KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 2011
KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU BENH GAN TUY TREN TOM SU (PENAEUS MONODON) NUOI 6 VIET NAM VA BIEN PHAP
PHONG NGL/A
Bui Q u a n g Te"^, Le Ngoc Q u a n ^ N g u y d n T h i Bien T h u y \ Bui Q u a n g T a m ' , H o a n g T h i Yen', N g u y d n T h i N i e n ' , N g u y i n V a n T h a n h ' , P h a n T h i H u d n g '
TOMTAT
Trong thdi gian qua (5-8/2010) hidn t u p n g tdm su chdi n h i l u d eae tinh v e n bidn nudi tdm tai Viet N a m . Trdn cae tdm bdnh tha'y ed eae da'u hieu dien hinh n h u sau: G a n t u y bi hoai tif (rdng) va ed the ehiia cac gipt m P . Mpt sd te bao tien md hinh d'ng trUPng to e h u a d a y eae hat nho, n h a n p h a n hda
D u n g cac phu'dng p h a p chan d o a n khac n h a u tta tim hieu n g u y d n n h a n g a y bdnh..
- Bang p h u o n g p h a p md benh hpc cho thay: tai cae ao tdm bdnh, ty le n h i l m vi bao hi {Enterocytozoon sp) la 92,77%; trong eae ao tdm khoe (binh t h u d n g ) ty Id n h i l m la 22,00% va trong tdm post la 19,44%.
- Kiem tra bang ky thuat kinh hien vi didn hi da phat hidn 95,45% cd vi bao h i [Enterocytozoon sp) d cac d a n g khac nhau: bao tu tiudng thanh, h& mat te bao vat ehii ed nhieu hat n h o (Bleb).
- Phan ti'ch bang p h u d n g p h a p sinh hpe p h a n tif: PCR, que thii WSSV, Y H D , md benh hpe, tdm hau n h u k h d n g nhidm n h u n g benh do virut t h u d n g g a p d Viet N a m (MBV, WSSV, YHD, BMN, HPV...). Phan lap vi k h u a n it g a p Vibrio sp^p.
Vi bao tu' thutie n h d m ky sinh ndi bao, c h u n g ed vo kha b i n viing n e n vide d u n g thud'e tri benh rat khd khan, tio d o bidn p h a p ehinh la p h d n g benh eho torn n u d i
TUkhoa: Tdm su, Bdnh gan tuy, Vi bao tii, Chan ttoan
Study of new hepatopathy in black tiger shrimps {Penaeus monodon) in Vietnam and of its prevention
Bui Quang Te, Le Ngpc Quan, Nguyen Thi Bien Thijy, Biii Quang Tam, Hoang Thi Yen, Nguyen Thi Nien, Nguyen VSn Thanh, Phan Thi HUdng
SUMMARY
Lately ( M a y - A u g u s t / 2 0 1 0 ) black tiger s h r i m p s 'v\'ere found d e a d at a high rate m the coastal provinces of Viehiam. In the affected s h r i m p the eharaeteristieal c h a n g e s found w e r e necrosis of the liver a n d of the pancreas a n d possibly containing fat d r o p l e t s . The cells in the tubular structures were found swollen containing small particles a n d their n u c l e u s w e r e degenerated.
The histopathological examinations s h o w e d : ui the affected p o n d s the prevalence of mierosporidia [Enterocytozoon sp.) infection was 92.77% while in the non-affected p o n d s this figure was 22.0% and in the post s h r i m p s it w a s 19.44%.
Untler eleetionie mitTOseope, 95.45% of the samples contauied mitTosporidia [Enterocytozoon sp) at different evolutive stages.
The current circulating viruses (MBV, WSSV, YHD, BMN, H P V . . . ) in Vietiiam were almost not found in the affected s h r i m p s as d e m o n s t r a t e d by the negative results of PCR test, WSSV and YHD stick test, histopatiiology examinations a n d in very few eases the Vibrio w a s isolated.
MitTosporidia belongs to the intiaeellular parasite group tiiat possessed a very hard capsule, therefore the tieatinent of the disease was nearly ineffective and tlie prevention was the main measure.
Key words. Black tiger s h r i m p , H e p a t o p a t h y , Mierosporidia, Diagnosis.
' Vien nghien cifu nuoi trong thuy san 1; - Trung Uim KhuySn nong quoc gui; ' Cong t)' TNHH SX&TM Van Minh AB
K H O A HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - 5 0 2 - 2 0 1
I. M d D A U
Trong thdi gian qua ed hidn t u p n g tdm chdi hang loat d mdt so tinh ven bien nudi tdm sU, tdm khdng thay ed d a u hidu dien hinh.
Theo thdng bao eua cac tinh nudi tdm ven bidn phia N a m t u t h a n g 5- 8/2010 ci mdt sd' vimg nudi, tdm su da chdi h a n g loat, n g u y d n nhan chua d u p e lam rd. Ydu eau san xuai can phai ed bidn p h a p n g a n ngUa va p h d n g tri bdnh cho tdm nudi kip thdi. D l tai KC- 07.11/06-10- Vidn nghien eUu nudi ti"dng thuy s i n 1 kdi h d p Cty T N H H SX&TM Van Minh AB da tid'n hanh d i l u tra tinh hinh nudi tdm su thUdng p h a m chdi h a n g loat va d l xuai bidn p h a p p h d n g tri bdnh d m d t so tinh ven bidn Viet N a m .
Mue tidu cua nghidn cUu n h a m tim n g u v e n
n h a n gay ehei h a n g loat tdm su nudi thuong p h a m va d l xuat mpt so bien p h a p phdng ti'i benh eho tdm sU nudi.
I I . V A T L I E U V A P H U d N G P H A P N G H I E N C t r U
2.1. Vat lieu
Mau tdm su tliu thap ti'ong cac ao nudi t h u d n g p h a m d a n g ehet, cae ao torn binh t h u d n g (tdm khde) va tdm post 10 tai eae t1ia diem:
Phia Ble: D u d n g Kinh (Hai Phdng), Tp Vinh ( N g h e An), ThUa Thidn H u e . Phia Nam:
Tan Phu Ddng ( Tidn Giang), Vinh Chau (Sdc Trang), Hda Binh (Bae Lieu) va Ca Mau
Thdi gian thu m l u 8-9/2010 Xem bang 1
Mau
Tdm benh
Tom khoe Tom post Cong (con)
Bang 1: Tong mau Ngay nuoi
<30
<60
<90
>90
>90 PL10
HP
30 30 60
120 NA
30
30
torn sii TTH
30
30
da ngh TG
30 30 60
120
ien CUu ST
15
15
30
BL 20 20 20
30 180 270
CM 10 10
20
Tong 45 30 140
75 150 180 620 Ghi chu: HP- Hai Phdng; NA- Nghe An; TTH-
BL- Bac Lieu; CM- Ca Mau
2.2 Phuong phap nghien ciiu 2.2.1. Phuong phap phan tich
- Phuefng p h a p md bdnh hpe: N h u d m Ciemsa hoac n h u d m G r a m ; Cat md nliutim H&E, xet nghiem ckc berth MBV, I H H N V , HPV, vibriosis va sif bidn ddi eiia gan tuy
- Ky thuat kinh hien vi didn tii: Co ttiiih gan tuy tdm bang g l u e o r a l d e h y d , rut nude, due mau bang chai deo, cat sidu m o n g , n h u d m bang Uranyl acetat va Citrat ehi, tidu ban kidm tia tludi kinh hidn vi didn t u b a n g eae dd phdng ttcii khat nlidu.
Thira Thien Hue; TC- Tien Ciang; ST- Soc Trang;
- Kv tiiuat chan doan PCR: xet nghiem benli WSSV, IHHNV, TSV
- Dung que tiiU nhaiili W S S V / Y H D : phan tich bdnh WSSV, YHD
- Phan lap vi k h u a n ti'dn mdi h-Udng TCBS:xet n g h i e m benh vibriosis
I I I . K E T Q U A N G H I E N C U U
3.1. Benh tren gan tuy ciia torn sii nuoi 3.1.1. Ddu hieu benh ly
Trang Uiai: tdm bi benh boat tidng chain chap, bo'i vao bti' ao va ehet. Tv le tdm ehdt
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 2011
tang nhanh, tiong vdng 1-2 tuan tdm chet 60- 70%, nd'u tdm benh nang ed the ehet tdi 100%.
Dau hieu Ivn ngoai tdm bi benli khdng ed dau hidu benh t1ac trung, thudng tdm cham ldn va phan tlan (hmh 1,2).
Dau hieu Ivn trong. gan tuv torn benh nang hoai tu (dich hda), tdm nhe khdng cd tiau hieu
rd rang. Khi tdm ydu va chet gan tiiv thdi riia rat nhanh.
Dau hieu mo benh hgc: md hinh d'ng gan tu\- hau hdi hoai tU (rdng) va cd ehua n h i l u gipt md' (hinh 5). Mpt so td bao trdn Old hinh d'ng trUPng to chua day eae hat nho, nhan p h a n hda (hinh 2, 3, 4, 6)
Hinh 1: Tdm benli cham ldn, phan dan (miu dm, dicing 8/2010- Bac Lieu)
- ' • ' - ^ ' g B B I ' "''S^^^^l
^B^jB^^^I
'^^^9^^HH^9i|A ^^^^^^^^H ^^^^^^^i
Hmh 2: rdm ligiili chain Idn, phan dan (mau diu, tiidng 8/2010- Tiin Giang)
ni>*.< th HM i.,tMii r*
Hinh 3: Bao tu trudng thanli ti'ong te bciogan tuy tom sii chda day hat nho, nhan phan hoa (nliupni giemsa- mau
thu 6 Tiin Giang, 8/2010)
^ e c e - Or Bm Ou«tc *i
^
Hinh 4: Bao tu' truO'ng dia nli hong gan tu\' torn su
(nliupm giemsa- miu thu 6 Soc Trang, 8/2010)
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 201 1
Hinh 5: Gan tuy hoai tu (dich hoa) (mdu diu 8/2010, Bac Lieu)
3.2. Phan bo' cua b e n h
3.2.1 Kit qua qua phuong phap mo benh hpc
Kdi qua phan tich m a u gan tuy tdm su nudi thudng p h a m tiong cae ao d a n g hi bdnh, bang phudng p h a p md bdnh hpe, ty Id n h i l m vi bao tii [Enterocytozoon sp) la 83,33-100(92,77)%;
tiong cac ao tdm khoe (binli t h u d n g ) ty Id
Hinh 6: Td l\to nto Imili ong gai} tin' truong to, chiia day hat iilio, nhan phan boa (nliuom
H&E, miu tiiu HaiPhong, 8/2010)
n h i l m la 0-28,33(22,00)% va tiong torn post la 19,44% (bang 2).
Ccie ao nudi tdm su t h u d n g p h a m tiong cac thcing khae nhau (tu thang thu nhat (<30 ngay nutii) ddn thang thu 4 (>90 nga\' nudi), khi tdm ed dau hieu cham ItVn, phan tlan va ehet, kiem ti'a bang md benh hoc t\' le nhiem \ i bao dd [Enterocytozoon ^g) tu'92,14-97,78"u va mdt s d a o ty Id nhidm 100%.
Bang 2: Ty le nhiem vi bao tii (Enterocytozoon sp) trong gan tuy tom su nghien ciiu b^ngphuong phap mo benh hoc
Mau
Tom benh
Chung (%) Tom khoe Tdm post
Ngay nuoi
<30
<60
<90
>90
>90 PL10
HP
100 93,33 96.67 28.33
NA
86,67
86,67 TTH
83,33
83,33
TG
96,67 90,99 93.33 26,67
ST 93,33
80,00 86.67
BL 100 100 95,00
98,33 0 19,44
CM 100 90,00
95,00
Chung (%) 9 7 78 96,67 92.14 93,33 92,77 22,00 19,44 Ghi chu: HP- Hai Phdng; .\'A- Nghe An; TTH- Thiia Thidn Hue; TG- Tidn Giang; ST- Soc Trang;
BL- Bac Lieu; CM- Ca Mau
3.2.2 Kit qud qua ky thudt soi kinh hien hien 21 mlu (95,45%) ed vi bao tu
vi dien tii [Enterocytozoon sp) ii eae d a n g khae n h a u Tdiig sd 22 niciu gan tuy tdm su kieiii tia ( b a n g 3): bao tii t r u d n g t h a n h , be mat te b a n g ky t h u n t kinh hidn vi didn tii da p h a t bao vat chu t o n h i e u hat n h o (Bleb). Cae
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - T.-^P XVIII - SO 2 - 201 1
m a u g a n t u y eiia t d m su t h u t u a o d a n g t h u 3 m a u k i d m tra b a t g a p 2 m a u cd vi b d n h d e u b a t g a p eae vi b a o t u . T d m p o s t b a o t u .
Bang 3: Tan so bat gap vi bao tii (Enterocytozoon sp) trong gan tuy tom su nghien cUu bang ky thuat soi kinh hien vi dien tii
Mau
Tdm benh
Tdm post Cong
Ngay nuoi
<30
<60
<90
>90 PL10
HP
3/3 3/3
6/6
TG
3/3 3/3
6/6
ST 1/1
1/1
2/2
BL 1/1 1/1 1/1
2/3 5/6
CM 1/1 1/1
2/2
Cong 3/3 2/2 7/7 7/7 2/3 21/22
3.2.3 Ket qud qua phirong phdp sinh hoc phdn tii-
Phan tich b a n g p h u d n g p h a p sinh hpc p h a n tii: PCR, que thii WSSV, Y H D , m d bdnh hpc, tdm h a u n h u k h d n g n h i d m nhifng bdnh do virut t h u d n g g a p P Viet N a m (MBV, WSSV, YHD, BMN, H P V . . . ) . Phan lap vi khuaii it g a p
Vibrio s p p .
3.3. Tac nhan gay benh
Tac n h a n gay bdnh b u d e d a u dieu tia d mdt sd dia diem n u d i torn tai Viet N a m xae ttinh chUng thude loai vi bao tii (Mierosporidia), gid'ng Enterocytozoon, ho Enterocytozooiiidaeky sinh ndi bao.
N h u d m G r a m bao tii trUdng thanh bflt m a u ti'm (hinh 7-9) d te'bao chai eiia te'bao gan tuy tdm su.
H i n h kinh hien vi didn t u bao tii tiUdng thanh eat dpe hinh b a u tlue, kich thude 625- 1.050(927) x 940-2.000(1.537) n m , tiianh bao tii d a y 35-90 (61)nni. Phia trUPe ed cue n a n g (PP), dinh phia t r u d e la dia b a m (ad), phia sau co k h d n g bao (PV), giua cd 1 n h a n (N), hai bdn cue n a n g ed 5 v d n g sdi td (pf). (hinh 10-14).
Cae giai d o a n p h a t trien eiia b a o h i d i u phat tridn P trong te bao c h a i ciia vat chii (te bao gan tuy), ti'dn m a t te' bao vat chii cd ehifa nhieu h a t n h o (bleb).
Kich t h u d e Enterocytozoon s p nghidn ctiu ldn hdn loai E. hepatopenaei Somjintana Tourtip et al, 2009 (700x1.lOOnm) . Trinh tif doan khue'ch dai eiia vi b a o tii nghidn eiiu cho tha'y k h d n g tUPng d o n g vdi trinh t u nucleotid eua Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei.
Hinh 7: Bao tii ti-ifoiig dianli trong gan tuy torn sc (nliupni gram- mau dm i Hai Phong, 8/2010)
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 201 I
D I V V K M * ^ ! : *
••vfc. «v.
f 1
m % j j
Hinh 8: Bao tudiToiig diaiili h'oiiggan tu]- torn
su (nhupm gram- mau tiiu O Bac Lieu, 8/2010)
Hinh 9: Bdo tit truOiig tiidnli trong gan tuy
torn su (nliupm gram- mdu tiiu o' Ca Mau,
9/2010)
Hinh 10: Bao tuwit dgc hiiili l\iu due, phui trade co cuV lap the (PP), dinh pliu) tniac la dia
l\im (ad), phia .^au cd klidng bdo (PV), gida co 1 nlian (N), hai ivn cuV nang lO 5 wng •^di to (pt)
(HKHVDT- miu dm Hai Phdng 8/2010)
K H O A H O C KY T H U A T T H U Y - TAP X V I I I - SO 2 - 2 0 1 1
Hinh 11: Bao tu' ti'uo'ng tiiaiili trong te bao chat ciia tibao bieu lii mo hinh o'ng gan tuy torn su (HKHVDT- mau
tim HaiPhong. 8/2010)
Hinh 12: Bao tu' trong te l\io chat cua te liao iv'eu lli mo Iiinli ong gan tuv tom su (HKHX^DT- miu tiiu Bac Lieu, 8/2010)
Hinh 13: Bao tif tru'ong thaiili foiig te hao chit ciia te liao hieu hi mu hiiiii o'ng gan tuy torn sii (HKHVDT- miu thu Soc Trang, 8/2010)
r v . T H A O L U A N V A K E T L U A N
O Viet N a m bUPe d a u t1ilu h a eho thav vi bao t u ed thd n h i e m t u giai d o a n postlarvae eua tdm. Torn su ttua vao n u d i thUdng p h a m tif 20 ngay deh 120 n g a y benh ed thd xuai hidn. Bdnh xuat hien lan r d n g kliap tU mien Bae deii eae tinh d d n g b a n g sdng C u u Long, til Udng g a p P k h u n u d i tdm eong nghiep.
Bdnh xuat hien n h i e u khi thdi tiei bien d d n g : m u a , n a n g tiiat t h u d n g , mdi h-udng n u d e nliidm ban...
T h e o n h i d u tae g i a t r o n g va n g o a i n u d e
n g h i e n cUu c h o b i e i g a y b d n h t r d n g a n tuy tdm ed m o t sd b e n h d o virut: bdnh edi (MBV), benli virut d d m trSng (WSSV), benh dau vang (YHD), benh gan tuy (HPV), bdnh hoai hi tuydn rudt giua ciia tdm he (BMN)... Virut tia lam n h a n te bao g a n t u y (vat chii) h-Udng to (bdnh MBV, WSSV, H P V , BMN) hoac nhan te bao thoai hda kdi d a c (YHD).
Hai gid'ng Rickettsia va Chlamydia gay berth d gan tuy d torn he va tdm eang xanh.
Kich t h u d e eiui c h u n g rai n h o (0,2-0,7 x 0,8-1,6 ).mi), hinh eSu hoac hinh q u e iigSn, gram am, ky sinh ndi bao. G i d n g Rickettsia ky sinh gay
K H O A HOC KY THUAT T H U Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 2 0 1 1
berth d gan tuy eiia t d m the P. merguiensis va ndi ky sinh d tdm su P. monodon. Dau hidu dae trUng la tdm k e m an, ydu, t h u d n g dat g i n vad bd ad, bdi k h d n g d i n h h u d n g , sau hidn tupng tdm chdt k i d dai 1-2 tuan. Bdnh cd thd kdt h d p vdi bdnh khae n h u bdnh virut, vi khuan.
Theo Lightiierl D. V., R. M. Redman, J. R.
Bonami (1992) [ ], Bdnh hoai h i gan tuy xuai hidn d trai nudi tdm chan trang [Penaeus
vannamei), Texas- H o a Ky. Berth xuat hidn lan dau tidn 1985, lam tdm h a o h u t tir" 20-90%
trong eae trai n u d i tdm. Tae n h a n gay berth cd 2 chiing: mdt chiing d a n g Rickettsia va mdt chiing vi k h u a n thudc n h d m Seliberia hinh que hoac hinh xoan.
Theo OIE , 2010 [18], bdnh hoai tii gan do ehiing vi k h u a n g r a m a m hinh xoan, kich tiiUdc 0,25 X 2-3,5 pm; Chiing Rickettsia (ROL) hinh que kich thudc 0,25 x 0,9 |im.
Vi bao tli ky sinh d n h i l u loai giap xae, ed 3 gid'ng t h u d n g ky sinh gay bdnh d tdm la
Tlielohania H e n n g u y , 1892 (edn gpi la Agmasoma).PIeistophoia Gurley,1893 (edn gpi la Plistophora) va Ameson (edn gpi la Nosema)
Vi bao tii ky s m h ti'ong cac td' ehiic eiia tdm, chung bam vao cd van gay ndn nhiing vdi tdn thudng ldn lam due m d cd, vi the ndn gpi la bdnh tdm "spi bdng trang".
Nam 2000-2002 d Thai Lan (tiieo Kanokporn C h a y a b u r a k u l , 2004[ ]) da p h a t hidn bdnh cham ldn d tdm su n u d i , tae n h a n la dd 1 chiing vi bad tii ky sinh d gan tuy. Bdnh da gay tiiiet hai gcin 300 trieu USD n a m 2002.
Nam 2009, theo Somjintana Tourtip va etv[ ], da cdng b d vi bao t u gay berth ti'ong gan tuy ciia tdm sii la loai vi bao tii ndi ky sinh Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei
Vi bao tli Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (Enterocytozoonidae), d u p c xae dinh ky sinh trdn gan tdm su. Cae giai d o a n t u h d p t u sinh bao tli' vd tinh (sporogonal plasmodia) dd'n bao tii tiUdng thanh ehiing d i u ki sinh ti'ong
td bao chat cua td' bao gan tuy hinh dng (vat chu). Cd rai n h i l u n h a n bao tU vd tinh kdi dinh tiife tid'p vd'i td' bao chai va ehua rai n h i l u hat n h o (Bleb) trdn b l m a t td bao tdm
Vi bao tli n g u y d n p h a n xay ra trong sudi giai doan d a u p h a t tiien cua ki sinh tiung va mdt so l u p n g ldn tien nguydn bao tii (sporoblast) d u p e hinh thanh tiong td bao ki sinh trung. N h i i n g dia d a m dae va tiln chai eua spi tP da p h a t tridn trong td bao chai eiia giai doan d a u ki sinh t r u n g dd hinh thanh tiln n g u y e n bao tU tU b l m a t cua h d p tii. Bao tU cd hinh bau due, kich t h u d e 0,7x1,1 |im va dcfti nhan, phia trUde cue n a n g ed 5-6 vdng spi tP, cd k h d n g bao phia sau, cd dia b a m gan vdi spi td d d a u cue nang, vach td bao d a m dac mdng.
Vach td' bao eau tao g d m m a n g sinh chat, ldp ndi bao sang day k h o a n g 10 n m va ldp d a m dae d ngdai bao day k h o a n g 2nm. Doan mdi d u p e thidi kd dd khudeh dai ddan DNA eua bd gen ki smh t r u n g SSU rRNA cd kich thudc la 848 bp tien N g a n hang gen (GenBank FJ496356). Trinh tu doan khudeh dai cho tha'y 84% tudng d d n g vdi trinh tu' nucleotide eua Enterocytozoon hieneusi Du'a tidn n h u n g dae tinh ciia sidu cau trUe cho tha'y ki sinh tiung thude hp Enterocytozoonidae. Td'bao chat cua Plasmodia va trinh tu' SSU rRNA cd sif khae bidt vdi E. bienseusi la 16%, vi vay ki sinh ti'ung nay AxXdc xem la mpt loai mdi Ehepatopenaei ihugc gid'ng Enterocytozoon.
O Viet N a m trong thdi gian qua hidn t u p n g tdm su chdi h a n g loat d eae tinh ven bien nudi tdm .Gan tuy bi hoai tii (rdng) va ed the chiia eae gipt md. Mdt so td'bao trdn md hinh d'ng trUdng to chifa day cae hat nho, nhan phan hda. Trong td'bao gan tuy ciia tdm cd ehiia cac bao tii trUdng thanh .
Bang cae p h u d n g p h a p chan doan khac nhau: md bdnh hpe, kinh hien vi didn hi, sinh hoe p h a n tii trdn cac tdm bdnh cd tiid xac dinh nguydn n h a n ehii yd'u do vi bao tu
(Mierosporidia), gid'ng Enterocytozoon, hp Enterocytozoonidae ky sinh ndi bao.
Tdm hau n h u k h d n g n h i l m n h u n g benh do virut t h u d n g g a p d Viet N a m (MBV, WSSV, YHD, BMN, HPV...)
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y - TAP XVIII - SO 2 - 2011
Vi bao h i thudc n h d m ky sinh ndi bao, ehiing cd vo k h a b i n v i i n g ndn vide d u n g thud'e tri berth r a i k h d k h a n , do dd bidn p h a p chinh la p h d n g bdnh cho t d m n u d i , D l tai KC- 07.11/06-10 ling d u n g bidn p h a p p h d n g theo n g u y d n tac sau:
- Dipt tac nhan gay benh tit moi trudng.
D i m g vidn siii TCCA diet tac n h a n gay bdnh P d a y ao n u d i va mdi trUdng nUde. DUng chd p h a m vi sinh lam sach mdi trUdng, b a n chd thay n u d c n g a n ngUa m a m b e n h tU mdi t r u d n g bdn ngoai v a o . Nd'u t h a y n u d e , p h a i lay n u d c tif ao lang d a d u p e khii trUng.
- Tang siic de kliang benh cho tom: DUng m d t so chd' p h a m vi sinh (Bdta Gluean, Vitamin...) chd tdm a n t a n g sUc d l k h a n g bdnh cho tdm n u d i .
- Phuc hoi chuc nang cua gan tuy tom hi hoai tu. D u n g thud'e d a acid amin, e n z y m , da vitamin, d a vi l u p n g . . . dd n h a n h c h d n g p h u c hdi gan t u y cho tdm n u d i .
Kdt q u a P hai dia d i e m H a i P h d n g va T i l n Giang t h u n g h i e m n u d i t d m su k h d n g ed hidn tu'dng tdm che't, n h u n g cd hidn t u p n g c h a m ldn va p h a n d a n .
D E N G H I
- Nganh thU y thiiy san can cd h u d n g nghidn Cliu day dli va hoan thidn v l berth tidn gan tuy cua tdm su nudi d eae tinh ven bidn Viet Nam.
- Trudc mat can cd bidn p h a p phdng ngUa kjp thdi berth gan tuy trdn tdm su theo dd xuai.
- H u d n g d a n p h u d n g p h a p chan d o a n bdnh gan tuy do vi bao tii tif giai d o a n postlarvae eho dd'n giai d o a n t d m trUdng thanh.
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