7 chi Khoa hoc Co^g nghe None -g - '^p Viet Nam -So 4(113)72020
NGHIEN c u t ; DANH GIA TAP DOAN DONG THUAN PHVC VU CONG TAG CHON TAO GIONG NGO CHO SAN XUAT
TRONG NTjdC VA XUAT KHAU
Ta Thi Thuy Dung'. Nguyen Van TrUdng', Xgo Thi Minh Tam', Nguyen Phuc Quyet', Nguy Thi HUong Lan',
Nguyen Thi Anh Thu'. Xgmen Ngoc Diep'. Bui Manh Cudng' TOM TAT
Ket qud ddnh gia tap doan gdm 27 ddng ngd thuan va 3 eay thfl da xac dinh 18/27 ddng va 3 cay thd cd cdc dac tinh ndng hpc lot, it nhiem sau b?nh hai va chiu han tdt, ed nang suat eao tren 30 ta/ha. Danh gia kha nang ket hdp ve nang suat da xde dinh dupc 03 dongXKM.l 1, XK14.4 vd XK14.15 cd gia tri kha nang ket hpp chung (g^) cao. Cdc ddng cd kha ndng ket hdp rieng cao vdi cay thd 1 la XK14.2. XKI4.I0; Vdi eay thfl 2 la XK14.18, XK14.12; Vdi ciy thfl 3 la XK14.86, XK14.92, XK14.20, XK14.87. XK14.88 va XK14 3. Ba ddng ed phUdng sai kha nang kel hpp rieng (crj cao nhat la XK14.86, XK14.92 va XK14.2. Ket qua khao sat 81 to hdp lai dinh da tuyen chpn dUpc 3 td hpp lai trien vpng cho myc tieu phdt trien gidng mdi: Khdng bi nhiem benh kho van, nhiem nhe benh ddm la, ri sdt. sau keo mua Thu, chm han tdt va ed nang suat trung binh tren 100 ta/ha la XK14.4 x CTl (101,9 ta/ha). XK14.11 x CTl (101.0 ta/ha). XK14.86 x CT3 (100,5 ta/ha).
Tu' khda: Ngd, ddng thuan. klia nang ket hop, nang suat cao I. DAT VAN DE
Nhflng nam gan day, Viet Nam phdi nhap khau mpt lupng ldn ngd hat phuc vu cae nganh che bien vd chdn nudi. Trong khi dd, viee sdn xuat ngd trong nUdc dang gap nhieu ban che, dien tich trdng ngd ed xu hudng giam dan, tac ddng tieu cUe eua bien ddi khi hau vd djeh benh dan den viec canh ldc ngd ngay cdng khd khan.
Ap Ifle tfl sdn xuat ngd trong nfldc ddi hdi nhflng gidng mdi phdi ed mdt sd dde diem quan trpng nhfl nang suat cao, ehdng chiu bat thuan tdt va thieh dng rpng, dd cung Id tieu chi chpn tao gidng ngd d mpl sd qude gia cd dieu kien sdn xuat tflPng tfl Viet Nam.
Tfl nhflng thay doi eda sdn xuat ngd trong nfldc, dinh hfldng xuat kliau hat gidng ngd sang cac nfldc lan can nhu Trung Qude vd Lad cung da dddc cac nha quan ly vd cae nhd chpn tao gidng ngd efla nUdc ta quan tam vd dau tfl nghien cdu. Trung Qude la qudc gia nhap khau hang dau ve ngd gidng, nUde nay nhap 350 tdn gidng ngd nien vu 2014/2015 vd 366 tan trong nien vu 2015/2016 (USDA, 2017). Ddi vdi Ldo, hien nay chu yeu sfl dung gidng thu phan tu do vd cae gidng ngd lai ed ngudn gdc td Viet Nam.
Dde tinh efla gidng dddc ndng dan cae vflng trong ngd tai Trung Qudc vd Ldo quan tam dau tien la nang suat eao. tiep den la ehiu han, ehdng ehiu sdu benh tdt va cd kha nang thich flng rdng. Vi vay, viee ehpn Ipc dUdc bd ddng ngd flu tu cd kha nang ket hdp cao ve ndng suat. phuc vu chpn tao gidng nang suat eao, ehdng ehiu tdt, thich flng rdng de phat trien gidng
phuc vu xuat khau vd san xuat trong nfldc dfldc tap trung nghien edu.
II. VAT LIEU VA PHl/CfNG PHAP NGHlfiN CtfU 2.1. Vdt lieu nghien edu
- 27 ddng ngd thuan. trong dd: 26 ddng dupe tao ra bdng phuong phdp tU phdi (> S6) tfl cac giong ngd lai thfldng mai; 01 dong dfldc tao ra tfl nudi cay bad phan la XK14.10 (Bang I).
- 03 eay thd la cae ddng TRD431 (CTl), B67 (CT2) vd MB (CT3) (Bang 1).
- Cae td hpp lai dinh tao ra tfl 27 ddng ngd thuan va 3 cay thd;
- 02 gidng ddi chflng la NK7328 vd CP511.
2.2. Phddng phdp nghien cdu
- PhUdng phap danh gia ddng ngd: Cae ddng dupe bd tri hen tiep khdng nhdc lai 15 - 20 hang/
ddng phuc \ai cdng tac ddnh gid vd lai tao.
- Phfldng phap danh gia kha ndng ket hdp ve nang suat hat: Ap dung phfldng phap Iai dinh (tdpcross).
Xfl ly sd lieu bang ehfldng trinh Di truyen sd Ifldng cua Ngd Hflu Tinh va Nguyen Dinh Hien (1996).
- Phfldng phdp khao sat ede to hpp lai dinh: Bd tri thi nghiem theo khdi ngau nhien day du (RCBD) vdi 3 lan nhdc lai, trong vu Thu 2019.
- Phfldng phap thu thap va xfl ly sd lieu: Theo CIMMYT (1985) va Quy chuan QCVN 01 -56: 2011 - BNNPTNT. Sd lieu xfl ly thdng ke bang cae ehUdng trinh Excel vd IRRISTAT 5.0.
' Men Nghien cflu Ngd
Bang 1. Danh sach vd nguon gdc Ddng Nguon goc vat lieu XK14.1 Vien Nghien cflu Ngd XK 14.2 Vien Nghien cdu Ngd XK14 3 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N XK14 4 Cdng ty TNHH S>-ngenta VN XK14.5 Vien Nghien edu Ngd XK 14.6 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta X'N XK14.7 Vien Nghien cflu Ngd XK14 8 Cdng ty TNHH Hat gidng CP \'N XKI4.9 C.ty TNHH Pioneer Hi-Bred \ N XK14.10 Cdng ty Paeiffic Thai Lan XK14.11 Vien Nghien cdu Ngo XK14.12 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta VN XK14.14 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta VN XK14.I5 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N XK14.16 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta VN 2.3. Thdi gian va dja diem nghien cdu
- Vu Xuan 2019: Nghien cflu danh gia ddng va lai tao tai Vi?n Nghien cflu Ngd - Ha Npi.
- Vp Thu 2019: Nghien edu ddnh gid cdc td hdp lai dinh vd phdn tich kha nang ket hpp eda cae ddng ngd tai Vien Nghien cflu Ngd - Hd Npi.
III. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Dac diem ndng hpc cua cac ddng ngd nghien cdu Ve thdi gian smh trfldng (TGST) vd dac diem hinh thdi cua ede ddng (bang 2) eho eho thay: Cdc ddng cd TGST thude nhdm trung ngdy, dao ddng tfl 109 den 118 ngay trong vu Xuan 2019; Ddng XK14.1, XK14.4 ngdn ngdy nhat, ddng XK14.23 vd XK14.25 dai ngay nhat. Chieu eao cdy cua cac ddng dao ddng id 120.2 - 207.4 em; Chieu eao ddng bdp (DB) tfl 61,0 - 111,6 cm. Ty le ddng bdp tren thdn d mde tddng ddi phfl hdp, dao ddng td 44,0 - 59,2*'o.
Ty le ndy cao hdn cae ddng trong nghien cflu eda Nguyen The Hung vd cdng tac vien (2009) d mdc 35 - 53'\>. Nhin chung chieu cao eay vd chieu cao ddng bap eua eac ddng thuan Idi eho qud trinh nhan ddng vd san xuat hat lai. Hau het ede ddng cd dang hat da vdng, 3 ddng cd dang hat rang ngfla vang Id XK14.16. XKI4 86 va XK14.92.
ae ddng ngd nghien cflu
Doni; Ngudn goc vat lieu XK14 18 Vien Nghien cflu Ngd XK14.19 Cdng ty TNHH Monsanto \ N XK14 20 Cdng ty TNHH Bioseed VN XK 14 22 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N XK14 23 \'ien Nghien cuu Ngd XK14 24 \'ien Nghien edu Ngd XK14 25 Vi^n Nghien edu Ngd XK 14 84 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta VN XK 14.86 Cdng ly TNHH Syngenta VN XK! 4 87 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N XK14.88 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N XK i 4 92 Cdng ty TNHH Syngenta \'N CTl TRD43I (cay thfl 1) CT2 [ B67(cdythfl2) CT3 MB (cay Ihfl 3)
Danh gia kha nang chdng chju cua cac ddng d bang 2 cho thay: Mpt sd ddng ngd bi nhiem rat nh?
den nhe b?nh khd vdn; Vu Xuan 2019 xuat hien dich sau keo mfla Thu {Spodoptera frugiperda) bflng phdt d ngd, nen hau het ede ddng deu bi dnh hfldng, 5ddngXK14.4,XK14.11,XK14.15,XK14.86,XKl4.92 va cay thd CTl chdng ehiu tdt vdi sdu keo mua Thu (diem 1), 4 ddng kha man edm la XK14.2. XK14.8, XK14.5, XK14 12 (diem 4). Cdc ddng deu ed khd ndng chm han tdt.
Cac ddng cd chieu dai bap dao ddng tfl 9,0 - 15,6 em.
ddng XK14.22 cd bdp ddi nhat. Dddng kinh (DK) bdp efla cac ddng bien ddng td 3,4 - 4,3 em, trong dd ddng XK14.19 ed dfldng kinh bdp la Idn nhat. 7 ddng cd sd hang hat tren 14 hdng/bap; Ddng XK14.86 cd sd hat/hdng nhieu nhat la 30,2. 11 ddng cd khdi Iddng 1000 hat tren 300g; Ty le hat/bap cua eac ddng dao ddng tfl 63,5 - 78,5%, XK14.10 la ddng cd ty le hat/bdp eao nhat (78,5%). Nang suat hat khd eda cdc ddng dao ddng tfl 20,6 ta/ha (XK 14.9) den 39,9 ta/ha (XK14.92), 18 ddng cd nang sual cao tren 30 ta/ha va 3 cay thfl deu ed nang sual hat cao tren 35 ta/ha (Bang 3).
'GO chi Khoa noc Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - 564{] ] 3)/2G20
Bang 2. Thdi gian sinh trUdng. dac diem ndng hpc va kha nang chdng chiu ciia eac ddng ngd nghien edu trong vu Xuan 2019 tai Ha Ndi T T
'^^^
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 i 20 21 1 22 23 24 25 26 27 \ 28 29 30
D6ng XK14.1 XK14.2 XK14.3 XK14.4 XK14.5 XK14.6 XK14.7 XK14.8 XK14.9 XK14.10 XK14.11 XK14.12 XK14.14 XK14,15 XK14.16 XK14.18 XK14.19 XK14.20 XK14.22 XK14.23 XK14.24 XK14.25 XK14.84 XK14.86 XK14.87 XK14.88 XK14.92 C T l CT2 CT3
TGST (ngay) 109 116 112 114 117 112 112 110 114 115 112 117 109 117 114 112 116 114 115 118 112 118 114 112 116 110 110 114 112 116
C a o cay (cm) 148,4 143,0 193,8 133,6 157,6 207,4 184,4 164.8 153,6 149,2 152,2 167,4 183,6 141,2 153,4 168,8 127,4 152,0 162,0 138,6 146,4 120,2 158,6 173,4 141,4 176,2 144,4 163,8 134,0 176,2
C a o D B (cm)
66,2 83,4 103,4 78,8 75,2 111,6 91,6 80,4 91,0 77,6 86,0 87,6 82,2 69,2 89,6 99,8 72,2 78,2 81,2 61,0 70,0 59,4 73,2 99,4 75,2 89,0 75,6 74.0 73,8 79,0
Ty !e d o n g b a p / t h a n
(%)
44,6 58,3 53,4 59,0 47,7 53,8 49,7 48,8 59,2 52,0 56,5 52,3 44,8 49,0 58,4 59,1 56,7 51,4 50,1 44,0 47,8 49,4 46,2 57,3 53,2 50,5 52,4 45,2 55,1 44,8
K h o v i n
(%)
0 0 0 0 0 0 2,2 8,9 0 0 0 0 2,2
0 0 4,4 0 0 0 4,4
0 0 0 4,4
0 4,4 0 0 0 0
Sau keo m u a I h u (diem)
2 4 2 1 4 2 2 4 3 3 1 4 2 1 3 2 2 f 2 3 2 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 2 2
Chju h a n (diem)
[ 1 1,5
1
'
1
1
,
1,5 1 1
_ '
1
Nhd vay, qua ket qua ddnh gia cdc dac diem ndng thuan tdt va cd nang suat hat khd 6 mde kha cao, sinh hoc, khd nang chdng chiu va nang suat cua tap dieu ndy rat thuan Idi cho cdng tae tao gidng ndng doan ddng edng tae eho thay cdc ddng cd chieu eao suat cao, thich dng rdng.
cay, chieu cao ddng bap trung binh, chdng ehiu bat
lap chi Khoa hoc ' • i-y
T T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
D o n g XK14 1 XK142 XK14.3 XKI4.4 XK14.5 XK14.6 XK14.7 XK14 8 XK14.9 XK14.10 XKI4.11 XK14 12 XK14.14 XK14.15 XK14.16 XK14.18 XK14.19 XK14.20 XK14.22 XK14.23 XK14.24 XK14.25 XK14.S4 XK14.86 XK14..S7 XK14.S8 XK14.92 C T l CT2 CT3
i-.o-g^g^e
Bang 3 cua cac Dai b i p
11.1 13,1 13,0 12,6 12,7 11,7 12,8 12.3 9,0 11,9 13,2 13,2 12,7 15,0 13,0 9,4 10,6 10,6 15,6 12,2 10,9 12,9 11,1 13.6 15,4 11,5 14,5 13,0 12,5 12,0
p\'el \3m-S •i4(U3)/2020
M6t so yeu to cau thanh nang suit va nang suat dong nghien cijtu trong \TI Xuan 2019 t ^ Hd Noi
D K b a p (cm)
4,0 4,0 3,9 3,8 3,5 3,4 3,5 3,8 3,6 3,6 3,7 3,9 3,7 3,7 3,8 3,9 4,3 3,7 3.7 3,4 3,6 3,5 3,7 3,6 3,7 3,8 3,8 4,0 4,0 3,8
So hang hat 16,4 11,6 15,6 12,4 10,0 10,0 10,0 14,0 11.2 12,0 14,0 12,4 12,0 11,6 13,6 12,8 16,0 13,6 11,2 9,2 14,8 13,2 12.8 12,8 12,4 13,2 12,8 13,2 12,8 14,0
So hat/
hang 22.2 26.4 23,0 25.2 24,6 24,8 25,6 25,2 15,4 24,4 26,0 23,2 26,0 29,4 19,8 22,6 25,2 23,8 26,8 19,0 24,8 19,6 23,2 30,2 26,8 23,4 25,2 28,3 25,8 24,3
Ty If hat/
b i p (%) 67,4 69,6 71,5 75,6 69,5 69,5 77,3 74,0 68,0 78,5 73,7 67,3 66,1 70,0 64,0 70,7 70,6 75,7 69,5 63,5 70,8 65,0 68,9 76,1 72,4 74,0 75,2 75,8 77,5 74,7
PIOOO hat
_(e)
265 225 330 350 250 300 230 250 300 300 340 250 300 220 297 235 245 280 285 180 250 270 290 300 250 275 350 325 300
Ndng suat (l«/ha)
'"*
34,8 37.4 31,5 26,5 33,4 34,0 20,6 35,9 3S.4 30,6 30,2 39,6 25,7 29,4 36,3 33,9 29,7 25,5 28,4 27,0 26,3 39,2 33,8 35,6 39,9 38,7 37,1 35,3 3.2. Ket qua danh gia kha nang ket htfp ve nang Phan tich ve gia tri phiidng sai kha nang ket suat hat cua cac dong nghien ciiu hgp rieng (o^J) cho thay co sii bien dpng ldn gifla Phan tich, danh gia kha nang ket hgp (KNKH) cac dong nghien cilu. 7 dong co gia tri g'^^ cao trong chung ve nang suat hat thong qua thi nghiem lai ^° dong XK14.86 dat gia tri cao nhat (448,607), dinh thu dugc ket qua iihil hlnh 1. Co su sai khac tiep theo la cac dong XK14.92 (287,108) va XK14.2 CO y nghia \ e kha nang ket hgp chung cua cac dong (253,748). Gia tri o-^^ bien dpng ldn la bieu hien kha nghien cflu. Trong bg dong nghien cflu c6 13 dong nang ket hgp rieng cua dong vcli cac cay thfl khac dat gia tri KNKH chung dUPng, trpng dp dpng nhau co sfl khac biet rp ret. Trong thi nghiem, dong XK14.11 CO gia tri cao nhat (g^ = 15,260), tiep den co kha nang ket hgp rieng cao v6i CTl la XK14.2 ladgngXK14.4(lI,793)vad6ngXK14.15(10,116). (19,347), XK14.I0 (10,136); vdi CT2 la: XK14.18 Trong 3 cay thfl thi 2 cay thfl CO gia tri KNKH chung (12.534), XK14.12 (9,536); vdi CT3 la XK14.86 dflgng la CTl (3,619) va CT3 (5,537), cay thfl 2 124,174), XK14.92 (16,819), XK14.20 (12,841), cd gi.i tri KXKH chung am (-9,156), LSD„„ ^__^^, - XK14.87 (10,368), XK14.88 (10,208) va XK14 3 8.5:9. LSD . ^,.,^,, = 6,196. (10,008) (Bang4).
Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong
^ ^ s s ^ ^ s ^ ^
Hinh 1. Bieu do gia tri kha nang ket hdp chung (g) ve nang suat hat eua eac ddng nghien cdu trong vu Thu 2019 tai Dan PhUdng. Ha Ndi
Bang 4. Gia tri klia nang ket hpp rieng cua ddng vdi cay thfl va phUdng sal kha nang ket hpp rieng ve nang suat cua cae ddng (Vu Thu 2019 lai Dan PhUdng. Ha Npi)
T T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Ten d o n g
XK14.1 XK14.2 XK14.3 XK14.4 XK14.5 XK14.6 XK147 XK14.8 XK14.9 XK14.10 XK14.11 XK14.12 XK14.14 XK14.15
Kha n a n g ket h g p rieng cua D 6 n g x Cay thfl Cay Cay Cay thill thii2 thil3 6,970 -0,788 -6,181 19,347
-13,975 4,547 -3,097 -2,186 5,981 5,514 0,558 10,136 0,147 2,336 -6,353 -8,875
-8,677 3,967 0,723 -0,155 7,989 -0,544 -2,644 2,267 -3,322 9,356 1,045 1,789 7,934
-10,670 10,008 -5,270 3,252 -5,803 -5,437 -2,870 -2,826 -6,814 -9,503 -3,.381 4,563 0,941
P h u g n g sai K N K H
rieng _ ( < i y _
15,717 253,748 127,612 -3,498 -17,887 23,159 4,826 -5,168 -21,267 52,122 60.950 -18,994 4,207 43.313
T T
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Ten d o n g
XK14.I6 XK14 18 XK14 19 XK14.20 XK14.22 XK14.23 XK14.24 XK14.25 XK14.84 XK14.86 XK14.87 XK14.88 XK14.92 i S D „
Kha nan:
D o Cdy thil
I 0,603 -7,765 7,603 -7,397 1,125 3,547 4,514 4,036 1,036 -18,275
2,470 -14,357
1,736 ket h g p ng X Cay Cay thil
2 4,178 12,534 3,778 6,145 -13,966
0,389 -3.977 -0.122 5,245 -5,900 -12.855 4,167 -18,555
14,774 rieng cua h f l
Cdy tha 3 -4,781 -4,859 -11,381 1,252 12,841 -3,937 -0,537 -3,914 -6,281 24,174 10,386 10,208 16,819
Phfldng sai K N K H
ri^ng __ (d'.,) -7,645 91,819 72,819 19,038 152,624 -13,868 -9,742 -12,170 6,033 448,607 111,623 136,117 287,108
Nhu vay, ket qud phdn tich da xde dinh dddc cae ddngXK14.4, XK14.1I, XK14.15 ed gia tri kha ndng ket hpp chung cao va ede ddng XK14.2, XK14.86, XK14.92 ed phupng sai kha nang ket hdp rieng cao ve nang suat, ede ddng nay ed the sd dung trong cae thi nghiem lai tao de .tae dinh dflpc ede to hdp lai cd nang suat eao.
3.3. Ket qua khao sat cac to hdp lai dinh Ket qua khao sal 81 to hpp lai dinh trong vu Thu 2019, eho thay: Cac td hpp lai ed thdi gian sinh trfldng thude nhdm ngdn den trung ngdy (td 101 den 109 ngdy), hau het cae td hdp lai ngan ngdy hdn gidng ddi chflng NK7328 (109 ngay). Cac td hpp lai cd chieu cao cdy tfl 204,5em - 260,0 em. Chieu cao
Ig: n Khoa hoc Cone j^e\6ngnghiipVte: \jm-564O}3)/2020
dung bap td 100,5- 121.8 era. Kel qua danh gia edng nhe benh dom Id Idn (diem 0 - 1 ) va nhiem nh?
cho thay da sd eae to hdp lai ed kha nang ehdng ehiu benh ri sat (diem 1), nhiem nhe sau keo mda Thu tdt vdi mdt sd benh hai chinh vd ed khd ndng ehiu (diem 1) vd dae biet la chiu han tdt (diem 1) tddng han tdt. duong vdi 2 gidng ddi ehUng CP511 vd NK732S da Dda vao kha nang chdng ehiu. 3 td hpp lai khdng dddc tuyen ehpn la XK14.4 « CTl, XK 14 11 K CTl va bi nhiem benh khd vdn, khdngbi nhi^m hoac nhiem XK14.S6 x CT3 (Bdng 5).
Bang 5. Thdi gian sinh trUdng, dac diem ndng hoe vd kha nang chong chju efla cdc id hpp lai dinh trien vpng (\'u Thu 2019 lai Dan PhUpng, Hd Ndi) rr
1 2 3 4 5
Td hop Iai XK14.4 X C T l XK14.11 x C T l XK14.86 X CT3 CP511 NK732S
TGST (ngay)
104 103 104 102 109
Cao cay (cm)
260,0 224,0 228.5 202.2 212,2
C a o D B (cm) 116,0 103,8 100,5 103,2 102,0
.Muc Dom Id l&n (diem)
0 1 1 0 1
do nhiem sau benh Kho Risal vdn (%) (diem)
0 1 0
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
va chong Sdu keo (diem)
1 1 1 1 1
;hiu Cfii'u han
(diem) 1 1 1 1 1,5 Ba td hdp lai tuyen chpn cd dang bdp to ddi: ehpn ed ndng suat > 100 ta/ha cao hdn cd y nghia Chieu dai bdp efla ede id hpp lai dad ddng 17,4 - (p > 0,95) so vdi NK7328 vd tfldng dUdng CP511 19,9 em, ddi hdn 2 gidng ddi chflng, dfldng kinh bap (bdng 6). Bfldc dau cd the danh gid cac td hpp lai dinh 4.6 - 5,2 cm. Ve cae yeu td cau thdnh nang suat XK14.4 « CTl, XK14.11 x CTl vd XK14.86 x CT3 khac khi danh gid so sdnh vdi 2 gidng ddi chflng, ed ede dae diem ndng sinh hpc va nang sudt phfl hpp td hpp lai XK14.86 >• CT3 ed sd hang hat nhieu hdn vdi muc tieu phat trien gidng mdi cho sdn xuat trong (16,7 hdng) trong khi XK14.4 x CTl cdsd hat/hdng nUdcvdxudtkhau.Cactohpplai trien vpng tren can cao hdn (42.7 hat); khdi lUpng 1000 hat vd ty le tiep tuc khdo nghiem va danh gia tinh thich flng d hat/bdp eda ede td hdp lai deu dat gia trj cao tUdng cac \'dng sinh thai, dac biet nhflng vflng cd dieu ki?n flng Id 312.0 - 346.0 g vd 76,1 - 7S.9°o, trdng dd id sinh thdi tddng ddng vdi mdt sd vung trdng ngd tai hpp XK14.4 X CTl dat gid tri cao nhat, tUdng dUdng Lao vd Trung Qudc.
ddi chflng NK7328. Ve nang suat, 3 td hpp tuyen
Bang 6. Mpt sd yeu td eau thdnh nang suit va nang sual eua cac td hpp lai dinh trien vpng (Vu Thu 2019 lai Dan PhUpng. Ha Ndi)
TT
1
,
3 4 5To hgp lai XK14.4 X C T l XK14.11 x C T l XK14.S6 X CT3 CP511 NK732S
cv'(%)
LSD„„
Dai bap (cm) 19,9 18,2 17,4 14,3 16,5
DKbSp _ ( c m ) _ 4,6 4,6 5,2 5,1 4,9
So hang hat 13,5 13,9 16,7 15,1 14,3
So hat/
hang 42,7 39,1 36,5 31,4 34,2
PIOOO
JiaJ (g) 346,0 330,3 312,0 347,2 345,6
Tyle hat (%)
78,9 78,2 76,1 80,0 78,6
Nang suat (ta/ha)
101,9 1 101,0 1 101,1 1 102,0 ] 87,6
8,2 1 10,8 1 IV KET LUAN
Td nhdng ket qua nghien cflu da danh gid dfldc thd 3 la cac ddng XK14.86, XK14.92, XK14.20, 18 ddng vd 3 eay thfl ed ede dde diem ndng hpc XK14.3, XK14.87 va XK14.88. Cdc ddng ed phddng tdt, ehdng ehiu sau benh hai chinh va chiu ban lot sai khd ndng ket hdp rieng (o^ ) cao nhat la XK14.86, va cd ndng suat eao tren 30 la/ha. Xac dinh dflpc XK14.92, XK14.2.
03ddnglaXKI4.11,XK14.4vaddngXKi4.15edkha - Xac dinh dfldc 3 td hdp lai dinh nang suat cao ndng ket hpp chung (g) eao. Cac ddng cd kha nang tren 100 ta/ha Id XK14.4 x CTl, XKU.ll x CTl, ket hdp rieng cao vdi edv thd 1 Id XK14 2, XK14.10; XK14.86 x CT3 phuc vu cho chUdng trinh chpn tao
\'oi e>i\ thu 2 la ddng: XKI4.1S. XK14 12, Vdi edy gidng ngd nang sual eao, chdng chiu tot.
-ap ChiKhoa hoc Cong ngne hc'-g -^jhiep Viet Nam - Sij -J| f 13^/2020
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Nguyen The Hung, Nguyln \^n Ldc, Bui Minh Toan, (rofi^ cdc thi nghiem ve Uu the lai. Nha xuat ban Tran Dde Thien. Vu Thi Binh, 2009. Danh gia dac Ndng nghiep.
diem ndng hpc cua mdt sd ddng ngd dudng tU phdi CIMMYT, 1985. Managing trials and reporting data for vd xac dinh khd nang ket hpp ve nang suat bang CIMMYT's international maize testing program.
phUdng phdp lai dinh. Tap chi Khoa hoc vd Phdt gi Batten, Mexico, 20.
tnen. 7 (6): 711-716. USDA. 2017. C^iinas Planting Seeds Market Continues QCVN 0I-56:2011/BNNPTNT. Quy chuan ky thuat to Crow. Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA.
Qudc gia ve Khdo nghiem gia tri canh tdc va sfl dung Global Agricultural Information Network, access eiia gidng ngo. on 30/3/2020. Available from: https://w\vw.las.
Ngd Hflu Tinh va Nguyen Dinh Hien. 1996. Cdc usda.gov/data/ehina-chinas-planting-seeds-market- phUdng phdp lai thii vd phdn tich khd ndng ket hdp continues-grow.
Evaluation of agronomic characteristics and combining ability of inbred lines servicing the high yield maize variety breeding
for domestic production and export
Ta Ihi Thuy Dung, Nguyen Van Truong.
Ngo Thi Minh Tam, Nguyen Phuc Quyet. Nguy Tlil Huong Lan, Nguyen Thi Anh Thu, Nguyen Ngoc Diep, Bui Manh Cuong Abstract
The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and combining abiHty of 27 maize inbred lines with three testers; (2) to determine the promising loperosses for developing new maize varieties. Tlie results showed that most of inbred lines had good agronomic characteristics, less susceptible to main pests and diseases and drought tolerance; of which 18 lines and 3 testers had high yield, above 30 quintals/ha. Evaluating the combining ability of grain yield identified 03 lines including XK14.11, XK14.4 and XK14.15 with high genera! combining ability (GCA). The lines with high specific combining ability (SCA) with tester CTl were XK14.2, XK14.10; with tester CT2 as XK14.18, XKI4.12; the XK14.86, XK14.92, XK14.20, XK14.87, XK14.88 and XK14.3 lines had high specific combining ability with the tester CT3. ITie highest specific combining ability variance (a' ) belonged to XKI4.86 line, followed by XK14.92 and XK14.2 lines. 3 best hybrids were selected from 81 loperosses evaluation with good biotic stress resistance, good drought tolerance and the average yield reached over 100 quintals/ha. significantly higher than the control NK7328 such as XK14.4 x CTl (101.9 quintals/ha). XK14.14 x CTl (101.0 quintals/ha), and XK14.86 X CT3 (100.5 quintals/ha) for developing new maize varieties.
Keyivords: Maize, inbred line, combining ability, high yield
Ngay nhan bdi: 10/4/2020 NgUdi phdn bien: TS. Dang Ngpc Ha Ngay phan bien: 21/4/2020 Ngdy duyet dang: 29/4/2020
NGHIEN CUXJ KHA NANG SINH TRl/dNG, PHAT TRIEN VA NANG SUAT CUA CAC GIONG NGO NEP LAI TAI HA NOI
Le Quy TUdng', Le Quang Hoa', Nguyen Thi Bich Ngan' TOM T A T
Danh gia kha nang sinh IrUdng, phdt trien cua 6 gidng ngd nep lai, bd iri thi nghiem khao nghiem cd ban theo khdi ngau nhien hoan chinh, 3 lan lap !ai, vu Ddng 2018 vd \ai Xuan 2019 tai Ha Ndi. Ket qua da tuyen chpn dUpc gidng ngd nep lai ed trien vpng: giong Vinh Ngpc 9 vdi thdi gian sinh trUdng 97 ngdy vu Xuan va 101 ngay vu Ddng, thdi gian thu bap xanh 79 ngdy vu Xuan va 85 ngay vu Dong; nang suat 39,74 - 52,19 ta/ha hat khd, nang suat bdp tUdi 94.61 - 103,61 la/ha/\'u; chat lUpng an tUdi kha ngon, tUdng dUdng gidng HN88; it nhiem sdu due than (diem 1), nhiem nhe benh khd van (6,3 - 18,3 %), it nhiem benh ddm Id idn (diem 1); chdng dd, chiu han vd chju ret kha.
Tfl khda: Gidng ngd nep lai. ngan ngay ndng suat cao, chat lUpng
'Trung tam Khao Kiem nghiem Gidng, san pham cay trdng Qudc gia -Tram Khao Kiem nghiem Gidng, san pham cay trdng Td Liem, Ha Ndi
