MDC D O THE HIEN QUYEN LliC CUA NGUOI LANH DAO, QUAN LY CAP PHONG TRONG BQ MAY CHINH QUYEN CAP TINH
QUA KHAO SAT TAI NAM OjNH, YEN BAI V A QUANG NINH
Nguyen Thanh Giang
Vien Lanh dao hpc vd Chinh sach cong, Hpc vien Chinh tri Qud'c gia Ho Chi Minh.
Nguyen Trung Thanh
TrUdng Chinh tri Hodng Vdn Thu - Lang Scm.
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TOM TAT
Trong cae he thdng lanh dao, ede nhd lanh dao, quan ly cd rat nhieu loai quyen luc de hd tre/ viee gidi quyet cdc vdn de Idnh dao vd hien thuc hda tdm nhin mot cdch hieu qud vd cd dao due. Cde loai quyen luc nay bao gdm quyen luc dia vi vd quyen luc cd nhdn, ed the duac sir dung dpc lap hoac kit hap vdi nhau trong giao quyen, gdy dnh hudng vd thuyet phuc. Bdi viii nay lap Iruiig tim hieu mue dd thi hien quyen luc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong bd may chinh quyen cap tinh Ket qud khdo sdt vdi cdng cu nghien cuu la lhang do Quyen luc (do French vd Raven, xdy dung ndm 1959) Iren khach the Id 180 cdn bd la trudng phdng, trudng ban trong cdc Sd vd CO quan ngang sd thupc Uy ban nhdn ddn vd Hdi ddng nhdn ddn cdc tinh Yen Bdi, Quang Ninh vd Nam Dinh cho thdy, quyen luc ciia dpi ngu cdn bd nay d muc dp Irung binh khd, Irong do mue do the hien quyin luc cd nhdn cd phdn ndi trpi han mirc dp the hien quyin luc dia vi.
Tit khoa: Hdnh vi; Hdnh vi sir dung quyin lue; Ngudi dieng ddu; Cdc loai quyen lue trong lanh dgo.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 16/1/2020; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 25/3/2020.
1. H^i vkn de
Xa hoi la tdng hoa cac m6i quan he giu-a ngucri voi nguoi, hay noi each khac, ia t6ng hoa cac m6i quan he giua cac chii the hanh dpng. Chti the a day
TAP CHI TAM LtHQC, S6'4 (253), 4 - 2020 41
cd the la ca nhan, td chirc, giai eSp, lyc lugng xa hdi. Cd nhieu loai hinh quan h? xa hdi, trong dd cd quan he quyen lyc - mdt trong nhirng quan he ca ban ciia ddi sdng xa hdi. Trong pham vi nghien ciru eua bai viet, chiing tdi tiep can chu the quyen lyc d day la ca nhan ngudi lanh dao, quan ly - ma cu the la ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong bd may chi'nh quyen cap tinh.
De gay anh hudng din ngudi khac trpng mdt td chiic, mgt ngudi latih dao, quan ly can phai cd quyin lyc, tiim nang hoSc kha nang anh hudng den cac quyit dinh va kilm soat cac ngudn lyc. Quyen lyc gan bd mat thiet vdi lanh dao din mite Dale E. Zand (1997) coi dd la mdt trong 3 dinh cua tam giac lanh dao, ciing vdi tri thirc va sy tin nhiem. Nhiing ngudi lanh dao, quan ly gidi su dung quyen lyc mgt each phu hgp va bilt ring khi nao thi nen ra lenh, ra lenh nhu the nao va khi nao thi nen tiy quyen. Ddng thdi, hg cung biet each the hien vai trd ctia ngudi tu vSn, dua ra hudng din chir khdng phai la ra lenh.
Khai niem quyen lyc dugc hieu rat khac nhau d cac tac gia khac nhau.
Dudi gdc dd Tam ly hpc, TP. Chaplin (1971) dua ra dinh nghta "Quyen lyc la kha nang hoac uy quyen ddi vdi viec kiem soat ngudi khac". Vdi quan niem nay, J.P. Chaplin nhan manh mat cuong hire, ep budc cita quydn luc tdi hanh vi ngudi khac.
Hai tac gia Paul Hersey va Ken Blanchard (1969) lai de cao mat tam ly ciia quyin lyc khi cho rang, quyin lyc la tiem nang gay anh hudng - la ngudn sire manh tao dieu kien cho mdt ngudi dugc ngudi khac phuc tiing.
Theo Tit dien Tam ly hgc do Raymond J. Corsini chti bien (2002) thi quyen lyc dugc hieu la "kbit nang kiem sgat, ep huge, anh hucmg hoac ldi keo nhiing ngudi khac". Dmh nghia nay nhdn manh su anh hudng ciia quyin luc tren ca hai mat "kiem soat - ep budc" va "thuylt phuc, ldi keo" din ngudi khac, ddng thoi tac dgng eua quyin lyc la tac ddng lam thay ddi ca nhan thiic, thai dp va hanh vi ctia ngudi khac.
Trong nhirng thap nien gan day, nhilu nha nghien ciiu tap trung di sau nghien ciiu ve quyen luc ciing, quyen lye mim va quyin lyc thdng minh trong giai quyit cac thach thirc lanh dao. Joseph Nye (2004) da phat triin khai niem
"quyin luc thdng minh" (smart power) dl'chdng lai quan niem chi rieng quyin lyc mem la du de tao ra chinh sach ddi ngoai hieu qua. Ong cho rSng, quyin lyc thdng minh la sy ket hgp mdt each uyen chuyin giOa quyin lyc eirng va quyen lyc mem phii hgp vdi titng tinh hudng lanh dao cu thi. Cae loai quyin lyc, ty nd, khdng thi dupc danh gia la tdt hay khdng tet hoac Ipai nao tdt hon, ma hieu qua sir dung quyen luc la do cac chu thi mang lai. Quyin luc mim la sy bdi dap cho nhirng khiem khuyet ciia quyin luc ciing chir khdng phai la su phan chieu hay mat ddi lap cila quyen lyc cimg. Trong nhilu trudng hpp, chi
42 TAP CHi TAM L t HOC, So' 4 (253), 4 - 2020
su dung quyen luc mim la khong du ma cSn phai ed sy kit hgp giiia quyin lyc mim va quyin lyc cung. Ndi each khac, quyin lye mim la kha nang ty nang cao td chit dl hip din va thuylt phuc ngudi khac, tir do dat dupc diiu minh can. Do do, tinh hieu lyc cua quyen lyc mim khdng thi dugc do ludng chinh xac. Trong rit nhilu trudng hop, quyin lyc ciing khdng duge true tiip sir dung, nhung nd la hau phuong dl quyin lyc mim dugc thuc thi hoac lam tang sire thuylt phuc va hieii qua cua quyin lyc mim. Cac nha lanh dao hay tham ehi cac ca nhan ciing deu sii dung ea hai loai quyin luc nay tuy theo thdi dilm va hoan canh. Khii nang ket hpp gitta "quyin lyc mim" va "quyin lyc ciing" dugc ggi la "quyin lyc thdng minh" (smart power), mdt hinh thiic sii dung quyin luc quan trpng ngay cang cd y nghia va anh hucmg trong thi gidi hien dai.
Cac quan diem khac nhau ve quyen lyc ggi y chg chiing ta mdt cai nhin tuong ddi rdng rai va bao quat ve viin dl nay. Gidng nhu cau chuyen "thiy bdi xem voi", quyen luc dugc djnh nghta, bilu hien dudi nhilu hinh thirc khac nhau, tiiy thugc vao each tiep can va myc tieu nghien ciru. Quyin lyc, mgt each chung nhat, dd la nang lyc duge bieu dat thanh sire manh giup eon ngudi cd mdt vi the nhat djnh, ddng thdi kha nang iinh hudng tdi hanh vi ciia ngudi khac nham lam cho sy viec dupc xay ra nhu y mudn trong qua trinh thyc hien va dat dupc nhu'ng muc tieu da dat ra. Ke thira nhirng quan niem khac nhau ve quyen luc nhu da phan tich tren day, chung tdi xac djnh khai niem quyen lyc trong nghien ciru nay nhu sau: Quyen lire la khd ndng gdy dnh hudng den nhdn thirc, thdi do vd hdnh vi cua ngudi Jchac nhdm dat duac muc tieu ddt ra.
Cd rit nhieu ylu td ed thi tao ra quyen lyc cho mdt ca nhan trong mgt td chitc. Cho din nay, vin edn nhieu quan diem khac nhau ve ngudn gdc va cac loai quyin luc, G.A. Yukl (1989) cho ring, cd 3 loai quyin lyc la quyin lyc dja vi; quyin lyc ca nhiin va quyin lye chinh tri. Paul Hersey va Kent Blanehart (1969) cho ring, cd hai loai quyin lyc la quyin luc dja vi va quyen lye ca nhan. Quyin lye dia vi la loai quyin lyc cd co sd tir ben ngoai, tit tren xudng (khdng nhit thiet quyin lye la vdn cd d co quan). Quyen luc dia vi dam bao ti'nh hpp phap cua chti thi quyin lyc, tang cudng siic manh cudng hire ciia cac quyit djnh ddi vdi khach thi quyin luc. Nd dam bao tinh kjp thdi, nhanh chdng, tilt kiem thdi gian trong thyc hien cae nhiem vu de ra. Tuy nhien, su lam dung hoac thilu hiiu bilt vl quyin lyc dja vj la co sd dan din tinh trang quan lieu cua chu the quyin luc, cac quyit dinh thilu tinh khoa hgc, khdng phat huy dugc tri tue ciia khacii thi quyin lyc, khdng nam bat dugc nhu ciu, nguyen vpng cua ngudi dual quyin, di tap ra trang thai i;ang thang, mau thuan trong nhdm, td chiic. Quyin lyc ca nhan la mirc dg ma cip dudi tdn trpng, quy min va phuc timg ngudi lanh dao eila minh, cung nhu nhan thiic duge rang nhung mue tieu cua hg phii hgp va thda man nhung myc tieu cua ngudi lanh
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dao. Ndi mdt each khac, quyen lyc ea nhan la miic dp con ngudi san sang tuan theo mdt nha lanh dao.
Nhdm tac gia French va Raven (1959) da cho rang, cd 5 loai quyen luc khac nhau gdm: (i) Quyen lyc chuyen mdn la kha nang ciia chd the quyen lyc cd kha nang anh hudng, dieu khien khach the quyen lyc biing sir thira nhan ciia hp vao trinh dp chuyen mdn, nghiep vu, bang cap, kinh nghiem etta chu the quyen lyc; (ii) Quyen lyc tham van la sire manh cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cd kha nang anh hudng, chi phdi ngudi dudi quyen dya tren co sd quan he gan giii, hgp tac trao ddi, chia se kinh nghiem, hieu biet va ky nang trong hoat ddng, phat huy dugc stic sang tao cua hg; (iii) Quyen luc trao thucmg la kha nang ctia chit the quyen lyc chi phdi, anh hudng, dieu khien khach the quyen lyc bang each dua ra nhirng hinh thirc dpng vien, khen thudng, kich thich phii hgp; (iv) Quyin lyc cuijng chi lit kha nang cila chil thi quyen lyc chi phdi, dieu khien bat budc khach the quyen lyc phai thyc hien nhiing nhiem vu dya tren eg sd nhiing hinh phat va (v) Quyen lyc hgp phap la kha nang cila ngudi lanh dao, quan ly chi phdi, dieu khien ngudi dudi quyen dya tren eg sd sy thira nhan ve vai trd, vj tri, nhiem vu ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly trong mdt td chiic ctia he thdng xa hdi nhSt dinh.
Cd the thay, ve thyc chat, quan diem khac nhau ve each phan loai quyen luc til cac ngudn gdc ciia quyen lye eua eae tac gia cho dii cd khac nhau vl ten ggi nhung khdng cd phu djnh lan nhau ma ve ban chat van xuat phat tir hai loai quyen lye quan trgng la quyen lye dja vj va quyin lyc ca nMn. Khai quat nhung quan dilm tren, chung tdi nghien cim mirc dp the hien quyen lyc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly ciip phdng trong bd may chinh quyen cap tinh tren co sd hai nhdm quyen lye co ban la quyen lyc dia vj va quyen lyc ca nhan.
Ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong bd may chinh quyin cip tinh thyc hien chiic nang chung la chuyin tai va td chiic thuc hien cac quyit djnh cua cap tren tryc tiep va phan anh nhirng yeu cau, nguyen vgng, dl xuit cila cdng chirc don vi vdi lanh dao cap tren. Q cuong vj nay, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng phai du thao cac du an, de an va cac van ban; xay dyng, trinh thil trudng CO quan ban hanh van ban hudng din thyc hien cdng tac chuydn mdn theo quy djnh cua phap luat; to chiic thuc hien cdng tac chuyen mdn cila phdng nhu ddn ddc, hudng dan, kiem tra tinh hinh thyc hien linh vuc cdng tac do co quan, don vi minh quan ly; true tiep quan ly eon ngudi, eg sd vat chit, tai chinh dugc giao; thyc hien cac nhiem vu khac dugc giao theo sy phan cdng cila lanh dao ca quan, don vj cap tren. Nhirng nhiem vu nang nl dd ddi hdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng phai cd ca quyen lyc dja vj va quyin luc ca nhan ddng thdi phai biet sit dung chiing mdt each khon ngoan dl phat huy tiim nang cila chinh minh ciing nhu ciia nhirng ngudi dudi quyin trong cae tinh
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hudng lanh dao hang ngay. Quyin lyc dja vj cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng dugc quy djnh ro trong Nghj djnh sd 157/2007/ND-CP vl "Quy djnh chi dp trach nhiem ddi vdi ngudi dirng diu co quan, id chirc, dan vi cila Nha nudc trong thi hanh cdng vi^, nhiem vu" (2007), Nghi djnh sd 24/2014/ND-CP cua Thi tudng Chinh phu vl "Quy djnh to chirc cac co quan chuyen mdn thudc Uy ban nhan dan tinh, thanh phd tryc thudc Trung uong" (2014), Luat Td chirc chinh quyin dja phuang nam 2015. Quyen lyc ca nhan dugc thi hien thdng qua cac pham chSt dao dire va cac nang lyc ma ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng dang thi hien. Quyin lyc dja vj la su thi hien ciia tinh hgp phap, tinh chinh danh. Hai loai quyen luc nay cd mdi quan he mat thilt vdi nhau. Quyin luc ca nhan la nhiing pham chat va nang luc cua ngudi cua ngudi lanh dao, quiin ly cap phdng de giai quyet nhimg thach thirc lanh dao theo yeu clu do dia vj ciia hg dat ra. Neu thieu mdt trong hai loai quyin lye nay thi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong bg may chinh quyin cip tinh khd cd thi thyc hien dupc vai trd lanh dag, quan ly ciia minh.
2. Phu'dng phap nghien ciiu
Viec tim hieu thyc trang mirc do the hien quyen lyc ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong bd may chinh quyen ciip tinh dugc tiep can tir gdc do tam ly hpc xa hdi; vdi cdng eu nghien ciru la thang do Quyen luc do French va Raven (1959) xay dyng gdm 20 menh de (item) de do 2 loai quyen lyc ca nhan va quyen lye dia vj (cu the xem ndi dung cac item tai bang 2 dudi day). Quyen luc ca nhan gdm: Quyen luc chuyen mdn va quyen lyc tham van. Quyen lyc dia vi gdm: quyen lyc trao thudng; quyen lyc cudng che va quyen luc hgp phap. Mdi loai quyen lyc dugc the hien d 4 item, mdi item cd 5 phuong an tra Idi tir: 5 = Hoan toan dung; 4 = Tuong ddi dung; 3 = Cd phan diing, cd phan khdng diing; 2 = Khdng dung lim; 1 = Hoan toan khdng dung. Cach tinh ket qua la cgng tiit ca nhirng diem sd da khoanh trdn de tinh diem tdng. Vdi sd diem tir 90 trd len tuong img vdi mirc dp quyen lye eao; tit 70 - 89 diem tuoiig img vdi quyin luc trung binh va dudi 70 dilm tuong img vdi miic dp quyen luc thip. Ben canh dd, nghien ciru cdn sit dung phuong phap phdng van sau va phuang phap thao luan nhdm.
So lieu khao sat dugc xii ly bing phin mim SPSS, phien ban 25.0 trong mdi trudng Windows. Mdt sd phep toan thdng ke dugc sir dung trong nghien ciru nay: Phan tich thdng ke md ta bao gdm: dilm trung binh; dd lech chuan; tan suit va ty le phin tram (%); Thdng ke suy luan bag gdm phan tich sg sanh: Sii dung phep so sanh trung binh, cac gia tri trung binh dugc coi^ la khac nhau cd y nghia vl mat thdng ke vdi xac xuit p < 0,05. Trudng hgp, mau sg sanh giira hai nhdm khach the, su dung phep sg sanh T-test. Ddi vdi trudng hgp so sanh tit ha nhdm khach thi trd len, su dung so sanh Anova va kiem djnh Tukey neu
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phuang sai ddng nhat, kiem djnh Welch nlu phuang sai khdng ddng nhat de phan tich sau; Phiin tich tuong quan nhi bien nhim xac djnh mirc dp lien ket hay dp manh ciia mdi lien he giira hai bien sd dugc do bdi he sd (r). Trong nghien ciru nay, chung tdi diing he sd tuong quan pearson-product moment.
He sd nay ed gia trj tir -1 den +1 cho biet do manh va hudng cua nidi lien he dd. Nlu: - I < r < 0: Thi hien mdi tuang quan nghich; 0 < r < 1: Thi hien mdi tuong quan thuan; r = 0: Khdng cd mdi tuang quan. Dua vao he sd xac suat (p) ta cd the biet mirc dp cd y nghTa ciia mdi quan he. Khi p < 0,05 thi gia trj (r) dugc chiip nhan la cd nghla cho phan tich ve mdi quan he giiia hai bien sd.
Do tin cay Alpha ciia Cronbach cila toan thang do Quyen lye la 0,85 va cua cac thang do thanh phan nhu sau: tieu thang do "Quyen lyc chuyen mdn"
la 0,79; tilu thang do "Quyin lyc tham vin" la 0,76; tieu thang do "Quyen luc trao thudng" la 0,63; tieu thang do "Quyin lye cudng che" la 0,68; tieu thang do "Quyen lyc hgp phap" la 0,60. Thang do "Quyen lyc ca nhan", vdi 8 item, a = 0,86. Thang do "Quyen lyc dja vj", vdi 8 item, a = 0,78.
Nghien ciru dugc tien hanh d 3 tinh: Quang Ninh, Yen Bai va Nam Djnh trong nam 2019.
Khach the nghien ciru la 180 ngudi la cac trudng phdng, trudng ban trong cac Sd va eg quan ngang Sd thudc Uy ban nhan dan va Hgi dgng nhan dan tinh, trong dd Nam Dinh; 60 ngudi; Quang Ninh: 60 ngudi va Yen Bai: 60 ngudi; nam gidi chiem 69,4%, nQ chilm 30,6%; 95% la ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd sd nam cdng tac tit 10 nam trd len; sd ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cd kinh nghiem lanh dao, quan ly la 80%, tir 5 nam trd xudng chiem 20%; 71,7% ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd do tudi tir 40 trd len, 28,3%
ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd tudi dudi 40. Ve trinh do ly luan chinh tri, 100% ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd trinh do ly luan chinh trj tir trung cap trd len, trong dd trinh do ly luan chinh trj cao cip chilm 68,3%i, trung cap chiem 31,7%.
3. Ket qua nghien ciiu
3.1. Thuc trgng quyen luc cua ngudi Idnh dgo, quan ly cSp phong trong bp may chinh quyin cdp tinh
Ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd nhilu loai quyin lyc dl hd trg giai quyet cac van de lanh dao va hien thyc hda tim nhin mdt each hieu qua va cd dao dire. Cac loai quyen lyc nay bao gdm thim quyin ehinh thtic (quyin lyc dja vi) va su anh hudng khdng chinh thirc (quyin lye ca nhan), cd thi dugc sir dung ddc lap hoac ket hpp vdi nhau trong giao quyin, gay anh hudng va thuylt phuc ngudi khac. Ket qua iighien ciru thyc trang quyin lyc ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng dupe the hien d bang 1.
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Bang 1: Thuc trgng quyen luc cua nguai lanh dgo, quan ly cdp phdng
STT 1 2 3
Muc do quyen lyc Cac
Trung binh Thap
So lu'ong 2 122 56
Ty le % 1,1 67,8 31,1
Tir ket qua bang 1 cho thay, nhin chung quyen lyc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng chu yeu d miic trung binh chiem 67,8%, d mirc thap chiem ty le kha ldn la 31,1% va d mirc cao chi chiem 1,1%. Dieu dd chiing td mirc dp thi hien quyen lyc ctia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng la khdng cao, chua du manh de cd the dam bao cho ngudi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd thi hoan thanh tdt cac nhiem vu cu the cua minh. Day ciing la nguyen nhan co ban khiln cho ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng trong thdi gian qua, chua phat huy tiim nang cda ban than va ngudi dudi quyen trong thuc thi cdng vu.
Di sau nghien ciru ve bieu hien eua cac loai quyen luc thanh phan cho thiy, quyin lyc thanh phan cau thanh quyen lyc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng theo dilm sd trung binh la 3,63. Day la miic diem thudc loai trung binh kha. Trong dd, quyin luc ca nhan cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng dugc danh gia d mirc cao hgn so vdi mirc dp quyin lyc dja vj vdi diem trung binh (M) cila quyin luc ca nhan la 4,26, quyen lyc dja vj la 3,22.
Trpng quyin lyc ca nhan, ca hai loai quyin lyc chuyen rndn va tham van vdi 7/8 npi dung bilu hien diu dugc danh gia vdi mirc dilm tren 4 tuong duong miic dd kha; frong dd, quyin lyc chuyen mdn dugc danh gia cao hon quyin luc tham vin (xem bang 2). Hai bilu hien dugc danh gia eao nhat la "chia se vdi cip dudi mdt lugng dang kl nhimg kitih nghiem chuyen mdn" (M = 4,49);
"dua ra nhirng ldi khuyen sang sudt cho cip dudi ma cdlien quan den cdng viec ciia hg" (M = 4,41). Chi duy nhit bilu hien "kha nang ndi vdi nhirng ngudi lanh dao cip tren cila cip dudi hoac nhirng ngudi khac cd lien quan den cdng viec cua cip dudi dl hg hai Idng vdi cip dudi" trong quyen lyc tham van cd dilm trung binh a mirc trung binh kha (M = 3,71).
Trong 3 loai quyin lyc thanh phin thudc quylii lyc dia yi thi quyen luc cuong chi ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng la rat ban che vdi diem trung binh thip nhat la 2,23, tire la thudc loai dudi mirc trung binh. 6 loai quyen lyc nay ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng ty nhin nhan ban than it cd kha nang gay anh hudng din cip dudi dudi hinh thiic nhu ep huge, trirng phat hay cudng biic nhu
"giao cho cip dudi nhimg cdng viec ma cip dudi khdng ua thich" (M - 3,13),
TAP.CHITAM Lf HOC, So'4 (253), 4 - 2020 47
"tao ra nhirng khd khan trong cdng viec cua cip dudi" (M = 2,05), "tao ra nhung dieu khd chju cho cip dudi" (M = 2,13), "khiln cho cap dudi den nai lam viec la rat khd chju " (M - 1,60).
Tiep den la quyen lyc trao thudng vdi dilm trung binh la 3,53 dat miic trung binh. Cac can bd lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng tham gia nghien ciru ty danh gia ban thiin it cd kha nang gay anh hudng de tang them thu nhap cho ban than va cho cap dudi; mire dd dem lai lgi Ich cu thi cho cap dudi va gay anh hudng tdi sy thang tien cila cap dudi la tuang ddi md nhat vdi diem trung binh cua cac ndi dimg bieu hien deu dao ddng trong khoang trung binh (thap nhat ia 3,25). Dieu nay cd anh hudng ldn tdi hanh vi tich cue ciia cap dudi khi thuc hien cong vu. Bdi le, che dp, chinh sach ve vat chit la mdt trong nhiing cdng cu dieu tiet cyc ky quan trgng trgng cdng tac lanh dao, quan ly. Chd do, chinh sach .dai ngd cd the thiic diy tinh tich cyc cho ngudi lao dgng nhung ciing cd thi kim ham hoac triet tieu cac ddng lye, can trd sy phat trien tinh tich cyc lao dgng. Ddi vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng neu cd che do, chinh sach diing din, hgp ly se ed tac dung thuc diy, khuyen khich su tich cue, hang hai, cd trach nhiem vdi cdng viec, phat huy dupe sy sang tao, thu hut dugc ngydi tai. Ngugc lai neu che do, chinh sach bit cap, cd sai lam se tao tam ly khdng tin tudng, chan nan, han che su sang tao, triet tieu ddng lyc phat trien, ndi bd mat doan ket, nhan each ngudi can bd lanh dao, quan ly se bj khiem khuyet.
Quyen lye hgp phap la Igai quyen lyc giiip cho ngudi lanh dao, quan ly chi phdi dieu khien ngudi dudi quyen dya tren eo sd su thira nhan ve vai trd, vj tri, nhiem vu ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly trong mdt td chirc cua he thdng xa hpi nhat djnh. Loai quyen lyc nay tren mlu nghien ciru cQng chi dat miic trung binh kha cd diem trung binh la 3,89. Trong dd, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng ty danh gia tuong ddi cao d kha nang "Yeu cau cip dudi phai hoan thanh cdng viec dung thdi ban" (M = 4,45) va "Lam cip dudi nhan ra rang cap dudi cd nhirng nhiem vu phai hoan thanh" (M = 4,16); edn kha nang "Lam cip dudi cd cam giac rang ciip dudi nen dap iing cac yeu eau trong cdng viec cua minh" va kha nang "Lam cho cap dudi ed cam giac cap dudi cd nhirng cam kit phai thyc hien" dat mite trung binh vdi diem trung binh lan lugt la 3,37 va 3,60. Kit qua nay chirng td, miic dd anh hudng cua ngudi lanh dag, quan ly cip phdng din ngudi dudi quyen bang viec quy trach nhiem hay trao thudng, dgng vien hay cudng ehe ngudi dudi quyin cdn tuong ddi han chi. Cd thi day ehinh la mdt trong nhiing nguyen nhan co ban lam anh hudng ldn tdi boat dgng thuc thi cdng vu trong thdi gian qua cua ddi ngii can bd nay. Ngudi lanh dao, quan ly neu cd du tham quyen, dac biet la quyen lye cuiSng che hay trirng phat duac sit dung hop ly vdi se giup hg cd the gay anh hudng tich cyc 16n ngudi dudi quyen dl phat huy nang lyc va tiim nang d hg. Do do, dieu ma lanh dao, quan
48 TAP CHI TAM Vi HOC, Se4 (253), 4 - 2020
ly cap tren can quan tam khi giao quyen cho cap dudi la phai chii y din viec gia tang tham quyen chinh thirc cho hg dl cd thi phat huy dupc stic manh trong giai quyet cac tinh hudng lanh dao, quan ly.
Bdng 2: Quyen luc dia vi vd quyen luc cd nhdn ciia ngudi lanh dgo, quan ly cdp phdng
Quy6n lircca nhan
Loai
Chuyen mon
Tham van
Noi dung
Toi dua ra nhifng ggi y t6t cho cap duoi v6 nhihig tri thirc ky thuat.
Toi chia se vdi cap dudi mpt lugng dang ke nhiing kinh nghiem chuyen mon.
Toi dua ra nhu'ng ldi khuyen sang suot cho cap dudi ma CO lien quan den cong viec cQa ho.
Toi cung cap cho cap dudi nhirng kien thuc ky thuat can thiet.
DTB
Toi CO kha nang lam cho cap duoi cam thay dugc danh gia cao.
Toi CO kha nang noi voi nhung ngudi liinh dao cap tren CLia cap duoi hoac nhQng nguoi khac co lien quan den cong viec ciia cap dudi de ho hai long voi cSp duoi.
Toi CO kha nang lam cho cip dudi cam thay ban than ho duac chip nhan vit tang them uy tin vdi nguai khac.
Toi CO kha nang lam cho cip dudi cam thay hp co tam quan trong.
BTB fiTR chunt> ve quven lire cd nhdn
Trao thuang
Toi CO kha nang anh huang dl tang them thu nhap cho ban thtin.
Toi CO kha nang tac dpng tdi viec tang them thu nhap Toi cd kha nang dem lai cho cSp dudi nhirng Ipi ich cu the.
Toi CO kha nang tac dpng tdi viec thang lien ciia cap dudi.
DTB
M 4,30 4,49 4,41 4,32 4,38 4,29 3,71
4,31 4,27 4,14 4,26 3,29 3,25 3,72 3,85 3.53
SD 0,66 0,68 0,71 0,70 0.54 0,75 0,88
0,74 0,74 0,59 0,52 1,17 1,21 0,91 0,98 0,69
TAP CHI TAM Vi HOC, Sd'4 (253), 4 - 2020 49
Quy^n lire dja vi
Cu&ng che
Hgp phap
Toi CO the giao cho cap dual nhirng cong viec ma cap dudi khong ua thich.
Toi CO kha nang tao ra nhirng kho khan trong cong vi?c ciia cap dudi.
Toi CO the tao ra nhung dieu kho chiu cho cap dudi.
Toi cd the khien cho cap dual den nai litm viec la rat kho chiu.
DTB
Toi CO the lam cho cap duoi co cam giac cap dudi co nhirng cam ket phai thuc hien.
Toi lam ciip dual co cam giac rang cap dudi nen dap img cac yeu cau trong cong vi$c ciia minh.
Toi CO the yeu clu c4p dual phai hoan thanh cong viec diing thdi han.
Toi CO kha nang lam cap dudi nhan ra rang cap dudi co nhirng nhiem vu phai hoan thanh.
BTB BTB chung ve quyen luc dia vi DTB chung ve quyen lyc
3,13 2,05 2,13 1,60 2,23 3,60 3,37 4,45 4,16 3,89 3,22 3,63
1,06 1,14 1,23 0,98 0,79 0,98 1,13 0,69 0,85 0,62 0,51 0,42 Ghi chii: 1,0 <M<5,0; M: Diem trungbinh: SD: Dg lech chudn.
Ket qua thao luan nhdm dupc thuc hien tai 3 tinh Nam Dinh, Yen Bai va Quang Ninh cho thay, hien nay ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng dang phai chju mdt ap lyc cdng viec rat ldn trong khi quyen ban dugc giao rit han chi, khdng tuong xiing vdi chtic vu, vi du nhu neu ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cd d i tham quyen ve thudng va phat doi vdi ngudi dydi quyin khi hg khdng hoan thatih cdng viec hoac khdng chip hanh thuc hien nhiem -vu sg la co sd quan trgng dl gay anh hudng tdi cip dudi cila minh. Tuy nhien, tren thyc tl, quyen lyc cudng chi va quyen lyc trao thudng cila lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng rat md nhat, chua phat huy tac dung trong qua trinh gay anh hutmg din cip dudi. Mdt can bg cho biet: "De ky lugt hay khen thuang ddi vai ngudi dudi quyen khi hg cd thanh tich hay khi vi pham thi phdi trai qua mgt qud trinh rit phirc tap, phdi xin y kien ciia nhieu ca quan bdi thdm quyin giao cho ngudi dimg ddu cdn rat han che hoac neu cd thi mirc do gdy dnh hudng tdi ngudi dudi quyen Id rdtyeu'^ (N.X.T., nam, 52 tudi, trudng phdng. Yen Bai).
50 TAP CHf TAM ly HOC, Sd' 4 (253), 4 - 2020
D I khic phuc nhiitig han chi vl thim tjuyln cia ngudi lanh dao, quan 1^ cip phdng thi cac y kien thao luaii deu nhit tri cho ring, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng chu ylu giai quyit bing cac loai quyin luc ca nhan nhu dung quyin luc tham vin hay quyin lyc chuyen mdn dl anh hudng nhit la vdi ngudi dudi quyin. Theo y kiln cua mgt can bg nhin manh: "Hdng ndm, cdc tinh diu ddnh kinh phi de tap huan, dao tao, bdi dudng ddnh cho ddi ngii cdn bd cdp phdng hoac qua cdc lap nhu chuyen vien chinh, chuyen vien cao cdp, cdc lap dao tao ve chinh tri cung nhu cdc khda bdi duang ky ndng lanh dao ddnh cho cdn bd du ngudn cdp tinh. Tuy nhien, ket qud chii yeu la ndng cao nhan thirc md chua hinh thank duac ky ndng, nhdt Id ky ndng sir dung quyin luc. Chinh dieu nay it nhieu lam giam uy tin cua ngudi dirng ddu trong can mat ciia ngudi dudi quyen" (T.T.T.H., ntr, 49 tudi, trudng phdng, Nam Djnh),
Nhu vay, tvt nhiing ket qua nghien ciru tren cho thiy, muc do thi hien quyen luc cia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly ciip phdng la chua cao, chua di manh mdi d mtic trung binh kha. Mire do anh hudng cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng den ngudi dudi quyen bang viec su dung quyen luc trao thudng, cudng che hay hctp phap cdn han che so vdi anh hudng bang quyen lyc chuyen mdn va quyen luc tham van. Day la mdt trong nhiing nguyen nhan anh hudng ldn tdi hoat ddng thyc thi cdng vu trong thdi gian qua. Bdi le, neu cd du tham quyen, dac bi6t la quyin lyc cudng chi hay trung phat se giup ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng gay anh huiing tich cue len ngudi dudi quyen de phat huy n5ng luc va tiem nang d hg.
3.2. KSt qua so sanh mirc dp quyin lire cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cdp phdng Irong bp may chinh quyen cap tinh Iheo cdc tieu chi khac nhau
Kit qua so sanh vl dilm trung binh giira cac nhdm vl muc do quyen lyc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng thdng qua kilm dinh T-test va One way Anova cho thiy, ehi cd sy khac biet cd y nghta thdng ke d tieu chi gidi tinh va lua tuoi, cdn cac tieu ehi nhu tham nien cdng tac, trinh dp chinh trj va sd nam lim lanh dao lai khdng cd khae biet cd y nghla thdng ke vl mirc do the hien quyin lyc. Diiu nay cd nghta lit, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng la ntr cd muc dp thi hien quyin lyc cao hon so vdi ngudi lanh dao la nam (M nu = 3,73;
M nam = 3,59, vdi p < 0,05) va ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng d lira tudi tir 40 trd len cd muc do thi hien quyin lyc cao hon so vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cd tuoi dudi 40 (M tren 40 tudi = 4,68; M dudi 40 taoi = 4,52, vdi p < 0,05).
Trong khi do, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cd tham nien cdng tac tren 10 nam cOng cd mirc do quyin luc ngang vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd tham nien cdng tac dudi 10 nam; ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cd trinh dp chinh trj cao cip cd muc dp quyin lyc eg ban ngang vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng co trinh do trung cip chinh trj va nhirng ngudi lanh dao.
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd' 4 (253), 4 - 2020 51
quan ly cap phdng cd sd nam lam cdng tac lanh dao tren 5 nam giong vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cd so nam dudi 5 nam. Sd lieu tren cho thiy dieu gi?
Tai sao lai khdng cd sy khac biet ma le ra vdi nhirng ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cd tham nien cdng tac, cd kinh nghiem ve lanh dao, quan ly cting nhu dupc dao tao, bdi duiing cac Itip chinh tri d mirc cao hon se la ca sd quan trpng cho viec phat trien quyen luc cia minh. Dieu nay cd the ly giai rang vdi quyen lyc dja vj da dugc quy dinh rd rang theo nhtrng vj tri lanh dao cu the thi viec cung cd, tang cudng mtic do quyen lyc cia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly chu yeu viee cung cd, nang cao quyen lyc ca nhan cia minh (chuyen mdn va tham van). 'Trong thyc tien lanh dao, quan ly, ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng chu yeu sii dung quyen lyc dja vj, chua thyc sy chi y den vai trd quan trpng cia quyen luc ca nhan. Ket qua nghien ciiu tren ciing cho thay, d tieu chi trinh dp chinh tri sy khac biet la khdng dang ke, ehitng td viec chu y ren luyen nang cao ky nang cung cd va tang cudng quyen lyc d dpi ngu can bd lanh dao, quan ly cdn nhieu han chi. Ndi dung dao tao trong nhiing Idp bdi duong nay thudng thien vl giao due tu tudng ma chua danh thdi lugng nhieu de phat huy nang lyc trong viec cing cd va nang cao ky nang quan ly, dieu hanh cho ddi ngu can bg nay. Do vay, can khdng ngung ddi mdi ndi dung chuong trinh dao tao ddi vdi dpi ngu can bp nay theo hudng phat trien ky nang lanh dao, quan Iy, nang cao nang lyc su dung quyen luc cho dpi ngii can bd nay la rat can thiet dap ung nhu cau ddi mdi tinh nhat quan va hieu lyc ddi vdi boat ddng lanh dao, quan ly d mgi cap do d nudc ta.
Cdn d tieu chi gidi tinh va lua tudi, mac d i cd su khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke nhung trong hai loai quyen lyc cau thanh la quyen lyc ca nhan va quyen lyc dja vj thi chi ed sy khac biet d muc do the hien quyen lyc dja vj vdi tieu chi gidi, cdn tieu ehi lua tudi lai cd sy khae biet d lua tudi tren 40 d muc dp the hien quyen luc ca nhan. Ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cd do tudi tren 40 vl mat tam ly hgc la thudc thdi ky phat trien dn djnh, cd dp chin v l mat tu duy cung nhu muc dp trai nghiem da giup cho hg cd nhQng bilu bilt, vdn sdng quan trpng trgng dieu hanh cdng viec cua co quan, d hg thudng gay anh hudng den ngudi khac ca d viee sii dung quyen lyc dja vj va quyin lyc ca nhan, trong dd, quyin lyc ca nhan nhu anh huimg bang chuyen mdn va tham vin (thuylt phuc duy ly) ciing la dieu dl bilu. Cdn ve quyen luc dja vj ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng la nir cd muc dp the hien cap hon so vdi bilu hien quyin lyc dia vj d ngydi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng la nam gidi, phai chang do dac diem tam ly cia phu nil it nhieu cd anh hudng tdi viec su dung quyin luc trong lanh dao, quan ly cia ban than. Nhieu cdng trinh nghien cyu da chi ra cd su khac biet co ban ve viec su dung phong each lanh dao giira hai gidi (nam, nil) (Vu Duy Yen, 2000; Nguyen Thanh Giang, 2011; Trin Nhat Dual, 2013).
Thuctng thi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly nil d nhOng vi tri lanh dao ehinh thuc trong
52 TAP CHI TAM L t HOC, So' 4 (253), 4 - 2020
he thdng chinh trj la ngudi dai dien cho ny gidi vi hp mang nhilu dac dilm vl sinh hpc - xa hgi, cd nhting nhu cau, lgi ich, kinh nghiem tuong ddi tugng ddng vdi nhiing ngudi phu nil khac va se thay mat nhQng ngudi phu nu trong xa hgi ndi len nhu cau, lgi ich cia nu gidi trong qua trinh thuc thi cdng vu.
Chinh dieu dd, d hp cd sy phat trien ve quyin lyc trao thudng hay cudng buc va hgp phap cao hon so vdi nam gidi. Do do, thic day sy tham gia lanh dao, quan ly cia phu nu trong he thdng chinh trj se gdp phin bao dam tinh toan dien va tinh bao trim cia viec thyc thi cong vu. Vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly la nu, d hp thudng dl cao tinh cdng bing, nghiem tiic trong viec thuc thi cac nhiem vy dupe giao, do vay, viec tang cudng ngudi lanh dao, quan ly nQ cung la yeu ciu cap thiet ma cac co quan lam cdng tac can bd cin coi trpng ban nua trong thdi gian tdi day.
Bdng 3: So sdnh quyen luc ciia ngirdi lanh dao, quan ly cdp phdng theo cdc tieu chi khac nhau
TT
1
2
3
4
5
Tieu chi
Giai tinh
Tham nien cong tac
Trinh dp chinh tri
So nam lam lanh dao
Tuoi Nam Nit
P Duoi 10 nam Tren 10 nam P Trung Clip chinh tri Cao cap chinh tri
P Dual 5 nam Tir 5 nam trd len
P Dudi 40 Til' 40 tuoi trd len
P
Quyen luc thanh phan Quyen lyc
ca nhan M 4,25 4,28 p>0,05
4,34 4,36 p > 0,05
4,20 4,29 p>0,05
4,27 4,25 p > 0,05
4,10 4,33 p<0,05
Quyen lyc dia vi
M 3,15 3,36 p < 0.05
3,37 3,21 p > 0,05
3,30 3,18 p > 0,05
3,17 3,31 p > 0,05
3,14 3,25 p>0,05
Quyen lire ehung
M 3,59 3,73 p < 0,05
3,76 3,63 p > 0,05
3,66 3,62 p > 0,05
3,61 3,69 p>0,05
4,52 4,68 p < 0,05
TAP CHI TAM LY HOC, Sd' 4 (253), -2020 53
Quyen luc cia ngucri lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng
Nhdm quyen lyc ca nhan cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng
Nhdm quyen luc dia vi ciia ngudi lanh dao,
quan ly cap phdng
Ghi chit: (**):p< 0,01.
Sa dd 1: Tuang quan giira cdc loai quyen lite thank phdn cdu tkdnh quyen lire cita nguai lanh dao, qudn ly cdp phdng
Ket qua phiin tich tuang quan giua quyen lyc dja vj, quyen lyc ca nhan vdi muc do quyen lyc cia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cho thay cd moi tuong quan thuan va d mirc trung binh. Trong dd, quyen lyc dja vi cd mdi tuong quan thuan va kha manh vdi quyen lyc cia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng (r = 0,72; p < 0,01); quyen lyc ca nhan cd mdi tuong quan thuan va trung binh (r = 0,52; p < 0,01), giQa 2 loai quyen lyc ca nhan va quyen lyc dja vj cd tudi tuong quan yen (r = 0,32; p < 0,01). Dieu nay, ed nghia nlu quyen lyc dia vi va quyen luc ca nhan eua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cang phat trien d muc do cao thi quyen lyc cia ngudi lanh dao, quiin ly cip phdng cang dugc tang cudng, ngugc lai quyen lyc dia vi va quyin lyc ca nhan thip sg khien cho quyen luc cua ngudi liinh dao, quan iy cap phdng cang cd xu hudng giam tuong ung. Cd the thay, vdi ngudi lanh dao, quiin ly cip phdng, quyin lyc dia vi cd vai trd quan trgng quyll dinh din kha nang gay anh hydng din ngudi dudi quyen dc thuc thi cdng vu. Tuy nhien, quyin luc nay khdng phai di dang thay ddi ngay trong mdt khoang thdi gian ngin, do vay, dl cd thi gia tang quyen lyc cia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng thi tnrdc tien mdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng phai khdng ngirng phat triin quyin lyc ca nhan cua minh bang viec ty hpc tap, tu trau ddi kiln thuc chuyen mdn; hinh thanh ddng CO liinh dao dung dan; cing cd, nang cao uy tin cua ban than va dac biet cin tich luy kinh nghiem thdng qua sy trai nghiem cua ban thiin trong boat ddng lanh dao, quan ly.
54 TAP CHI TAM Vi HOC, Sd 4 (253), 4 - 2020
4. Ket luan
Ket qua nghien cuu thue trang thi hien quyin lyc cua ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng cho thay, hien nay ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng trong bg rnay chinh quyen cap tinh ihl hien quyin luc d muc dp trung binh kha.
Trong hai loai quyen lyc thanh phin thi quyin lyc ca nhan ndi trpi hon quyin lyc dja vi, giua cac loai quyin lyc diu cd mdi tuong quan thuan va trung binh.
Khdng cd su khac biet cd y nghla thdng ke vl muc do quyin lyc d cac tieu chi nhu tham nien cdng tac, trinh do chinh tri va sd nam lam lanh dao. Sy khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke d tieu chi gidi iinh va lua tudi. Nhyng ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng la nu gidi cd myc do thi hien quyin lyc dja vj cao hon nhQng ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng la nam gidi. Nhimg ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cd tudi tu 40 trd len cd muc dd thi hien quyin lyc ca nhan cao hon nhung ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cip phdng cd tudi dudi 40. Tir nhOng ket qua nay, theo ching tdi, de cd thi thyc hien tdt nhiem vy, chuc nang cia minh, ngudi lanh dao, qiian ly cap phdng can cing cd, tang cudng muc do quyen lyc cia minh ca ve quyen lyc dja vj va quyin lyc ca nhan. Mudn vay, can thyc hien nhOng bien phap co ban nhu sau:
Mpt la, tiep tuc hpan thien eg che, chinh sach ddi vdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng. Cu the nhu: Cd chinh sach dai ngd thda dang, cd co chi, chinh sach diu tu, uu tien cho dao tao, bdi duong ddi ngu can bd lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng bang nhieu hinh thuc khac nhau; cd chinh sach khen thudng hgp ly, kjp thdi, thda dang ke ca ve vat chat va tinh thiin cho ddi ngu can bd liinh dao, quan ly cap phdng. Ddng thdi, cd chinh sach xu ly nghiem minh, ding phap luat ddi vdi nhQng trudng hgp, hanh vi tieu cyc, vi pham phap luat.
Hai la, mdi ngudi lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng phai khdng ngirng ren luyen de nang cao uy tin ca nhan. Mudn vay, ciin ren luyen ban ITnh chinh trj vOng vang, ren luyen ldi sdng, dao due, tac phong trong sang, gian di va khdng ngung nang cao trinh do, nang lyc va chuyen mdn cdng tac cia ban than.
Ba la, tiip tuc ddi mdi ngi dung, chuong trinh dao tap, bdi dudng dpi ngu can bd lanh dao, quan ly cap phdng theo hudng chuyen t.tr dao tao bdi dudng ca ban nhu hien nay sang dao tao, bdi dudng ren luyen ve ky nang lanh dao, quan ly va phuang phap lam viec xuat phat ttr nhu cau_ cua co quan, don vj; chuyin tu dao tao, bdi dudng dai ngay sang dao tao ngan ngay dudi hinh thirc cac lap tap huan, hpi thao, huy ddng su tham gia tich cyc cia hgc vien trong viec hgc tap sudt ddi.
Bdn la, xay dyng mdi trudng thuan lgi, diy manh thyc hien quy chi dan chu d CO sd. Thyc hien tdt quy chi dan chi d ca sd chinh la xay dung mdi
TAP CHf TAM Vi HOC, Sd 4 (253), 4 - 2020 55
trucmg thuan lai cho nguofi d u n g dau thirc hien tot c h u c nang, n h i e m vu ciia minh. D e t h u c hien tot quy che dan chii a co s o , t r u a c het n g u o i lanh dao, quan ly cap p h o n g phai lam cho can b o , nhan vien duoi quyen biet d u g c m u c dich ciia quy che dan chu 6 co s o la sir the che hoa, cu the h o a p h u o n g c h a m " D a n biet, dan ban, dan lam, dan kiem tra"
Tai lieu t h a m khao
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