NGHIEN CUU
RESEARCH
Song thu trong doi song sinh vi^n
D0uThiHo^Nam
Truong Dai hoc Giao thOng Van tai - Ph&i hieu tai TP. H6 Chi Minh
Mdt trong nhiing thge trang trong xa hdi hien nay la tinh hinh thanh nidn, sinh vien chung sdng vdi nhau trude hdn nhan ngay cang tang ma bao ehi trong nude ggi la "sdng thii". Chflng ta cdn nhin nhdn vdn dd nay nhu thd nao? Vide sdng thii eua sinh vien dem lai nhung Igi ich eflng nhu tae hai gi? Ld'l sdng nay tich cgc hay tidu cgc, vd nd vi phgm phap luat hay khdng? Cau ha idi khdng edn la van dd rieng eua cae eo quan ed thdm quydn ma dang trd thanh mdt vdn de rat ndng hdi cfla todn xa hgi.
I.Datvande
Gidi tre ndi chung va sinh vien ndi ridng ngdy nay da manh dan hon trong thd hidn tinh cam cfla minh so vdi the he tmdc. Ciing vdi su du nhap eua eae trao luu vdn hda, ndp sdng "thodng" tu phuang tay, ngay cang nhidu cap ddi lua chgn eho minh phuong phap sdng thfl dd trai nghidm, dd dugc tu do d ben nhau nhung chua cd su chu'ng nhan eua phap luat. Cdc ban mudn sdng vdi nhau dd eflng nhau chia se nhflng budn vui cua cude sdng, eflng nhau trdi qua nhiing thang ham eua tudi tre nhung khdng mdt rang bude va mdt ngay ndo dd ca hai vung chai thi ed the chinh thflc ket hdn vdi nhau. Ddi vdi sinh vien, viec sdng thii nhu vay tdt hay khdng tdt, ndn hay khdng nen? Va ndu lua chgn sd'ng thu sinh vidn cdn trang bj nhiing kidn thflc gi eho ban than d^ khdng gdy hau qud xdu cho tuong lai, cude sdng cua minh?
Sdng thii hay sdng thii trude hdn nhan la mdt cum tii thudng dugc bdo chi Vidt Nam, dae biet la bao mgng, dung dd ehi mdt hidn tugng xa hdi, theo do cac cap ddi cd tinh cam vd sdng chung vdi nhau nhu vg ehdng, nhung khdng td chiie hdn Id eflng nhu dang ky kdt hdn.
Ddi vdi sinh vidn, nhiing ngudi tre chua the dfl khd nang lo cho ban than minh, vd vdn cdn phu thudc vao su chu cdp efla phy huynh, viee sdng thu cd the la ddng Ige giflp cdc ban ddng vien nhau vugt qua hoac sd eung keo nhau "xudng hd". Sg thieu chin chdn, ehua trudng thanh khie'n cho cd hai khdng dfl sg cdm thdng va thau hieu, ddng vidn nhau vuol qua khd khan md euge sdng ehung mang lai. Sdng thii vdn mai tdn tai hai kdt qud cudi eung ma ai eung de dang doan ra la tieh cgc vd tidu cue
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2. Thnc trang song thir ciia sinh vien hien nay Trong nhiing nam gdn ddy, tai eac thanh phd ldn, noi da phan cac hgc sinh, sinh vien theo hoc tai cdc trudng tmng cap, eao dang, dgi hge va cd cuOc sdng xa gia dinh. Theo didu tra khao sat tgi ba trudng dai hgc trdn dja ban thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, cd 42,3%
sinh vien ddng tinh vdi viec sdng thii trong tdng sd 1000 sinh vien dugc didu tra, 28,8% trong sd dd da va dang sd'ng thu vdi ngudi ydu. Da phdn sinh vidn ddu khdng d cung gia dinh md dang d nha thue hodc ki tflc xa. 80% sinh vien sd'ng thii ed quan he tinh dgc nhung van edn 10,9% khdng sii dung ede bien phdp tranh thai. 80,5% sinh vien chgn cdch ket hdn neu cd thai ngoai y mudn, 7,5% Iga ehgn nao pha thai, 12% cdn Igi lua ehgn cac phuong an khae nhu khdng tu quy^t dinh dugc, hdi bd me, tuy tinh hinh, tdi ddu hay tdi dd...
Ndi ve nguydn nhan sinh vien lua ehgn sd'ng thu gdm cd nhiing nguydn nhan sau day:
- Nguyen nhan xa hdi: Do dnh hudng cua van hda phuang tay tran vao. Quan diem ve tinh due va trinh tiet efla ngudi phu nfl d cdc qude gia phuang Ddng, dae biet d Viet Nam cdi md hon rat nhieu. Con nguoi, dae biet ngudi tre hien nay sdng dd eao su hudng thy va hanh phuc ca nhan hon la bi nhiing quan didm phong kien, tmyen thdng kim ham. Them vao dd, tmyen thdng va ket ndi intemet d nude ta hien nay vd cung thuan loi. Sinh vien, nhflng ngudi Ire duge nghe nhac, dgc tidu thuydt, xem phim anh va ea nhiing trang web ve tinh dgc mdt cdch rat de ddng. VI vdy,
"tai nghe khdng bdng mdt thdy", cd nhieu ban td md, mudn sdng thu dd bidt, mudn kham pha cude sdng vg ehdng va theo phong hao eung vdi ban be. Caeh suy nghi trao luu nay khidn eho sinh vidn tha minh vao
sdng Uiii, khdng hgp till chia tay, khdng cdn xem trgng gid tri cfla hdn nhan va ddi sdng gia dinh, xem nhe cac ndn tang dao diic efla con ngudi.
- Nguyen nhan gia dinh: Do cha me khdng hgnh phuc, gia dinh tan vd, con cdi ed don, tiiidu thdn tinh cdm. Mdt so khdc do xd hdi hidn dgi, cha me qud quan tdm kiem tien, khdng quan tdm ddn ddi sdng va tinh cdm cfla eon cdi, khdng gido dgc ddng vien con sdng lanh manh, phd mdc cho nhd trudng, xa hdi.
Gido dye gia dinh idng ido, it quan tdm den cdc em, ddc biet khi ede em dang d giai dogn kham phd bdn thdn, mudn yeu, khao Ididt yeu va dugc yeu mdt cil dd khde gidi, mudn ed ngudi quan tdm, ddng hanh, chia se mgi luc mgi ncri. Trong giai doan ndy, neu khdng cd su tdm ly vd dinh hudng dflng dan tii gia dinh, con cdi hodn todn cd thd di Idch Igc vdi djnh hudng phdt trien tuong lai eua chflng
- Nguydn nhdn ban tiidn: trd thanh sinh vien, phdn da cdc bgn se xa gia dinh, tu thue trg hge tai cdc thdnh phd, ty lap nhidu hon. Mdt sd ban trd de ddi, dd a dua theo ban be; la ngudi tre nhung sdng thieu mgc tidu, thidu djnh hudng phdt trien cho tuong lai. Mdt sd' khdc do tudi ddi cdn qud trd, ehua dfl ly tri, bdn linh, cdng vdi thidu hidu bidt, thidu kinh nghidm sdng ndn de de tinh cdm ehi phdi, thudng dung tinh cam dd quydt djnh hanh ddng. Tdt cd theo tieng ggi efla con tim md khdng nhdn thay dugc nhiing hau qud ve sau dd Igl.
Mdt sd nguyen nhdn khdc xudt phat tii ban thdn sinh vien nhu chua tu chfl tai eiiinh nen mudn tiet Idem ehi phi sinh hoat; mudn ed thdi gian cho ngudi ydu va tim hidu ddi phuong nhidu hon; mudn khang dinh ban than eflng nhu dd thda man nhung td md eua tudi mdi ldn; ham mudn iddm tim cam gidc la... Tat ed nhung nguyen nhdn dd ddn den sinh vien lua ehgn sdng thii trude hdn nhdn.
3. Lgi ich va tac hai cua song thir sinh vien Xet ve mat ti'eh cue, sdng thii dem lai eho sinh vidn mdt so Igl ich nhu: chia se ganh n^ng tai chinh, cd ngudi giup dd, ehla se bdt thidu thdn tinh cam khi xa gia dinh, hieu rd hem ve ngudi yeu, cd kinh nghiem niildu hon hong ehuydn tinh cam vdi ngudi Ididc gidi va hong cude sd'ng hdn nhan...
Tuy nhidn, vd mdt tidu cgc, sinh vien sd'ng thfl ddn ddn rdt nhidu hd lyy cho bdn thdn. Khi sdng chung, tinh cdch, sd thich, cdi tdi cd nhan ididc nhau deu dugc bde id va va chgm. Neu khdng biet dung hda va khdng dfl hach nhidm, khdng cd su rang bude se rat dd budng bd, tan vd. Nhdt id sinh vidn "sdng thu" edn phai mang theo ndi lo hgc hanh, n6l lo "com do gao tidn" thi cang bflc bdi. Ddc bidt ddi vdi nu se cang dd gdy ra nhung xao trdn tam ly, phan tan tu tudng, xao nhang nhidm vg chinh la hge lap. Thdm nua, sinh vien eflng rdt d^ gap phai nhiing rui ro ca nhdn nhu: Igm
dung thudc hanh thai Idu ngay khidn niem mac tfl cung bi leo, tiling khdng ldm td duge, mang thai ngoai da con; trudng hgp khde la ed thai ngodi y mudn khi edn qud tre, nao phd thai, anh hudng ngiiidm trgng ddn siic khde sinh sdn va tdm sinh ly ngudi phy nu.
Con cdi sinh ra chua dugc phdp luat cdng nhdn, thieu thdn cd ve vat ehat va sg gido due cfla cd cha ldn me, de gap nhieu vdn de xa hdi va tinh cam nhu tram cdm, lam dung chat kieh thich, bd hgc, ydu duong sdm ...
Vidn Gid tri Hoa Ky ket ludn: "Viec sd'ng thu gia tang la mdi de dga tiem dn ddi vdi ehat lugng vd tinh dn dinh eiia ddi sdng eon cdi trong ede gia dinh ngay nay". Dac bidt, sdng thii va quan he tinh dye ed thd keo theo nhidu cdn benh nguy hidm nhu phu khoa, Idu, giang mai..,Gdy dnh hudng xdu ddn eudc sdng hdn nhdn thgc su sau ndy. Theo thdng ke tai Viet Nam tiii sd'ng thii trude hdn nhan, dae biet la d sinh vien, ed tren 90% ede cap ddi tan vd Cde cap nam nu sd'ng thii cd ti le ngoai tinh cao gdp 4 ldn so vdi nhiing cap vg chdng thue su, chat lugng ddi sd'ng thd ehdt vd tinh cam cung thdp hon. Su gdn bd tinh cdm eflng khdng sau sde bdng nhiing cap va ehdng khdng sd'ng thfl, ty le chia tay sau hdn nhan cfla nhiing ngudi da tiing sd'ng thii eung cao han.
Nhu vay cd the ndi nam nii sdng thii Id tu nguyen khdng ai cd quydn ngan cdn. Tuy nhien khi dang Id sinh vien, sd'ng thu' dem lai nhidu hau qua, va he lyy ve sau hon Id nhiing loi ieh trude mdt ma nd dem lai.
4. Giai phap lam giam tinh trang song thir B€ "sd'ng thfl" dugc, cdn cd mdt sd dieu kien eu thd: dieu kien vd kien thiie, ky nang va thai do (vd tam sinh ly, gidi tinh, td chue eudc sdng, tinh trach nhiem, luat phap, nguyen tdc va ky nang ling xu, thuong luong...), didu kien vd su tu chu tai chinh nhdt djnh, dieu kien vd su thdng nhat giua hai ben, va quan trgng hdt Id thai do nghiem tflc vdi hanh ddng cfla minh.
Thudng sinh vidn "sdng thfl" it de y nhirng dieu ndy.
Viec cd "sdng thu" hay khdng, va "sdng thu" nhu the nao phg thudc hoan toan vao Iga chgn cua chinh sinh vien. Tuy nhien, nhu da phan tich, sdng thu khi edn la sinh vidn de lai nhiing he lyy to ldn eho ca ea nhan sinh vien va xa hdi. Vi vdy, can cd mdt s6 nhung bien phdp de giam thieu thap nhdt viee sdng thfl' trong ddi sdng sinh vien. Nhiing bien phap nay se phat huy hieu lue tdi da ndu cd su phdi hgp ddng bd cfla tdt cd cac ben: gia dinh, nha tnrdng, xa hdi va chi'nh ban than sinh vidn.
- Ve phia gia dinh
Gia dinh la td bao cua xa hgi. Gia dinh la tnidng hge dau tidn, cha me chinh Id nhiing nha giao due ddu tien vd tren tat cd ddi vdi eon cai. Sg quan tdm va dlnh hudng eua cha me ed siie manh to Idn hon bat ky n g i hinh thu'c giao due ndo. Cha me hdy tao bau khdng
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NGHllN cuu ^
khi gia dinh ddy hgnh phflc, ydu Uiuong, quan tam vd hau ddi kidn thiie vd tinh yeu, vd hdn nhdn gia dinh, ddng hdnh hong sudt qud hinh trudng thanh eua con. khdng nen vi nhiing Idi ngon nggt cfla ngudi ydu md Ndu nhu khi con nhd Id djnh hudng vide gitr vd sinh, di bd qua nhiing gid hi dgo diic cua ngudi Vidt Nam, hge dung gid, ldm bai t$p day dfl..., thi d do tudi bdn nh(mg mong mdi cfla me cha va hoai bao efla bdn Id efla trudng thanh nay, hay dong eflng con hong vi§c than. Cdc bgn gal phdi tg biet bao vd ban thdn minh.
giflp con bidt hgc dai hgc de lam gi, tuong lai se nhu Diing chi vi mgt gidy phut ndng ndi ma phai dn h^n thd ndo, tinh ydu d iiia tudi nay can ed Iddn thiie gi, sudt d ^ khi chdng may mdt ludn thidn chiie lam m?
ydu thd nao eho dflng.. .Ndu cha me nao eflng lam hode dnh hudng ldn ddn con dudng tuong lai sau ndy.
duge didu dd, till mdi gia dinh se id nhiing td bdo khde Ngo^ gid hge, sinh vidn nen tiiam gia ede hogt mgnh eua xa hdi, vd con edi ehde chdn se hudng (j^ng ^^^^ ^di, tgo mdt san choi lanh manh, giao luu tiidnh vung vang trong tinh ydu tiiuong cua tat ea mgi hgc hdi, rdn luydn ky nang mdm; tiiam gia mdt s6 ngudi xung quanh. cdng viec lam ttiem dd rdn luyen cac ky ndng xd hOi, Tuy nhidn, d Vidt Nam hien nay, da sd cae bac phy ehil ddng, tieh cgc hem hong cude sdng vd cung cd huynh m$e du ed kinh nghidm, nhung viec tdm ly vd thd hang trdi phan nao kinh piii sinh hoat eho gia dinh.
ddng hdnh eung con trong chuyen tinh yeu, ddc bidt ndi ehuydn vd tinh dye vdi eon cdi thi khdng dugc phd bidn. Thudng tiii phy huynh Viet Nam hay dung quydn ldm cha me de cam eon cdi chuydn yeu duong kill dang di hge, va eung rdt nggl chuyen gido due con ve tinh dye trong tinh yeu. Nhiing diia eon d do tudi ndy thudng eang cdm cdng lam, giau gidm dd ldm cho ddn Idii xdy ra hdu qua till chinh phu huynh igi id nguoi piiai diing ra giai quydt. Vi vdy, bdn than phy huynh cung ndn tu thay ddi, tg hgc hdi thdm cdc kien thiic vd tdm ly gido due dd cd thd giflp dd eon cdi minh tdt hon.
- Vd piiia nha trudng
Bdn cgnh gido dgc kidn thiic, nhd tiudng edn quan tdm, ddy mgnh tuydn tmydn vd gido dgc gidi tinh vd siie idide sinh san ngay tii nam thii nhdt nhdm ndng eao nhdn thiie eho hgc sinh, sinh vidn. Cd thd dua nhiing Iddn thiic ndy vdo ndi dung mdt s6, mdn hgc nhu ky ndng mdm.-.Ddng thdi Doan thanh nien, hdi sinh vidn, cdc khoa bd mdn eflng ndn tiiudng xuydn td chiie cdc budi gido dye ky nang sdng, ly tiidng sdng cho sinh vien, Uianh nidn. Thdm vdo dd, quan tam vd tdng cudng cdc hoat dOng ngoai khda, cde budi giao luu dd hge sinh, sinh vidn cd thd hgc hdi chia se kinh ngiiidm vd eudc sdng
- Vd phia xa hdi
Xa hdi ndn cd nhung budi tuydn tiuy^n, neu guong.
5. Ket iuan
Sinh vidn sdng ttiu Id mdt Idi sdng khdng dugc khuydn khieh vi nd dd lgi nliieu tdc hgi ddi vdi gia dinh vd xa hdi. Nd lam bang hogi Idi sdng lanh mgnh eua gidi he vd gdy nhidu hdu qua ddng tide cho chinh hiong lai cfla cdc bgn trd. Hay nhd rdng nhiem vy chinh cfla minh la an, hge, lam nhung gi minh Uiichvd sdng cho cd y ngiiia. Hay cii de tudi he efla minh hdi qua mdt each vui tuoi vdi nhflng nu cudi tuoi rdi. Diing giam Idng tudi sdi noi cfla minh vao mdi trudng sdng tiiii ddy nhung lo toan, bdn bd, hodi nghi, tiiam ehi la ddi Ilia. Vd trude khi "Uifl" hdy nghi ddn rUiung h§u qua "th$t"./.
Tai iieu tham ichao
https://vi.wikipedia.org/vviki/Sdng thii http://songtinmungtinhyeu.org^index.php?open=c ontents&id=i028
l'ittps://edu2review.coni/news/giai-tri/van-de-song- thu-trong-sinh-vien-3429.html
https://anninhthudo.vn/doi-song/nhung-he-luy- nhOng budi hdi tiido, nhflng didn ddn va nhung bdi nghiet-nga-khi-nu-sinh-song-ttiu/744770.antd vidtlienquanddnvdnddnay,nenldi^-^tridnbainhidu https://tongglaophanhanoi.org/glao-ly/hon.
td chiie khde nhau hong xd hdi nhu dd. ^ X ^ " h "h nhan/2139-tang S^-le-song-thu-lam-tang-mue-bat-on- dai phdt thanh, cde tgp ehi, dodn Uianh mdn, cdc td ._^^^^ ^ '
chiie xd hOi,.--
Chinh quydn dia phuang cOng cdn lam tdt cdng tdc tuydn tmydn ddn cdc hO gia dinh cho sinh vien Uiue trg dd hg thdt chat hon vdn dd ky iu^t, ndi quy phdng trg, xdm trg
- Vd phia bdn tiidn sinh vidn
Sinh vidn nen sdng cd muc tidu, cd hodi bao cho eudc ddi phia hudc cua minh. Ndn cd gdng hgc hdi,
