• N g h i e n cu>u - K y t h u a t
A n h h i r i n g c u a p h i r a n g p h a p c h e t h u y p h i t o i s i r t h a y d d i t h a n h p h a n h o a h o c
c u a v i t h u o c c h u s a - t h a n s a
Dat v a n de
Bao che co truyen von la cac ky thuat che bien cau ky dac biet, duoc chi phdi bdi co sd ly luan cua y hoc co truyen. Ngoai y muon didu khien tdc dung, y hoc co truyen cdn thdng qua cac qua trinh chd bien tdc ddng ddn ban chdt cua thudc. Co sd ly luan cua cac hoc thuyet dm- duang, ngu hdnh, kinh lac, tang tuong, thuy- hoa hay nhung ludn cd vd tu khi, ngu vi, thdng- gidng, phu-trdm, qui kinh... da chi phoi cdc ky thuat bao che co truyen nham bien duoc lieu trd thdnh nhung vi thuoc cd tac dung nhu mong mudn1 1'3 1 dong thdi lam han che hoac lam mat di nhung tac dung khdng mong muon.
Nghien cuu ndy nham tdp trung tim hidu mpt phuong phap bdo chd co truyen (phuong phap thuy phi) vd lam sdng to mpt phdn y nghTa khoa hpc cua phuong phap nay dpi vdi vi thudc chu sa-than sa.
Chu sa-than sa la vi thuoc y hpc co truyen chinh thong cd trong DDTQ (DDTQ 2005). Tai Viet Nam, chu sa-than sa vdn dupe su dung nhidu trong dieu tri, nhung chua dupe dua vdo DOVN. Chu sa-than sa la mpt vi thudc qui cua Y hpc co truyen voi thdnh phan chu yeu Id HgS cP tac dung trdn kinh an than. Da co nhieu nghien cuu cua cac tdc gia trong va ngoai nude dd cap ddn vi thuoc nay'2 , 4'5 1.
Trong nude, cac thdy thuoc y hpc co truyen vd cac luong y danh tidng van su dung chu sa-than sa trong didu tri, nhung cd noi vdn xay ra nhung trudng hpp ngd dpc dang tide do su dung chu sa- than sa khdng dupe chd bien dung cdch.
Chu sa-than sa cung la mpt vi thuoc co vi tri quan trpng trong chd pham vien nang Camat (thuoc hd trp cdt con nghien ma tuy)'21.
Nghidn cuu dupe tidn hdnh nhdm xdc dinh tinh hpp ly cua qui trinh chd bien chu sa-than
Nguyin Thj Minh Tam, Tran Quoc Binh Benh vien YHCT Trung uong sa, tim hieu tdc dpng cua phuong phdp thuy phi tdi su thay doi nhung thdnh phan hda hpc quan trpng cua vi thuoc thong qua vide khao sdt qua trinh lam gidu hoat chat (HgS) vd qud trinh loai di thdnh phdn cd thd gdy dpc, tap chat (cdc mudi thuy ngan hda tan, sat..)
N g u y e n lieu va p h u x y n g p h a p Nguyen lieu
- Mau chu sa-than sa (Trung Quoc) chua chd do Cdng ty Duong Thu cung cap (1kg).
- Nude cdt mpt lan (100 lit).
Hda chat va dung cu
- Acid hydrocloric (TT), acid nitric (TT), acid sulfuric (TT), amoni thiocyanat (TT), kali lodid, bari clorid,...(dat tieu chuan phPng thi nghidm).
- Coi chdy su (cd 500g), mdy hut am, nam cham...
- Cdc dung cu thuy tinh dung trong qud trinh djnh tinh, dinh lupng (coc, binh ndn, binh djnh muc, buret, pipet...)
Phuang phap nghien cuu
Phirang phap che thuy phi theo YHCT Phuong phap chi thuy phi la ky thudt tdn nghien dupe lidu trong nude. Ddy Id phuang phdp che ddc biet, thudng duac su dung vdi cdc dupe lieu cP ban chat khodng vat vd cd ddc tinh cao (hung hodng, chu sa-than sa...), dd bi phdn huy bdi nhidt, tap chat dd tan trong nude.
Muc dich cua phuong phap chi thuy phi:
- Loai bd tap chat, ddc biet Id nhung tap chat cd ddc tinh cao, cd kha ndng tan trong nude (nhu loai A s203 trong che Hung hodng, loai cdc muoi thuy ngdn hda tan... trong chd bidn chu sa - than sa).
- Trdnh dupe tdc ddng cua nhiet dp cd the Idm phdn huy hoat chdt.
- Khdng Idm bay b0t thuoc hay phdn tdn trong khdng khi.
50 TAP CHI DUQC HQC - 5/2011 (SO 421 NAM 51)
• N g h i e n C L P U - K y t h u a t - Lay dupe bpt min tinh khiet.
Chi biin thin sa va ydu ciu vi chit luong Chia deu 1kg chu sa-than sa vao 5 c6i su, nghien moi lan vdi 500ml nude cat, theo chieu ngugc chieu kim dong hp, vdi toe do 30 vPng/phut, trong thdi gian 15 phut. De ling sau mii 5 tiing (c6 thi su dung may ly tam), vdt vang, gan bo nuoc vao bd can. Tong so lin nghiin 90 lin. Lam kiet nude cua chu sa-thin sa bing may hut i m den kho hoan toan, dung nam cham de loai bo nhung kim loai con sot trong qua trinh chi. Thanh phim thu dugc td
1,0 kg nguydn lieu chu sa-than sa ban diu sau chi se la 0,37 kg
Bpt chu sa-thin sa thu dugc la bPt min, mau do tuoi hodc sam, ndng, khdng mui, khdng vi vd phai ddp dng cdc yeu ciu ve chit lugng:
- Dd i m khdng dugc vugt qud 5%
- Djnh tinh bing dung dich HCI 10% de giai phdng thuy ngdn,
- Thu phan dng cua Hg2 + vd S04 2"
- Thu gidi han ion sit: khdng xuit hien - Thd gidi han muoi thuy ngdn hda tan:
Khdng xuit hien
- Djnh lugng HgS: hdm lugng HgS trong mau thu khdng dugc nho hon 98%.
Kiim nghidm dugc tiin hdnh trong suit qud trinh chi vdi nude d 6 thdi diem: liy mdu nguydn lidu diu vao (M1) vd 5 miu tiep theo (M2, M3, M4, M5, M6) sau mdi lin che thdm vdi 20 lit nude .
Khao sdt cdc chi tidu hda hgc qua qud trinh chi biin se cho thiy phuong phdp chi thuy phi y hpc co truyen se tdc dpng nhu thi ndo tdi su thay doi nhung thdnh phin cua nhung nhdm chit cd trong mau nghidn cuu. Nhung chi tidu chinh dupe quan tdm la nhung muoi thuy ngdn hda tan (thanh phin cd dpc), sit... cin phai dupe loai va hdm lupng HgS phai tdng qua qud trinh chi bien.
Thipc n g h i e m va ket qua Djnh tinh
Dinh tinh sw cd mdt cua ion Hg** va ion S04 2' HPa tan khoang 2g bpt chu sa-thin sa trong 2ml hdn hpp HCI-HN03(3:1), roi cd den khd. HPa tan cdn vdo 2 ml nude vd Ipc.
- Thu Hg2 +: them thuoc thu kali iodid din trung tinh (thu bing giiy quy van ndng), tua mdu do tuoi xuit hidn, tua tan khi cho thua thuic thu.
- Thu S04
2": Them thuoc thu BaCI2, tua tring xuit hidn, tua ndy khdng tan trong acid hydrocloric vd acid nitric.
Thw gi&i han ion sit Dun sdi 1g bpt chu sa- thin sa vdi 20 ml HCI 10% trong 10 phut, de ngupi, Ipc vao binh dinh mdc 250ml, trung tinh hoa bing dung dich NaOH 5M (diing giiy qui), pha lodng bing nude den vach. Liy 10ml dung dich ndy them 1 ml HC110%, them 1ml NH4SCN dung djch khong dupe cP mau hdng.
Thw gidi han mudi thuy ngan hoa tan: Hoa tan 1g chi phim trong 10ml nude cit, lie manh trong 15 phut. Lpc vd de ydn. Liy 5 ml dich Ipc, thdm 1ml dung dich NaOH khdng thiy xuit hidn tua vdng.
Bang 1: Kit qua dinh tinh chu sa - thin sa stt Mau
thu
DT ion Hg2*
DT ion S04
2'
Gi&i han ion
sat
Gi&i han muoi thuy ngan
hda tan 1 Mau 1
(chira che) + + + + + + + + + + + + 2 Miu 2
(20 lit) + + + + + + + + + + 3 Mau 3
(40 lit) + + + + + + + 4 Miu 4
(60 lit) + + + + + - - 5 Mau 5
(80 lit) + + + - -
6 Mau 6
(100 lit) + + + - -
Cd the thiy su cd mdt cua nhung thdnh phin cin phai loai bd (tap chit) dupe giam din vd hit hin d mdu thu 4 (M4) trd di trong qud trinh chi bien.
Djnh lugng HgS todn phin
Cdn chinh xdc khoang 0,3g bdt chu sa-thin sa che cho vdo binh ndn, thdm 10ml H2S04 ddc vd 1,5g KMN04 vua dun vua lie din khi tan hodn todn. Oe ngupi. Thdm 50 ml nude cit, Ipc, thdm dung dich KMn041% den khi dung dich co mdu hong (vua thdm, vUa lie). Sau dp thdm tung gipt dung dich FeS04 2% den khi mit mdu hong. Thdm 2 ml dung dich FeNH4(S04)2 1% vd chuin dp bdng dung dich NH4SCN 0,1M tdi khi dung dich co mdu hong.
Kit qua dupe tinh theo cdng thuc:
C% =
FxKx"'63x100
m(\-a)
TAP CHI DUQC HQC - 5/2011 (SO 421 NAM 51) 51
• N g h i e n c i m - K y t h u a t Trong dd:
V: la the tich dung dich NH4SCN 0,1 M da diing (ml) K: la he so higu chinh nong d6 NhUSCN 0,1 M (K= 0,9) m: khoi lugng miu dem djnh lugng
a: dp am ciia miu thir (a = 5%)
1ml dung djch NH4SCN 0,1M tuang irng vai 11,63 HgS
Bang 2: Ham luvng HgS toan phan trong cac m§u thu
stt Miu thu m (gam) V(ml) C%
1 Miu 1 (chira che) 294,3 4,3 16,1 2 Mau 2 (20 lit) 295,6 10,6 39,51 3 Mau 3 (40 lit) 297,3 16,5 61,15 4 Mau 4 (60 lit) 296,0 21,5 80,03 5 Mau 5 (80 lit) 291,5 24,1 91,09 6 Miu 6 (100 lit) 294,8 26,6 99,41
Do thj bieu diin moi lien quan giua ham luong HgS toan phin vdi qua trinh che bien:
! 0
Maul Mau 2 Mau 3 Mau 4 Mau S Man 6 Hinh 1: Dd thi biiu diin mdi lidn quan giua
ham luong HgS todn phin vd qud trinh chi biin Kit qua nghien ciru cho thiy, qua trinh che vdi nude dd lam tang din dang ke ham lugng HgS tu 16,1% len 99,41% (Dugc dien Trung Quoc qui djnh ham lugng HgS phai khdng dudi 98%).
Ket luan
Tu nhung kit qua thu dugc, cho thiy phuong phap thiiy phi dd lam thay doi thdnh phan ciia nhung nhdm chit trong miu nghidn cuu. Thdng qua qud trinh che bien, cdc thdnh phin cd ddc (muoi thiiy ngdn hda tan, sit...) dd dugc loai bo
hodn todn vd thdnh phin quan trong cd tdc dung dieu trj (HgS) dd dugc Idm gidu ldn m0t cdch ddng ke. Nghidn cuu dd Idm sdng td y nghTa khoa hpc cua mdt phuong phdp bao che co truyin (phuong phdp thuy phi). Kit qua nghidn cuu cd the dugc ung dgng d cdc co sd san xuit thuoc YHCT cd dung chu sa-than sa.
S u m m a r y
Reseach was earned out on TRM processing of cinnabaris cmde drug to obtain the processed cinnabaris fulfilling the requirements of therapy, dispensing and making preparations, thus assuring the efficacy and safety of the dmg. Cinnabaris processed by water showed that the chemical composition of cinnabaris was changed to reach the quality standard of cinnabaris powder (according to the pharmacopoecia of the P.R. of China 2005). It content not less than 98 percent of mercuric sulfide (HgS) and should not yield the reactions characteristic of mercuric salts. These are the two main quality requirements proving that cinnabaris has quality assurance for efficacy and safety.
Keywords: water-grind, cinnabaris.
Tai lieu t h a m k h a o
1. Chu Quoc Trudng, Trin Vdn Hiin, Nguyen Thj Minh Tdm, Nghien cuu bdo che 50 vj thuoc YHCT thiet yeu, NXB Ha Npi, 2004.
2. Chu Quoc Trudng, Nguyen Thj Minh Tdm, Tran Van Hien, Nguyen Xuan Giao, Kieu Dinh Khoan, Tran Minh Hieu, Nghien cdu ddnh gid tinh an todn vd hieu luc ho trg cit can nghidn ma tuy (nhom opiates) ciia bdi thuoc y hpc co truyen CAMAT(BSA 52) giai doan 2 va 3. KHCN-DTDL 2002/2009, Ha Npi 2005.
3. Hui Cao, Xiao Tao Wang, Chinese Herbal Medicinine, Issue 1 sept 1998.
4. Liang AH, Shang MF, General situation of the study on the toxicity of Cinnabaris, Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2005 Feb; 30(4):249-52.
5. Liang A, Li C, Liu T, Zhao Y, Cao C, Xun B, Wang J, Study on embryo toxicity of Cinnabaris, Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2009 Nov; 34(21): 2794-8.
D i n h c h i n h
Do sa xuit trong trong cong tac chi ban, Tap chi Dugc hpc s i 3-2011 vd so 10-2010 c6 sai sdt:
T$p chi Dirge hpc, so 3-2011, trang 1, phan Myc lyc, bdi bdo: "Gidi thieu mo hinh nghidn cdu hdnh vi tinh dye d chupt cong thuc nghiem" cua cdc tdc gia: Duang Thj Ly Hirang, Nguyen Trin Giang Huang, Trin Due Phin, (trang 5), thda cdc chd "mdu todn phan";
Tap chi Dirge hpc, si 10-2010, trang 1, phin Myc lyc, bdi bao: Nghien cuu dng dyng ky thu$t dien di mao quan viing trong phan tich khdng sinh nhdm cephalosporin cua tac gia: Nguyen Vdn Yen, Nguyen Thj Thanh Phirang, (trang 44), thda tdc gia Tran Td An.
Ban Bien tap thanh th#t mong dirge cdc tdc gia vd ban dpc thd loi!
Ban Bien tap
