Nghien cdu -Jj^^ '^''''
GIAI PHAP THU HUT
NGUON NHAN LlTC CHAT LU^ONG CAO VAO CAC C O QUAN NHA NU^dC
T h S . DOAN VAN TRAI''
Tom tat: Trong tinh hinh hien nay, de thu hut nguon nhdn luc chdt lugng cao vdo cdc ca quan nhd nu&c nhdm phdt trien ddt nu&c, giao luu vd hgi nhgp qudc te. cdn thiet phdi ddi m&i chinh sdch thu hiit, su dung nhdn tdi; dong th&i, thay doi cdch thiec tim kiem, giit chdn, thu hiit vd phdt trien nguon nhdn luc ndy.
Tur khoa: chinh sdch; ca quan nhd nu&c; nguon nhdn luc chdt lugng cao
I
Dat v i n deViec thu hiit ngudn nhan Iyc chit
# lugng cao vdo co quan nha nudc giir vai frd quan frpng. Tuy nhidn, thye Id cho thay, cac ea quan nhd nude vdn dang loay hoay tim kidm ngudi gidi, frong khi dd, nhung ngudi gidi Igi dang chat vat tim kidm vide Idm. Dgc bidt, de xay dyng Chinh phii kidn tgo, phuc vy, ddm bdo cho cdng cudc cdi each hdnh chinh thanh edng, didu quan frpng phdi cd dpi ngu cdn bp, cdng chirc frong bd may hdnh chinh dii dire, dii ldi dd phuc vy nhdn dan. Vi vgy, can
'' Trudng Dai hpc Van hoa Ho Chi Minh
phan tich, danh gid thye frgng nay dd cd mdt sd gidi phdp nhdm thu hiit ngudn nhan lyc cd chat lugng eao vdo cdc co quan nhd nudc.
2. Thye trgng chat luyng nguon nhan lyc trong CO* quan nha nudc
Tdng kdt 20 nam thye hidn Nghi quydl Trung uong 3 khda VIII ve Chiin luge cdn bg th&i ky ddy mgnh cdng nghidp hda. hiin dgi hda ddt nuac, Nghj quyet sd 26-NQ/TW ngdy 19/5/2018 cua Hpi nghj lin thir bay Ban Chip hdnh Trung uong Ddng khda XII it- tap trung xdy dung dgi ngd cdn bg cdc cdp. nhdt Id cdp chiin luge day du phdm chdt, ndng luc vd tiv tin. ngang tdm nhiem vu nhin manh, dpi ngu can bp cdc cdp da hing budc phdt tridn ed ve sd lugng va chat lugng, ddp ung ydu cau ciia
Khoa hpc chinh trj - S6' 7/2020
Nghien cdu - Trao doi 63 tiidi ky diy mgnh cdng nghipp hda, hidn dgi
hda dit nudc. Nhidu can bp nang ddng, sang tgo, thich iing vdi xu tiid hgi nhdp, cd kha nang 1dm vipc ttong mdi trudng qudc td. Da sd can bp d cdc cip cd nang luc, pham chat, uy tin va bdo dam ngudn edn bp quy hogeh ehuydn tidp giiia cac the he.
Theo sd lieu tdng hgp eiia Vy Td chiic - Bidn chd, Bg Ndi vy, sd lugng cdng ehiic nha nudc qua cdc nam vd co bdn la dn djnh, nam 2011 Id 323.268 ngudi, trong dd khoi Tnmg uong Id 178.165 ngudi, chidm 55,11%. va dja phuang Id 145.103 ngudi (44,89%); nam 2012 long cdng ehiic Id 355.989 ngudi, ttong dd Trung uang Id 178.509 ngudi, chiem 49,31%) vd dja phuong Id 177.480 ngudi {50,69%o); nam 2013 tong cdng chiie ea nudc Id 325.868 ngudi, frong dd Trung uomg Id 147.703 ngudi (45,32%.) vd dja phuong la 178.165 ngudi (54,68%.); nam 2014 la 320.189 ngudi, Tnmg uong la 136.048 ngudi (42,49%.), dja phuang la 184.141 ngudi (57,51%); nam 2015 Id 330.702 ngudi, Trung uong la 134.635 ngudi (40,71 %))vd dja phuang Id 196.667 (59,29%.); nam 2016 Id 326.420 ngudi, Trung uong ehidm 132.317 (40,53%.), dja phuong la 194.103 (59,47%o). Trinh do hge van eua ddi ngii cdng chiic 90% cd bang dgi hpc vd sau dgi hgc, frong khi dudi dgi hgc chi Id 10%<".
Cdn bp, cdng chirc hau hdl ed lap trudng tu tudng chinh frj viing vang, cd dao diic, ldi sdng gidn dj, guong mau, cd y thirc td chiie ky ludt, ludn tu dudng, rdn luydn, ndng cao frinh dp, nang lyc, phan dau hodn thdnh nhidm vu dugc giao.
Tuy nhien, dpi ngu can bd, cdng chirc hien nay van cdn khdng it nhiing ban chd, nhu: sd lugng can bd ddng nhung chua manh; co edu dpi ngu can bd, edng chirc ehua ddp iing ydu cau nhidm vu;... Nghj quydt sd 26-NQ/TW ngdy 19/5/2018 ciia Hpi nghi lin thii bdy Ban Chip hanh Trung uong Dang khda XII ve tap trung -xdy dung dgi ngd cdn bd cdc cdp. nhdt Id cdp chien luge ddy dii phdm chdt. ndng luc vd uy tin. ngang tdm nhiem vu khdng dinh:
"Nhin tdng thd, dpi ngu edn bd ddng nhung chua mgnh; tinh frgng vira thira, vira tiiidu cdn bd xdy ra d nhidu nai; sy lidn thdng giiia cdc cap, cac ngdnh edn hgn chd. Ty Id edn bp tte, cdn bg nii, can bd ngudi dan tdc Ihidu sd chua dgt myc tieu dd ra. Thidu nhiing cdn bg lanh dao, qudn ly gidi, nhd khoa hpc vd chuydn gia dau nganh frdn nhidu ITnh vyc. Nang lyc cua dgi ngii can bd chua ddng deu, cd mat cdn hgn chd, ydu kem; nhidu can bp, frong dd cd cd can bp cdp cao thieu tinh ehuyen nghiep, 1dm vide khdng diing chuydn mdn, sd tnrdng; trinh do ngogi ngy, ky nang giao tiep vd khd nang Idm vide frong mdi trudng qude td cdn nhidu hgn chd"'^*.
Bdn eanh dd, cdn mdt bd phan can bp, cdng ehiic ehua qua dao tgo vd ehuyen mdn, nghipp vy. Can bd, edng chiic cd trinh do cao chu ydu tap trung d cdc thdnh phd tryc thudc Trung uong vd cae dd thj ldn. Hidn nay, cd 282.561 can bd, cdng chiic chua qua ddo tao vd ly lugn chinh fri, ehidm 52,8%o. Cdn bd, cdng chiic cip xa cd trinh dp dudi dai hpc Id 163.293 ngudi (ehidm 75,2%.); chua dugc dao tgo ve qudn ly nhd nude Id 113.365 ngudi (chiem 52,2%.)*^*.
Khdng it cdn bd fre thieu bdn ITnh, ngai rdn luydn. Mdt bd phgn khdng nhd cdn bd phai nhgt ly tudng, gidm siit y chi, Idm vide hdi hgt, ngai khd, ngai khd, suy thodi vd tu tudng chinh trj, dgo diic, ldi sdng, cd bidu hidn "ty didn bidn",
"ty ehuydn hda". Mdt sd edn bd lanh dao, qudn ly, frong dd ed cd cdn bp cdp chidn luge, thidu guong mau, uy tin thap, nang luc, phdm ehdt chua ngang tim nhidm vy, quan lieu, xa ddn, ca nhan chii nghia, vudng vdo tham nhung, lang phi, tieu cyc, lgi ieh nhdm. Tinh frgng ehgy chiic, chay quydn, chay moi, chay quy hogeh, ehgy ludn chuydn, chay bang cap, ehgy khen thudng, chay danh hieu, chay ldi..., trong dd cd ca cdn bd cao cap, chgm dugc ngdn ehgn, diy liii'"'.
Mdt frong nhirng nguyen nhan ciia thye frang nay do la hogt ddng thu hut ngudn nhdn lye chdt lugng cao vdo co quan nhd nudc chua dgt hipu qua nhu mong mudn. Nghj quydl so 26-NQ/TW ngdy 19/5/2018 cua Hdi nghj lin
Khoa hoc chinh tri - So 7/2020
• Nghien cdu -TnioJoi_
thir bdy Ban Chap bdnh Trung uong Ddng khda XII ve tgp trung xdy dung dgi ngd cdn bg cdc cdp. nhdt Id cdp chien luge, duphdm chdt. ndng luc vd uy tin. ngang tdm nhiem vu da chi rd:
"Chu truong thu hiit nhan tdi chdm dugc cy thd hda bang eac co chd, chinh saeh phii hgp; kdl qud thu hiit tri thiie frd vd ngudi cd trinh do cao chua dgt ydu eau"*^'. Cdc quy djnh hidn hanh vd thu hut ngudn nhdn lye chat lugng cao vdn chua ddp ling dugc nhu cdu ve myen chpn, sir dyng vd giir chan ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng eao ciia eae co quan, td chiic frong he thdng chinh tri;
chua cd frgng tdm vd ehua cd chien luge ddi ban ve ddo tao, thu hiit, su dyng nhan tdi. Ddng thdi, vai frd, trdch nhiem ciia ngudi diing dau cde co quan va dja phuang frong vide thu hut, frpng dyng nhan lyc chat lugng cao chua dugc quy dinh rd rang, chua dugc quan tam dung miic.
3. Giai phap thu hiit nguon nhan lyc chat lugng cao vao cu quan nha nude
Dd thu hilt ngudn nhdn lyc chat lugng cao vao eac co quan nha nudc, can chuythtfc hien cdc gidi phdp sau;
Thie nhdt. tdng cu&ng lanh dgo, chi dgo cdng tdc thu hut nguon luc chdt luang cao cua cdp iiy ddng, chinh quyen
Cac cap liy ddng, chinh quydn khai md va tao sy cam ket manh me vd mat chinh tri giilp chinh sdch thu hut ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao dugc thye bidn mdt edch manh me, thye chat va hieu qud han. Thieu sy cam kdl mang tinh chat nen tang nay, ehinh sach thu hiit ngudn nhdn lyc chat lugng cao khdng thd frd thdnh hidn thye.
Thie hai, cdn bdo ddm ngudn luc tdi chinh trong thu hut ngudn nhdn luc chdt lugng cao vdo trong cdc ca quan hdnh chinh nhd nu&c
Can cd chinh saeh dai ngd thda dang, frong do ed dai ngd vd tai chinh, nha d. Phdi bdo dam ddy dii, thudng xuyen vd Uen tyc ngudn tai chinh tii ngan sdch cua Trung uong \ a ngan sdch cua dia phuong phyc vy cho chinh sdch thu hiit ngudn nhdn lyc va dao tao, bdi dudng de ed ngudn nhan lye ehdt lugng cao frong cac CO quan nha nudc.
77i«- ba. hodn thiin thi chl chinh sdch thu hut ngudn nhdn lire chdt lugng cao vdo ca quan nhd nuac
Cdn cd chinh sdch uu ddi cy did danh cho ngudn nhan luc chdt lugng cao, nhat la chmh sdch vd tidn luong. Nhd nudc can cd chmh sdch tien lucmg phu hgp de cdn bd, cdng chirc vd gia dinh ciia hg cd thd sdng dugc bang tidn luong, tii dd an tdm cdng tdc. Cy thd nhu, cd ehd do uu tidn vd tdi chinh cho sinh vien dy ngudn, sinh vien dang hpc tap d cdc trudng, tnmg tam ddo tgo vd ITnh vyc qudn Iy nhd nudc, dgc bidt la nhung sinh vien cd hoan canh khd khan nhung cd nang lye, kha nang vd cd nguydn vgng cdng tde, cdng hiin. Hd trg tdi chinh mpt Idn cho ngudn Iyc ed chat lugng khi hg ddng y vd 1dm vide frong co quan nha nudc. Cdc boat ddng hd trg tin dyng phu hgp giiip nhirng ngudi cd nang lye sdm dn dinh chd d dd yen lam cdng hidn cho CO quan, dja phucmg ndi rieng vd cho ddi nude ndi ehung.
Ve boat ddng hd trg tin dyng, Nhd nudc cd thd thye hidn hgp tac giira Nhd nudc, nhd dau tu bat dgng sdn vd ngdn hdng. Nha nudc Ihyc hipn ket ndi vdi doanh nghidp bat ddng sdn va ngdn hdng de cd dy an, san phdm nhd d phii hgp vdi can bd, cdng chiic tre, chua cd nha d dn dinh vd hd frg cdn bd, cdng chiic mua nhd dugc tiep can vdi Iai suit thdp hoae lai sudt uu dai. Hang thdng, co quan sir dung cdn bd, cdng chiic kdt ndi vdi ngan hang dd trich tra tidn vay mua nha d tir lidn luong ciia cdn bg, cdng chiic.
Thu tu, hodn thi^n cdng tdc ddo tgo, bdi duang di cd dugc ngudn nhdn luc chdt lugng cao cho cdc ca quan nhd nuac
Cdn hodn thidn quy trinh ddo tao, bdi dudng bat dau tir budc lya chgn vd phdn viing doi tugng dua di dao tgo, bdi duang. Cin cd quy chudn lya chpn eo sd vd hinh thiic ddo tgo dd bdo ddm lya chgn cdc co sd ddo lao cd uy tin vd chit lugng. Xdc dirdi rd quy djnh \d sir dyng, Iam vide va cdng hidn sau kbi ddo tgo.
Thie ndm. ndng cao chdt lugng cdc khdu trong cdng tdc cdn bg
Khoa hoc chinh trj - So 7/2020
Nghien cdu - Trao doi
- Hodn thipn cdng tac tuyen dyng: Tuydn dyng cd y nghTa quan frgng frong cdng tac quan ly va sir dyng ngudn nhan lyc frong td chiic. Trudc het, ein hodn thidn tidu ehuan cho timg vj fri vi^c Idm. Cin cu thd hda, bd sung hoan thidn cae tidu chuan nghidp vy ngach, bge cho phu hgp. Tuydn dung nhan lyc chdt lugng cao phdi can cir vdo nhu cau thye te cy Ihd ciia timg don vj. Can cii vao vj fri cdng tdc, ydu cdu cdng vipc dd dd ra cdc quy djnh, tidu chudn cy thd eho timg chiic danh, vi tri cung nhu tirng cdng vide cu the. Ydu cau ddi vdi timg chiic danh vd vj tri can todn dipn, ey thd:
trinh dp chuyen mdn, nang luc cdng lac, pham chdt dao diic - chinh tri, siic khde,... Day la khdu quan trpng tgo ndn dgi ngu lihdn luc qudn ly nhd nudc cd tdm vd cd tdm. Cdn xay dyng va hoan thidn cdc tieu chuan ddi vdi cdc chiic danh lanh dao, quan ly, 1dm ea sd dd ddnh gid, quy hoach, ddo tgo, bdi duong, bd tri, sir dyng can bd lanh dao, quan ly. Cdn cy thi hda cdc quy djnh vd tuydn dyng, sii dyng vd qudn ly can bd theo Nghj djnh sd 116/2003/ND- CP ngay 10/10/2003 cua Chinh phii va Nghi djnh sd 121/2006/ND-CP ngay 23/10/2006 ciia Chinh phii vd vide myen dyng, sii dyng vd qudn ly cdn bd ttong cae don vi sy nghidp nha nudc'^'.
Bdo ddm minh bach, edng khai vd trung Ihyc frong tuydn dyng. Tuyet ddi trdnh nd nang, vy lgi ca nhan hay tinh edm gia dinh dan xen ttong cdng tac tuyen dung. Ngudi lao dpng edn duge tuydn dyng diing vdi ydu eau, ddi hdi eiia edng vide vd vi fri edng tde. Qua frinh tuydn dyng cdn cdng khai, minh bgch, khoa hgc dap iing myc dich va ydu cau cua vipc tuyen dyng. Sau tuydn dyng can ed qua frinh thir vipc, ddnh gia thii vide, lay phidu lin nhipm. Quy trinh danh gia, nhgn xdt lao ddng thir vide phai thye sy minh bgch, edng khai, chan tinh ddng gdp xay dyng. Ndu cdn bd, cdng chiic dgt cdc ydu cau dd ra thi mdi tuydn dyng va bd nhipm vao nggch chinh thiic.
- Bdo ddm bd tri va sir dyng ngudn nhdn lyc diing vdi nganh nghd dao tao vd nang lyc
chuyen mdn: Can sir dyng cdn bd, cdng chiie phu hgp dd phat huy hidu qua, nang luc cua hg. Vide su dyng cdn bp khdng diing chuydn mdn se dan den tinh trgng lang phi, hao mdn va "bac chat xdm". Bo tri, sir dyng diing cdn bd, cdng vide dugc frdi chdy hon; quy hoach diing di lidn vdi bdi dudng, ddo tgo mgt each manh dan va ddng bd, se tgo ra mpt dpi ngu can bd cd tridn vpng dap img ydu ciu eho lanh dgo, qudn ly d cdc cdp, cdc ngdnh.
Dd bd tri, sii dyng hgp ly dgi ngii can bp quan ly nhd nudc hien nay, cdn ddnh gid cdn bp khach quan, toan dipn, khoa hgc, trung thye va dan chu. Trong bd tri, sii dyng ddi ngu cdn bp qudn ly nhd nudc, khdng chi theo bang cdp, hge vj, tudi tdc ma phdi quan tam den nang lyc lam vide. Bd tri diing ngudi, diing vide, trdnh ehgy theo bang cap, hpc vj. Tranh didu ehuydn nhihig ngudi tii ITnh vyc chuydn mdn ndy sang ITnh vyc chuydn mdn khde.
Trong bd tri, sir dyng can dau tranh ehdng tu tudng eye bd dja phuang, tinh bdo thu, tri frp, dpc dodn, ddc tdn. Day la nhirng nhan td kim ham va lang phi ngudn nhdn lyc. Ddng thai, chdng tu tudng gian don trong bd tri, sir dyng tri thiic, nhdl la tri thiie giii cdc cuong vj lanh dao, qudn ly, nhiing ngudi diing ddu cdc ca quan quan ly.
- Hodn thidn he thdng tidu chi ddnh gia cdn bd, cdng chiic dang cdng tac trong cdc co quan qudn ly nha nudc: Trong qud trinh sir dung cdn bd, can xdy dyng ede lidu ehuan cy the cho timg vi tri cdng tae. Xac dinh rd lieu chudn sir dyng can bd quan ly nha nudc hipn nay la phai frdn eo sd "vira hdng, vira chuyen". Tgo didu kidn thuan lgi eho hg phdt huy tdi nang vd sd trudng frong edng vide. Hang nam, can cii vao eac tidu ehuan dd xdc djnh, ddnh gia cdn bd va xet thi dua, khen thudng, ky lugt.
Cae tidu chuan can bam sdt thye td va phdi dugc cu thd hda. Khi thye hidn ddnh gid vd xdp logi can bd, ed nhdn khdng dgt lidu chudn cua vj tri dang cdng tdc cdn phdi ty kidm didm, nghidm tiie nit kinh nghidm. Ndu ed sai pham phdi xu ly nghiem minh, kjp thai. Ndu
Khoa hpc chinh trj - So 7/2020
Nghien cdu - Trao ddi
Anh: Suu tdm
xet thiy can thidt, cd thd thay ddi cdng lac, kd cd can bg lanh dgo.
- c i n xay dyng mdi trudng lam viee tich cue vd dan chu: mdi trudng lam vide la yeu td dugc nhidu ngudi lya chpn va quan tdm. Mdi trudng Idm vipc phu hgp giiip can bg, cdng chiic phat huy dugc ndng lyc, sd trudng vd khdt vpng eong hidn. Mdt mdi trudng thidu tinh nang dgng, mang ngng ddu an phong each quan ly hanh chinh quan lidu se 1dm hao byt fri tud, gidm sy nhiet linh vd khd nang sdng tao ciia nhan ldi, nhit Id nhung ngudi tre va ngudi dugc ddo tgo trong mdi trudng nang dgng d nude ngodi. Vi vdy, nhiing ngudi lanh dgo trong eac ea quan nha nudc phdi ed tu duy qudn ly mdi, ddm thay ddi vd chdp nhan nii ro, ludn iing hd nhiing sang tao tich cyc ciia cdp dudi.
Tdm lgi
Trong thdi gian tdi, cdc cdp, cdc nganh can thay ddi, lien ldi xda bd tu duy cyc bd, hep hdi, dinh kidn cd nhdn, can nhin thang vdo thye te cdng tdc myen dyng va bd tii nhdn lye trong cdc co quan nhd nudc. Cd nhu vay.
chiing ta mdi ddm manh dgn thay ddi vd
quydl lipt hon frong vipc sir dyng ngudn nhdn lyc chit lugng cao frong hp thdng co quan nhd nudcQ
'" Nguyen Van Hoa, Xdy dung dgi ngU cong chirc &
nu&c ta hien nay theo tu tuang Ho Chi Minh, 2016, tr.90-91.
<->- "1 Dang Cpng san Vi^t Nam, Nghj quyet so 26- NQ/TW ngay 19/5/2018 cua Hpi nghj tin thtr bdy Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang Cpng san Vi^t Nam khda XII ve tgp trung xdy dimg dgi ngU cdn bg cdc cdp, nhdt la cdp chien luge ddy du phdm chdt, ndng luc vd uy tin, ngang tdm nhiem vu (3) v4 (4) Ducmg Xuan Ngpe, Mot so vdn de ve dgi ngu cdn bg, cong chuc. Trang thong tin di?n tii Hpi dong ly lu|n trung uong, dang ngay 26/4/2019, http://hdll.
vn/vi/nghien-cuu~-trao-doi/mot-so-van-de-ve-doi- ngu-can-bo-cong-chuc-phan-cuoi.hlml, xem ngay 12/2/2020
<« Ha Cong Hai, Thuc irgng vd kien nghi vi chinh sdch thu hut. str dung nhdn tdi a Viei Nam.T^p chiTo chirc nha nudc, dang ngay 10/10/2017. http://tcnn.
vn/news/delail/32028 Thuc_trang_va_kien_nghi_
ve_chinh_sach thu hul_su_dung_nhan iai_o_Viet_
Nam.all.html
Khoa hpc chinh trj - S6 7/2020
