PetroVietnam tru'dc
CGf hoi va thach thufc mdi
ThS. TRINH VAN PHONG, ThS. NGO THI HONG HANH
H§ th^ng cdng nghidp dSu khi qud'c gia Vi§t Nam da ctf ban d^y du tuf khSu tim kid'm tham do, khai thae - phat tri#n cdng nghidp Idii - di$n - chd' bid'n va dich vi^ d i u Idii. Hoat dOng san xuS't kinh doanh dat hieu qua cao, mang l^i ngudn thu \6n cho d^t ni^dc. Tuy nliidn, trifle nhffng canh tranh gay gat trong hdi nh$p, PetroVietnam cung dang gap Ididng it nhifng kho Idian, thach thifc.
VA( TRO CUA NGANH DAU KHI DQ.I VCfl KINH TE, AN NINH BIEN DAO
Vidt Nam dffdc xd'p thff ba ttong khu vffc Ddng Nam A vd thtf 31 ttdn thd gidi ve san Itfdng diu thd vd khi dd't. Ngdnh Diu khi cd mtfc ddng gdp khodng 20%
- 25% GDP hang nam eua Viet Nam.
Trong 6 thdng dau nam 2013, nhd hoat dgng effa ba gid'ng dau khi mdi, cu thd Id Hai Stf Trang (19/05), Hai Stf Den (19/06) vd Thd Trang (30/6), tdng sdn Itfdng diu ra diu khf cua Vidt Nam tdng 5% so vdi cffng k j nam trtfdc vd dat tdng edng 13,64 ttidu td'n quy ddi, ttong dd cd 8,34 ttidu td'n diu tiid vd hdn 5,3 tf mdt khdi khi.
Hidn nay, diu thd khai thdc chff yeu dffdc xult khiu, ttong khi khi ttf nhien la hoan todn dffde sff dung eho tieu dung ttong ntfdc. Trong 6 thdng diu nam 2013, khdi Iffdng diu thd xult khiu tang 1,3% so vdi nam ngoai va dat 4,29 tridu tin. Theo dtf bdo cua BMI (Buniess Monitoring Intemational), ede md (mdi dtfa vdo hoat dgng) dtfdc ki vgng se dly manh cdng sud't sdn xua't diu khi tff mtfc 335,400 tiiung/ngdy nam 2012 Idn 390,700 tiiung/ngdy vdo nam 2016 vdi mffc tang ty Id tang trffdng kep hdng ndm (CAGR) 4%. Nganh Dau khi Vidt Nam cho thd'y tridn vgng ddi han vd hffa hen tdng trtfdng manh me hdn ttong tffdng Iai.
Kdt qud trien khai dau tff cdc edng trinh diu khi eua PettoVietnam dd hinh thdnh ndn cdc khu cdng nghidp tdp trung tai: Bd Ria - Vung Tdu, Ddng Nai, Ca
^
Mau, Dung Qua't (Quang Ngai), Dd Nang, Nghi Sdn (Thanh Hod)...
Ben canh dd. PettoViemam da ludn phdi hdp chat che vdi Bd Qudc phdng, Bd Ngoai giao, Bd Cdng An vd cdc bd/ngdnh lidn quan khdc ttong vide tridn khai cdc nhidm vu ttdn bidn Ddng vd hdi ddo; Phd'i hdp vdi Bg Ngoai giao hoan thanh Bdo cao qude^ia ve ranh gidi ngoai them lue dia Viet Nam de trinh Uy ban Thdm luc dia Lien hdp qude; Phdi hdp vdi Bd ttf Idnh Hdi qudn trien khai dtf dn xdy lap, sffa chtfa vd ndng cd'p ede edng trinh diu khi ttong khu vtfc quin ddo Trtfdng Sa, xdy dtfng hd thdng chidu sdng, dtf dn sdn xuat nang Itfdng sach vd ntfdc sach tai quin dao Trffdng Sa; Tff td chtfc khdo sdt dia chd'n ttdn them lue dia Vidt Nam (trffde ddy chung ta phdi thud cde tau ntfdc ngodi thffe hien).
CO HQI VA THACH THUC
Dinh htfdng phdt trien effa PettoVietnam ttong nhiftig nam tdi Id tap trung phdt tridn vdo 5 lmh vtfc kinh doanh ehinh: thdm dd - khai thde dau khi, Ige hda diu, edng nghiep khi, cdng nghidp didn vd dieh vu ky thudt dau khi ehd't Iffdng eao. Trong dd, Iinh vtfc tim kidm thdm dd, khai thdc diu khi la boat ddng edt ldi.
Nhflng thach thtfc vd cd hdi ma PetroVietnam gap phdi ttong thdi gian tdi la:
Cdhgi
Stf dn dinh cua dd't ntfdc va uy tin cffa Viet Nam ndi chung, cung nhtf cua PetroVietoam ndi ridng trdn trtfdng qudc te ngdy edng nang eao. Day Id didu kidn rat quan ttgng de PettoVietnam cd thd huy dOng ngudn Itfc ca ttong vd ngodi ntfdc cho stf phdt ttien nhanh, bdn vffng.
Bd mdy lanh dao PettoVietnam doan kd't tdt, cd uy tin, nang ddng, ddm nghT, ddm ldm, dam chiu ttdch nhidm. PettoVietnam da tich luy them dffde nhieu kinh nghidm vd qudn ly vd dieu hanh; dgi ngu edn bg vd edng nhan ky tiiudt da ed nhieu kinh nghiem tff viec
Economy and Forei:jsi Review
43
rcfa - TRAO DOI
tiiffc hidn dau ttf, van hanh cde dtf dn/c6ng tilnh Idn,
edng nghd cao. :.
Sau hdn 6 nam ttd tiidnh thanh vidn ehinh thtfc cffa Td chrfc Thtfdng mai tiid gidi (WTO), vide md rdng ede hdp tdc song phtfdng cffa Vidt Nam dd vd dang tao tiidm mdi trtfdng vd tiii tiitSng cho Pettovietaam md rdng san xuat, xud't khau.
Van de an mnh nang Irfdng eua cdc qudc gia va Idi nhu$n cao tff hoat ddng dau khi mang lai se tidp tuc thu hut diu ur vdo Hnh vffe ndy ttf khdu tiiffdng ngudn tdi trung ngudn, ha ngudn va dich vu - thtfdng mai...
Thdeh thdc
d ttong ntfde, ttf nam 2013 - 2015 nhidu cam kd't WTO ddn thdi han thtfe tiii, nhd't la cdc earn kd't ve md effa linh vffe dieh vu, tai chlnh, bdn Id... tao ra thdeh thffe khdng nh6 ddi vdi cdc doanh nghidp ttong nffdc, ttong dd cd Petto Viemam.
Trong thdi gian tdi, hang loat cac dtf dn Idn, ed mffc diu tff cao cffa Petro Viemam ttong giai doan tridn khai thffc hidn, nen sffe ep ve thu xd'p vdn Id rd't Idn. Bdn eanh dd, tidm nang huy ddng vdn diu ttf cho dau khi ttong ntfdc cd ban, stf can thiep cua ntfdc ngoai d bidn Ddng cdn nhidu phffe tap; vide tridn khai ede dtf an tim kiem thdm dd vd khai thdc diu khi d nffdc ngodi ngdy cdng khd khdn do phai canh ttanh trtfc tiep vdi cdc tdp dodn/cdng ty diu khi Idn ttdn thd' gidi.
Gid cd cua nhidu loai thidt bi, vdt ttf, nhidn lidu ehu yd'u vd dich vu lidn quan dd'n ho^t dgng sdn xult, kinh doanh, diu ttf cd nhiftig didn bid'n phtfe tap se gay dp Itfc dd'n ehi phi va mat bang gia ttong ntfde, dnh htfdng de'n hi$u qud diu ttf, cung nhtf kha nang canh ttanh cua cde ddn vi ttong Petto Viemam.
He thdng cde ed chd, ehinh sdch cda Nhd ntfdc lien quan ddn boat dOng ciaa cdc tdp dodn kinh te cdn tidp tuc hoan chinh. PettoVietaam se khdng trdnh khdi sif canh tranh gitfa sdn phim san xuat ttf edng nghd hidn dai (rd net nhd't Id sdn pham dien, dam) vdi sdn phim dtfdc san xult tff cdng nghd cu, v ^ chat Iffdng thip.
GIAI PHAP CHO PHAT TRIEN
Thdi gian tdi, dff bao kinh td tidp tuc didn bid'n phffe t?ip vd tidm In nhidu rui ro; tiitfdng mai toan clu phue hdi cham. Vi vdy, Petro Vietaam se t|ip trung moi ngudn life, tiitfe hien ddng bg cde giai phdp dd phan ddu hodn tiidnh vd hoan tiidnh vtfdt mtfc cdc ehi tidu, nhidm vu Chinh phii giao:
Mgt Id, ve tim kiem, tham dd, khai thdc diu khi. Gia tdng tnr Itfdng giai doan 2011-2020 len 35 - 45 tiidu tan quy diu/ndm. Khai tiiac diu khi ddn ndm 2020 dat 44 tiidu td'n quy diu/nam, den ndm 2030 duy tii dn dinh mtfc 44 tiidu tan.
Haijd, ve chd bid'n vd phan phdi sdn phim d i u khi. Dau ttf duy tri cdng suat Igc diu vd cdng suat san xuat nhidn lidu sinh hoe nham ddp ffng khoang 80% nhu clu san pham xang d i u ttong ntfdc. Nang edp Nhd mdy Lge d i u Dung Quat, xay dtfng cdc nhd mdy Lgc diu Nghi Sdn, Long Sdn. Cdng sui't loc d i u
dat 16-20 tii^u tl'n/nam vdo nam 2020 [ vd 30 ttidu tdn/ndm vdo ndm 2030. T$]p trung xdy dtfng cde td hdp hoa diu kdt hdp vdi lge dau vd ngudn nguyen lidu kM. Nang tdng cdng suat san xuat cac loa phdn bdn chinh cffa Petrovietaam chidm khoang 70% - 75% nhu clu trong ntfde.
Xay diAig he thdng phan phdi san phim dau khi; xay diftig cdc kho chtfa tkng frff diu thd bdo dam bdo ngudn nguydn lieu vdn hanh cdc nhd mdy lge diu.
Ba Id, ve edng nghidp khi. Cung cap khi eho tidu thu cdng nghidp (rieng eho san xui't di$n dd chidm 70% -*80%) vd dan sinh ttong ntfdc; tieh cffe dau ttf, phat trien theo htfdng da dang hod thi tnfdng tieu thu, vdi quy md sdn Itfdng (cd san xuait vd nhdp khiu) 8 - 20 ty m' vdo nam 2020 vd duy tii den nam 2030.
- v d phdt trien cd sd vat chat ha ting cdng nghidp khi: Phat trien cdng nghidp khi ddng bd, trong do tap trung xay dUb^
hd thd'ng ha tang cdng nghiep kM qn^
gia: hoan chinh ha ting cdng nghiep khi khu vtfc phia Nam, hinh thanh ha ^ng cdng nghidp khi khu vtfe phia Bac vd midn Trung; ttfng btfde trien khai xdy dtfng hd thong m^ng ndi dffdng dng din khi lidn vffng, lidn khu vtfc.
- v d san xult khi hda Idng (LPG):
Dau ttf cac dtf dn sdn xuat LPG Q^ng ntfdc (tff cac nhd mdy ehd' bien khi va nha mdy Igc dau), md rdng cdng suit cac kho chtfa LPG hien cd vd xdy diftig mdi de dap fftig nhu cau trong ntfdc vdi quy mo khoang 2 tiidu tan vdo nam 2015 va 3 - 4 trieu tan vdo ndm 2025. Trong bdi canh thu xdp ngudn tiian nhdp khau cho cdc dtf an nhidt didn dang tiien khai hidn nay dang g^p rd't nhidu khd khan, canh bao vd mgt thdeh thffc khdng nho ttong vSii dd nhltp khiu khd'i Itfdng tiian Idn (ti'en 100 tiidu tlh/ndm vdo ndm 2030). Vi vdy, chff tiifdng nhdp khiu khi hod long dd phuc vu nhu clu sdn xud't didn ttong ntfdc cua Peti:oVietnam Id cln tiiidt
- v d cdng nghidp didn: Ph^n diu tdng cdng suS"! cde nha mdy didn ciSa PetroViettiam ddn nam 2020 la 11.000 MW; den 2030 Id tten 14.000 MW.
Nghidn cffli diu ttf phdt tiidn ndng Itfdng tai tao ttdn cd sd ddm bdo hieu qud kinh td, xd hdi, mdi tttfdng.
Ve dieh vu ky thudt diu khi: Ddn nam 2020 ddp tfng 60% - 70% nhu clu dieh vu dau khi ttong ntfdc, ddn nam 2030 cd bdn ddp ff^g dtfdc nhu clu dieh vu ttong ntfdc.Q
