TAP CHi CONG THirUNG
DO THI HOA VOfi PHAT TRIEN BEN VCfNG CON NGlTCfl Of VIET NAM HIEN NAY
• TRaCiNG VAN DUNG
TOM TAT:
Dd thi boa vdi phdt trien ben viJng con ngffdi la mdt ddi hdi td't ye'u dat ra trong qua trinh phat trien kinh td' - xa hdi hien nay. Tuy nhi6n, stf phat trien qud nhanh va "ndng" se de lai nhtfng he qud khdng tot cho xa hpi. Do dd, bai vi6't nghi6n effu, de xud't cac giai phap hffu ich eho qua trinh xay dffng va hoach dinh ehinh sach eua Nha nffde, hoan thanh muc tieu xay difng va phat tnen ben vffng con ngffdi theo Nghi quye't cua Dang da de ra.
Tuf khda: Dd thi hda, phat tnen ben vffng, eon ngffdi, xa hdi, kmh td'.
1. Dat van de
Vd'n de phat trien ben vtfng da dtfdc nhieu qud'c gia tren the' gidi quan tam, phd bid'n rdng rdi tff nhffng nam 80 thd' ky trtfdc. O Viet Nam, trong nhffng nam gan day, va'n de ndy ciing ludn dffdc quan tam trong nhieu hdi nghi, hdi thao trong ntfdc, vdi nhieu y kid'n ddng gdp trong xay dtfng cd chd', chinh sdch phap ludt cd li6n quan, trong do ddc biet nbd'n manh d6'n phdt trien dd tbi ben vffng. Tren pham vi the"gidi, vd'n de dd thi dd gia tdng nhanh, manh me vd trd thanh nhffng diem nha'n can dtfdc nghidn effu ca'n trgng, de cd phffdng each tid'p cdn pbu hdp vd hidu qua, nham dam bao dtfpc muc tieu tang trffdng ben vffng gan vdi phdt tridn con ngffdi.
Hda chung vdi trao Iffu d'y, trong nhffng ndm gan day, cdng tac phdt trien dd thi d ntfdc ta ludn dtfdc xde dinh id mot trong nhffng ITnh vtfc trgng
tdm ciia nganh Xdy dtfng vd phdt tridn ben vifng Id yeu cau xuydn sud't trong qua tnnh phat trien da't ntfdc, kd't hdp chat che, hpp Iy va hai hda giffa phat tridn kinh te' vdi phdt tridn xa hdi vd bao v$
tdi nguydn, mdi trffdng, dam bao qud'c phdng, an ninh vd trat ttf an toan xa hdi. Tuy nhidn, vdn ton tai nhieu ban che', ba't cap, chtfa dap ffng difdc y6'u to'bdn vffng, lau ddi, do dd chung ta can phai tid'p tuc nghidn effu, danh gid vd nhin nhdn mot each kbdcb quan, toan dien va dtfa ra nhtfng djnh htfdng cho vd'n de nay.
2, M6t so' vS'n de co tinh khai quat ve phat trien ben vffng dd thi vdi phat trien con ngUW Khai niem phdt trie'n ben vffng dtfdc dinh nghTa dau tidn ve mat van ban vao nam 1987, trong Bdo cao ciia Uy ban Mdi trtfdng va Phat trien cua Ngdn hdng Thd'gidi - WCED {cdn goi la Uy ban Brundtland). Theo do, phat tridn b^n
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vffng la: thda man cdc nhu cau phat trien cua the' he hidn tai ma khdng lam phffdng bai de'n nhu c^u phat trien ciia the'he ttfdng lai. Ndi mpt each kbdc, trong qua trinh phdt tridn, thd' he hidn tai phai tao ra vd dd lai cdi gl dd cho thd' hd ttfdng lai phat tnen td't hdn. Ndm 1992, tai Rio de Janeiro, Hgi nghi ve Mdi trffdng va Phat trien ciia Lien hiep qud'c da xae nhdn lai kbai nidm nay va da gu'i di mdt thdng diep ro rdng, mang tinh nguyen ly vd sff bdi hda giffa kinh td', phat trien va bao ve mdi trffdng trong qua trinb phat tridn tff cd'p dp toan cau, khu vtfc dd'n qud'c gia, dja phtfdng, trong dd cd dd thi. Tren cd sd npi hdm ciia phat trien ben vffng vd tff dac diem cua dd thi, do tbi hda ben vffng phdi dam bao sff hai hda giffa: kinh td' dd thi, van hda xa hpi dd thi, mdi trtfdng - sinh thai do thi, cd sd ha tang do thi, quan ly dd thi va tao ra stf lidn kd't khdng gian chat ehe giffa do thi - ndng thdn. Trong Bdo cao nghien ctfu "Phdn tich chinh sdch dd thi hda trong qua trinh dd thi hda tac ddng dd'n phat trien ben vtfng d Viet Nam" thudc Chtfdng trinh tbidn nien ky XXI do UBDP tai trd, dd de xud't 10 nhdm tieu chi ben vffng trong qua trinh do thi hda, bao gdm: 1) Phan bd' vd quy hoach do thi phii hdp vdi cac viing dia ly va dieu kidn sinh thdi tff nhidn, bao ve mdi trffdng. 2) Nen kinh te' dd thi phat trien dn dinh vd ben vffng nham tao nhieu viec lam dd thi dn dinh, ben vffng eho mdi thanh phan kinh t6' va mpi ngffdi ddn dd tbi. 3) Trinh dd dan tri dd thi vd ngudn lu'c phat trien du manh. 4) Trinh dp quan ly phat trien dd thj du manh va ben vffng. 5) Dich vu dd thi ddp ffng yeu eau cudc sd'ng dd thi ngay cdng cao. 6) Cd sd ha tang ky thudt dd thi ddy dil, dn dinh vd phdt trien bdn vffng. 8) Long ghep quy hoach mdi trtfdng trong quy hoach dd thi. 10) Hdp tac, phd'i hdp dieu hanh vung hdp ly, hieu qua, cung cd ldi va cung phdt tridn. Vdi nhffng tieu chi neu tr6n, chung ta thd'y, ban cha't eua do thi hda vdi phat tridn ben vffng con ngffdi la dam bao dtfdc sff hai hda, thd'ng nhd't ca 3 mat kinh td', xa hdi vd mdi trtfdng trong qua trinh phat trien dd thi, nham nang cao cha't Itfdng sd'ng ciia thd'hd hidn
tai ma khdng ldm anh hffdng tdi nhu cau phat trien ciia thd' he ttfdng lai. Nguyen tdc ndy phai xuydn sud't giffa chie'n Itfdc, quy hoach, ke' hoach, quan ly phat trien dd thi va trong hdnh ddng thffc hien. Dac bidt, cd stf tham gia cua mpi thdnh phan xa hpi, mgi ca'p, mgi ndi thi se dat dtfdc hidu qua cao hdn.
3. Thffc trang dd thi hoa vdi phat trid'n bdn vitng con ngffoTi cua Vidt Nam trong nhffng nam qua
Ngdy nay, trong bd'i cdnh thd' gidi ed nhieu phffc tap, de giff vflng da tang trtfdng, giam thieu tdc ddng tidu ctfc tff sff tdng kinh te' - xd hdi trffdng va hoan thanh cac nhiem vu, Chinh phii Viet Nam cung dd va dang cd nhffng giai phdp quye't liet de bfft pha, nang cao nang Itfc canh tranh ciia minb, phdt trien kinh td'phaidi lien vdi an sinh xd hpi vd bao vd mdi trtfdng trong va'n de dd thi hda vdi phdt trien bdn vffng con ngtfdi.
Chinh phu Viet Nam ludn quan tam dd'n tid'n trinh dd thi hda, danh gid dung vai trd vd tam quan trpng ctia cac dd thi trong vide thuc da'y tang trtfdng vd hd trd nen kinh td' Viet Nam hdi nhdp vdi kinb td' thd' gidi, phat trien hieu qua va ben vffng mdt he thd'ng dd thi qud'c gia, phuc vu cdc muc tidn phat trien kinh td', xa hpi vd dam bao an ninh qud'c phdng. Theo dd, Chinh phu dd ban bdnh nhieu van ban quy pham ve sff dung ndng Iffdng tid't kiem va hidu qua, trong dd bao gdm vd'nde sff dung ndng Itfdng tid't kidm vd hidu qua tai cdc cdng trinh xdy dtfng.
Tinh de'n thang 5 ndm 2019, ca ntfdc cd tren 833 dd thi, bao gdm 2 do thi loai dac biet la Ha Npi vd Thdnh phd Ho Chi Minh, 20 do thi loai I, 29 dd thi loai ll, 45 dd thi loai III, 85 do thj loai IV va 652 dd thi loai V, ti Id dd thj hda dat 38,5%.
(so vdi 500 dd thi cac loai vao nam 1990, thi ddy la mpt stf bfft pha tffdng dd'i manh trong vd'n dd dd thi hda). Dd thi hda, cong nghiep hda dien ra manh nhd't d 3 viing trpng diem phdt trien kinh td' xd hpi Bac, Trung, Nam, d vung Duyen hai. Bd mat cdc dd thi dd cd nhffng thay ddi Idn: van minh, hidn dai va xanh, sach, dep hdn. Md ra
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nhieu cd hdi viec lam, tang thu nhap vd ndng cao ddi sd'ng vdt chd't vd tmh than cua ngtfdi dan.
Trong giai doan nay, khu vffc dd thi - ha tang cd ban vd la tdm didm tdng trtfdng cua nen kinh te' - dtfdc xdc dinh la ndi "ndng" nhd't cua yeu cau phat trien ben vffng. Vdi mpt sff thay ddi manh me ve cd sd ha tang dd thi, da thu hut difdc sd' Iffdng ldn cdc nha dau tff nffdc ngodi, khdch du lich de'n Vidt Nam ngdy cdng tang..., dieu dd cbo tha'y, VidI Nam dang trong giai doan qua dd de trd thanh qud'c gia cdng nghidp phat trien. Tuy nbien, ben canh dd cdn khdng it he luy, bd't cap khd giai quyd't trong thdi gian ngdn, dd Id vd'n de gia tdng dan so d khu do thi, ha tang cd sd, nha d, giao thdng mdi trtfdng, an ninh trat ttf...
Theo danh gia cua Tdng cue Thd'ng kd, di eff Id yd'u td'can thie't cho phdt trien kinh td', ludng di ctf ndng thdn - thdnb thi ddng gdp ddng ke vao qua trinh do thi hda va ngtfdi di ctf chii yd'u la tbanh nien da giup cho lu'c Itfdng lao ddng d dd tbi dffdc bd sung va tre hda. Dac bidt, ngffdi di eff thffdng cd mat bang trinh do chuydn mdn cao hdn ngffdi tai chd, dd giiip cho ndi hp de'n cd them Iffc Iffdng lao ddng chd't Itfdng. 31,7% ngffdi di ctf la ngtfdi cd trinh do chuyen mdn ky thudt, 23% la ngffdi cd trinh dd cao dang, dai hgc, trong khi ty 16 nay d ngtfdi khdng di ctf la 24,5% vd 17%. Sff gia tang dan sd' cd hgc qua mffe d cdc dd thi se day cac dd thi rdi vdo tinh trang dd thi hda
"cffdng bffc" do sff qud tai ve ha tang giao thdng (iin tdc, ket xe), vide Idm, nhd d, giao due, cham sdc y td, an ninh trat ttf, td nan xd hdi.
Trong nhffng nam gan ddy, Nha nffdc dd ed nhidu nd life trong vide dau ttf phdt trien nhd d tai cae do thi va khu cdng nghidp. Tuy nhien, tinh hinh nha d dd thi vdn dang Id bai toan cang thang.
Didn tich nha d binh qudn dau ngtfdi tai cdc dd thi ntfdc ta cdn qud thd'p, hidn mdi chi dat khoang 5,4 m2/ngtfdi. Chd't Itfdng nha d khdng bdo dam, cdc didu kidn ve ha tang, mdi trtfdng yd'u kem Nhd "d chudt" cdn chie'm ty trpng ddng ke tai cdc dd thi. Cung - cau md't cdn dd'i nghidm trpng, cdng vdi nhffng tdc ddng eua chinh sdch khdng
hdp Iy lam eho gia nha d qua cao so vdi thu nhdp ciia nhdn dan dd tbi. Ben canh do, van cdn tdn tai cua cae khu nha d khdng chinh thffc, cac "xdm lieu", "xdm bui" dang la ung nhotciia cdc do dii hien dai. Tai cdc do thi mien Trung va mien Nam, da sd' cdc khu nha d khdng chinh thd'c cd dieu kien nha d rat kem, dien ti'eh da't d chi khoang 2-4mVngtfdi, nha 5 lup xup, tam bd, hd thd'ng cd sd ha tang tha'p kem; mdi trffdng trong cdc kbu ddn ctf nay bi d nhiem nghiem trpng nen day cdn ggi la cac khu nha "d chudt".
Hien tffdng tdc dffdng ket xe, hidm hga tai nan giao thdng dang thffdng trtfc, rinh rap ctfdp di sinh mang cua ngtfdi dan, dd lai nhidu he qud nang nd cho gia dinh vd xd hdi, Thffc phd'm khdng an todn dang am thdm gid't ddn mdn ngffdi ddn, lam gia tdng chi phi y te' va giam tudi thg binh qudn eua cdng ddng. Hau nhff td't ea cdc ITnh vffc lien quan dd'n san xua't, chd' bid'n, kinh doanh thifc pha'm khi kiem tra deu pbdt hidn nhffng sai pham nghiem trong. Ttf vide trdng rau xanh cd sff dung hda cha't kich thich vffdt mffe cho phep, cdc 16 gid't md gia xuc, gia cam khdng dam bao vd sinh td'i thidu de'n thffc an dffdng phd', cac bd'p an tap the va trong ebe' bie'n, kinh doanh thffc pha'm.
Trong cac nguydn nhdn cua thffc trang tren cd nguyen nhan tff cdng tac quan Iy an toan ve sinh thffc pham cdn nhidu bd't cap, ea ve the che', to cbffc bd may vd dau ttf cho cdng tdc nay. Ben canh do la hiem hga tff d nhidm mdt trtfdng, 6 nhidm ciia he thd'ng kenh rach do ntfdc thai khdng dtfdc xff ly trtfdc khi xd ra mdi trtfdng, 6 nhiem khdng khi do bui vd khi thai dgc hai thai tff cdc phtfdng tidn giao thdng, cac hoat ddng xay dtfng, san xua't, dich vu, de'n d nhidm tff rac thai.
Ngoai ra, d nhidm ti6'ng dn vd d nhidm do sdng vd tuyd'n cung anb hffdng rd't Idn de'n sffc khde con ngffdi. 6 nhidm khdng khi, d nhidm m6i trffdng dtfdc menh danh la "ke gid't ngtfdi tham ldng". Theo thd'ng ke cua To cbffc Y tdThe gi^i
"WHO", hang nam tren thd'gidi cd hang tridu tre em bi tff vong do nhidm khud'n hd hd'p, trong do phan ldn trtfdng hdp cd lien quan de'n 6 nhidm
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khdng khi. Ngoai ra, d nhidm mdi trtfdng cdn gdy ra nhidu can bdnh man tinh khac.
Ve va'n de ngheo ddi va tie'p can cac dieh vu, an sinh xa hdi. Thffc td' dd thi va ede vung ven do vdn cdn mpt bd phan khdng nhd ngffdi thd't nghidp, ngheo va thu nhap tha'p, ebu ye'u la nhffng ngtfdi lao ddng gian ddn di ctf tff khu vffc ndng thdn Idn thdnh thi de tim kid'm vide Idm. Phan Idn trong sd'hp cbi tim dffdc cdng vide gidn ddn trong cac khu edng nghidp, khu chd' xud't d gan thdnh thi, mdt so' khde kem may man hdn phai lang Ihang tim kid'm cdng vide khdng dn dinh trong ndi thi vdi thu nhap it oi. Do thu nhdp thd'p, lai pbdi lam vide va't va n6nsd'lao dpngdi eff ndy dd nay sinh nhflng ba't ddng va cd nhflng hdnh ddng thid'u kiem chd'. Ngoai ra, tinh trang tha't nghidp ciing la nguyen nhan cd ban dan dd'n cac td nan xa hdi d dd thi. Day la stf ba't on dd'i vdi chu trtfdng phat trien mpt xa hdi dd thi cdng bang, on dmh va van minh. Ngtfdi ngheo va thu nhap tha'p cdn ra't khd khan trong vide tie'p can cdc dich vu, an sinh xa hdi nhtf gido due, cham sdc stfc khde. Nhffng bat binh dang cang tha'y ra't rd khi so sanh vdi nhdm thu nhdp cao va nhdm dan sd cd hd khau thffdng tru tai dd thi. Con em ngffdi nhdp eff khd vao cdc trtfdng chinh quy, cdng lap. Khdng cd hp khd'u thffdng tru, khdng dffdc xet vao dien hd ngheo nen con cdi hg khdng dffdc mien giam hpc phi, hp khdng dtfdc hd trp tien mua bao hiem y te' vd cac dich vu an sinh xa hdi khac. Ben canh dd, ngtfdi ngheo d do thi cdn phai chi phi nhieu khoan phat sinh hdn d ndng thdn nhtf tien didn, ntfdc, tien nhd va gia ca Itfdng thtfc, thtfc pham, nhu cau thid't ye'u khac. Do vdy, trdn thtfe te' ngffdi ngheo d do thi edn ngheo hdn hd ngheo d ndng thdn.
Gia dich vu y te' qua cao da dd'y ngffdi bdnh ngheo vdo canh ngheo hdn. Hien cd mdt nghich ly ngffdi ngheo cd nhu c^u cham sdc sffc khoe cao nhffng kha ndng tie'p ca n vd sff dung dich vu y t6 lai tha'p hdn cac nhdm khac. Nhieu ngffdi khdng may bi benh tdt phdi ban da't, ban nha d que de chfla tri, gia dinh cd nguy cd phai gia nhap nhdm
"ngffdi ngheo dd tbi".
Tff nhffng tdn tai, bdt cap, ban chd ndu trdn, cd the tha'y, va'n de dd thi hda va phdt tridn ben vffng con ngffdi chtfa dap tfng dtfdc muc tiduddtra. Hay ndi cdch khac, dd thi hda khdng cd tinh chat ben vffng va chffa bdo dam cac dieu kidn thuc dd'y phdt trien con ngtfdi.
4. MOt vai khuyd'n nghi d^t ra
De va'n de dd thi hda vdi phat trien bdn vflng con ngtfdi Id nhdm dat de'n nhieu muc tieu chung deu hffdng dd'n vi con ngtfdi.
Thd nhd't, chung ta can phai nhan thffc mpt each diing dan, khdch quan, todn didn vd dac bidt khdng chay dua, khdng "dd thi hda" bang mpi gia.
Thd hai, dd thj hda vdi phat trien ben vflng con ngffdi can htfdng tdi phat tnen ddng deu giffa cac viing mien. Phai xdc dinh rang, dd thi hda vdi phdt trien ben vffng con ngffdi khdng the tach khdi ndng thdn. Hay ndi cdch kbdc, dd thi hda phai thuc day, hd trd cho phdt trien d khu vffc ndng tbdn. Stf phat tnen d ndng thdn khdng chi hd trd cho dd thi phdt trien nhtf cung ca'p Itfdng thtfc, thtfc phd'm, nguyen lieu cho chd' bid'n, tidu thu san pha'm cdng nghiep do dd thj tao ra, ma cdn lam gidm dp Itfc Idn do tbi, ddc bidt la cac do thi ldn.
Chinh yd'u td' chdnh lech phdt trien Id dp life tao ra sff qua tai d cdc dd thi ldn hien nay. Do vdy chid'n Itfdc, quy hoaeh phat trien he thd'ng do thj phai tao ra stf phdt trien ddng deu va khai thac phdt huy hidu qua tiem ndng the' manh ciia cac vung, mien. Bdn canh cdc dd ihi la hat nhdn, can chii trpng phdt trien cac do thj vffa vd nbd, gan phat tridn do thi vdi chuyen djch cd ed'u kinh td', tao cdng an vide lam va nang cao thu nhdp cho khu vffc ndng nghidp, ndng thdn, thiie da'y phat tnen vung sau viing xa.
Thd ba, dd thi boa vdi phdt tridn bdn vffng con ngffdi can phai ndng cao tinh ddng bd, tien ich ciia ha tang vd bao ve mdi trffdng do thi: Ha tang dd thi quyd't djnh ra't Idn dd'n ddi sd'ng ngtfdi ddn vd phat tridn kmh td' - xa hdi d dd thi. Trong dd, mang ha tang ky thudt, gdm: he thd'ng giao thdng, ca'p, thodt nffdc, cd'p didn, thdng tin lidn lac, cdng
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vien cay xanh... cd tac ddng trtfc tid'p va hang ngay dd'n boat ddng san xud't vd ddi sdng eua ngtfdi ddn. Do vdy, trong quy hoach, phdt tridn dd thj cd hai mang ba tang tren can dtfdc quan tdm diing mtfe vd dau tff mpt cdch ddng bd, dac biet la he thd'ng giao thdng, ca'p dien, ca'p ntfdc, nha mau gido...
Thd tu, do thi hda vdi phat trien ben vffng con ngffdi can phdi tao dieu kidn cho ngffdi ngheo vd thu nhdp thd'p cd nhd d vd tid'p can dffdc cdc an sinh xd hgi: Ty Id ngtfdi ngheo dd thi dang cd xu hffdng tdng len vd ngffdi ngheo do thi ngay edng khd khan hdn dd cd dffdc nhd d, ciing nhff tid'p can cdc djch vu, an sinh xa hdi. Ve nhd d, trong bd'i canh qua trinh dd thi hda dien ra nhanh chdng cung vdi stf phat tnen ciia nen kinh te'thi trtfdng, ngtfdi ngheo va ngtfdi thu nhap thd'p ngay cdng cd rd't it cd hgi de co dtfdc mdt chd d phii hdp. Ngay tff dau, can pbai cd cac giai phdp ddng bg de cac hd ngheo va ngffdi thu nhap thd'p cd dtfdc nhd d, nhtf: tfu ddi cho ngtfdi mua nha bang cdcb: kbi ngtfdi ddn da ticb luy mdt phdn tien bang 20% gid nha, hg sd dtfde ngdn bang
chinh sdeh cho vay thdm d6 du tra tien mua nhd mpt lan (ddy la khoan vay dai han, ldi sua't thd'p va dtfdc th6' cha'p bang chinh can nhd do); tao dieu kien vd quy da't va vd'n cho cac doanh nghidp phat trien nha d xa hdi, theo do chinh quyen dia phtfdng phai ddnh quy dd't de xay nhd d xa hpi can ldp quy hoach stf dung da't, quy boach xay dtfng dd thi, phdi phdn dinh rd ndi ndo la dd't lam nha d thtfdng mai, ndi nao la dd't ddnh de xay nhd cho ngtfdi thu nhap thd'p...
Tren cd sd nhflng vffdng mdc, tdn tai, ba't cap ndu tren, chung tdi cho rang, khdng nha't thiet bang mgi gia phdi dd thj hda ndi nay hay ndi kia, va'n de phai bao dam phdt tridn hdi hda giffa khu vffc ndng thdn va thanh thi. Mat khac, hien tai, chung ta dang trong qua trinh xay dtfng ndng thdn mdi. Vi vdy, Nha nffde can phai tang ctfdng hdn nffa dau tff cho phdt tridn kinh te', vdn hda, xa hgi khu vtfc ndng thdn, vung mien. Nhanh chdng thu hep khoang each giau, ngheo trdn ta't ca cdc binh didn ciia cudc sd'ng giffa ndng thdn va thanh thi, dd chinh la nhidm vu ciia pbdt tridn bin vflng con ngtfdi hien nay •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Vdn kiin dgi hdi Dai bieu todn qud'c Id thU XII, Nxb Chinh tri Qud'c gia, 2016
2. Ddo Hodng Tud'n. Pbdt Irii'n do tin ben vUng- Mdt so' vdn di vi ca sd ly ludn vd thuc liin. Vien Nghiin c^u Mdi trudng vd Phdt triin bin vdng Viin Khoa hgc Xd hot Viet Nam.
3. Dd thi hoa mdi trUdng. Trang web htlp://chuyen-de-moi-lruong.vinathuan.com, 4. Li Hong Ke. Dd thi hda vd su phdt trien bin vitng. Hdi Quy hogch phdt trien do thi Viet Nam.
5. Le Xudn Bd. 2010. Hien tUffng di ddn de'n thdnh phd'. Nhdn dinh vd de xudt chinh sdch. K\ ye'u Hdi thao khoa hoc Phdt tnen dd thi bin vUng TP. Ho Chi Minh. Thdng 5/2010. Viin Nghien cdu Qudn ly Kinh ti'Trung ucmg.
6. Bdo cdo Bd Xdy dung 2016. Tdng ki'l thi hdnh phdp ludt ve qudn ly phdt trien dd thi d Viit Nam.
7. http://tongdieutradanso.vn/cong-bo-ket-qua-iong-dieu-tra-dan-so-2019.hlml truy cgp 12.07.19.
8. Quye't dinh sd 445/2009/TTg ve diiu chinh dinh hudng Quy hoach long the phdt trien be thdng do tin Viet Nam de'n ndm 2025 vd tdm nhin de'n nam 2050.
9. http://kinhtedothi.vn/ty-le-do~thi-hoa-nam-2019-se-dat-40-336325.html Cdp nhdt ngdy 16/02/2019.
210 So22-Tlnang 12/2019
QUANTRI-QUANLY
Ngay nhan bai: 8/11/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va su'a chffa: 18/11/2019 Ngay chap nh§n dang bai: 28/11/2019
Thong tin tdc gid:
TS. TRUdNG VAN DUNG Vi$n nghidn cti'u Con ngtfdi
Vi$n Han lam khoa hoc xa hdi Viet Nam
URBANIZATION WITH SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM
• PhD, TRUONG VAN DUNG Institute of Human Studies Vietnam A c a d e m y of Social Sciences
ABSTRACT:
Urbanization with sustainable human development is an indispensable requirement in the current process of socio-economic development. However, fast-growing development will have negative consequences for society. Therefore, the research paper proposes useful solutions for the process of formulating and making policy of the State, fulfilling the goal of building and developing sustainable people according to the Party's Resolution.
Keywords: Urbanization, sustainable development, people, society, economy.
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