Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
GIAI PHAP PHA HOA BAN DAU TRONG LO CHO KHAU COT DAI THEO PHUtTNG, KHAI THAC VIA DOC THOAI DEN NGHIENG
tai cac mo ham 15 viing Quang Ninh
During the process of the ground pressure control with the total caving method, the Initial caving operation has played an Important role for making a necessary working space and ensuring the labor safety. However, the initial caving operation Is very complicated with high expenses; therefore, It Is an essential work to select a reasonable solution.
ThS. TRAN TUAN NGAN
VIpn Khoa hgc Cdng ngh$ Md - Vinacomin
Hidn nay, de khai thac cdc via than c6 g6c d i e thoai d i n nghidng, cac mo h i m 16 vung Quang Ninh thu'6'ng dp dyng cae sa do cong nghd khai thae cpt ddi theo phLPang, k h i u than bang khoan no mm, d i l u k h i l n da vach bang pha hoa todn p h i n . D i i v6'i cdc via than e6 c h i l u day trung binh, t i l n hdnh khai thac mpt 16'p toan bp c h i l u ddy vfa, tru'6'ng hpp vfa than day, tuy theo d i l u kidn ey t h i , CO t h i dp dyng khai thdc 16 chp try ha tran thu hoi than noc, hoac chia 16'p nghidng, cdc phan 16'P khai thdc deu c6 hg trdn thu hoi than n6c.
Trong vide dieu k h i l n dp lye mo bang pha hoa todn phan, cong tac pha hoa ban dau rat quan trpng, n l u t h y c hidn t i t , da vach sap do tridt 6e se giam tai eho 16 chp", tgo khoang kh6ng gian cdn t h i l t d l Idm vide vd dam bao an todn, ngLPpe Igi, n l u thyc hidn khdng t i t , dp lye 16 chp gia tang, 16 chp phai cung co nhieu, Idm giam san lu'p'ng, nang s u i t lao dpng, hidu qua khai thae vd giam mCpc dp an todn.
Tuy nhidn, phd hoa ban d i u Id mpt e6ng dogn phCpc tgp, ehi phf 16'n, do d6 vide lya chpn
du'pc gidi phdp hpp ly, vCpa dam bao phd hoa tript 6k, d i n g thd-i giam chi phf cong dogn phd hoa Id r i t c i n thilt.
Bdi v i l t nay 6e x u i t mpt s l giai phdp phd hoa ban d i u trong 16 c h g cho cdc tru'6'ng hgp cy t h i , bao gom:
1. TrLKyng hap 16 cha khai thac mot lap het toan bo chieu day via (16 ch<? khau vCra bam vach, VLfa bam tru via).
Cong nghd ndy thu'6'ng dp dyng trong d i l u kipn da vdeh tCp kh6ng I n djnh d i n on djnh, theo tfnh sap d l du-gc x l p logi tCp dd sap do d i n sap do trung binh. Trong d i l u kidn do, cong tdc phd hoa ban d i u 16 chg dLPge dp dyng theo giai phdp phd hoa ban d i u t r u y i n thong, bdt d i u khai thdc 16 chg tCp 16 thLPgng kho-i d i l m c h i n g giu' bang vi c h i n g g l , t i l n gu'ang 16 chg theo phLPang d i n c h i l u dai bLPO'c phd hoa ban d i u theo tfnh todn, tCp d6 t h y c hidn khoan, n l min ddnh sgp da vdeh. TrLPd-ng hgp sau khi phd hoa ban dau md dd vdeh sap d l chLPa tript 6k, phai dp dung cdc bipn phdp b l sung cho d i n khi da vdeh phfa sau 16 chg sap d l hodn todn.
2. L6 cha khai thac khau lap
trij ha tran ho$c chia lap nghieng, cac lap deu ha tran.
C6ng nghd nay thu'6'ng ap dyng trong d i l u kidn da vach tCp khong I n djnh d i n I n djnh. Tuy tCpng d i l u kidn cy t h i , c6 t h i dp dyng cdc giai phdp phd hoa ban d i u nhLP sau:
- Giai phap t r u y i n t h i n g , Ap dyng cho cdc tru'6'ng hgp da vdeh tryc t i l p la set k i t , bpt k i t thupc logi I n djnh trung binh d i n on djnh.
Theo giai phdp ndy, dau tidn se mo" 16 chp bdm vdeh d l thyc hidn phd hoa ban dau tu'ang t y nhu' d i i vo'i tru'6'ng hgp 16 chg khai thae todn bp chieu ddy via da mo ta a trdn. Sau khi pha hoa ban dau xong se ddnh sap 16 chp vach, mo" 16 chg bam try.
TrLP6'ng hgp c h i l u day vfa (hogc 16'P) nho han 4,5m, 16 c h g 16'P try du'ge mo' tru'O'c 16 c h g vdeh tCp 2,5 ^ 3,0m (hinh 1). Tru'6'ng hgp c h i l u ddy via trdn 4,5m, 16 chg 16'p try e6 t h i mo' trong pham vi khong gian da du'ge phd hoa ban dau (hinh 2).
LU'U y: ndn t h i l t lap 16 chg try xong trLPac khi phd hoa ban dau, t h y c hidn phd try va trdn than phfa sau 16 chg 6k dtpa 16
irnrMivi cA i - j / ^ n i l * risrKT HAM I.O
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
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Hinh 1. Phd hda ban diu trong tru^dmg hgp chiiu ddy vfa (ho^c l&p) dip&l 4,5m
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Hinh 3. Phd hda ban diiu bing cdch phd n6 cit vdeh & Id thwgmg vdeh chg vdo khai thdc thy6'ng ky.
Phd hoa ban diu bing cdch ddo 16 thygng bdm vdeh, thyc hipn khoan, n l min cat vach, kit hgp bin dai try than giCpa thygng khai dilm 16 chg tm vd 16 thygng vdeh: Ap dyng trong cdc dilu kien vach tryc tilp thupc logi khong I n djnh, dd sgp d l (hinh 3).
Tryo'c tien ma 16 thygng bdm vdeh, cdch sau thygng
kho-i dilm eua 16 chg try khoang 5m theo phyang, 6k tCp do thyc hidn khoan, n l min cit vdeh, nhLP sau:
+ Chia 16 thygng vdeh thdnh tCpng dogn 8 + 10m (thdm chf
15 din 20m) theo chilu die, thyc hidn khoan n l min cat vdeh, lln lygt tCpng dogn tCp trdn xulng dyo'i cua thygng.
+ Sau khi thyc hidn khoan n l min cat vdeh, tiln hdnh ban
dai try than giu-a thygng khai dilm 16 chg vd 16 thu-gng vdeh theo tCpng dogn tCp dyai Idn theo chilu die 16 thu-gng, chilu ddi mii dogn tCp 6+10m d l dya 16 chg vdo khai thacthyang ky.
Lyu y: Thiet lap 16 chg try xong trLPac khi mo' 16 thygng vdeh vd khoan n l min eat vdeh 6' 16 thygng bdm vdeh xong mo'i phd try than phfa sau 16 chg, tuy nhidn, tuy theo dilu
KHCNM SO 12/2011* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo
Hinh 4. Phd hda ban dau bang cdch ban tru than giira cdc Clip phia sau Id chgr
kidn dd vdeh vd v6'i via thoai e6 try than giO'a cdc cup: Ap dung t h i thyc hidn n i l tilp tCpng dogn
vide eat vdeh vd phd try than phfa sau 16 chg.
Phd hoa ban ddu bang each ddo cup, sau d6 ban phd
trong ede dieu kipn dd vdeh kh6ng on djnh, e6 vdeh gia Id set kit hogc set than ddy, vj tri 16 chg phd hoa ban d i u gdn dLPt gdy, hogc dp dyng d l dilu
khiln t r i n than dLPa 16 chg phdn 16'P try v l khiu thu'O'ng ky khi phan 16'p vach da khai thdc, hogc dp dyng trong cae 16 chg khai thdc chia 16'p ngang nghidng. Tru'O'c tidn, tCp 16 thygng kho-i dilm bam try, each 6 -^ 8 m mo" ede cup xuydn via, xidn cheo ve phia sau 16 chg, Idn vdeh via, tCp d6 khoan Idn vdeh 6k no min eat vdeh, dong thd-i phd 16'p than vdeh (hinh 4).
C6ng tde khoan, no min dLPgc thyc hidn trdn tCpng dogn 16 chg theo trinh ty tu'ang Cpng tCp 1 d i n 2 cup tCp chdn Idn dau, sau d6 phd dai try than phfa sau 16 chg vd eung du'ge thyc hidn theo tCpng dogn 6 -^ 10 m, tCp dLPai Idn theo chilu d i e 16 thLpgng.
Mpt s l lu'u y: Thilt lap 16 chg try trLP6'c khi mo' cup, cat vdeh, sau do mai phd dai try than phfa sau 16 chg 6k dLPa 16 chg ve khiu thu'6'ng ky.
Ket luan.
Cdc giai phdp trdn ddy da dLpgc Tap dodn Cdng nghidp Than Khodng san Viet Nam ban hdnh trong cdc quy trinh, hu'6'ng ddn dp dyng c6ng nghd.
Thyc t l , hau hit cdc mo da lya chpn vd dp dung dLpge cdc giai phdp phd hoa ban dau phu hgp vo'i tCpng dilu kidn cua minh.
Tuy nhidn, vdn edn mpt so 16 chg thyc hidn chu'a tit, nguydn nhdn chfnh Id do chu'a ddnh gid dung dLpgc dilu kidn thyc t l , tCp d6 chLPa lya chpn du'ge giai phdp phd hoa ban dau hgp ly.
Bk ndng eao hidu qua khai thdc, dam bao an todn, can thilt phai quan tam han nCpa d i n edng tdc phd hoa ban dau./.
KHCNM SO 12/2011* CNKT HAM LO
