PHAN THUC TRl/C VA THI PHAM VE THANG LONG, HA NQI
N G U Y E N THI O A N H ' * '
N
hieu ngu6i da biet den nhan cdch va tai nang ciia Tham hoa Phan Thuc True (1808-1852)'" qua Cdrn hdi tdp^ ' va Quoc su di hien'' \ nhung chua the biet het ve dep sau ISng trong tam hon cua nha tho xir Nghe. Trong Vdn ldm dieu long, Luu Hiep co viet: "...CJ trong long la chi, phat ra la lai tha. con ngucri co that tinh ting vai vat ma cam xiic, cam vat ma noi chi", cho nen de hieu va danh gia dung gia tri tiem an trong con nguai ong, tho ca la nguon tu lieu khong the thieu vai cac nha nghien ciru. Cdrn Binh thi luyen tdp do Nxb.KHXH''" cho ra doi vao nSm 2011 da dap irng dugc niem mong moi do ciia cac nha nghien cuu. Cdm Dinh thi tuyen tap gom 375 bai tha ehir Han va ch&
Nom dugc Phan Thuc True sang tac trong khoang thai gian tCr truoc nSm 1841 den 1852. Cung nhu cac tac gia van hgc trung dai khac, tir Cdm Binh (hi (uyen tdp, nguai dgc co the cam nhan tinh cam sau lang cua ong doi vol gia dinh, ban be... linh yeu thien nhien va y thuc trach nhiem cua ngucri cam biit doi voi nhirng van de cua dat nuac. Hai tap Bdc hdnh (hi lhdo va Tu phuong lan phd
trong Cdm Dinh (hi luyen ldp la hai tap tha ong sang tac nhan dip ra Bac va thai gian di sim tam sach va 6 cac dia phucmg theo l?nh chi ciia nha vua. Trong so cac bai tha sang tac tren hanh trinh ra Bac, so lugng bai tha viet ve Thang Long, Ha Npi nhieu nhat (30 bai) da cho thay canh vat thien nhien va con ngucri Ha Npi luon chiem mgt vj tri dac biet trong sang tac ciia ong.
Theo Cdm Dinh thi luyen tap, lan dau tien thi sT hg Phan ra Ha Ngi la vao nam Thi?u Trj thir 3 (1843). Canh quan thien nhien ky thii ciia manh dat "rong bay" da gop phan san sinh ra vo so truyen thuyet. huyen thoai day hap dan loi cuon buac chan ciia nguai thi si.
Khi tai tham mgt so di tich lich sir dat Ha Thanh nhu Tran Vu quan cr Ho Tay, ong ducmg nhu bi cuon hut boi cau chuydn Ijch sir pha mau sic huyen thoai.
Dimg tnrac Tran Vu quan, dugc nghe ve
!ich sir ve Ho Tay vai chuyen la trau vang an duoi long ho, nghe tieng chuong chay, hiic dat sut xuong thanh ho... doi vcri ong con hay huyen ao, ly ky hem ' •' PGS.TS.Vien Nghien ciru Han Nom.
PHAN THUC TRUC VA THI PHAM VE THANG LONG, HA NOI truyen thuyet ben TSn viSt vS viec due
pho tugng Ly Ong Trgng ben trong chira muoi hai nguai:
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Tam dich tho:
...Chdnggiong v&i ihuyil Tdn ih&i Bung Ong Trong chua mu&i hai hinh ngu&i.
Long ho trau dn mgt nai.
Nghe chudng trdu chgy chuyen th&i Ig thay...
{Qudn Trdn VU & Hd Tdy) Trong suot chieu dai lich su dung nuac va giir nuoc, dan tgc ta luon la d6i tugng xam lugc hang dku cua ngucri phucmg Bac. nhimg cuoi ciing chi^n thang luon diing ve phia chinh nghia. K6t qua do tat nhien la do no lire ciia toan dan tgc ma CO. Tran Vu quan tCr xua dugc coi nhu mgt biic tuong thanh ngan can mgi no lire xam lugc ciia ke thu, do khong phai la mgt cai nhin mang tinh duy tam, ma ro rang ngoi quan la mgt dai dien cho su ton tai hang ngan nam ciia lich sir van hoa dan tgc. Sue manh cua dan tgc khong chi 6 su thong nhat con nguai ma con & niii song bo coi, a nguyen khi tich tu ngan nam nai do hgi.
CJ mgt diem nhin khac, nhung gi con xot lai ciia chien tranh bao gia cung ggi mgt sue ngng tir qua khu, no ton tgi nhu mgt minh chiing ro rang nhat cho tinh thdn dan tgc. Sir ton tai ciia 3 khau sung thep truac xuong due tien qua bao
bien dgng cua thai gian, duai con mSt ciia nha tha Igi mang mgt sire s6ng manh liet. Hay noi khac di. chinh nha tho da thoi honthicng vao nhii'ng hien vat vo tri vo giac:
jn ^ rirj a fit 1^ ^
'j^ -f i a ^ ^ it Dich nghTa;
...Sling thep, siing thep, sao nguai that linh thieng, Trung trinh dg cung mua sa gio tap.
Than 6i. chinh khi co thg lap ddy troi dat, Phia duai thanh niii song, ben tren
lam mat trai va cac vi sao...
{Co .tdng & xu&ng due tiin) Neu dpc nhimg cau tho nhu: "Than 6i, chinh khi co th^ ldp d4y troi ddt'"...
thi thay bai tha khong dcm gian chi la su mo ta ve ba khau siing nam phai suang phai nang o truac cira xudng diic tien, ma qua do nha tho muon bgc bach, giri gam tam su. Ong lam bai tho nay vao thai diem sau vai ba lan that bai a nai truong 6c, voi cac cugc vugt vii mon khong nhu y muon. Qua bai tha, ong nhu mu6n
"xoc lai tinh than" vai mgt "khi th£ ngim ngut" nhu trong Chinh khi ca cua Van Thien Tuang dai Tong (Trung Quoc)'^' Truac kho khan thur thach cua cugc doi, ong nhu muon lam khau siing thep "trung trinh dg ciing mua sa gio tap". Nhung van tho mang dam noi niem tam su khong phai vai ban be tri ky ma tnroc het vcri "ngi tinh", voi chinh ban than minh.
TAP C H i HAN N 6 I V 1 SO 5 (114) - 2012 NGUYEN THI OANH Trong chuyen ra 1 hi Ngi lan d6. ong
con tdi tham di tich den Bach Ma. thuge phuang Hh Khau, huy^n Thg Xuong. Ici nai thd Long Do than quan Quang Lai Bach Ma dai vuang. Bai tha v6n v^n c6 4 cau nhung cho thay niem say me ciia nha tho. muon khdm pha nh&ng huyen thoai vc viing dat dia linh nhan kigt ciia dat Thang Long. Su say mc do cgng vdi ca hgi ma so phan sau nay trao cho, da giiip ong trd thanh mgt nha "van hoa hgc" CO cong lao ldn trong vi^c suu tam ghi chep phong tuc, tin ngudng dan gian...'^'
r^m^at it
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Tam dich tho:
Chdng biel ddt Thdng Long.
Sao biel den Bgch Md.
Bdc Nam khdp mr&c lh&.
Bia ldn di lich do.
{Vinh den Bgch Md) Doi vdi nha tha, mgt Ha Ngi vdi hang ngan di tich lich sir nhu quan Trdn Vu, den Bach Ma. noi tieng khdp trong Nam ngoai Bac... da la de tai hdp ddn de nha tha hoai niem ve qua khir, nhung khung canh thien nhien vdi cugc song thudng nhat ciia ngudi dan kinh thanh Thang Long ven song Nhj cung la diem nhan de ong nhd tdi mgt trong ba muoi danh thdng cua Ha Ngi da dugc cac nha Nho vinh tha (tam thap vinh). Dudi ngoi biit cua ong, buc tranh ta canh sinh hoat tren song dudi ben
bSn d6ng song Nhi trong bai NhT ihuy hieu (inh J^'Kfjfci^ (Ndng sdm tren song Nhj) da hi?n ra song dgng. Kinh thanh doi vdi ong kh6ng chi la noi de thudng ISm mi d d6 ca mgt ddi song sinh hogt, lam an buon b^n ciia biet bao con ngudi binh dj, ong yeu cd nhihig nggn den suang tan buoi sdm. yeu tieng g5 mdi cheo ciia ngudi dua do v^ dnh nang ban mai lung linh tren bai cat song Hong:
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Tgm djch tho:
Bgi La do hot ngdn ndm.
Phil Luong ben trdi chay quanh mot dong.
Bern (dn ben mo cha rong.
Long Bicn mini (gnh. cd( song strong ddy.
Khdch (huyen d&i ben Irong mdy.
Tai .sdng ngir&i hdi. (huyen day lu&(
sang.
Ba mirai danh thdng ro rdng, Sdng yen nu&c bice menh mang Nhi
Hd.
{Ndng sam Iren song Nhi) Thien nhien luon Id doi tugng tham my quan trgng ciia tho ca, no la dk tai bat tan de thi sT mgi thdi dai giri gam nhijng cung bac cdm xiic ciia minh trudc
PHAN THUC TRgC VA THI PHAM VE THANG LONG, HA NQI ve dep ciia dat trdi, trSng sao. eo cay,
hoa la... tir do lam len nhung van tha tua nhu hgt nggc lung linh. huyen ao.
Trudc phong canh thien nhien tuyet dep cua Ha Ngi, thi sT hg Phan eung da chdp dugc nhung khoanh khde xuat than ciia thien nhien vao liic sdp giao miia. nam cu chuyen sang nam mdi:
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Djch tho:
... Mua ray nong dqm sac mai, Nghieng nghieng kham Iriic bong cdi
khoi lam. . {Man dn) Chi bang vai net cham pha, nha tho da ve len buc tranh thien nhien o La Thanh vao buoi som that tuyet dieu, day mau s4c. Cac hinh anh tha nhu " te vii"
(mua ray), "Nong dam mai" (sac mai dam)", "tnic anh" (bong tnic), "han yen"
(khoi lam lanh)... dugc nha tho sir dung ggi cho chiing ta nho tgi cac cau tho ctia nha tho Luu Trugng Khanh thoi nha Duong trong tap tho Biet Nghiem ST Nguyen: "T6 vu thSp y khan bat ki^n;
Nhan hoa lac dia thinh vo thanh" (Tam djch: LJt phat mua bay chang hay ao uot;
La la hoa rung nao thSy tieng roi); hay trong tap tho C/ng chidu quan Bdc Ho diin thu Ciia Nhan Dien Chi thai nha T6ng CO cau: "Duong luc doan tinh khi, Am c6c due han yen" (Tam dich: Dat bang sang sua tinh khi tu. Hang sau rgp bong khoi Iam giang)... Tuy dugc chat lgc tir tho ca c6 dien nhung tho ciia thi sT ho Phan khong ggi cho chiing ta cam giac nham chan, boi do la nhihig hinh
anh tho co gia trj bieu dat cao v^ mat ngi dung va nghe thuat. hon nCra no lai dugc nha thg sir dung mgt each sang tao va dgc dao.
Khi luu lai 6 kinh do cham thi vao nhiJng ngay cuoi nam. Phan Thiic True CO nhung dem duang nhu khong ngu.
Ong thang thot truoc ve dep ciia thien nhien Ha Noi trong dem trang sang nhung cam thay co don khi cugc ruou tan. chi con lai mgt minh voi khong gian tinh lang:
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i i f i i T T Dich tho:
Ruau tdn ngu&i ve vien, Troi lanh, trdng day sdn.
Huang mai dd ngdi thodng.
Hdi du&ng tinh mong trdn Mat ddi suang hoa trdng, Truoc rem dnh co xanh.
Oanh rimg keu tim ban, Riu rit tieng chim ngdn.
(B6n bdi lap vinh ldm a tru&ng thi) Trong s6 bai tho thi si hg Phan sang tac trong lin di suu tim sach vo tai Ha Ngi, H6 Tay luon la de tai hap din nha tho khong chi vol nhung huyin thoai lung linh mo ao, ma canh vat Ho Tay
TAP CHi H A N N 6 M S^ 5 (114) - 2012 NGUY£N THI OANH
that si^ Id nhu-ng chat ligu de nha tha Idm nen nhiing van tha lai ldng:
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Dich th(r:
Than di Trdn Vu thieng sao.
Ho Tdy sdng ggn lao xao ddp denh.
Nguai nay dirng ngdm trdng ngdn, Menh mang tr&i ddt thi vdn vut cao.
(Qudn Trdn VU & Ho Tdy) Ho Tay luon la de tdi cho nhihig tao nhan mde khach den thudng ngoan thing canh. Phong canh hihi tinh tho mgng ciia Ho Tay lam lay dgng khong biet bao tam hon thi si. Nguyen Huy Lugng phdi thot len: "Xinh thay ednh Tay Ho, La thay canh Tay H6" {Tdy hd phii). Thi sT hg Phan ciing phai tu bdo vdi long minh:
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Tgm dich tho:
Yeu sao ihdng canh Tdy H6.
Ngdy he gio thoi song xo mdt long.
Hoa sen theo gio huang trong, Diu hiu bdng true ben song mua nhoa.
Nhu xua thdnh qudch reupha, Niii song chdng doi bao la mgi mdu...
{[riyeu])
NhQ-ng bdi tha viet ve kinh do ciia Phan Thue True khong chi c6 chieu sau md con co cd chieu rgng, khong chi co qud khir md c6n c6 ca hi^n tai. Qua khu gdn lien vdi niem tvr hdo dan tgc cua mgt nhd viet sii bao nhieu thi hi?n tai igi dua ong gan vdi ngudi thi sT bay nhieu. C6 the noi. qua nhO-ng van tha cCia Phan Thiic Tryc. kinh thdnh ngan ndm vdn hien da hi?n ra vol dii mgi chieu kfeh ciia nd. Qua khu thi mang dam ddu an ciia thdi gian, con hi^n tai thi tham dam khong gian. Doi vdi ong, kinh thdnh khong chi Id niem t\r hdo ma c6n c6 cd noi dau chinh chien; hi^n tgi thanh binh da phai tra gia bang qua khu dau thuang. Trong boi canh ngudi Phap ngay cdng can thi?p sau vao ngi bg trieu dinh nha Nguyen, cac cugc khdi nghia no ra khdp nai... thi cugc trd ra Ha Ngi vao cuoi ndm 1851 ddu 1852 cLia Phan Thiic True khong con hao hiic nhu nhQ-ng ngay ong mdi dat chan tdi kinh thanh Thdng Long nira. Hai bai tho ong ldm khi du chai d Tay Ho vdo ngdy he da khong con nhieu sy hao hung, niem vui ciia mgt con ngudi timg trai da khong con trgn v?n. dau do van an chiia mgt noi buon bang bac vi the sy be dau, khien cdu tha hay dugm mau buon bd:
^ f^ — ^ ii Kinh ky ddt dy nghT sdu.
Xung quanh lau gde cd lau ldn ddy.
Bdi tha thii hai lam d H6 Tay ciing day tam trgng:
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PHAN THUC TRt;C VA THI PHAM Vt THANG LONG, HA NOI mmi^ «c 151 p/f j h
Tam dich tha:
Ndo hay be Bdc ra sao Chdng bdng hong mat Idu cao Tdy Hd Bong con mua den bdt ng&
Bdn chan rira sgeh. lau kho bui (rdn.
{Ldm hai bdi (ha khi du chai Tdy Hd vdo ngdy he)
Phan Thlie True khong co nhieu dip ra Ha Ngi. Sau ndm 1843, ong co ba lan trd lai dat Thang Long, do Id vdo thdi gian ndm 1848 khi ra chdm thi d trudng Hd Ngi va hai lan vao cuoi ndm 1851 ddu nam 1852. Luc nay cugc tiep xiic Dong Tay timg budc lam xao trgn xa hgi Viet Nam. Diing trudc da tam xam lugc Viet Nam ciia thuc dan Phdp, d trieu dinh da co su dau tranh gay gat giira hai phai chii chien, chu hoa. Su ran nirt trong ngi bg trieu dinh vua Tu Diic liic bdy gid khong phai ong khong biet. Bdi tha tren phdn anh phdn nao tam trang cua ong sdn sdng cho mgt cugc "tni tam khi mua xuong", trd ve "rira chan, giat mil"
thanh than Iam bai tho vinh cugc ddi. Bai tho ciing cho thay niem tin ciia ong vdi trieu dinh bay gid da lung lay, cdi ly tudng kinh bang te the ciia dao hgc ma ong theo duoi ran nut, doi vdi ong, neu phdi "trd ve" thi do khong chi la bi kich cua rieng ong ma cdn Id hi kich cua cd tdng ldp tri thiic cung thdi vdi ong md sau nay Nguyin Khuyen Id dgi bieu.
Phan Thiic True gdn bo vdi thien nhien Hd Ngi, vdi nhiing con ngudi Hd Ngi. Cung nhu nhieu nha nho ducmg thdi, ong luon md long vdi ngudi thdn.
bgn be vdi tinh than hoa d6ng thdn thi^t.
Cac bdi tho noi ve bgn huu chiSm mgt so lugng ldn trong tha ciia ong. D6i vdi ong, ban be Id nhihig ngudi tri dm tri ky, ciing nhau chia xe nggt bui, nhung liic ddng cay:
... Biet loi sdu mugn thu an iii, Mo( goi che huang ciing xe doi (Bdi Quan Tri huy$n Tien Lir hg Nguyen giri bieu trd vd chia budn vi viec ngu&i vg qud co. nhdn do ldm bdi tha gui lgi).
Ong la ngudi "hay chuyen", thudng danh nhieu thdi gian trai long vdi nhimg ngudi ban:
...Cu&i (hay (udi (dc giuc ngu&i.
Chuyen vui v&i khdch chdng thoi duoc ndo.
{Tu Ihudl) Tha "thil ung" thudng dugc xem la logi tha xa giao, chi cot khoe cau hay, ehir kho, nhung vdi Phan Thiic True cdc bdi tha tang dap gidu tinh xac thuc, dam chat trii' tinh. Ngay lan dau tien ra Ha Ngi gap ga vdi nhung ngudi bgn, ong da thot len "Buoi dau gap mat da nhu quen", mong muon "Sao khong vi Hgi Tu van ma dinh udc Idi the":
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i^ Mit^'tm'M jx Ol S'J ^ ^S f i Tam djch tha:
Nui LTnh ngdy xudn ngdn ngon biec, Hd Tdy trdng sdng bon miia in.
TAPCHI HAN NOM so 5 (114) - 2012 NGUYiN THI OANH
Niii simg chu khdch nai ntri (be, 11 Hgi Tu vdn nigl ir&c nguyen.
{Glii (am bi('( Tu (di Ifc a phu&ng Hd khdu. Tii (di Hdng aplnr&ng An Thdi vd Td (di Vdn &xd Minh Tdo. Bdc Thdnh).
Tren thdi gian d kinh thdnh. ong gap gd nhieu nhan vat noi tieng thdi bay gid nhu Tien sT Nguyen Vdn Ly. ngudi phuCTig Dong Tdc, huy^ii Thg xuong. Ngoai vii^c gdp gd vdi nhiing ngudi co trach nhi^m de hodn thdnh nhi?m vy vua giao. ong con luon to ra khiem ton, mudn hgc hoi ddcdc tgc tien boi:
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Tam dich tha:
...Nghe (ha loi ggp ngu&i hien.
Le ndo lgi (hen bdu ben ngu&i thdy.
(Viet tdng ong Nguyen Chi Binh) Chuyen di dai ngdy d lgi ddt Hd Thanh cung dem lgi cho ong nhieu cam gidc mdi Ig. Xet cho ciing, Phan Thuc True la mgt nha nho nong thon, cugc ddi gin bo vdi mdnh dat que ngheo lam lu, khi den vdi nai phon hoa pho thj, trirdC mgt loi song thi dan, ong khong khoi ban khodn, ngd ngdng:
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Tgm djch tha:
Bdc Ihdnh .suu Idm sdch.
Bdn Tel len Idu nam Tieng phdch nghe nhe nh^, Huang hoa thodng lan man.
Gap ngirai lo dep don.
Phong luu (ice (h&i nhdn.
C 'hieu mugn (ua hien ngdm.
C 'hai dem li^u cdn ham .^' ' (Ngdy xudn sau khi nghe hdt ldm bdi (ha (ang ehu nhdn hg Trdn vd Tu (di hg Hodng)
Phan Thiic True von Id san pham ciia nai cira Khong san Trinh, ngudi dam
"Cdm bd vdn chuang yet hdu tran" (Dam dem vdn chuong de td ro cho ngudi ddi sau). hay "Tu tin \dn chucmg hodn him dung, Tay vien danh gid ban ngo tao" (Tu tin vdn chuang van con cho dung - Vuon Tdy danh gid thuge nhd nho chiing ta) thi
"ong qud Id mgt trong nhimg ke sT "thuan Nho" CO hgng duong thdi"**'. Trudc mgt xa hgi md "kinh te hdng hoa - va di theo no la tu tudng thj dan"*^' dang dien ra d manh dat kinh k\ khien Phan Thiic True khi doi mdt vdi no ciing phai "guong ggo"
ma theo. Theo ddng nguyen chii dugc biet ong sdng tdc bdi tha ndy nhan djp di tim sach \ o. g$p ngay gan Tel, trg lai d lau nam nhd ong hg Tran (d pho Dong xuan), dugc bgn mdi di nghe hat a ddo, mgt thu vui tao nha ciia cac bgc nhd Nho tdi tir thdi bay gid. Vay md. nhip phach nhe nhe, miii thorn nhu huong hoa thoang thodng tir ngudi a dao hay ky nu cung khong idm ong xao xuyen, ong chi vd "theo I? ma vui vdi ngudi". Dugc bgn be ti§p dai thgt hau hinh, nhung vdi ong do chi la "ngudi doi nay thich tranh nhau khoe sir phong luu.
PHAN THUC TRgC VA THI PHAM VE T H A N G LONG, HA NQI
phong khoang" nen cung ddnh vui d8 chi^u "chu nha". Nhung nhiing cugc vui nhu the van co the theo ma "iing ti^p".
nhung con viec "ngudi xua cdm du6c di choi dem", den cac noi lau xanh ki6u "lau Tdn, miia Trieu"thi ong phdi tu ddt ra cau hoi cho minh "con ta thi the ndo ?".
Trong van hgc Vi?t Nam thdi trung dgi th^ ky XVIII - nira trudc the ky XIX den nira sau the ky XIX, "mgt thdi k\
phat trien dat den nhii'ng gid tri mdu muc vd CO dien vdi s\c gop mdt ciia nh&ng nhd nho binh dan vd nha Nho tai tir".
Noi theo cac nha nghien ciru thi van hgc giai dogn ndy co gdng bam sdt hien thuc va hudng tdi gidi phong tinh cam con ngudi. Cdi toi cd nhan cua cdc nhd tha ngdy cdng hoc Ig ro r?t, con ngudi vdi nhftng khia canh sau kin nhdt cung dugc phoi bay. Phan Thiic True ciing khong ngoai le. trong bai tho tren, ngoai viec cung cap mgt tu lieu ve loi song thi ddn cua Ha Ngi thdi bay gid, ong con cho thay sir giang co giiia loi song ciia mgt nhd Nho chudn muc, cd giii khoang cdch va ve dao mao vdi ben ngodi vdi mgt loi song thi dan ngay mgt thuc dung.
Tom lai, Thdng Long, Ha Ngi tuy khong phdi ncri thi sT hg Phan sinh ra vd ldn len, nhung nhiing ngay luu lai d mdnh ddt kinh ky de lai trong ong that nhiSu cam xiic. Dudi ngoi biit cua thi nhdn, mgt Hd Ngi vdi nhiing huyen thoai lung linh, md do, mgt Ha Ngi vdi ve dep H6 Tay, song Nhj... ve dep ciia cugc sdng con ngudi tren manh ddt kinh ky hien ra rd rd, thuc sir lay dgng tam hon ngudi dgc. Nhung van tho ve Ha Ngi ciia thi SI hg Phan dugc chit lgc tii chdt li6u thien nhien, con ngudi, ednh vat Hd
Ngi da trd thdnh vien nggc sdng, lam rgng rd them mdnh ddt ngdn ndm vdn hi8n. Co th^ n6i, kinh thdnh con Id nai ong hudng ve qua khir, ve c6i ngu6n siic manh dan tgc vd nhdng net dep ngan ndm. Thien nhien Hd Ngi Id ngu6n cdm himg thi ca vo tan ma d do ong nhan ra biet bao ve dep ciia tao hoa. Nhung bai tho the SU Id noi ong trdi nghi$m minh vd bdy to noi Io du, bgn be Id nai ong giri gam noi nhd thuang vd ehia se ,. Tat cd deu todt ien d ong mgt tdi nang vd mgt nhdn cdch ldn. Hy vgng nhung bai tha sdng tdc ve Ha Ngi noi rieng vd tac pham C 'dm Binh (hi (uyen (dp noi chung se la nhung tu lieu quy gid cho viec nghien cuu ve vdn hgc trung dai Viet Nam giai dogn the ky XIX.
Bai viet dugc su tdi trg ciia Quy Phat trien khoa hgc va Cong nghe Quoc gia (NAFOSTED). Xin chan thdnh cam on.
NT.O
Chu thich:
(1) Phan Thuc True (1808-1852) d6 Tham hoa ky thi Dinh n5m Thieu Trj thii 7 (1847), sau du"gc bo Han lam vien trudc tac.
Nam dau nien hieu Tir Due (1848), ong duge vao Ngi cac, roi thang T|p hien vi?n Thj dgc, sung chirc Kinh dien khdi cu chu, vang menh lam tha van luon dugc vua khen nggi. Nam Ty Due thii 4 (1851) ong vang chieu di suu tam sach vd d cac tinh Bdc Ky, nam sau (1852) ve den Thanh Hoa thi dot ngpt qua ddi, dugc truy tang Thj giang hgc sT (Theo Dgi Nam chinh bien liet truydn.
Nxb.Thuan Hoa, T.5, tr.799).
(2) Cdm hdi tap. Tap tha, trirdng mirng Phan Thiic True 66 Tham hoa ndm 1847 hien dugc luu triJ tai Vi?n Nghien ciru Han Nom, kyhi?u A.1474.
TAP C H i HAN N 6 M SO 5 (114) - 2012 NGUYiN THI OANH
(3) Qiiiic .sir di biC'ir N g u y i n Thj Oanh gidi thi^u, to chirc bien djch. Nhom djch clui: Nguyen Thj Oanh - Nguyen Thj 1 iiiivng - N g u y i n To Lan, N x b . K H X H , H. 2010.
(4) Cdm Dinh t/ii luyin idp Nguyen T l i | Oanh gidi tiiivii. phien am. djch chii. Tran Thj Bang Thanh hi?u dinh. Nxb. K H X H , H, 2011.
(5) Ph^m v a n Hung: Phan Thuc Tr{rc (!80H-1852): bin'rc cbinrn cuo van hgc ViC't Nam Irung dgi the ky XVIII - nmi (rin'rc tbi' k\- XIX .sang nua sau .sau the ky A7V Ddng trong Danh nhdn van boa Dinh nguyen Thdm hoa Phan Thuc Tna- (IHt)H-IH52).
Nxb. K H X H , H. 2012. tr.421-4.18 (6) Tran Thj A n : Mgt cdi nhin tham chieu tir goc dg vdn hdu hgc qua Quoc sirdi bien. Ddng trong Danh nhan vdn hoa Dinh nguyen Tham hoa Phan Thue Tryc (1808- 1852).Nxb. K H X H , H. 2012. tr.451-478.
(7) Nguyen chii: cau I , cau 2 la noi ndm nay nhan v i | c di tim sdch v d , ggp diing ngay gan Tet, trp lai d lau nam nha ong hg Tran ( d pho Dong Xuan). Cau 3, cau 4 la noi nghe tieng ca nhjp phach nhe nh?. hucmg hoa thoang thoang, do la noi y theo 1^ tiiy nai ma vui vdi ngudi. Cau 5, cau 6 trd xu6ng Id noi ngirdi ddi ngay nay tranh nhau khoe sy phong khoang hdo mgi, cung phai tiiy theo ma iing tiep. Con c6 cau nhir lau Tan miia Tri^u, chi vi^c xa xua, chieu dya lan can. cam thdy boi h6i, ngudi xua cam duoc di choi dem, con ta thi thS nao ? ».
(8) Phgm Vdn Hung: Phan Thuc Tr\rc (I808-J852): bu&c chuyen ciia vdn hgc Vi?l Nam Irung dgi the ky XVIII - nita irir&c the ky XIX sang nita sau sau thS ky XIX. Ddng trong Danh nhdn vdn hoa Dinh nguyen Thdm hoa Phan Thiic True (1808-1852).
N x b . K H X H , H. 2012, tr.421 -438.
(9) Nguyen Lgc; Vdn hgc Vi^l Nam (niia cu6i the ky X V I I I - het th6 ky X I X ) , Nxb.
Giiiod^ic, H, 2005, tr.45.
Tat livu t h a m khao 1. Thi hdn Nguyen Khuyen - d&i vd Iha.
Nguyen Hu? Cht chii bien. N x b . K H X H , H.
1992.
2. Lai Nguyfin A n (chu bifin) - Tu diin van bgc \ 'iet Nam. Nxb. Gido dye. H. 1997.
3. Tran Dhih Hugu: Nho gido vd vdn hgc Vi('t Nam tnmg cgn dai. Nxb. Giao ditc, H. 1997.
4. PhutTiig Lyu: Gap phdn xdc lgp h(' thong quan nii'in vein b(.>c. Nxb. Vdn hoa - Thong tin, H.2005.
5. Tran NghTa: Thu phdn logi Nho hgc Vi^t Nam qua cdc (hiri ki lich .su. Tham luan hpi thao quoc te ve Nho giao tgi Ha Noi. thang 11/2007.
6. Cdm Dinh (hi luyen lgp. Nguyen Thj Oanh phien am, djch chii, gidi thi^u. Nxb.
K H X H . H. 2011
7 Tran Dinh Sir. Thi phdp van hgc tnmg dgi ViC't Nam. Nxb. Dai hpe Quoc gia HN. 2005.
8. Bill Duy Tan: Theo dimg khao lugn van hgc Trung dgi Vii't .\am. Nxb. D^\ hgc (Juoc gia Ha Ngi. 2005.
9. Tran Nho Thin: Vdn h(K- trung dgi Vi?t Nam du&i goc nhin vdn hoa. Nxb. Giao dye, H. 2003.
10. Ve cim ngu&i cd nhdn (rong vdn hgc co.
Nhieu tac gia. Nxb. Giao dge, H.
11. Tran Nggc Vuang: Nhd Nho lai tir va vdn hgc Vi^t .\am. Nxb. Giao dye. H.
12. Vuong Thj Hudng: Nghien cuu vdn bim tha ehir Hdn cua Phgm Quy Thich. Lugn an TiensTNgCJvan. H. 2008.
13. Nguyen Thj Thanh Chung: Khdo sdt vdn ban vd nghien cim gid tri "Phuang Dinh vgn ly lgp" cua Nguyen Vdn Sieu Lugn an Tien si Ng& van. H. 2009.
30
PHAN T H i l C T R V C VA T H I PHAM VE T H A N C LONG, HA N p i 14. Nguyin Dang Na; Con du&ng gidi ma
vdn hpe trungdai. Nxb. Giao dgc, H. 2005.
15. Danh nhdn vdn hda Dinh nguyen Thdm hoa Phan Thuc Tnfc (1808-1852). Hpi v5n nghe dan gian Nghe An - Hpi dong gia tgc hp Phan. Ban bien tap: PGS. Ninh Viet Giao (chit bien); PGS.TS. Trinh Khjc M j n h . POS.TS.
Nguyin Van Nhat. PGS.TS Nguyen Thj Oanh.
Nxb. K H X H . H. 2012.
Phuluc
DANH M(IC CAC BAI THO PHAN THIIC TRyC VIET TAI THANG LONG
I. Cac bai tho s^ng tac vao nSm Thieu Tri thtr4 (1843)
1/ Tdy Ho Trdn Vo quan hdnh Sj-M^,^
fe<t(to2b)
2/ Tien Trdng co siing hdnh ^%i^^H (to 3a)
V Vinh Bach Mdlirl^ 6.(ifl(115b) 4/ NhT thuy hiiu llnh J^^K^Jf (to 115a) 5/ Ky biel thdnh Hd Khdu phirdng Tii tdi Uc, An Thdi phu&ng Tu tdi Hdng, Minh Tao xa Ti tai KAi ^ ?') ib « . >* o i f f t •*?,
* * i f * t •(*. "fl - f «• * t ? (115a).
II. Cac bai tha sang tac nhan chuyen ra Bac chSm thi t?i tnrong Ha Npi (1848) sau khi do Tham hoa (cac bai tha lam vao thang Muoi nam Mau Than (1848) a tnrong thi HaNgi-NC)
6/ Da thdm duy^l quyen gid mi man Ihu
« . > S H * « « l i t ( t a l O b ) 7/Mi«<S'|f ^ ( t o l l a )
Truang trung tap vjnh tur thu i^^^^i^
ra-f
V[Dialhienii.iSi]{\a\\h) 9/[Tliu bairn ffi](tallb) 1 0 / [ P f e B g v M a * ] ( t a l 2 a ) Il/[£)<5«g/ian4-*](lal2a) III. Cac bai tha sang tac nhan chuyen di SITU tam sach vo tir nam 1851-1852 (trong
Tii phirang lan pha quyen thit 3) (Nay xet tir ngay mdng 1 thang 12 nam Tg Dure thir 4 (1851) di Ninh Binh, mong 8 den Ha Npi, nghi l^i d nha ong Tran Gia Than a pho Dong Xuan den nSm sau. Cac bai tho xip duoi day - NC).
12/ Tiie vdn ddng Idu mgn himg ;^ a^ ^
* •* « (to 35a)
13/ Xudn nhdt tnmg ca hdu thu lang chii nhdn Trdn tu nhdt ludt kiem thi Hodng Chu sii- a a «L « * « i A * ^ - *
*: * * «1 i (tet 35a) 14/H/*iiriSli ^ (to 36a) Ml [Tieu diiu ^ flk}
16/ TTitf tang Nguyen Chi Dinh JStlVc , t - ^ ( t a 3 6 a )
17/ Hmi hoay X. fr :S; (to 36b) 18/ Thu gidn Thuang Phuc Le Doc hoc trinh Nguyen Chi Dinh phii chinh # ^ _ L ^
* * ^ £ Rl * •? ^ i (ta 36b) 19/ Chdu Giang Phgm tang thi nhdn hoa diphiic )|. i i ^B. St # a fr « ft (ta 38a)
20/ Tuc trinh Chau Giang Pham thi nhi thii S^ 4 Jl|i i i ii # j : . f-[C'(m* Irj] (ta 38b)
21/[Fanv<irS:*](ta38b)
Ha nhdt du Tdy Ho hodi co chi tdc nhi rtu X B «l S «1 » -*• iL -It — *
22/[A'/iif/id*.*T](ta38b) 2V[Vidi$, t ] (to39a) 24/ [Nhgp hgK3. (to 39a)]
25/ [Giang son il. A (to 39a)]
26/ VU Irung hi lang « + (K Bt (to 60b) 27/rW^dp6»|;5-(ta61a)
28/ Nhl hd Idn thir luu nhi nhdt dg lam khir uing chu bift gid rtH"**S— H •St E i i * * * ! * (64b)
29/ Khai phdm man himg Ufl W. * « (to 64b)
30/ H^rp ldng Thp Xircmg doan Chuang Ductidgc^m^Sif'tit^tf (ta 66a)./.
