Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
KET QUA NGHIEN CUU XAC DINH NGUYEN NHAN SU SUY GIAM CHAT LUUNG
THAN KHU M O KHE CHUOI TRONG QUA TRINH CHE BIEN, LUU KHO VA DE XUAT cac giai pliap Idiac pliuc nli^m nang cao liieu qua san xuat
ThS. NGUYEN HUU NHAN ThS. MAI VAN TH|NH KS. TRAN K I M TUYtN
Vign Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Md - Vinacomin Weathering of coal is the tendency of coal to break apart when they exposure to the weather and is known to have many negative effects on coal. One of the severe-effects of weathering on Khe Chuoi ROM coal is that, the shale and middlings disintegrate (degradation in size) or slack very readily when exposure to the weather, particularly when alternatively wetted and dried or subjected to hot sunshine. Slacking of shale and middlings causes increasing ash content and yield of fine coal, thus decreasing the value of the fine coal. This report introduces the effects of weathering on decreasing the value of the coal and also propose the methods that could be employed in practice to reduce the negative effects of coal-weathering on the processing and storage of coal.
\- Md diu
Md than h i m Id Khe Chuli thupe dja phin xa Tring
Luang, huypn Ddng Trilu, tfnh Quang Ninh, do Cdng ty TNHH MTV 91 - Tong Cdng ty Ddng Ble quan ly v i khai thic, vdi sin lupng than nguyen khai dat 330 nghin t i n trong nam 2011 v i du kiln se dat 450.000 tan trong nam 2012.
Khu md Khe Chuoi cd d i e dilm dja chat rat phipc tgp, cau true vfa than khdng on djnh, cd nhieu Idp d i kep, nhilu khoing vat qugng pint x i m t i n trong than, than nguyen khai thudc logi than xau, dp tro trung blnh tip 45- 48%. Trudc nam 2011, do than chit lupng xau, edng nghe sang tuyln chf cd sing khd, nhat tay thu cdng v i nghiln don xd ba sing pha trdn nen chat lupng san pham khdng dat yeu cau tieu thg, phai dk ton kho l i u ngiy tren ding bai v i bj phong hda, bd rdi, vd vgn theo thdi gian, d i n d i n pham d p chat lupng than ngiy cing suy giam, l i m anh hudng d i n hieu qua s i n xult eua Cdng ty TNHH MTV 91 ndi rieng v i Ting Cdng ty Ddng Bae ndi chung.
Dk giai quylt van d l tren, vide nghien cuu dinh g i i su suy giam chit lupng than khu
md Khe Chuoi trong q u i trinh c h l biln, luu kho v i d l xult c i c giai phip khac phuc la h i t SLPC c l n thilt.
II- Nghien cuu dinh gia su suy giam phlm cip chit lup'ng than md Khe Chudi.
Trong viec nghien cuu dinh g i i su suy giam pham elp chit lupng than md Khe Chuli, nhdm thue hipn da tiln hinh khao sit thuc t l tinh trgng than nguyen khai sau khai thic cung nhu tren bai chua, dong thdi lay mau phin tich, dinh g i i chit lupng than sau khai thic cung nhu trong qui trinh luu kho.
1- Khdo sdt tinh tr^ng than ngay sau khai thdc vd trong qud trinh Iwu kho.
Kit qua khao sat thuc t l cho thay, than nguyen khai md Khe Chuli thupe logi m i m , bd, l i n nhieu d i xft kep.
de bj phong hda, bd rdi, vd vgn. Doi vdi than tren ding bai ngoai trdi, thanh phan da xit, bia kep +15mm trong than bj bd rdi, vd vun thanh c i m d i vdi mLFC dp r l t Idn.
2- Liy mdu, phan tich ddnh gid chit Iwong than ngay sau khi khai thdc.
Mau than nguyen khai dieoc lay tip vfa 5 v i vfa 4 la cic vfa dang khai thic, vj tri lly mau d dlu bing tai, tai cua Id v i dippc sing phan logi cd hgt, dong thdi phin tich xic dinh dp tro.
Kit qua phin tfch miu du^ac trinh biy trong bang 1.
Nh$n xet:
Theo kit qua phan tfch mau than trong bang 1 cho thly: ,
- Than c i m khd (0 15) mm chilm ty le 47 -50% trong than nguyen khai, thude chung logi than cim cd chat lupng thlp tLP cim 6 d i n cim 7.
KHCNM SO 4/2012* CNKT HAM LO
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Thong tin khoa hQC cong nghd moBing 1. Kit qui phin tich sing miu than nguyin khai via 5 vi via 4 ngay sau khi khai thic
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6
dp hgt (mm)
+200 80-200
50-80 35-50 15-35 0-15 COng
Vie TH%
160 19,98
9,86 7.40 11,47 49,68 100,00
\5 fl^(%)
79,90 "
67,01 54,65 52,95 50,69 38,60 48,97
Via TH%
3,19 21,62
9,52 7,08 11,91 46,68 100,00
4
A^(%) 1A~Z4 61,01 59,33 57,70 55,32 52,45 56,37
Miu than don x6 -t-lSnun, than cue -t-lSnun, trung gian -t-lSnun, da xit -f-lSnun (hole miu than nguven khai I
,^ Sing (jf 15 m m ,,
z—I
Sau 45 ngiv-.15 ^^^^^^ ^15
Sau 60 ngiv
,. Sing 0 15 m m .^
Cin
O Miu phin tfch tro A^
+15 mm
Hinh 1. Sa do thi nghigm gia cdng phan tich xac dinh khoi Iwgng vi dp tro than cim sinh ra tir don xd +15mm vi tir miu
than nguyin khai
d p hgt (15-80)mm chilm tf Ip khoang 29%, dp tro tip 53-57% chit lupng tuang duang c i m 7b d i n 7C.
3 - Nghien CLPU xdc dinh nguyen nhdn sy suy gidm phim cip chit Iwgng than trong qud trinh chi bien vd Iwu kho.
Tren ca sd c i c k i t qua
khao s i t thuc t l v i phin tfch m l u than ngay sau khi khai thic, d l nghien CLPU x i e djnh su suy giam phlm e l p chit lup'ng than trong q u i trinh e h i biln v i luu kho, nhdm thuc hipn da l l y m l u than luu trong kho ed mai che v i khdng cd m i i che, vdi c i c logi m l u than sau:
M l u than don xd +15mm, than cgc +15mm, trung gian +15mm v i 6d xit +15mm eua than nguydn khai sau khi sing khd tieh c i m .
- M l u than nguyin khai.
C i e m l u than dupe thf nghidm theo sa d l hinh 1.
a. Xdc djnh khdi Iwang vd dC tro than cdm sinh ra tw don x6 +15 mm cue via 5 vd via 4 khi di trong kho c6 mdi che va khdng c6 mdi che
K i t qua x i c djnh khii lupng v i dd tro than cim 0-15mm, trong kho ed mii che v i khdng ed m i i che dupc trinh b i y trong bang 2 v i 3.
Nh$n xdt:
Theo k i t qua phin tfch mau trong bang 2 va 3 cho thly:
Muc dp phong hda, vd vgn cua d i +15mm, trung gian +15mm, than cgc +15mm, than don xd +15mm khi de tren bai chCpa ngoii trdi khdng ed m i i che d l u Idn han rlt nhilu so vdi khi dk trong kho ed m i i che, trong dd d i xit +15mm ed miPc dp phong hda, va vgn Idn nhlt, sau dd l i trung gian bia kpp +15mm v i culi cung la than cgc +15mm.
Da xit, trung gian, bia kep e l p hgt +15mm bj vd vgn thinh c i m 6a l i n v i o than, da l i m t i n g ty Ip thu hogeh than cam trong than nguyen khai nhung ddng thdi cung lam t i n g dp tro chung v i giam chit lup^ng than c i m .
- Thdi gian luu kho cang dai thi mCpc dp vd vgn thinh c i m c i n g Idn, ty Ip cim da sinh ra cing nhilu, dp tro than c i m cing tang, l i m tang muc dp suy giam phlm d p than.
- Trong vdng 15 ngiy dlu
KHCNM s d 4/2012* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe md
Bang 2. Kit qui xic djnh khoi Iwgmg vi dp tro than cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tir don xd +15mm cua via 5 va via 4 khi di trong kho c6 mil che
Thai gian (ngiy)
0 15 30 45 60
Cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tir don xd+15 mm via 5 Tipdi
+15 mm TH so di +15 mm (%)
0 1.21 1,93 2,65 3,20
A' (%)
83,13 80,63 79,44 79,02
Tir trung gian
+15 mm
THso TG+15
mm (%)
0 0,44
1.23 1,81 2,43
A' (%)
57,02 56,40 54,47 55,15
Tir than cyc
+15 mm TH so cyc +15 mm (%)
0 0,30 0.95 1,64 2.34
A' (%)
21.36 22,01 21.74 21,39
donxd +15 mm TH so don
xd +15 mm (%) 0 0,65 1,38 2,04 2,65
A' (%)
67,98 60.35 57.07 55.46
Cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tir don xd +15 mm via 4 Tirdi
+15 mm
TH sodi +15 mm (%)
0 3.72 6.19 7,41 8,95
A' (%)
75,41 75,72 76,40 76,60
TCr trung gian
+15 mm TH so TG +15 mm (%)
0 0,95
1,73 2,29 3,00
A' (%)
56,98 53,61 52,25 53,05
Tir than cyc
+15 mm TH so than
+15 mm (%)
0 0,39
1,44 1,97 2,54
A' (%)
-
22.50 23.25 23.57 24.69
Tir donxd +15 mm THso
don xd +15 mm (%)
0 1,90 3,45 4,27 5,27
A' (%)
69,46 65,82 65,22 65.08
Bing 3. Kit qui xic djnh khoi Iwgmg vi dp tro than cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tir don xd +15mm cUa via 5 vi via 4 khi di ngoii trdi khdng cd mil che
Thdi gian (ngiy)
0 15 30 45 60
Cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tip don xd+15 mm via 5 Tipdi
*15mm TH so di +15 mm (%)
0 3,08 12,37 29,41 44,13
A' (%)
83,13 84,93 79,82 81,38
TCP trung gian
*15 mm THso TG+15
mm (%)
0 1,78 6,66 13,69 19,27
A' (%)
- 57,02 71,09 71,72 71.86
TCr than cyc
+15 mm TH so cyc +15 mm (%)
0 1.14 2.30 3.38 4,94
A' (%)
21,36 27,78 27,97 28,39
TCP donxd +15 mm TH so don
xd +15 mm (%) 0 2,21 8,17 18,27 27,00
A' (%)
68,96 77,58 75,63 76,95
Cim 0-15 mm sinh ra tCP don xd+15 mm via 4 TCpdi
+15 mm
TH sodi +15 mm (%)
0 3,77 12,76 24.48 32,90
A' (%)
78.41 80,49 81,76 81,92
TCP trung gian
*15 mm TH so TG +15 mm (%)
0 1,65 4,36 6,47 8,48
A' (%)
63,98 71,43 71,74 71,46
TCP than cyc
+15 mm TH so than
+15 mm (%)
0 0,96 3,81 4,89 6,35
A' (%)
23,50 30,11 30,58 30,39
TCP donxd +15 mm THso
don xd +15 mm (%) 0 2,46 7,99 14.17 18,93
A' (%)
70,71 73,94 76,61 76,81 ngay sau khi khai thic, mCpc
dp phong hda, vd vgn e l p hgt +i5mm khdng ding k l , nhung sau 15 ngiy t i c dp tang rat nhanh, khoi lupng c i m d i sinh ra rat Idn.
b. Xdc dinh si/ thay doi ty le thu hoach va dp tro than cdm trong than nguyen khai trong kho c6 mdi che vd
khdng co mdi che.
K i t q u i x i e djnh su thay doi ty Ip thu hogeh v i dp tro than c i m 0-15 mm trong than nguyen khi d l than nguyen khai vfa 5 v i vfa 4 md Khe Chuli trong kho ed m i i che v i khdng ed m i i che dupc trinh b i y trong bang 4.
Nh$n xet:
K i t qua trinh b i y trong bang 4 eho thly:
- Khi dk than nguyen khai vfa 4, vfa 5 md Khe Chuoi phong hda ngoii trdi hoge trong kho cd mai che, ty Ip thu hogeh v i dp tro than c i m trong than nguyen khai d l u tang.
KHCNM s d 4/2012* CNKT HAM L 6
jl
w
Thong tin khoa hQC cong nghg mdBing 4. Kit qud xic dinh sy thay dii ty ip thu ho^ch vd dp tro than cdm trong than nguydn khai khi di trong kho cd mil che vi khdng cd mdl che
Thirl gian (ngiy)
0 15 30 45 60
Than nguyin khai via 5 Di trong kho
cd mil che Tyip
rr/o) 49,68 50,01 50,37 50,70 51,02
Ddtro AT/o) 38.60 38.79 38,90 38.97 39,04
Di ngoii trdi khdng cd mil che
Tyip rr/o) 49,68 50,79 53.79 58,87 63,27
Ddtro AT/o) 38,60 39,26 41,58 44.38 46,84
Than nguydn khai via 4 Di trong kho
cd mil che T9ip
rr/o) 46.68 47,70 48,52 48,96 49,49
Ddtro AT/o) 52,45 52.81 52.96 53,04 53.17
Di ngoii trdi khdng mil che
T9IP rr/o) 46.68 47,99 50,94 54,24 56,77
Ddtro AT/o) 52,45 52,95 54,25 55,81 56,78 T i e dp phong hda, vd
vgn, t i c dd gia ting dd tro v i gia ting ty Ip thu hogeh than c i m trong than nguydn khai khi d l phong hda ngoii trdi Idn han rlt nhilu so vdi trudng hpp dk trong kho cd m i i che.
- Thdi gian d l than luu kho phong hda cing d i i thi miPC tang ty Ip thu hogeh v i muc ting dp tro cua than c i m trong than nguyen khai cing eao, phlm cap than cing bj suy giam, dge bipt l i khi d l tren bai chipa ngoii trdi khdng ed m i i che.
Than vfa 5 ed mCpc dp phong hda vd vgn, muc t i n g ty Ip thu hogeh v i t i n g dd tro than c i m Idn han so vdi than
vfa 4 khi d l trdn b i i ehua ngoii trdi.
- Nguydn nhin ehu y l u l i m t i n g ty Id thu hogeh v i l i m t i n g dd tro than c i m trong than nguydn khai l i do phong hda vd vgn cua d i xft, thinh c i m d i Idn han r l t nhilu so vdi than cgc.
c l n t l chuc sing tuyln c h l biln than trong vdng 15 ngiy sau khi khai thic.
c. So sdnh muc chenh Ipch ty Ip thu ho^ch vd dp tro than cdm trong than nguyin khai so v&i ban dau khi de than trong kho c6 mdi che vd khdng c6 mdi che.
K i t qua so sinh muc chdnh Idch dd tro v i ty l | thu
hogeh than c i m trong than nauydn khai so vdi ban dlu khi de trong kho ed m i i che va khdng cd m i i che dippe trinh b i y trong bing 5. D l thj so s i n h dup'c trinh biy trong hinh 2.
Nhpn xdt:
K i t qua trong bang 5 v i hinh 2 cho thly:
Khi dk than tren kho bai ngoai trdi khdng cd mii che, miPC dp phong hda vd vgn cic e l p hgt Idn thinh cim d i , t i n g r l t nhanh v i Idn han rlt nhilu so vdi khi d l trong kho cd m i i che.
- Thdi gian luu kho cing Idn thi dd tro than c i m cing t i n g cao, d i e bidt khi d l tren
Bing 5. So sinh mCrc chdnh ipch dp tro vi ty ip thu hogeh than cdm trong than nguydn khai so vdi ban diu khi di than trong kho cd mil che vi khdng cd mil che
Thdi gian (ngiy)
0 15 30 45 60
Via 5 Than di trong kho
cd mii che Chdnh
Igchtyip thu hoi Dgr/o)
0 0,33 0,69 1,02 1.34
Chdnh Ipch dp tro DA"
r/o) 0 0,19 0,30 0,37 0,44
Than di ngoii trdi khdng mii che Chdnh
Ipchtyip thu hoi Dgr/o)
0 1.11 4,11 9,19 13,59
Chinh ipch dd tro DA^
r/o) 0 0,66 2,98 5,78 8,24
Via 4 Than di trong kho
cd mil che Chdnh
Ipchtyip thu hii Dgr/o)
0 1.01
1,84 2,28 2,81
Chdnh Ipch dp
tro DA' r/o)
0 0,36 0,51 0,59 0,72
Than di ngoii trdi khdng mil che Chinh
Ipchtyip thu hoi Dgr/o)
0 1,31 4,26 7.56 10,09
Chdnh lgch do
tro DA r/o)
0 0,50 1,80 3,36 4,33
KHCNM S6 4/2012* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo
bai chLPa ngoii trdi khdng cd m i i che. Pham e l p than cd t h i bj giam tip c i m 6 thuang pham sang c i m 7 phg phlm.
ill - Dk x u i t cac giai phap giam thieu SIP suy giam p h l m c i p c h i t lu'p'ng than.
TLP k i t qua nghien CLPU tren diy, nhdm nghien CLPU d l xult c i c giai phip giam thilu su suy giam pham d p chat lupng than v i ning cao hipu qua s i n xult c h l biln than tgi md Khe Chuli nhu sau:
1. Ap dgng hp thing sing tuyln, c h l biln than bang edng nghp tuyln huyIn phu tu sinh nhlm:
- Ning cao ning luc sing tuyln, c h l biln, ning cao
pham d p chit luang than.
- Giai quylt ton dpng than, t i n thu t i i nguyen v i giam thilu d nhidm mdi trudng.
2. X i y dung kho ehua than ed m i i che.
- Doi vdi than cgc, ed g i i trj thuang phlm cao v i dd bj bge m i u , giam dp i n h , dd vd vgn khi d l ngoii trdi nen c l n chLPa trong kho ed m i i che;
D l i vdi c i e chung logi than edn Igi nen che chan bang cich phu bat kfn khi luu kho.
3. Dilu ehfnh k l hogeh s i n xult khdng dk ton dpng than.
- Dam bao thdi gian than luu kho khdng q u i 15 ngiy sau khi khai thic.
- Ting cudng logi bd 6a l i n trong than ngay tren cua Id.
III. K i t luan
1. Than nguyen khai vfa 4 v i vfa 5 md Khe Chuoi ed chit lupng thlp, dp tro tmng blnh tip 45% - 48%, h i m lupng luu
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 S 4 3 2 1 0
• ' ' r
'<
w'
/
/^\ r
_^-\
' y
/
M
[lir' %
•
/ /
(
/
1'
/
r
.'•'"
_ _ - - j )
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
4 3 2 1 0
E
"8
10 20 30 40 SO 60 70 TbM gian (ngiy)
0
- C h t o h l ^ ly lelHthan cim trong TNK V5d4 trong kho to b«n dlu (%) -Chtoh l^Ot t^ le IH than
cim trong TNK V5<!<
ngoii trM to ban diu (%) - Oitah 1 ^ ^ U TH than
cim trong TNK V4 Ai trong kho lo ban diu (%) -Oitoh I6ch t^ If TH than
cim trong TNK V4d<
ngoii (rdi lo ban diu (%) - ChCnh 1 ^ dd tro than
cim trong TNK V4d^
trong kho lo ban diu (%) - Chftnh lich d6 tro than
cim trong TNK V4 dt ngoii Irdii to ban diu (%) - Chtoh I6ch dd tro than
cim tn»ig TNK VS d^
trong kho lo ban diu (%) -Chinh iCch dA tro than
cimlrongTN'KVSd^
ngoii trdi lo ban dlu (96)
Hinh 2. Do thi so sinh mCrc chenh lgch ty lg thu hogeh vi dp tro than cam vdi than nguyen khai khi de than trong kho ed mil che huynh chung tuang d l i cao tir ning cao hieu qua s i n xult,
1,0% 2,2%. Than thupe logi md Khe Chuli d n phai:
de bj phong hda biln chit, bd - Dau tu x i y dung he rdi vd vgn, dge biet khi chju t i c thing sing tuyln than su dpng tn,pe tilp cua nang, mua dgng cdng nghp tuyln huyen v i su thay doi nhipt dp, dp am phu t u sinh nham ning eao trong khdng khf.
2. Nguyen nhin d i n d i n suy giam pham chit lupng l i do edng nghp sing tuyln than thu cdng, ehf ed sing khd, nhgt tay v i nghiln don xd ba sing pha trpn nen chit lupng than thinh phlm thlp, khdng dgt yeu d u tieu thg, phai d l t i n kho l i u ngiy trdn ding bai ngoii trdi, do bj phong hda nen d i xft, bia kpp trong than don xd v i than nguydn khai t u
ning luc sing tuyen, chu dpng dupe chit lupng s i n pham, giai quylt v l n d l ton dpng than nguyen khai, don xd b i sing.
- X i y dung kho ehua than thinh pham cd m i i che.
D i l u ehfnh k l hogeh s i n xult hpp ly 6k giam thilu lupng than ton kho./.
Tdi lipu tham khdo:
Mai Vdn Thinh vd nnk. Bdo cdo tong kit: "Nghien cCni xdc bd rdi vd vgn thinh c i m xit, cffnA) sy suy giam chit Iw^ng l i n v i o than c i m , l i m tang dp cua than trong qud trinh che tro. Thai gian 6k phong hda bien, ton kho vd de xuat giai than ngoii trdi cing l i u thi su phdp nang cao hipu qua san suy giam phlm elp chit xuat khu mo Khe Chuoi - lupng than cing Idn. Cong ty TNHH MTV 91" - 3. Dk hgn c h l su suy giam \ ^ ' l " KHCN Mo - Vinacomin, pham d p chit lupng than v i " i ^ " 2012.
KHCNM s d 4/2012* CNKT HAM L 6
