HQI NGHI C 6 N T R O N G HQC Q U O C GIA L A N T H U 7 - H A NQI 2011 ^
Sif PHAN B 6 C O A N H E N G I E Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley i VA V^T HAI'COA CHUNG TREN CAY LUA »
DmrngTiln Vifn, D6 Thj Dio, <
LS Dinh Thgnh, Nguyin VSn Dinh Trudng Dgi hpc Ndng nghifp Ha Noi
MO DAU
Trong khoang 10 nam tro lai day, nh?n gie Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley dJ W thanh d5i tugng gay h^i kha phfi biSn. Loai niy dugc ghi nhpn gay hai tren lua tai Thua Thien - HuS (Ngo Dinh Hoa, 1992), a vimg D6ng bjng song HSng (Nguyen Van Binh, 1994). Tai nhiSu tinh phia Nam (An Giang, Dong Thap, TiSn Giang, KiSn Giang,...) da ghi nh|n tri?u chung "benh cjo gi6" ph6 bi^n cua Ioai nay.
Mot s6 nghiSn ciiu chi ra ring, s\f gSy hpi cia loJi nay co chiSu huong gia tSng 6 vimg Ha Noi, cac tinh trung du, miSn mii phia Bic (Nguyen Van Dinh wk Trin Thi Thu Phuong, 2006; Nguyen Van DTnh va Vuomg TiSn Himg, 2007) tai m§t s6 dien tich h?p a Hai Ducmg, trSn Iia mua sdm nh$n gie da Iam thi?t hai nSng suit tod gin 60% (D6 Thj D^o vd cs.).
Voi kich thuoc ca thi lit nho be lai co phuong thiirc song khac vdi nhdm con triing hpi Iia dS biit nhu chiing s6ng trong to or gin li, gSy hpi 6 m|t trong bf \i Iia, 6ng than lua va c6 sic sinh san lon cho nSn nh|n gie la doi tugng rat kho phong chong.
Cho dSn nay nhihig nghiSn cihl vS nhSn gie chua nhiSu, svr hiSu biSt v6 nh?n gie ciia ngucri n6ng dan va can b$ bao ve thvc vpt vin con han chS. DS phyc v\f cho cong tac dieu tra phat hien va danh gia sv gay hpi cia nhfn gie hai Iia, ching toi tiin hanh thiic hi$n ds tai nay.
V^T L l i u VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHlfeN C t t l
Nh?n gie Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley hai Iia; hai giing Iia ciy phi biSn (Q5, Khang dan 18 (KD 18)).
Thi nghiSm dugc tiin hanh tpi Gia LSm, Ha NOi, vu mua nam 2010.
DiSu tra diSn biSn mat dg, s\f phan bo cua nhSn gie tren cac bO phan cua cay Iia d ngoM ding rugng theo TiSu chuin nganh lOTCN 982 (Bg Nong nghigp & PTNT, 2006).
DiSu tra djnh ky: 7 ngay/1 lin, t i 15 ng4y sau ciy/sp din khi thu hopch.
Ngoai dSng: 10 diim nglu nhiSn theo dudng cheo, cdch bd it nhit 2 m, mdi diem 10 danh.
Trong 6 lay nhilm nhen gii: Ciy 40 giing trSn cung mgt ruOng thi nghiSm, mii giing ciy trSn 1 6 thi nghiSm I m^ (ciy 2 danh/khdm, 40 khdm/m^). Ding nilon quSy xung quanh moi 6 thi nghifm, phia trSn phi kin bing vai man tuyn tring.
734
^ HQI NGHI C O N TRCJNG HQC QUOC CIA LAN THQ' 7 - HA NQI 2011
Sau ciy 15 ngay bit dau ISy nhiSm nh?n bing each chuySn 20 nhen c4i trudng Ihanh di dgng cham vao dit ing than Iia dugc cit hd 1 diu, sau dd cuin kin diu ing thin bing giiy nilon mdng (loai giiy nilon thudng dung ghSp cSy), trudc khi lay ,nh?n vao cay lua trong 6 thi nghidm thi bd giiy cugn nilon diu ing th5n ra va gai 6ng than vao bg 14 d gic than cay Iia. Lay toan bg 20 khdm Iia phia trong cia 6 thi nghifm, moi khdm lay toan bd si dSnh, mdi danh lay 1 ing thSn cd 20 nh$n trudng thanh di ddng chpm.
Sau khi lay nhiem nhfn 15, 30, 45, 60 ngay img vdi cac giai dopn dS nh4nh, Iam dong - ddng gia, tro va chin siia thi cit toan bg danh Iia (10 danh/d) dem vi phong thi j nghifm dem sd Iugng tring, so lugng nhfn cac tuoi trSn bg \i vi trSn la, thi tu cia cdc j|la dugc xdc dinh Id hoan chinh trong cing la Id thi nhit (khi Iia trd, Id ddng la Id thi I nhit) vd tiip theo ra phia ngoai la Id thi 2, 3 rii din la thu n.
" KET QUA VA THAO LU.^N
^ Qua diSu tra ding rugng va quan sat thi nghiSm ldy nhiSm nhfn gie cho thiy trifu
^ chirng nhfn giS hpi trSn cdy Iia Id d cdc b? Id va than, vSt hpi ban dau la nhthig cham ' nho mau t i ^ g vang, cac vSt hai Ian rgng va keo dai thanh cac vet sgc hinh chf} nhat , hoSc cdc vit hpi nhiSu tip trung thanh timg ddm rdng sau chuySn mau vdng nhpt vdng
nau vd giai dopn cudi la mdu nau dpm hope thdm den trdng gidng nhu vSt cpo gid. TrSn gdn Id Iia vSt hai ban dau Id cdc chdm nhd mau trang vang, sau Ian rgng thanh cdc vSt SQC hinh chii nhpt dgc theo gdn la cd mau nau nhpt, sau mau nau dpm va nau den.
Pban bo cua nhfn gie
Suphdn bo cua nhin gie irSn cdy Ida & ngodi tif nhien
Ket qud diiu tra su phan b i cia nhfn gie ngoai ding rugng tren 2 giing Q5, KDl 8 thS hifn d bang 1. Qua bdng 1 cho thiy:
Giai dogn de nhdnh: Giing Q5 chua thdy nhfn gie xam nhap trSn cay Iia, d giing Khang dan 18 nhfn giS xdm nhdp va gay hpi d cdc la thi 4, 5 va 6 d ca bg va gan Id nhung vdi mat dg rit thip (0,8 nhfn va 1,8 trimg/be). Giai dopn nay chua cd biiu hifn Itifu ching hpi.
Giai dogn truac trd: Nhfn gie dd xam nh$p vao cdc be la thi 2, 3, 4, 5 nhung vdi mat dg thip (0,07 nhfn/ld, giing Q5), nhfn da de triing trong cdc khoang md be la, tren gan Id chua thiy nhfn xdm nhpp. Giing Khang dan 18 nhfn vd tning vdn tap trung nhiiu nhit d be Id thi 3 (3,5 nhfn vd 5,2 tring/Id), sau dd din la 4, cdc Id 5 vd 2 nhfn va tning phan b i tucmg dii deu nhau. Giai dopn ndy nhfn gie da phan tan ISn gan cdc Id Ihi 3, 2 va la thi 1, trifu chiing nhfn hai va kich thudc vit hpi cQng da quan sat va xdc djnh dugc.
Giai dogn tro: Nhfn da phan tan xam nhdp ISn khip cdc bg phdn cia cdy Iia (cdc be Id, gan Id va cd bdng Iia) d ca 2 gidng. Giing Q5 nhfn vd tring tap trung nhiSu nhit d la thu 4 vdi Jnpt df (1,8 nhfn vd 1,8 trung/ld), sau dd din cac la thi 3, 2 vd Id ddng nhfn, tring phdn b i tuong ducmg nhau, thip nhit la cdc id 5, 6 vd trSn bdng Iia.
HQI NGHI C O N T R C I N G HQC QUOC GIA LAN THCf 7 - HA NQI 2011 j ,
Giing Khang ddn 18 nhfn va tring tap trung nhiiu nhit d Id thu 2 vd thi 3 vdi mjt do trung binh 18,4 nhfn va 11,1 trimg/la, la thu 4 cd mpt dg nhfn thip hon. (!) b^U ddng nhfn da phan b i vd gay hpi vdi mat df 6,6 nhf n/be. Cdc Id 5, 6 va trSn bdng nhfn 1 gay hpi vdi mdt do thip nhit.
Giai dogn chin sOa: Nhfn gif phan b i nhiSu nhit d bg la ddng vdi mat dd 26,3 con/b?, cdc Id dudi nhfn phdn b i nhu nhau. Tring dugc de nhieu nhit d Id t h i 2, sau dd din b{
Id ddng (giing Khang dan 18). Giing Q5 nhfn va tring vdn tpp trung nhiiu nhit 4 U thi 4, sau dd din Id dudi Id ddng. Giai dopn nay nhfn gie da phan b i vd gay hji len bdng, gdn Id ddng va gdn Id dudi Id ddng.
Sif phan bo nhfn va tring trSn cdy Iia d cdc giai dopn sinh trudng phat triin du^c thS hifn qua hinh la va lb.
So liTfUg (con)
25 20 15 10
5
^?' y^' - r\^*^
^ ^ ^ _ ^ ^ - « ' > i v
Tnr*c trfi Trfi Giai d09n sinli trirdng
Hinh la. Suphdn bd nh^n gie tren cdy lua ngodi dong mdng (gidng KD18)
Hinh lb. Suphdn bd trimg nhfn gie tren cdy lua ngodi dong rugng (gidng KDIS)
736
HQI NGHI CON T R C I N G HQC QUOC GIA L t o THCf 7 - HA NQI 2011
Bang 1. Sy phdn bo cua nhfn gi£ trSn cdy Ma if cac giai doan sinh trirong phat triln (n = 100)
Vjtrl phSnbi
Bflng L«1 U 2 L L4 3
lit
ri L4 6 '.' La 6
•• LSDcos
D6 nhdnh (30 NSC) Nh^n (con)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trfrng (qua)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Trir^c trd (45 NSC) Nh^n (con)
TrOng (qud)
TrS (60 NSC) Nhfn (con)
Trung (qua)
Chin sO>a (75 NSC) Nh#n (con)
TriJng (qua) Giong Q5
0 0,06 ± 0,6 0,07 ±0,5 0,04 ± 0,3
0 0 0,09
0 0 0,1 ± 0,6*
0,03 ± 0.2' 0,01 ± 0 , 1 '
0 0,06
0,5 ± 1 , 1 ' 1,0 ± 3 , 5 "
1,7 ± 7 , 3 "
0,7 ± 2 , 8 "
1,8 ±6,2"
0,2 ± 1 , 6 ' 0,6 ± 5,8' 1,28
0,4 ± 1 , 2 ' 1,1 ± 5 , 1 "
1,3 ± 4 , 7 "
0.7 ± 2,8' 1,8 ±6,2"
0,1 ± 0,8' 0,3 ± 3,4' 1,09
0,7 ±1,4°"
1,1 ± 3 , 3 ' 3,5 ± 15,7"
1,2 ± 3 , 4 ' 4,0 ±15,5"
1,5 ± 8 , 8 "
0,06 ±0,4°"
2,55
0,6 ± 1 , 9 ' 1,2 ± 4 , 9 ' 2,4 ± 8 , 9 "
1,2 ± 4 , 2 ' 4,5 ± 18,6"
1,2 ± 7 , 2 ' 0,02 ± 0 , 1 ' 2,4
'L Gi6ng Khang dSn 18 - Bflng
L i i La2 Las La4 Las Lde iSDoM
0 0 0 0,7 ±1.8"
0,8 ± 2,4"
0,3 ± 1 , 3 ' 0.34
0
0 0 1,8 ±4,8"
1,3 ±4,3"
0,5 ± 2 , 2 ' 0,71
0,05 ± 0,5' 1,5 ± 4 , 4 "
3,5 ± 8,8"
2,4 ± 7,2"' 1,6 ±6,3'°
0,7 ± 3,3°
1,48
0,02 ± 0,2°
2,3 ± 7 , 1 ' 5,2 ± 1 1 , 9 ' 3,3 ± 9 , 0 "
2,1 ± 7,2' 0,7 ± 33,9'°
1,94 0 0 0 0,7 ±1,6"
0,8 ± 2,4' 0,3 ± 1 , 3 ' 0,34
0
0 0 1,8 ±4,8"
1,3 ±4,3"
0,5 ± 2,2' 0,71
0,05 ± 0,5°
1,5 ±4,4*°
3,5 ± 8,8"
2,4 ± 7,2"
1,6 ± 6 , 3 "
0,7 ± 3,3°
1,48
0,02 ± 0,2°
2,3 ± 7 , 1 ' 5,2 ±11,9"
3,3 ± 9,0"
2,1 ± 7 , 2 ' 0,7 ± 33,9"
1,94
Ghi chii: NSC: Ngdy sau cay; -: Chua hinh thanh; a, b, c - Ciing cOt, cdc chu khdc nhau Id khdc nhau cr miicp= 0,05.
Syphan bi cua nhfn gie trSn cdy lua trong 6 lay nhiem nhen
Qua thi nghifm Idy nhiSm nhfn gie vdo cay Iia sau ciy 15 ngdy trong cdc d dugc cdch ly, kit qua diiu tra qua cdc giai dopn sinh trudng cia cay Iia dugc trinh bay d bdng 2.
Giai dopn kit thic de nhdnh (sau ciy 30 ngdy/sau ldy nhiem nhfn 15 ngdy), chua thdy c6 trifu ching vit hpi. Nhfn giS phdn b i tap trung chi yiu d be Id 3 vdi mpt do (19,8
HQI NGHI CON TRONG HQC QUOC GIA LAN THO' 7 - HA NQI 2011
nhfn va 36 tring/ld), sau dd din Id thi 2, la thi 4, 5 m 't df nhfn va trimg thip hon (giing Khang ddn 18). Giing Q5 nhfn gie phdn bo tdp trung rhieu d bg Id 5 vdi mat dO 4,4 nhfn vd 4,4 tring/Id, cac Id thu 3,2 va thi 4 nhfn phdn b i it hon. TrSn cdc gdn Id t h i nhit vd thi 2 da cd nhfn gie xam nhdp tuy nhiSn mat df rat thap (0,3 con/gan Id).
Giai dopn tnrdc tro (sau ciy 45 ngay), thdi kjr nay da thay xuit hifn trifu ching vit hpi cia nhfn giS d bg Id 3, bg Id 2, bg Id I vd d gan la t h i 2. Giing Q5 nhfn giS da phan b i ISn bg Id thi 1 vdi mjt df 27,7 nhfn vd 14,8 tring/bg, d cdc Id t h i 2, 3, 4, 5 mat dp nhfn thip hon. Giing Khang ddn 18 nhfn giS ciing dd gay hpi d bg Id thi 1, tuy nhien ching vin tpp trung gay hpi nhiiu nhit d bg la thu 3 vdi mpt dg (44,2 nhfn va 39 tring/ld), Id thi 2 mdt df nhfn vd tring thip hom. Cdc Id t h i 4, 5, 6 vd Id t h i 1 mft df nhfn va trimg phdn b i nhu nhau.
Giai dopn trd (sau cdy 60 ngdy), giai dopn nay nhfn gii phdn b i diu tren cac Id va trSn bdng lua d giing Q5, tuy nhien nhfn vin t|p trung nhiiu hon d bg la t h i 3,4 va thi 5 vdi mat dg (49,3 nhfn vd 33,6 trirng/ld). Giing Khang dan 18 nhfn tap trung nhiiu nhit d bg Id thi 4 (61,1 nhfn vd 28,6 tring/ld), d bg Id t h i 3 mpt do nhfn vd tring thip hon (37,8 nhfn vd 15 tring/ld). Giai dopn Iia tro nhfn gie cd xu hudng phan b i len Id ddng vd bong Iia vi d do chit dinh dudng la thich hgp cho quin thi nhfn phdt triin.
Giai dopn chin siia (sau ciy 75 ngdy), lie nay cdc la dudi phin gic dd chuyin sang mdu vdng, bg Id din khd. Nhfn gie t$p tnmg phan bd nhiiu nhit d id thu 3 vdi mat df (34,6 nhfn va 18,9 trimg/Id) d giing Khang dan 18 va Id t h i 4 d gidng Q5 vdi mat df (38,1 nhfn va 7,9 trirng/la). TrSn bdng Iia chua ro vet hpi nhimg dd cd nhfn gie xdm nhap vdi mat dg khd cao d cd 2 gidng (23,6 nhfn; 7,4 trirng trSn gidng Q5 va 11,3 nhfn;
5,7 trirng d giing Khang ddn 18).
S6 lugmg (con) ' "
50 40 30 20 10 0
I Bflng - • — L a i - * — L a 2 - - - La 3 - « - - L a 4 - • — L a s - • * - - L a 6
Tnrdc trS Tr5 Giai do^n sinh tnrdmg
Hinh 2a. Si/phdn bd nh4n gie tren cdy lua lay nh?n (giong KDIS)
738
HQI NGHI C O N T R C I N G HQC QUOC GIA L A N THCf 7 - H A NQI 2011
So lugng trung
(qua) -Bong
- L a i - L a 2 - L a 3
•La4 - L a s - L a e
De nhanh Trudc trS Tr8 Chin sira Q a i do^n sinh tririhig
Hinh 2b. Sif phdn bd trimg nhen gie tren cay lua lay nhfn (gidng KDl 8) Bdng 2. Sy phdn bo va mdt df nhfn gie tren cay Iia
trong diiu kifn ldy nhilm nhfn
ViW UlSllbi
Do nhanli (30 NSC) Nhfn (con) | Tn>ng (qua
Tnj<Si:trfl(45NSC) Nh^n (con) | Tn>ng (qua)
Tr6{60NSC) Chinsl>a(75NSC) Nli|n (con) | Tning (qua) Nhfn (con) jTning (qua) is Giflng 05
(Bflng , i a i
• La2 I Las k U 4
us Las LSDm
0,3 ±0,9°
2,8 ± 5 , 4 "
42 ± 4 * 2.6 ± 3 , 9 "
4,4 ±8,1"
0 3.8
0 2,8 ±5.9"
2,3 ±4,6"
1,1 ±2,8"
4.4 ±9,3"
0 4.1
27,7 ±52,2"
10.8 ±29^"
22.2 ±38.3"
3,5 ±02,8"
4 ±4.7"
0 24.4
14,8 ±37,8
-
13,1 ±37 8,3 ±13.3 1,6 ±2,2 S,3±10,8
0 18,7
14,6 ±32.5"
17,6 ± 4 9 , ^ 9.1122,8"
47.3 ±55,4"
38,4 ±54,1"
49.3 ±67,1"
0 40,7
18,8 ±34"°
1,7 ±3,9"
0,7±1,1' 33,6 ±56,1"
17,1 ± 34,9"°
25 ± 4 9 "
0 30,1
23,6 ± 1 6 2 "
2,7 ±8.6°
0,9 ±1,9°
2 ±4,4°
38,1 ±66,9"
23,5 ±49,2"
0 28,8
7.4 ±8.0"
0.2 ±0.6' 0 2 ±5.6"
7,9 ±14,4"
3,7 ± 9 , 2 "
0 6,6 Giflng Kiiang dan 18
Bflng U l U 2 U 3 U 4 US U 6 iSDm
0
-
12.9 ±22,4"
19,8 ±42,4' 4,0 ±5,8°
0.4±1,2' 0 15,7
0
-
12,1 ±29,3"
36 ±77,5' 4,7 ±8,6' 1.0 ±3,1"
0 28,1
1,7 ±3.5'
.
28 ±39,8*
44,2 ±72.3"
10,6 ±22.3°
5,8 ±15,3' 7,3 ±23,1"
28,5 0,8 ± 1 , ^
-
19,8±42,8*
39 ±73,3"
24,7 ±46.8"
9,4 ±23,4*
12,5±39,S"°
35,4
1,1 ±2,4 2.3 ± 5 , 1 ' 9,9 ± 2 1 ' 37,8 ±33,6"
61.1 ± 8 1 , ^ 0 0 29.9
0,5 ±1,6°
1^±3,8' 3,7 ±10.6°
15 ±26,8*
28,6 ±55,6"
0 0 20,3
11,3 ±14,2°
5,9 ± 18,6°
0,9 ±2.2°
34.6 ±46.7"
10 ± 13.8°
0 0 17,7
5,7 ±10,7°
0,3 ±0.9°
6 ±12,7°
18,9±31,S"
6 ±10,7°
0 0 12,3 GUchu: NSC - Ngay sau c^y; a, b, c - Ciing cOt, cac cha khac nhau la khac nhau 6 mure p = 0,05.
Sy hinh thdnh va kich thirdc vet hpi cua nhfn gid Stf hmh thdnh vd kich thuo'c vit hai & ngodi iff nhien
6 giai doan kit thic dS nhdnh, mac du cd su xdm nhdp gay hpi cia nhfn gie nhung trifu ching chi la nhttng chiin nhd mdu vdng nau d cac be Id sdt gic. Tdi giai dopn lam il6ng, trd vd chin siia da cd vSt hai diSn hinh d cac bg la va gdn Id. Kit qua thu dugc thi hifn d bdng 3.
HQI NGHI C O N T R C I N G HQC QUOC GIA LAN THCf 7 - HA NQI 2011
V| tri vlt hfi
Bdng Lai La 2 Las La 4 La 5 Las
LSD0.0S
Bang 3. Chieu ddi (cm 1 v i t hpi v i a
0 5 T n f d c t r o
(45 NSC) 0 0.21 ± 0 , 6 ' 0,33 ± 0,7"
0,25 ± 0 , 4 "
0.07 ±0,2°
0.09 ± 0,2°
0,04 ± 0,2°
0,11
T r i (60 NSC)
0 0,89 ± 1 , 6 ' 1,03 ±1,5"
0,45 ± 0,8' 0,18 ±0,4°
0,11 ±0,4°
0 0,2s
Chin stpa (75 NSC)
0 0,41 ±0,9°°
1,18 ± 2 , 2 "
0,75 ± 1 , 3 ' 0,68 ± 1 , 3 "
0,35 ±0,8°
0 0,32
nhfn gii trSn cay I i a
Tru'fl.c t r i (45 NSC)
0 0,24 ± 0 , 5 "
0,45 ± 0,8"
0,31 ± 0,5' 0,12 ± 0 , 3 ° ' 0.15 ±0,3°
0,09 ± 0,3°
0,13
Khang ddn 18 T r i (60 NSC)
0 0,93 ±1,9"
1,18 ±1,6"
0,57 ± 0,9' 0,24 ± 0,5°
0,17 ± 0,4°
0 0,25
Chin sQ>a (75 NSC)
0 0,51 ± 1,0*
1 2 ±2,2"
0,83 ± 1,3' 0,78 ±1,3' 0,43 ±0,9°
0 0,33 Ghi chit: NSC - Ngay sau cay; a,b,c - Ciing c6t, cdc chtt khdc nhau Id khdc nhau or mic p = 0,05.
(3 giai dopn trudc trd, kich thudc vit hpi ro nhit d Id t h i 2 vdi cd giing Q5 vd Khang ddn 18, kich thudc vit hai giai dopn ndy t i 0,33 - 0,45 cm.
Giai dopn trd, trifu chimg vet hpi cia nhfn gii quan sat rd d cdc be Id thi 2, b?
Id ddng va bg Id t h i 3. Kich thudc vit hpi Idn nhit d be Id t h i 2 va bg Id ddng (1,03 - 1,18 cm), bg Id t h i 3 cd kich thudc nhd hon. Giai dopn chin sira kich thudc vSt hai Idn nhit d bg la thi 2 d ca 2 gidng (1,18 - 1,2 cm), vit hai trSn bg Id t h i 3, thi 4 tuong duong nhau.
Kich t b
1 2 - 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 2 0
trorc
/|v3is.
/ ^ Vv...
/ / \\--4^..
/.a- ^ 'KJ
/ ^~~~*=ii
Bflng La 1 La 2 La 3 La 4 LS 5 La 6
— • — Q S T r S - - • - - Q S C h l i s & a
— * — K D I B T r S . . . i - . - K D I S C h h s O a
V j t r i
Hinh 3a. Kich thu&c vet hgi ciia nhen gie tren cdy lua & ngodi tif nhien Sif hinh thdnh vd kich thu&c vet hfi trong 0 thi nghidm ldy nhfn
Trong diSu kifn lay nhfn ISn cay lua sau cdy 15 ngdy, kit qua dieu tra kich thudc vit hpi d cdc giai doan sinh tnrdng phdt triin thu dugc thi hifn qua bdng 4.
740
s HQI NGHI C O N T R C I N G HQC QUQC GIA LAN THCf 7 - 1A NQI 2011
.^ Bdng 4. Chiiu dai (cm) v i t bai v i a nhfn gid t r f n cdy lua trong dilu kifn Idy nhfn , Kich
^Ihifflv v6t I hfi (cm)
~ Bflna , Lai La 2
• Las La4 Las Las
LSDsos
a s 1 Khanq d i n 18 TnpiK t r i
(45 NSC) 0 2,56 ± 4,28"
0.8 ±1.53°
0,03 ± 0,06°
0 0 0 1,53
T r i (60 NSC)
0 1.15±1.61"°
2.36 ± 2 , 4 1 "
0,2 ± 0,63"
0 2 ±0,63°
1,1 ±2.42""
0 1.29
Chin si>a (75 NSC)
0 0,91 ±1,28"' 3.53 ± 3.03°
5,16 ±3,65'°
7.75 ± 8,39"
3,8 ±6.19°
0 3,89
Truwc t r i (45 NSC)
0 1,14 ± 1 , 3 7 ' 0,4 ±0,62°
0,02 ± 0,06°
0 0 0 0,50
TrS (60 NSC)
0 0,97 ± 1 , 3 1 '
2.5 ± 3 . 3 1 "
_0,9 ± 2.84"
2,6 ± 3,65"
0 0 1,97
Chin sfra (75 NSC)
0 3,33 ± 4.28°
3,99 ± 4,88°
8,3 ± 9.67"
0,87 ±1.67°
0 0 3,97
" Gkl chu: NSC - Ngay sau cay; a, b, c - C^ng cpt, cac chft khdc nhau la khac nhau cr mirc p = 0,05.
Trong diiu kifn Idy nhfn, d cdc ky diiu tra cho thay d bg Id thi 6 khdng biiu hifn c6 vit hpi mdc du van cd nhfn gie phdn bd. O giai dopn trudc tro, kich thudc vet hpi rd nhat d bg la thi nhit (1,14 - 2,56 cm), cdc bg la thi 2, 3 kich thudc vit hai nhu nhau.
Giai dopn trS, kich thudc vit hai ldn nhit d bg Id thi 2 d gidng Q5 (2,36 cm), sau dd Id be Id ddng (1,15 cm). Giing Khang ddn 18, kich thudc vit hpi trSn cdc be Id ddng, Id (hi 2, 3 vd thi 4 nhu nhau. TrSn bdng Iia chua ro vit hai cua nhfn gie mpc du da cd matdf nhfn vd tring phdn bd kha cao. Giai dopn chin stta vSt hpi ldn nhat d be Id thi 4 (7,75 cm) d giing Q5 va Id thi 3 (8,3 cm) vdi giing Khang dan 18, cdc be Id khdc kich thudc vit hai nhu nhau.
Bflng Lai La2 Las U 4 U S La
Hinh 3b. Sir hinh thdnh vd kich thu&c vet hgi cua nhen gie tren cdy liia lay nhiem nhen Ktr LUAN VA Bt NGHJ
S\f phan b i gay hpi cia nhfn gie tren cay Iia cd su khac nhau theo giai doan sinh trudng phdt triin cd trong diiu kifn lay nhiSm nhfn va diSu tra tu nhien ngodi ding rufng. Cdc gidng khdc nhau cd thi cd su khdc bift vi mat dg cung nhu chiiu ddi vSt hai.
Giai dopn Iia de nhdnh, nhfn gie phan b i chu yiu d cdc be Id thi 4 va 5 vdi mpt dg thdp (0,7 - 0,8 nhfn vd 1,3 - 1,8 tring^g) d ngoai ding rugng.
HQI NGHI CON T R O N G HQC QUOC GIA LAN THCf 7 - HA NQI 2011
1 Giai dopn Iia trudc trd, nhfn gie vin tpp trung d Id thu 3 trSn gidng Khang dan lg vdi mat dg 3,5 nhfn vd 5,2 tring/ld.
Giai dopn Iia tri, d ngodi dong rufng nhfn gid tpp trung hai nhiiu nhit d Id thi 4 ', trSn giing Q5 vdi mat do 1,8 nhfn va 1,8 tring/ld.
Giai doan Iia chin siia, nhfn gid tdp trung nhiiu nhat trong bg Id ddng (gidng Khang dan 18) d ngoai ty nhiSn vdi mft dg 26,3 nhfn/Ia.
Giai doan Iia de nhanh da cd nhfn gie xam nhfp gdy hpi trSn cay Iia nhung chua biSu hifn ro trifu chiing.
TAI LI|:U THAM KHAO
1. Bf Nong nghifp va Phat triin nSng thon, 2006. Phuong phdp dieu tra phdt hifn sinh vdt hji.
Tieu chudn ngdnh lOTCN 982.
2. Do Thj Dao, Tran Thj Thu Phuong, NguySn Vdn DTnh, 2008. Nghien c i u budc dau ve nhjn gie Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley trSn mf t so giong lua trong d miin Bdc. Bdo cdo khoa hgc Hgi nghj Con trimg toan quoc ldn t h i 6: 5 1 2 - 5 1 8 .
3. Nguyen Vdn Dmh, 1994. Nghien cuu ddc diem sinh hgc va khd nang phong chong mpt s6 lodi nhfn hpi cay nong d Hd Nfi vd vimg php cpn. Lupn dn Pho tien s5^ Khoa hgc Nong nghifp. Dpi hgc Nong nghifp I Hd Ngi.
4. Nguyin Vdn Dinh, Trdn Thj Thu Phuong, 2006. K i t qud nghien c i u budc d i u v i nhfn gii hpi Ida Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley, 1967. Tap chi BVTV s i 4: 9 - 13.
5. Nguyen Van DTnh, Vuong Tiin Hung, 2007. Thanh phdn nhfn hpi lua d vimg Ha Nfi. T^p chi BVTV s i 3: 9 - 14.
6. Ngo Dinh Hoa, 1992. Nhfn nhd hpi Ida d Thita Thien Hue. Tap chi BVTV s6 6: 31 - 32.
*Thdm djnh khoa hgc: GS.TS. Hd Quang Hung - Trudng Dai hgc Ndng nghifp Hd Ngi.
S U M M A R Y
DISTRIBUTION O F PANICLE RICE MITE Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley A N D DIMENSION O F ITS D A M A G E T O T H E R I C E P L A N T
Duong Tien Vien, Do Thi Dao, Le Dinh Thanh, Nguyen Van Dinh Hanoi University of Agriculture
The experiment was conducted at Gialam, Hanoi, in summer rice. Results showed that number of eggs ot the Panicle Rice Mite (PRM) on different rice cultivars was different resulting In different degrees of damage. Generally, at 4 developmental stage of Ihe rice pianl the number of PRIVI In different leaf was differeni At the shooting stage, Ihe highest number of the mite and egg concentrated at leaf number 2. Then al panide initiation stage, the highest number of the mite and eggs was at the leaf number 3. At the flowering stage, the highest number was al Ihe leaf number 4, at this stage some mile occupied on young panicie. Al miiky stage (2 week after flowering) the highest number of the mile and eggs was al the leaf number 3. On Ihe panicle the number of mite and eggs was increased.
The dimension of Ihe mite's damage was only obvious direct before flowering on the leaf number 2 (0.3 - 0.4 cm long). At flowering stage Ihe symptoms of damage were deariy seen a l Ihe leaf number 1 and 2. A l milky stage the largest damage was seen at the leaf number 2 (1.18 - 1 . 2 cm long).
Key words: Panicie mile distribution, dimension of damage, rice cultivar.
742
