Lfi Thi Kieu Oanh vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53-60
NGHIEN CUtJ ANH HlTOfNG CUA M O T SO T O H O P PHAN BON DEN SINH T R U ' d N G , P H A T T R I E N , NANG SUAT VA C H A T LlTONG CUA G I O N G N G O N E P L A I HN88 VU XUAN 2014 TAI THAI NGUYEN
Lfi Thi Kifiu Oanh', Trdn Trung Kien'', Tr^n van Oien', Ngo Manh Tifin^
Tru&ng Dai hoc Nong Ldm - Dai hpc Thdi Nguyen
^UBND phuang Tdn Thdnh. TP Thdi Nguyen
TOM T A T
Thi nghifim duac tifin hanh trong vu Xuan 2014 tai Thanh pho Thai Nguyen vdi 6 cdng thirc: CT I (HON + 5OP26; + 60K;O/ha), CT 2 (120N + isOPjO; + lOKjOfha), CT 3 (130N + 7OP3O5 + 80K3O/ha), CT 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + gOK^O/ha), CT 5 (150N + 9OP2O5 + lOOKjO/ha), CT 6 (i60N + IOOP2O5 + I lOKjO/ha) trfin nfin 3 tan phan vi sinh/ha. Kfit qua thi nghiem cho thay Lupng phdn bfin khic nhau anh huong khong nhifiu tdi thdi gian sinh tnrdng va dac diem hinh thai ciia giong ngo nfip lai HN88; khd ndng chdng chiu sau benh hai cd xu hudng giam khi lupng phan bdn tang, ndng suat bdp tuoi ciia giong ngo nfip ITN88 d cdc cong thirc phdn bon bien dpng tir 70,8 - 92,1 ta/ha. Cong thirc 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/ha) cho ndng suit bdp tuoi va ndng suit hat kho cao nhdt, dat tuong iing 92,1 vd 37,8 ta/ha; hieu qua kinh tfi ciing dat cao nhat d cong thiic 4; chat lupng thu nfim tot nhat d cong thiic 5 vd 6.
Tir khda: Chdt lirang, HN88, ndng sudt, ngo nep, phdn bon, Thdt Nguyen.
DAT VAN DE
Doi vdi cac loai ngd thyc phim, dac biet la giong ngd nep {Zea mays L.subsp. Ceralina Kulesh) tuy san lugng chua nhifiu nhung nhu cau sir dung cac gidng ngd nay trong thdi gian gan day dang tang Ifin rat nhanh. Ngd nep chiem khoang 12% tdng dien tich ngd ciia ca nudc, chii yfiu la cac gidng thu phan tu do Vi?c san xuat ngd nep chat lugng cao phuc vu lam luong thyc, lam qua khdng chi phii hgp vdi tap quan cua cac dan tgc mifin mii ma cdn ngay cang phat trien d cac vimg ddng bang, dd thj.
Cay ngd cd tiem nang nang suat Idn, Trong cac bien phap tham canh tang nang suat ngd, phan bdn giif vai trd quan trpng nhat, Theo Berzeni va Gyorff(l996) [1] thi phan bdn anh hudng tdi 30,7% nang suat ngd cdn cac yfiu td khdc nhu mat dp, phdng trir cd dai, dit trdng cd anh hudng it ban De dat nang suat cao va on djnh, ngd can dugc bdn phan can ddi, dac bipl la giua cac yeu td NPK,
Ket qua nghien ciiu cita Tran Trung Kien (2014) [3] ve phan bdn ddi vdi gidng ngd nep
Tel 0983 360276. Emad kienngodhnHd^mail cam
lai HN88 vu Xuan 2013 tai Thai Nguyfin cho thiy: Ty le nhiem sau benh cd xu hudng tang theo lugng phan bdn, tuy nhien muc dg nhiem sau bfinh d mirc do nhe va khdng anh hudng nhieu tdi nang suat va chat lugng ciia gidng.
Ndng suat thuc thu bien ddng tir 25 - 40 ta/ha, trong dd cdng thuc 4 (140 N + 80 P1O5 + 90 K20/ha) cd tiem ndng ndng suat cao nhat (40 ta/ha). De cd ket luan chinh xac hon ve anh hudng ciia phan bdn dfin sinh trudng va nang suat ciia gidng ngd nep lai HN88, can tifip tuc nghifin cuu them d cac vu sau dfi ddnh gia ket qua dugc chinh xac hon. Vi vay, chung tdi da tien hanh dfi tai "Nghien cuu dnh hu&ng cua mpi sd to hop phdn ban din slnh tru&ng, phdt trien, ndng suat vd chdt luang cua giong ngd nip lai HN88 vu Xuan 2014 lgi Thdi Nguyin".
V A T LIEU, N O I DUNG VA PHU'ONG P H A P N G H I E N CU'U
Vat lieu nghien cuu
- Gidng ngd nep lai HN88: Do Cdng ty gidng cay trdng TW 1 nhap ngi va tuyen chon.
- Phan bdn Dam Ure (46%N), Lan Supe (16% P2O5), Kaliclorua (60%K3O),
53
Lfi Thi Kieu Oanh vo Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53-60 Sia diem va thoi gian nghien cun
Dia diem tien hdnh de tdi:
Thi nghiem dugc thuc hien tai Phudng Gia Sang, TP. Thai Nguyen, tinh Thai Nguyen.
Diiu kien ddt thi nghiem:
Tien hanh tren dit rugng mgt liia, khdng chii ddng tudi.
Th&i gian tiin hanh di tdi:
Vu Xuan 2014: Gieo ngay 23 thang 02 nam 2014.
Noi dung nghien ciru
- Nghien ciru anh hudng ciia cac td hgp phan bdn den thdi gian sinh tnrdng cua gidng ngd nfip iai HN88.
- Nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia cac td hgp phan bdn dfin ddc diem hinh thai cua gidng ngo nep lai HN88.
- Nghien ciru kha nang chdng chiu sau, bfinh hai va chdng do cua gidng ngd nep lai HN88 qua cac td hgp phan bdn khac nhau.
- Nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia cac td hgp phan bdn dfin ndng suat va yeu td cau thanh nang suat cua gidng ngd nep lai HN88.
- Sa bd hach toan kinh tfi d cac cdng thirc thi nghiem.
- Nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia cac td hgp phan bdn den chat lugng ngd nep luge chin qua thir nem.
PhiroTig phap nghien cmi
Thi nghiem dugc bd tri theo khdi ngau nhien hoan chinh (RCBD) gdm 6 cdng thirc vdi 3 lan nhdc lai (CT 1: HON + SOPjOj + 60K,O;
CT 2: I20N + 6OP2O5 + 7OK2O; CT 3: 130N + 7OP2O5 +,80K2O; CT 4: MON + 8OP3O5 + 9OK2O; CT 5: 150N + 9OP2O5 + IOOK2O; CT 6: I60N -I- 100P2Og + 1IOK2O - Nfin: 3 tin phan vi sinh/ha). Dien ti'ch 1 d la 21 m (5 m x 4,2 m). Khoang each giira cac lan nhac lai I m, khoang each giifa cac d 0,3 m. Gieo 6 hang/d, hang each hang 70 cm, cay each cay 25 cm (mat do 5,7 van cay/ha), gieo 2 hat tren hdc va tia de mgt cay tren hdc. Cac chi tieu theo ddi dugc Tien hanh theo Quy chuan ky thuat qudc gia vd khao nghiem gia trj canh tac va sir dung cua gidng ngd QCVN 01-56:
201I/BNNPTNT; Quy pham khao nghiem tren ddng rugng hieu lyc cua cac loai phan bdn ddi vdi nang suat cay trdng, pham chat ndng san so 10 TCN 216 - 2003.
KET QUA VA T H A O LUAN
Anh hirdng cua liro'ng phan bdn den thdi gian sinh tru'dng cua giong ngo nep lai HN88 vu Xuan 2014 tai Thai Nguyen Ket qua nghien ciru anh hudng cua phan bon den thdi gian sinh trudng qua cac giai doan ciia gidng ngo nep lai HN88 dugc the hi?n trong bang I.
Ket qua d bang I cho thiy: Thdi gian sinh trudng gidng ngd nep HN88 qua cac cdng thirc phan bdn bien dgng tir 103 - 106 ngay.
Trong do cdng thii'c 6 cd thdi gian sinh trudng dai nhat (106 ngay) va ngan nhat la cdng thitc 1 va cong thiic 3 (103 ngay).
Bdn nhieu phan vd co cho gidng ngd nep lai HN88 cd xu hudng keo dai thdi gian sinh trudng.
Bang \. Anh hu&ng cda luang phdn bon din th&i gian sinh tru&ng a giong ngo nip lai HN88 qua cdc giai dogn vu Xudn 2014 lgi Thdi Nguyen
Don vi Ttnh: Ngay Cong thirc
1 2 3 4 5 6
Tung phan 69 69 68 69 69 71
Th6i gian gieo Phun rau
70 70 70 70 70 71
den Chin sira
90 89 90 88 90 90
Ch in sinh If 103 104 103 105 104 106
Lfi Thi Ki^u Oanh vo Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53-60 Anb hirong ciia Itrong phan bon den dac diem hinh thai giong ngo nep lai HNS8 trong vu Xuan 2014 tai Thai Nguyen
Chieu cao cay, chieu cao dong bap
Ket qua theo ddi chieu cao cay va chieu cao ddng bap cua gidng ngd nep Iai HN88 trong thi nghiem dugc trinh bay d bang 2.
Bang 2. Anh huang cua phdn bon den chieu cao cdy vd chieu cao dong bap cua giong ngo HN88 vu Xudn 2014 tgi Thdi Nguyin
Cong thi^c 1 2 3 4 5 6 P LSD,, cv%
Chi6u cao cay (cm) 128,7 129,4 128,3 134,0 132,4 132,6
>0.05 5,4 12.9
Chieu cao dong bap (cm) 55,4' 56,7' 59,1' 57.2'' 58,I"' 58,1"'
<0.05 1,1 1.2
Ty le chieu cao dong bdp/chieu cao cay (%)
43,0 43,8 46,0 42,6 43,8 43,8
Bang 3. Anh hudng cua phdn bdn den so lava chi so dien tich id ciia gidng ngo nep iai HN8S vu Xudn 2014 lai Thdi Nguyfin
Cong thii'c 1 2 3 4 5 6 P CV(%) LSD.c!
So l^/ciy (111) 15,7 15,7 15,9 16,0 16,2 16,1
> 0.05 2.0 O.S
Chi so d i p tich 1^
( m ' \ilm' dat) 2,37' 2,60"
2,70"'' 3 , 0 5 * 3,00"' 3,11'
<0.05 S.2 0,42 Ket qua sd lipu bang 2 cho thay: Chieu cao cay
ciia cac cdng thirc bien dgng tir 128,3 - 132,6 cm. Ket qua xir ly thdng kfi cho thay cac cdng thirc phan bdn klidng anh hudng dfin chieu cao cay ciia gidng ngd nep lai HN88 d mirc dp tin cgy 95%.
Chieu cao ddng bap d cac cdng thuc thi nghi?m bifin dpng tir 55,4 - 59,1 cm. Trong dd cac cdng thirc 3, 5, 6 thudc nhdm cd chieu cao ddng bdp cao nhat dao ddng tit: 58.1 - 59.1 cm. Cdng thiic I cd chifiu cao ddng bap thap nhat (55,4 cm). Ket qua xu !y thdng ke cho thay cac cdng thirc phan bdn cd anh hudng Idn den chieu cao ddng bap chdc chdn d mirc dg tin c^y 95%. Ty I? chifiu cao ddng bdp so vdi chieu cao cay cua cac cdng thirc thi nghidm dat tir 42.6 - 43,8%. Cac cdng thiic thi nghi?m deu cd cliieu cao ddng bdp gan dat tdi uu.
So Id tren cay, chi so diin tich Id Ket qua nghien cuu anh hudng ciia phan bdn den sd la va chi sd difin tich la ciia gidng ngd nep lai HN88 vu Xuan 2014 dugc the hien trong bang 3.
Ket qua bang 3 cho thay: Tdng sd la trfin cay d cac cdng thiic thi nghiem bien ddng tir 15,7 - 16.2 la, Cac cdng thirc cd sd la tren cay tucmg duong nhau chac chdn d miic dp tin cay 95%. Cac miic phan bdn khac nhau khdng anh hudng dfin sd Id tren cay ciia gidng ngd nfip lai HN88.
Chi sd dien tich d cac cdng thiic thi nghiem bifin dpng tir 2,37 - 3,1 ! m'^ la/m' dat Chi sd dien tich Id cd xu hudng tang theo lugng phan bdn, Cac cdng thirc 3, 4, 5, 6 thugc nhdm cd
Lfi Thj Kifiu Oanh vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53-60 chi sd dien tich la cao, cong thiic 1 cd chi sd
dien tich la thap nhSt d miic do tin cay 95%.
Trgng thdi cay, trgng thdi bdp, do bao bdp Ket qua theo doi trang thai cay, trang thai bdp, do bao bdp dugc trinh bay d bang 4.
Qua sd lieu bang 4 cho thay: _ Trang thai cay ciia cac cdng thirc dat tir diem 2 - 3 . Cdng thiic 3, 5, 6 cd trang thai cay tot nhSt danh gia d miic difim 2. Cac cdng thiirc cdn lai cd trang thai cay dugc danh gia d diem 3.
Trang thai bdp: CJ cac cdng thirc thi nghiem cd trang thai bdp tdt dat diem 2. Nhu vay lieu lugng phan bdn khdng anh hudng tdi trang thai bap ciia gidng HN88
Do bao bdp: Ci tat ca cac cdng thiic thi nghiem deu cd do bao bap tdt dat diem 2.
Nhu vay phan bdn cung khdng anh hudng tdi dd bao bap cua gidng HN88.
Anh hirdng cOa phan bon den kba nang chong chiu sau, benb hai va kba nang chdng do cua giong ngo HN88 vu Xuan 2014 tai Thai Nguyen
Anh hu&ng cua luffng phan bon den tinh hinh sdu binh hgi ciia gidng ngo HN88 vu Xudn 2014 tgi Thdi Nguyin
Qua theo ddi tinh hinh sau b|nh gay hai d cac cdng thirc thi nghiem cho thay cay ngd bi sau
due than, sau cdn rau va benh kho van. Ket qua theo doi thfi hien qua bang 5.
Ket qua bang 5 cho thdy: Cac cdng thirc thi nghiem deu bi sau due than gay hai, nhung d miic do thdp (diSm 1), sau cdn rau gay hai d muc dp nang hon danh gia d muc diem 2 - 3 , Cong thiic 5, 6 bj sau cdn rau gay hai nang hon ca, danh gia diem 3. Dieu do cho thay cdng thiic bdn phan dam cao (cdng thiic 5-6) ty le sau gay hai nang.
Benh khd vfin: Cac cdng thiic thi nghiem dfiu bi nhilm benh khd van nhung d miic do nhe, dao dgng tir 3,3 - 7,3%. Ty le nhiem benh kho vdn cua eac cdng thiic thi nghiem d miic dp nhe va khdng lam anh hu'dng tdi ndng suit cua ngd.
Anb hirong cua phan bdn den nang suat va cac yeu to cau thanh nang suat cua giong ngo nep lai HN88 vu Xuan 2014 tai Thai Nguyen Nghien ciiu nang suit la mgt trong cac muc tieu quan trgng nhat cua cdng tac chpn tao gidng. Ket qua nghien ciru nang suat va yfiu td cau thanh nang su§t thfi hien d bang 6 va 7.
Bang 4. Anh hu&ng ciia phdn ton din trang thdi cdy, trgng thdi bap, do bao bap ciia gidng ngo nep lai HN88 vu Xudn 2014 lgi Thdi Nguyin
Dan vi linh: Diem 1-5 Cong thii'c Trang thdi cay Trang thai bap PQ bao bap
Bang 5. Anh hu&ng cita phdn bon den linh hinh sdu binh hai ciia giong ngo HN88 vu Xudn 2014 lgi Thdi Nguyen
Cong thirc 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sau due than (diem 1 - 5)
Sau cSn (di€m 1 2 2 2 2 3 3
rau - S )
Kho van (%) 7,0 5,0 3,3 7,3 6 0
U Thi Kieu Oanh va Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53 - 60 Bdng 6. Ndng sudt bap tttai vd ndng sudt thdn Id ciia giong ngo nep lai HN88
a cdc cdng thtic thi nghiem
Cong thirc NS bap tiroi (ta/ha) NS than [j (ta/ha)
1 2 3 4 5 6 P CV(%) LSD,3
70,8 81,5'"
85,8"' 92,1' 8 6 , 5 "
SSi''
<0,05 6,0 9,1
96,5' 102,8"
115,9"
119,7' 122,8' 127,8"
<0,05 6,4 13,2 gl.Anh huang cua phdn bdn den cdc yeu td cdu thdnh ndng sudt vd ndng sudt
cua gidng ngd HN88 vu Xudn 2014 tai Thdi Nguyen
C6ng thirc
So bap/
cSy C h i l u dai bap
(cm) Dirfifng kinh bap
(cm) So hang/
bap
(ha"p
S 6 h a t / hang (hat)
P 1.000 h a t ( g )
NSLT (ta/ha)
NSTT (ta/ha) 1
2 3 4 5 6 P CV(%) LSD I,
0,95 0,98 0,95 1,00 0,92 0,93
>0.05 3,2 0,1
13,4"
12,8' 13,1' 14,0"
1 4 , 1 "
15,2"
<0.05 5,6 1,4
3,8 3,9 3,9 4,1 4,1 4,1
>0.05 3.5 0.3
11,2' 11,9"
11,8"
12,5"
12,5"
11,9"
<0.05 2,9 0,6
23,6' 24,6' 2 6 , 5 "
29,0"
29,3"
29,1"
<-0,0S 7.9 3.9
300,0 280,0 290.0 303,3 293,3 293,3
>0.05 35.3
«.«
43,0"
4 5 , 5 "
48,7'°' 62,6"
5 6 , 7 "
54,2"''
<0,05 103
9,1 24,7' 2 6 , 8 "
2 8 , 0 "
37,8' 3 2 , 4 "
3 3 , 1 "
<0.05 11.4 6.3 Nang suat bap tuffi
Kfit qua bang 6 cho thay ndng suat bap tuoi cua giong ngd nfip H N 8 8 d cac cdng thiic phan bdn bifin d g n g tir 7,08 - 9,21 tdn/ha. Cac cdng thiic phan bdn 3 , 4, 5, 6 thugc nhdm cd ndng suat bap t u a i c a o nhat, cdng t h u c I cd ndng suat bdp t u a i thap nhat chac chdn d m u c dg tin cay 95%).
N h u vay phan bdn cd anh h u d n g rat Idn den ndng suat bap tuoi ciia gidng ngd nep HN88, Nang sudt bdp tuoi cao nhat d cdng thiic 4 (I40N + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/lia) dat 9,21 tdn/ha, tuy nhien khi lugng phan bdn tiep luc tang len thi ndng suat bat dau giam xudng.
Ndng suh thdn Id
Ndng suat than la cua giong ngd nep HN88 dao dgng tir 9,65 - 12,78 tan/ha. Cdng thiic 1 (1 ION + 5OP2O5 + 60K2O/ha) va c d n g thirc 2 ( I 2 0 N + 6OP2O5 + 70K2O/ha) thudc nhdm cd ndng suat than la thdp nhat chdc chdn d mirc dp tin c | y 9 5 % . C a c c d n g thiic 3 ( I 3 0 N + 7OP2O5 + SOKiO/ha), c d n g thirc 4 (140N +
8OP3O5 + 90K2O/ha), cdng thirc 5 (ISON + 9OP2O5 + 100K2O/ha) va cdng thirc 6 ( I 6 0 N + IOOP2O5 + 110K2O/ha) thugc nhdm cd nang sudt than la cao nhat. Dieu nay chiing td rang khi lugng phan bdn vd c a tang thi ndng suat than Id c u n g tdng.
Sd lieu bang 7 cho thay:
Sd bdp trfin cay dao d d n g tir 0,92 - 1,00 bdp.
Ket qua x u ly thdng ke cho thay cac cdng thiic phan bdn khac nhau cd sd bap/cay khdng cd sy sai khac chdc chan d dd tin cay 9 5 % . Chieu dai bap cua cac cdng thuc bifin dgng tir 12,8 - 15,2 cm, chieu dai bdp ciia cac cdng thiic thi nghiem cd xu h u d n g tang theo lugng phan bdn T r o n g dd, cdng thiic 4, 5, 6 thugc nhdm cd chieu dai bdp t u o n g d u o n g nhau va cao hon cac cdng thirc cdn lai chac chdn d do tin cay 95%i.
Cac c d n g thirc cd d u d n g kinh bdp bien dpng tir 3,8 - 4,1 cm, t u o n g ducmg nhau d mirc dp tin cay la 9 5 % . Difiu dd chimg td cac cdng thiic phan bdn khac nhau khdng anh h u d n g dfin d u d n g kinh bap ciia gidng ngd HN88
57
Lfi Thj Kifiu Oanh vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53-60 Sd hang tren bdp ciia cdng thijc thi nghiem
dao dgng tir 11,2 - 12,5 cm. Cdng thiic 1 cd sd hang tren bap thap nhdt (11,2 cm), thap hon cac cong thiic cdn lai chac chan d miic do tin cay 95%. Dieu nay cho thay sd hang tren bap ciing bi anh hudng bdi lugng phan bdn.
So hat tren hang ciia gidng ngd nfip HN88 qua cac cdng thirc thi nghiem bien dgng tir 23,6 - 29,3 hat. Cac cdng thirc 4, 5, 6 cd so hat tren hang tuong duong nhau va cao hem cac cdng thuc 1, 2 chdc chan d mure do tin cay 95%).
Nhu vay lugng phan bdn khac nhau anh hudng tdi sd hat tren hang ddi vdi gidng ngd nfip lai HN88.
Khdi lugng 1.000 hat cua gidng ngd nep lai HN88 d cac cdng thuc thi nghiem dao ddng tir 280,0 - 303,3g. Tuy nhien kdt qua xii ly thong ke cho thdy cac cdng thirc phan bdn khdng anh hudng dfin khdi lugng nghin hat cua gidng ngd HN88 chdc chan d miic do tin cay 95%.
Nang suat ly thuyfit (hat kho) a cac cdng thirc thi nghiem cd sy chenh lech nhau nhieu, dao dgng tir 43,0 - 62,6 ta/ha. Trong do cong thirc 4 cd nang suit ly thuydt (62,6 ta/ha) cao han cdng thiJc I, 2, 3 va tirong ducmg vdi cdng thiic 5,6 chdc chdn d muc do tin c^y 95%.
Nang suat thyc thu (hat khd) cua cac cdng thiic thi nghiem dao dong tir 24,7 - 37,8 ta/ha.
Cong thuc 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/ha) cd nang suat thyc thu cao hon so vdi cdng thiic 1, 2, 3 va tuong duong vdi cdng thirc 5,6 chdc chdn d mirc dp tin cay 95%». Ket qua nghien cuu nay triing vdi ket qua cila TrSn Trung Kien(2D14)[3].
So" bo bach toan kinb te ciia cac cong tbirc phan bon
De danh gia chinh xac hieu qua ciia san xuat, hach toan kinh te se giai quyet dugc van de nay. Ket qua dugc thfi hien trong bang 8.
Illlll
5 5Hinh 1. Bieu do nang sudt thuc thu cua giong ngo nip HN88 Bang 8. Hieu qud kinh le cda cdc cong thiirc phdn bon khdc nhau
(linh theo sdn phdm bdp tuoi)
Dan vi tinh: Dong C o n g thiic
1 2 3 4 5 6
T o n g chi 18.360.500 18.984.600 19.607.750 20.229.900 20.854.000 21.477 150
T o n g thu 150.440.000 161.102.000 157.795.000 197.166.000 185.332.000 171.810.000
Lai thu^n 132.079.500 142.117.400 138.187.250 176.936.100 164.478.000 150.332.850
Lfi Thj Kifiu Oanh vd Dtg T51P chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 5 3 - 6 0 Bang 9. Chdi lu^mg thir nim ddi v g ngo nip lai HN88 qua cdc cong thuc phdn bon
Dan vi linh: Diem 1-5
Cong thirc Dp deo Dp ngot Mdu s^c hat b
lupc 3
2 2 2 1 1
3 2 2 2 1 1
3 2 2 2 I 1 Qua ket q u a thu d u g c cho thay: Lai thuan dat
cao nhat d cdng t h u c 4 (176.936.100 ddng/ha).
Tifip den la cdng thirc 5 va cdng thiic 6 cd lai thuin ldn lugt la 164.478.000 dong/ha va
150.332.850 ddng/ha, N h u vay, lugng phan bdn thich hgp va cho hieu qua kinh te cao nhat d giong ngd nfip lai H N 8 8 la MON + 8OP2OS + 90K2O/ha.
C h a t l i r o n g c u a g i o n g n g o n e p lai H N 8 8 q u a c a c c d n g t h i r c p b a n b d n
Bang 9 cho thay: Chdt l u g n g ciia gidng ngd nfip lai H N 8 8 d cac mirc phan bdn cd su thay doi rd rpt. C d n g t h d c 5 va 6 cd chat lugng thir nem la tdt nhat, an rat d e o , h u o n g vi rat thom, vj dam tdt va rat nggt d u g c danh gia d diem I.
Cdng thirc 2, 3 va 4 cd dg deo trung binh, tham, vi dam kha va nggt d u g c danh gia d diem 2. C o n g thirc 1 dn hai deo, do t h a m , va dp dam trung binh va ngpt vira. N h u vay, phan bdn khong chi anh h u d n g nang sudt ma cdn anh h u d n g den chat l u g n g ngd nep lupc, bdn dil phan va can ddi se lam tang chat lupng ngd nep.
KET LUAN
- Thdi gian sinh trudng ciia gidng ngd nfip lai HN88 bifin dpng khdng nhifiu (103 - 1 0 6 ngay), - Cac cdng thirc phan bdn khac nhau khdng dnh hudng nhifiu den d^c diem hinh thai (chieu cao cay, chifiu cao d d n g bdp, sd la) cua gidng ngd nep H N 8 8 .
- Vy Xuan 2014 xuat hien 3 loai sau bfinh hai chinh la sau dye than, sau can rau, bfinh khd vdn, Muc dg n h i l m sau, b?nh cd xu hudng tang nh? theo lugng phan bdn.
- Ndng suat bap tuoi ciia gidng ngd nfip H N 8 8 d cac c d n g thirc phan bdn bifin d g n g tir 7,08 - 9,21 t a n ^ a . C d n g thiic 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/ha) cho ndng suat bap t u a i cao nhat va nang suat giam dan d cac miic bdn cao hon hoac thap hem cdng thiic nay.
- Ndng s u i t hat khd dat cao nhat d cdng thiic 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/ha) - 37,8 ta/ha.
- Hifiu qua kinh te cao nhat d c d n g thirc 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + 90K2O/ha) dat lai thudn 176.936.100 ddng/ha, Tifip den la cdng thirc 5 va 6 lai thuan ldn lugt la 164.478,000 ddng/ha v a i 50.332,850 ddng/ha.
- Chat l u g n g thir nem tdt nhdt d cdng thiic 5 va 6 danh gia mirc difim 1, cac cdng thirc cdn lai danh gid chat tugng m u c diem 2 va 3 .
TAI LIEU T H A M K H A O 1, Berzenyi, Z,, Gyorff, B (1996), ^'Anh huong ciia cac yeu to trong trpt khac nhau den nang sudt ngo", Bdo Nong nghiep vd Cong nghe thuc phdm, 7(199), Tr. 5,
2, BUI Huy Hifin (2002), "Tinh hinh su dung phan bdn 6 Viet Nam va vai tro ciia phan hon hop NPK khi bdn day du va can doi de tham canh cdy trdng va bao ve moi trudng", Hoi thao sdn xudt vd .sir dung phdn bon Ldm Thao, HaNpi 3 Tran Trung Kien (2014), "Anh hudng cua phan bon den nang suat va chat lupng ciia giong ngo nep tai HN88 tai Thai Nguyen", Tap chi Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Dai hgc Thdi Nguyen. Tap 119, Sd 05/2014, Tr 29-34.
4. Trdn Trung Kifin. Phan Xuan Hao, Do Tuan Khiem (2008), "Anh hudng ciia cac lieu lugng dam, lan, kali den ndng suat va chat lupng protein ciia giong ngd chat lupng protein cao (QPM) - QP4 va ngd thudng - LVNIO tai Thai Nguyen", Tgp chi Ndng nghiip vd phdt Inen ndng thon. So 11 - T h a n g 11/2008, Tr 3 6 - 4 7 .
Le Thi Kifiu Oanh vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 53 - 60
SUMMARY
STUDY ON EFFECTS OF FERTn.IZER ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, YIELD AJVD QUALITY OF STICKY HYBRID MAIZE VARIETY IIN88 IN SPRING 2014 IN THAI NGUYEN
Le Thj Kieu Oanh', Tran Trung Kien'*, Tran Van Dien', Ngo Manh Tien^
'College of Agriculture and Forestry - TNU
^ People's Committee of Tan Thanh ward. Thai Nguyen City The experiment was carried out in the spring crop of 2014 in Gia Sang Ward, Thai Nguyen City with 6 treahnents including treatment I (HON + 5OP2O5 + dOKiO/ha), treatment 2 (120N + 6OP2O5 + 70K2O/ha), treatment 3 (I30N + 7OP2O5 + SOKiO/ha), treatment 4 (MON + 8OP2O5 + gOKzO/ha), treatment 5 (150N + 9OP2O5 + lOOKjO/ha), treatment 6 (160N + IOOP2O5 + llOKzO/ha) and 3 tons micro-bio compose on each treatment. The experimental results showed that the different fertilizer rates did not much affect on growing duration and morphological characteristics of sticky hybrid maize HN88, pest tolerant ability tended to decrease with the increase of fertilizer; the fresh yield was from 70,8 to 92,1 quintal/ha. The highest fresh yield and dry grain yield were in treatment 4 (MON + 8OP3O5 + gOKjO/ha) with values 92.1 and 37.8 quintal/ha, respectively; economic efficiency was highest in the treatment 4; treatment 5 and 6 showed the best tasting quality.
Key words: Fertilizer. HN88, quality, sticky maize. Thai Nguyen, yield
Ngdy nhdn bdi. 16/7/2014; Ngdy phdn bien: 30/7/2014: Ngdy duyet ddng- 20/8/2014
Phdn biin khoa Iwc: PGS TS. Nguyin Huu Hdng - Tru&ng Dgi hoc Nong Ldm - DH Thai Nguyen
Tel 0983 360276. Email kienngodhnl^
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