Phat trien nguon nhan luc chat lugmg cao trong nen kinh te tri thirc
Nguyen Thi Hien'"'
Tom tat: Trong xu the hgi nhap vd todn cdu hoa, dgc biet trong boi cdnh cugc each mgng cdng nghiep 4.0, di tgo dgng luc cho suphdt triin nen kinh te tri thuc, cdc qudc gia deu chii trgng din,phdt triin nguon nhdn luc chat lugng cao. Ddy ciing Id li^c lugng tiin phong quyet dinh su thdnh bgi cua Viet Nam trin con duang phdt trien dot phd hucmg tai hinh thdnh nen kinh ti tri thiic trong tuong lai. Tuy nhiin, chat luang ngudn nhdn luc nuoc ta hien nay chua cd nhieu dot phd. vdn cdn tdn tgi mgt so bdt cap trong gido due - dao tgo. Bdi viet tap trung lam ro mgtsd vdn de lien quan din phdt trien ngudn nhdn luc chdt luang cao trong xdy dung nin kinh ti tri thicc hien nay a Viet Nam. Trin co sa do, di xuat mgt sd gidi phdp nham phdt triin ngudn nhdn luc chdt luang cao trong qud trinh xdy dung nen kinh te tri thicc trong boi cdnh mdi.
Tu khoa: Ngudn nhan luc, Ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao, Kinh te tri thiic
Abstract: Against the background of integration and globalization, especially in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), countries tend to pay attention to creating high quality human resources as a driving force for developing a knowledge economy. Such a pioneering force shall determine whether Vietnam will succeed at having a breakthrough into a knowledge economy. However, the current human resources quality in Vietnam has not been significantly improved. There still exist several educational and training weaknesses. The paper focuses on a number of issues related to the high quality human resources development during the establishment of a knowledge economy in Vietnam. On that basis, it proposes some solutions for the above-mentioned issues in the new context.
Keywords: Human Resources, High Quality Human Resources, Knowledge Economy
1. D a t v a n d e nghe, con ngudi..., trong dd, ngudn lue Thuc te cho thay, mdi quoc gia mudn con ngudi la y l u td quan trgng va cd tinh phat triln kinh t l - xa hdi khdng the khdng ehat quylt dinh nhit, dugc xem la ngudn dua tren cac ngudn lue chu ylu nhu: tai luc ciia mgi ngudn lue, tai nguyen ciia mgi nguyen thien nhien, vdn, khoa hgc - edng tai nguyen. Ngudn nhan luc ehat lugng cao dugc xem la nhan td quan trgng hang dku
<•> ThS., Trucmg Dai hoc Kinh tS - Ky thuat Cong ^uyet dinh SU thanh bai cua bSt ky qudc gia nghiep; Email: [email protected] nao trong qua trinh hdi nhap vao xu hudng
Phat h'ien ngudn nhan luc... 27 phat trien mdi cua thdi dai; la mgt bd phan
khdng tach rdi ngudn nhan luc quoe gia, khi quoe gia dd chuyen dan sang nen kinh te dua tren tri thiic la chu yeu. Phat trien ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao ciia mgt qudc gia chinh la sir thay ddi sd lugng va chat lugng ve kien thiie, ky nang, the luc va tinh than; la qua trinh tao lap va su dung nang luc toan dien cua con ngudi cho phat trien kinh te - xa hdi va su hoan thien cua mdi ca nhan (Le Hiiu Lap, 2016).
Ci Viet Nam, ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao la bd phan tinh tiiy eua ngudn nhan luc dat nude; la lue lugng ndng cdt trong viec hien thue hda dudng loi, ehinh sach eua Dang va Nha nude, dang va se tham gia vao qua trinh lao ddng san xuat, tao ra nang suat, chat lugng, hieu qua cao vdi nhiing ddng gdp tich cue eho su nghiep xay dung va bao ve Td quoc (Pham Dire Tien, 2012).
Ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao ddng vai trd la mgt trong nhiing giai phap dgt pha trong qua trinh phat trien ciia dat nude;
la mgt trong nhiing yeu td cdt loi cua nang luc canh tranh qudc gia, the hien trong: ddi mdi td ehiie bd may quan ly nha nude va nang cao hieu lire, hieu qua quan ly nha nude; chuyen dich co eau kinh te; tao lap cac nganh nghe hien dai va thiic day phat trien, ling dung khoa hge - cdng nghe;
nang eao nang suat lao ddng xa hgi; thiic day phat trien toan bg ngudn nhan luc ndi chung; phat trien nen kinh te theo hudng ben viing...
Kinh te tri thiic la nen kinh te trong dd khoa hge - cdng nghe trd thanh luc lugng san xuat true tiep, la yeu td quyet dinh. Phat triln nguon nhan luc ehat lugng cao la dieu kien tien quyet de xay dung nen kinh te tri thire. Nen kinh te tri thiic chi cd the phat trien dugc tren co sd ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao, bdi chinh luc lugng nay tilp thu.
san sinh ra tri thue va van dung tri thiic vao cae ITnh vue eiia ddi sdng xa hgi.
Phat triln ngudn nhan luc ch4t lugng cao trong qua hinh xay dung n i n kmh te tti thiic d Viet Nam la tdng t h i boat dgng cua Dang va Nha nude, cae doan the ehinh tri, xa hdi va ngudi lao dgng, vdi dudng Idi, CO ehl, chinh sach diing dan, dac biet chii trgng d i n phat trien giao due - dao tao nhSm nang cao the luc, tri luc va tam luc de tao ra ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao, dap ling yeu cau hgi nhap va phat trien ben vung eua dat nude.
2. Thuc trang phat t r i l n nguon nhan luc chat lugng cao d Viet Nam hien nay
Viet Nam dang d trong thdi ky co cau
"dan sd vang", thdi ky ma dan sd trong do tuoi lao dgng cao nhat. Theo sd lieu eua Tdng cue Thdng ke ve lao ddng, viec lam, luc lugng lao ddng tir 15 tudi h-d len eua ea nude den thdi diem ngay 1/4/2018 udc tinh la 55,1 trieu ngudi (Tdng cue Thdng ke, 2018). Nhu vay, neu so vdi dan sd udc tinh khoang 94 trieu ngudi vao nam 2018 thi Viet Nam van dang cd ngudn cung lao dgng ddi dao va dn dinh (Xem: Le Kim Dung, 2018).
Trong nhung nam gan day, Viet Nam dang sd huu mgt ngudn nhan luc kha ddi dao ve sd lugng. Mgt thdng ke nam 2014 cho thay, ca nude cd khoang 14.000 tien sT va tien sT khoa hgc; 1.432 giao su; 7.750 phd giao su; 16.000 thac si; 30.000 can bd boat ddng khoa hge va edng nghe; 52.129 giang vien dai hgc, cao dang, trong sd do 49% giang vien dai hgc cd trinh do thac sT trd len; 14.000 giao vien trung cap chuyen nghiep; 11.200 giao vien day n g h i va 925.000 giao vien he phd thdng (Dudng Vinh Suong, 2014). Cdn theo thdng ke eiia Bd Giao due va Dao tao, tinh den nam hgc 2016-2017, tdng sd giang vien trong cac
Thang tin Khoa hoc xa h61. s6 7.20tS truang dai hgc la 72.792 nguai, tang 4,6%
so vol nam hpc 2015-2016, trong do giang vien CO trinh do tien sT la 16.514 (tang 21,4%) va thac sT la 43.065 (tang 6,6%) (Bp Giao due va Dao tao, 2017).
Tuy nhien, trong nguon lao dong do,
"chat" khong song hanh cung "lugng", khi ma trinh dp, tay nghe nhan luc cua chung ta khong dugc danh gia cao, nhat la so sanh tuong quan vai cac nuac trong khu vuc va the gioi. Nguon nhan lire chilt lugng cao thieu hut ve so lugng, han che ve chat luang va bat cap ve ca cau.
Theo danh gia ciia cac chuyen gia trong nuac va mot so to chiic quoc te, chat lugng nguon nhan luc ctia Viet Nam hien nay a mirc thap va co khoang each Ion so vol cac quoc gia trong khu virc. Bao cao danh gia ciia Ngan hang The gioi (WB) nam 2014 cho th4y, chit lugng ngu6n nhan luc ciia Viet Nam hien nay, tinh theo thang diSm 10, chi dat 3,39, xIp thii 11/12 nuoc chau A tham gia xSp hang ciia WB, trong khi mgt so nuoc trong khu vuc nhu Han Qudc la 6,91; An Do la 5,76; Malaysia la 5,59;
Thai Lan la 4,94... (Din theo: Nguyen Khang, 2016).
Tinh d6n quy 1/2018, ty le lao dgng da qua dao tag tir trinh dp "so cdp nghS" tro len uoc tinh la 11,6 trieu nguoi, chi chiSm 21,5% so lao dong c6 vice lam trong ca nude (Tong cue Thong ke, 2018). Ty le lao dgng qua dao tao thdp la nguyen nhan din den nang suat lao dgng ciia Viet Nam nim trong nhom thip ciia khu vuc chau A - Thai Binh Duong va ASEAN. Cac chuyen gia cho ring, nang sufa lao dgng thjp, Ihiin lao dgng CO tay nghS, trinh dp ngoai ngii va cac ky nang mSm khac dang khiin lao dong ciia Vipt Nam yhi thS trong cugc canh tranh khoc liet tren thi truong lao dgng khi hgi nhapAEC... (Xem: Nguyen Khang, 2016).
Hon nua, chat lugng ngudn nhan luc dugc dao tao nhin chimg chua cao. Theo ket qua dieu tra gan day, co toi 63% sinh vien tot nghiep dai hgc chua c6 vipc lam;
nhieu ca quan, doanh nghiep phai mat tit 1 den 2 nam dao tao lai sinh vien da t6t nghiep khi nhan vao lam viec. Trong so 37% sinh vien ra truang co viee lam, ve ca ban cung chua dap ting dugc yeu cSu cong vice... (Duong Vinh Suong, 2014), Mac du nhieu sinh vien tot nghiep loai gioi nhimg van bi don vi tuyen dung lao dgng tir choi vi thieu ky nang va kinh nghiem lam viec.
Trinh dp chuyen mon chua dap ung yeu cau thuc te, nang luc xa hgi cua ngugi hgc sau khi ra truong con han che, chua theo kip xu the ciia thoi dai. Su thich ung ciia ngudi lao dpng vol cong viec chua cao, kha nang tiep nhan, ung dung va sang tao tri thuc cdn thap; thieu hut ky nang lao ddng va tay nghe trong mgt sd nganh. ChSng han, ddi vdi nhan lire nganh cdng nghe thdng tin, 72% sd sinh vien nganh cdng nghe thdng tin khdng cd kinh nghiem thuc hanh, 42%
sd sinh vien thieu ky nang lam viec nhdm (Dan theo: Nguydn Dinh B5c, 2018).
Tren thuc te, ty le that nghipp d nhom co trinh do cao dang, dai hgc trd len chidm cao nhat. Tinh den cuoi nam 2015, ca nuac co 417,3 nghin ngudi co trinh dp chuyen mdn ky thuat bi that nghiep (chidm 39,7%), nhung ngudi cd trinh dp dai hgc trd len chidm ty le that nghiep cao nhit (155,5 nghin ngudi) (Dan theo: Vii Xuan Hung, 2016). Bdn quy IV/2017, sd ngudi thit nghiep cd trinh do dai hge trd len la 215,3 nghin ngudi. Nhdm trinh do cao ding cd 78,8 nghin ngudi thit nghiep (Bd Lao dgng - Thuang binh va Xa hgi, Tdng cue Thdng ke, 2018).
Bdo cdo Chi s6 ndng luc cgnh tranh cdp tinh (PCI) 2017 io Phdng Thuang mai va Cdng nghiep Viet Nam (VCCI) cdng bd
Phat trien nguon nhan l u c . 29 eho thay, 6 9 % doanh nghiep cd vdn dau tu
nude ngoai (FDI) tai Viet Nam dang gap khd khan trong viec tuyen dung cae can bd ky thuat cd tay nghe de phue vu boat ddng san xudt, kinh doanh (VCCI, 2018).
Ben canh dd, sd lieu khao sat tai gan 40 Sd Lao ddng - Thuang binh va Xa hdi va ban 20 Ban quan Iy eae khu edng nghiep, khu che xuat ciing ehi ra, xu hudng eac doanh nghiep su dung lao ddng nude ngoai gia tang, trong dd gan 50% la lao ddng phd thdng va chi gan 4 5 % cd trinh do dai hgc trd len. Vi vay, van de cap thiet hien nay la can ed giai phap tang cudng nang luc ky thuat cho lao ddng Viet Nam va xay dung chien luge dao tao nhan su ngi bg de phat huy hieu qua boat ddng ciia cac doanh nghi?p FDI (Xem: Bao Binh, 2018).
Co eau trinh do nhan luc lao dgng ciia Viet Nam ciing dang the hien nhieu bat cap, khi ty le lao ddng gian tiep (tdt nghiep dai hgc trd len) lai eao ban nhieu so vdi nhung ngudi lao dgng true tiep (trinh do sa cap, trung eip, cao dang). Trong khi do, theo quy luat cua thi trudng lao ddng, nhiing ngudi lao dgng true tiep phai cao gap nhieu lin so vdi lao dgng gian tiep. Chinh su bat hgp ly nay da dan d i n tinh trang thi trudng lao ddng Viet Nam "thua thay, thieu thg"
nhieu nam qua. Cu the, theo thdng ke cua Bg Lao ddng - Thuong binh va Xa hdi va Tong cue Thdng ke, ve eo cau trinh do lao ddng trong nhdm lao dgng tu 15 tudi trd len da qua dao tao tinh den quy IV/2017: ty le tdt nghiep dai hge trd len chiem 9,74%; cao ding la 3,44%; trung cap la 5,23%) va so cdp 3,39% (Bd Lao ddng - Thuong binh va xa hgi, Tdng cue Thdng ke, 2018).
Phan bd lao ddng dugc dao tao theo trinh do chuyen mdn ky thuat d Viet Nam hien nay eiing khdng hgp ly. Theo mgt thdng ke mdi day, "sd tiln s! la hern 14
nghin ngudi, nhung cd tdi 70%. giii ehiie vu quan ly, chi cdn 30%. lam cdng tae chuyen mdn,... (Le Huu Tap, 2016). Hon nua, hon 92% sd can bg cd trinh do tiln sT trd len tap tnmg d Ha Ndi va Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, h:ong khi dd tai Tay Nguyen, Tay Bac va Tay Nam bd ty le nay chua tdi 1 % (Nguyin Dinh B i c , 2018).
Su chuyin dich co eau lao ddng eac nganh ddi hdi lao dgng ky thuat cao cham ban nhieu giua co cau kinh te vdi co cau nganh nen tao ra mgt lugng lao dgng du thira nganh nay, thieu hut nganh khac, do dd nhieu lao dgng phai lam trai nghe dan d i n han c h i hieu qua san xuat, lang phi ngan sach nha nude va xa hgi.
Tdm lai, chat lugng ngudn nhan luc d Vi?t Nam cdn thieu hut so vdi nhu cau, dgi ngii lao ddng cdn yeu ca ve the luc va trinh do, ky nang so vdi yeu eau ngay cang eao cua cdng cugc phat trien kinh te, ngudn nhan lue khoa hge cdng nghe vira thieu vira yeu, sd lao dgng qua dao tao cdn thap, cd su mat can ddi ve ca cau lao dgng qua dao tao giiia giao due nghe va giao due dai hgc d Viet Nam hiSn nay.
3. Mot so giai phap chii yeu nham thuc day phat trien nguon nhan luc chat lugng cao d Viet Nam trong qua trinh xay dung nen kinh te tri thuc
Trudc thuc trang thieu ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao cua Viet Nam hien nay, tac ddng kep cua hgi nhap va cugc each mang cdng nghiep 4.0 dang tao ra ca co bdi va thach thiic ldn vdi phat trien ngudn nhan luc ciia Viet Nam (Xem: Le Kim Dung, 2018).
vi ca hgi, qua trinh hgi nhap se tao co hgi de Viet Nam trd thanh diem den ciia nhieu ddng chay dau tu qudc te, giiip tang nhirng dy an dau tu mang tinh tien phong ve cdng nghe hoac quy md ldn, thu hep khoang each ve nang suat lao ddng, tang
Thong tin Khoa hoc xa h6i. so 7.201S von dau tu true tiep tir nude ngoai, cung
vdi nang cao trinh do quan ly, dao tao ngudn nhan luc, gdp phin tao ra nhieu viec lam mdi cho ngudi lao ddng... Ben canh dd, Viet Nam ed lgi t h i ldn v l lue lugng lao ddng ddi dao va ca cau lao dgng tre;
CO thi thu hiit dugc lao ddng chat lugng cao tir cac nude den lam viec, bii dap su thilu hut lao ddng chdt lugng cao, giiip tang nang suat lao ddng, giam khoang each so vdi cac nen kinh te khac trong khu vuc va tren the gidi;...
vi thdch thicc, canh tranh ve nhan luc chat lugng cao se dien ra tren binh dien the gidi, khu vuc va qudc gia. Viec md ra kha nang di chuyen lao dgng giua cac nude ddi hoi ngudi lao dgng phai cd ky nang nghe cao, cd nang luc lam vice trong mdi trudng quoc te vdi nhiing tieu chuan, tieu chi do thi trudng lao ddng xac dinh. Canh tranh giiia Viet Nam vdi cae nude tren the gidi trong vi?c cung cap nguon lao dgng chdt lugng cao ngay cang tang doi hdi chdt lugng giao due nghe nghiep phai dugc cai thien dang ke theo hudng tiep can dugc cae chuan cua khu vuc va the gidi nham tang cudng kha nang cdng nhin van bang chung chi giua Viet Nam va cae nude khae.
Trong thdi gian tdi, Viet Nam se phai doi mat vdi van de gia hda dan s6 lam eho lgi the luc lugng lao ddng tre mdt ddn di theo thdi gian. Mgt vdn d l khac la nin kinh t l se chiu anh hudng nang n l tir hien tugng bien ddi khi hau khien mgt sd nganh suy giam manh v l lgi the eanh tranh; nang sudt lao ddng va chat lugng viec lam edn thap;
van hanh he thdng thdng tin thi trudng lao dgng hien nay cdn nhilu bdt cap; kha nang thieh img vdi thay ddi, ky nang thuc hanh va y thirc, tac phong lam viec ciing la nhiing thach thirc khdng nhd doi vdi lao dgng Viet Nam.
Til nhiing danh gia d tren, budc dau chiing tdi tdng hgp va ddng thdi dua ra ggi y mgt sd giai phap nham phat trien ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao trong qua trinh xay dung n i n kinh te tri thiic d Viet Nam trong thdi gian tdi.
Thii nhdt. tiep tuc ndng cao nhdn thiic trong todn xd hgi
c d n xac dinh rd ngudn nhan luc ehat lugng cao la tai nguyen quy gia nhat cua dat nude. Vi vay, tiep tuc tuyen truyen de toan xa hdi nhan thitc dung dan ban ntra ve vi tri, vai trd ciia nhan luc chat lugng cao trong bdi eanh hien nay, tir dd tao su chuyen bien manh ve nhan thiic d tat ca cac cap lanh dao tir Trung uong den dia phuong. Ben canh dd, can ddi mdi tu duy trong sii dung, danh gia va dai ngg nhan lye, phai dua vao nang lue thyc va ket qua, hieu qua cdng viec. Trong xay dyng nen kinh te tri thirc, can nhanh ehdng khac phuc hien tugng de cao "bang cap" trong tuyen dung va danh gia nhan lue.
Ngoai ra, can day manh edng tae xa hgi hoa giao due, timg budc hoan thien co che, phat huy vai trd giam sat cua cgng ding, khuyen khich cac hoat ddng khuyin hpc, khuyen tai, x^y dung xa hgi hgc tap, lam cho toan xa hdi tham gia vao cong tac giao due, dao tao. Can xay dyng mgt xa hgi hgc tap theo phuong cham "hgc sudt ddi", "hgc d mgi noi, mgi hoan canh".
Thii hai. tiip tuc hodn thien ca che, thi che
Trong thoi gian tilp theo, cdn tang cudng tdng kit thue tien, ddi mdi tu duy ly luan d l Ichdng ngimg hoan thien he thdng dudng loi, chmh sach, he thing quy pham phap lup, tao hanh lang phap ly cho viee phat yien ngudn nhan lyc chdt lugng eao phu hgp vdi yeu cdu xay dyng n i n kinh te tti thirc. De lam dugc dilu nay cdn md
Phat h-ien ngu6n nhan ILTC... 31 rdng CO che phat hien ngudn nhan luc chat
lugng cao; cd chinh sach dao tao, bdi dudng ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao; can cd sy ket hgp ehat che giiia cac co quan quan ly nhan sy vdi eae trudng dai hgc; thyc hien ddi mdi chinh sach tien luong, nha d, bao hiem, cham sde sire khde, tao ddng luc, mdi trudng de ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao cd the phat huy dugc kha nang cua minh (Pham Diie Tiln, 2012).
Thic ba, tap trung ddu tu cho gido due ddo tgo
Van de ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao d Viet Nam hien van dang la bai toan can tim Idi giai. De giai quyet van de nay, viec ddi mdi co che giao due dao tao dang la mgt ddi hdi biic thiet. Theo dd, can ddi mdi manh me, toan dien giao due va dao tao, timg budc cung cap ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao dap ling nhu cau xa hdi; can doi mdi tiep can xay dyng nen giao due, thay ddi triet ly "hgc de biet" sang "bgc de lam viec"; phai cai each ngi dung va phuong phap dao tao theo phuong cham thiet thye, bam sat yeu cau cua thyc tien va dap ung yeu cau xay dung nen kinh te tri thiic...
Phai dao tao ra ngudn nhan lyc cd su sang tao va thich ling cao trong mgi hoan eanh, cd kha nang thich img vdi cdng viec mdi, van dung nhiing tu tudng mdi, ed ky nang lam viec theo nhdm, binh dang trong cdng viee, cd hoai bao de trd thanh nhiing nha khoa hgc ldn, cac nha doanh nghiep gidi, cac nha lanh dao xuat sae, cd nang lyc tim kiem va sir dung thdng tin... (Nguyen Khang, 2016).
Bdi eanh cua the gidi va thdi dai dang md ra nhiing trien vgng, dieu kien thuan lgi cho Viet Nam ddng thdi eiing dat nude ta trudc nhieu nguy co, thach thirc tren tiln trinh hgi nhap, trong dd, sy lac hau, tut hau v l tri tue la dieu dang lo ngai nhat. Vdi tu
each la cai ndi dao tao nguIn nhan luc chat lugng eao, eac trudng dai hge, cao dang, trung cdp nghi, dac biet la giao due dai hgc cd trgng trach to ldn trong qua trinh tao lap, phat trien tiem luc tri tue cho dat nude.
Thic tu, tiep tuc ma rgng quan he hgp tdc quoc te
Thye hien ddy manh hgp tac quoe te nham phat trien ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng eao la vd cung can thiet va quan trgng.
Trong thdi gian tdi can tiep tuc thyc hien chinh sach ho trg tir ngan sach nha nude va huy ddng cac ngudn vdn xa hdi hda, keu ggi vdn dau tu nude ngoai nham xay dyng mgt so trudng dat chuan quoc te. Can thu hiit mgt sd trudng dai hgc cd dang cap qudc te vao Viet Nam hoat ddng; hgp tac qudc te dao tao giang vien d cac bac hge; hgp tac qudc te nham chuyen giao cdng nghe dao tao hien dai; hgp tac dao tao sinh vien, hgc vien hgc nghe, dac biet la trong mgt sd ITnh vyc miii nhgn... Day la co sd, tien de quan trgng trong xay dung nen kinh te tri thiic, bat nhip vdi xu the phat trien cua thdi dai.
4. Thay loi k i t
Trong nen kinh te tri thiic, he thdng giao due cd eo hdi hdi nhap, canh tranh va hudng tdi phat trien nen kinh te tri thiic la mgt tat yeu, ngay nay tat ca cae quoe gia deu chu trgng dau tu dao tao phat trien ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao. He thdng giao due vira la san pham ciia mgt thdi dai kinh te - xa hgi, vira la nhan td quan trgng thiic day su phat trien kinh te va tien bd xa hgi cua mdi qudc gia.
Ddi vdi Viet Nam, de khdng tut hau xa so vdi trinh do ehung cua cac nude tien tien trong khu vuc va tren the gidi, chiing ta phai that sy ed eac chinh sach doi mdi cdng tac dao tao phat trien nguon nhan lyc chat lugng cao. Viec thye hien ddng bd cac giai phap neu tren va sy vao cugc ciia tat
32 ThOng Hn Khoa hgc xa hgi. so 7.20ia ca cac luc lugng se tao ra biic tranh kinh
t l - xa hdi toan dien va dua Viet Nam tien tdi mgt n i n kinh t l tri thiic trong thdi gian khong xa •
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Nguyin Dinh Bdc (2018), Phdt triin ngudn nhdn luc chdt luang cao a nuac ta truac tdc dgng cita cugc cdch mgng cong nghiep ldn thic tu, http://
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