nifc tiin - Kinh nghi$m
Thuc hien Nghj quyet cua Quoc hoi ve van de dat dai
O LE THANH KHUYEN Phd Tdng cue trudng Tdng cue Quan ly da't dai
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ham dua cdng tac quan ly dat dai ngay cing di vao nen ndp, Qudc hpi da ban hanh mdt so nghj quydt nhu Nghj quyet sd 17/2011/QH13 ve QHSDD ddn nim 2020.
KHSDD 5 nam (2011 - 2015) cap qudc gia; Nghj quydt sd 30/2012/QH13 ve chit van va tri Idi chat van, trong dd yeu cau het nam 2013 phai can ban hoin thanh edng tie cap GCN QSDD lan dau; Nghi quydt sd 39/2012/
QH13 tidp tuc ning eao hieu Iyc, hieu qua thuc hien ehinh saeh, phap luat trong giai quyet khieu nai, td cao cua cdng din ddi vdi eac quydt djnh hanh ehinh ve dat dai; Nghj quydt sd 539/NQ-UBTVQH13 ve ket qua giam sat viec thuc hien ehinh sich phap luit vd dat d, dit san xuat cho ddng bao dan tdc thidu so. Vdi chuc nang, nhiem vu duae giao, Bd TN&MT da thuc hien nghiem tuc cac nghi quyet cua Qudc hpi va dat dupe nhidu ket qua tich cue.
Cong tac quy h o a c h , ke hoach sur dung da't
Thdi gian qua, Bp TN&MT, Tong cue Quan ly dat dai ludn dat nhiem vu trpng tam thye hien cdng tac Q H , KHSDD theo Nghi quyet cOa Qud'c hpi. Ve chi tieu SDD ndng nghiep, dien tfch da't ndng nghiep cOa ca nudc den nam 2015 la 26.550.000 ha, ket qua thyc hien den het nam 2013 la hOn 26
trieu ha. N h u vay, trong 3 nSm (2011 - 2013), chi tieu S D D ndng nghiep bao dam chi tieu Qud'c hdi duyet; trong 2 nam (2014 va 2015), dien tich da't ndng nghiep dupc phep c h u y i n muc dfch sCf dung la hdn 34.000 ha.
Chi tieu SDO phi ndng nghiep, dien tieh da't phi ndng nghiep cOa ca nude den nam 2015 ia gan 4.500.000 ha, trong dd ed cae chi tieu da't danh cho giao dye, tdn giao tin ngudng, phat trien van hda, y te, the dye the thao, qud'c phdng, an ninh; ket qua thuc hien den het nam 2013 la hdn 3.800.000 ha, dat 86,34% so vdi chi tieu Qud'c hdi giao.
Tren ep sd cac chi tieu do Qud'c hdi giao, Bd T N & M T da tham muu trinh Chinh phO phe duyet Q H , KHSDD ciia cae tinh, thanh phd, den nay eae ehi tieu da't phi ndng nghiep dupc thuc hien bao dam theo yeu cau cOa Qude hdi de ra, trong dd cd cac chi tieu SDD neu tren. Dd'i vdi dien tieh da't chua su" dung dupc dua vao cho cae mue dfch trong ba nam 2011, 2012 va 2013 la 424.895 ha, dat 39,82% so vdi chi tieu K H S D D den nam 2015.
Qua ket qua tong hop tU cac dja phUdng cho tha'y, nhu cau S D D cho eae nganh, ITnh vUc trong phUdng an Q H , KHSDD khdng dap Ung day dCi cho phUdng hudng, myc tieu phat t r i l n KT-XH cOa trung uong va dia phuong;
trong K H S D D thie'u cdng trinh, dy an cOa cae nganh, ITnh vUc; quy md, vj tri, ke hoach SDO cOa mot so edng trinh, dU an dUdc d y b^o thieu chi'nh xac, khdng phu hpp vdi nhu cau S D D eOa nganh. ffnh vUc, dja phuong.
Nham tang cudng hieu luc, hieu qua quan ly nha nudc cung nhu khai thac tdt tiem nang dat dai phue vy cho cac mue tieu phat t r i l n KT-XH, qud'c phdng, an ninh, Bd TN&MT, Tong cyc Quan ly dat dai t i l p tyc hudng dan cac dia phuong ra soat, cap nhat QH, K H S D D theo hudng sCf dung tot nguon luc da't dai, phue vu phat trien KT-XH; lap KHSDD hang nam cap huyen theo quy djnh cCia Luat Dat dai va cac nghj dinh hudng dan thi hanh. Ben canh dd, hoan tat cdng tae ehuan bj d l thuc hien viec dieu chinh QHSDD den nam 2020 va lap KHSDD 05 nam (2016-2020) cap qud'c gia. Thanh tra, kiem tra cd trpng tam, trpng diem viec chap hanh phap luat dat dai, Q H , KHSDD, cdng tac giao da't, eho thue da't, c h u y i n muc dich S D D cua cac dia phUdng.
Hoan thanh cap giay chCmg nhan quyen sur dung dat
D e hoan thanh cdng tac cap G C N Q S D D lan dau trong nSm 2013, Chinh phCi, Bd TN&MT da tap trung chi dao, theo sat tien trinh cap G C N , c d giai phap kjp thdi thao g d vudng mac cho dja phuong. Den het nSm 2013, e^c
2 0 Tdi n g u y e n v d M o i t r u d n g | Kyi-Thang 11/2014
dja phuang da cd ban hoan thanh muc tieu (dat tren 85%) eap GCN.
Ca nude da cap dupc 41,6 trieu giay vdi tong dien tich 22,9 trieu ha, dat 94,8% dien tieh cac loai da't dang sif dyng phai cap GCN (dien tfch can cap); trong dd, 5 loai dat chi'nh cOa ca nudc da ea'p dupc 40,7 trieu giay vdi tong dien tfch 22,3 trieu ha, dat 94,6% dien tich sO dung can cap va dat 96,7%
tong sd trudng hdp SDD du dieu kien cap giay. Sau khi hoan thanh CO ban viec cap GCN, Bd se tham muu cho Chinh phO chi dao chuan bj eac dieu kien d l xay dung eo sd dif lieu da't dai cCia cae dja phUdng va toan qud'c, dUa vao khai thac, quan ly mdt each bai ban hdn.
Cd the ndi, viee cap GCN vlin cdn nhieu vudng mac, tinh trang can bd cham tre trong viec giai quyet thCi tyc, gay phien ha, nhung nhilu cho ngudi dan de tryc Ipi cdn xay ra d mdt sd ndi, song tinh trang nay la khdng nhieu. Ben eanh dd, cung cd nhieu trudng hpp cham la do khach quan nhU thieu can bp, trong khi sd lupng ho so can phai glai quye't qua Idn; phan nhieu cac trudng hpp tdn dpng cd ngudn gdc SDO phUe tap, hoSc cd tranh chap... khien viec xem xet gial quyet keo dai. Mat khae, viec cap GCN trudc day cdn sO' dung tai lieu do dac tam thdi cd dp chinh xac thap, vi vay dja phuong phai t l chifc do dac lai va cap doi ddng loat GCN cho ngudl dan, nen khdi lupng cdng viec Idn, ddi hdi nhilu kinh phi, nhan luc trong khi dieu kien hien nay cdn khd khSn.
D4 khae phuc nhCmg tdn tai, han ehe neu tren, cae dja phUdng chua hoan thanh viee cap GCN can tiep tue chi dao quye't liet, thyc hien cac giai phap theo Chi thi so 1474/CT-TTg va Chi thj sd 05/CT- TTg cho den khi hoan thanh mue tieu, ehu trpng ra soat, thdng ke cac trudng hpp tdn dpng; giao chi
tieu cap GCN gan vdi viee bd tri kinh phi cho tCmg huyen, xa; cai each thO tuc cap GCN; day manh kilm tra, ehi dao. Tang cudng dau tu kinh phi, trudc het la cdng tac do dac lap, chinh ly ban dd dja chinh, xay dyng hd so dia chinh va cd sd du lieu dat dai, uu tien tnJde het cho cac xa, huyen cd sd lupng chua cap GCN lan dau, cac xa da ddn dien, doi thCfa, cac xa da sCf dyng eae tu lieu cd dp chi'nh xac ehua cao d l ea'p mdi, ea'p doi, cap lai GCN. Cac tinh khd khan chua can ddi dO ngan saeh can dupc tiep tue hd trd kinh phi tU ngan sach trung uong di hoan thanh mye tieu cap GCN theo ban do dia ehinh va xay dung co sd du" lieu theo yeu cau tai Chi thi sd 1474/CT-TTg. Dong thdi, thyc hien ddng bd, cd hieu qua eae bien phap quan ly bien ddng dat dai;
ehii trpng cac giai phap kilm tra, xif phat hanh ehinh cac tnidng hpp bien ddng khdng lam thij tuc theo quy (^nh.
Thanh tra, kiem tra, giai quyet khieu nai, to'cao
Luat Oat dai nam 2013 (LDD) da quy dinh md rdng tha'm quyen cOa TAND v l viec gial quyet cac tranh chap ve da't dai nhu: Md rdng tham quyln giai quye't tranh cha'p ciia TAND dd'i vdi trudng hpp dUdng su khdng cd giay td ve QSDO (khoan 2 Dieu 203); quy djnh viec glai quyet khieu nai, quyet ^nh hanh chi'nh, hanh vi hanh chi'nh ve da't dai thyc hien theo quy dinh ciia phap Iuat khieu nai; viec glal quyet to cao vi pham phap luat trong quan ly va SDD thyc hien theo quy i^nh eOa phap luat ve td cao (Dieu 204 va Oilu 205 LOO). Ben eanh dd, thue hien Luat Tiep cdng dan ed hieu lye ngay 01/7/2014. Bd TN&MT da bo tri lanh dao Bd, lanh dao cae ddn vj lien quan to chifc tiep cdng dan mdt thang mpt lan. Mdi day, Bd
Trudng Bd TN&MT Nguyen Minh Quang da tie'p cdng dan tai tm sd tiep dan cOa Bd.
Trong 3 nam (tif nam 2011 den het nam 2013), Bd da thanh lap 8 doan thanh tra, kilm tra thye hien Chi thj sd 134/CT-TTg tai Ha Npi, TR Hd Chi Minh, Hai Phdng, Da Nang, Kien Giang, Quang Ninh, Khanh Hoa va Binh Dudng. Ngoai ra, da thanh lap 11 doan kiem tra d l kilm tra, ddn dd'c thyc hien Chi thj sd 134 tai 44 tinh, thanh phd trUc thudc trung Udng. Tfnh den ngay het nam 2013, cd 8.909 to chife vi pham v6i dien tieh 137.651 ha. Cac tinh, thanh pho da xCf ly 5.182/8.909 to chO'c (dat 62,60%) vdi dien tfch dat 114.177/137.651 ha (dat 82,90%).
Ket qua thanh tra dien rdng trong quan ly, SDO cOa cae ndng, lam trudng tren pham vl ca nudc cho thay, trong tong sd 79 ndng, lam trudng ed 23 don vj cd hanh vi chuyen muc dich trai phep; 31 ddn vj ed vl pham khi thyc hien ehuyen doi, chuyin nhUdng, the chap, bao lanh, gdp vd'n bang QSDO, lien doanh, lien ket trong SDD; 22 ddn vi cho thue lai QSDO trai phap luat; 55 ddn vj da bj la'n, chiem dat;
3 ddn VI lan chiem dat cOa hd gia dinh. ca nhan; 49 ddn vj chua thuc hien nghTa vy tai chi'nh va 31 ddn vj giao khoan da't san xua't khdng dOng quy dinh.
Di thuc hien tdt chinh saeh, phap luat, nang cao hieu lUe, hieu qua trong viec ban hanh, thyc hien cac quyet djnh hanh chinh va giai quyet khieu nai, td eao eOa edng dan cau tap trung thuc hien mdt so gial phap:
Ban hanh cac van ban hudng din thi hanh LDD va cac luat khac cd lien quan mot each day dO, kjp thdi, bao dam tinh thdng nha't, dong bd, rd rang, cy the, d l hieu, de thue hien, Hoan thien he thd'ng Tdi nguyen vd Mdi trudng | Kyi-Thang 11/2014 2 1
dieu tra, danh gia tai nguyen da't, sd lupng, cha't lupng, tiem nang va mdi trudng dat, bao dam cung cap day du thdng tin, tu lieu, dtf lieu v l dat dai phuc vy cho viee hoach dinh ehinh saeh va ban hanh quyet djnh cua cd quan nha nUde trong viee quan ly va SDD.
ThO trudng cac cd quan hanh chinh nha nude theo tha'm quyen chO ddng xem xet timg vu viec tranh chap, khieu nai, to eao ve da't dai trong pham vi quan ly de giai quyet kjp thdi, dirt diem, edng bd edng khai ke't qua giai quyet, khdng d l khieu kien vupt cap, diln bie'n phUe tap, khieu kien ddng ngudl; chju trach nhiem v l viec glal quyet tranh chap, khieu nai, tdeao.
Nang cao vai trd eOa TAND cac cap trong viee gial quyet eae khieu kien dd'i vdi cac quyet dinh hanh ehinh ve dat dai.
Thyc hien nghiem ehe dp tiep dan, kien toan v l to chCfe va nang cao trach nhiem eCia cac cd quan tiep dan tU trung Udng de'n 6\a phUdng. Bd tri can bd ed nang luc, dao dUe lam cdng tac quan ly nha nude ve dat dai, glal quye't khieu nai, td cao, nhat la ca'p huyen va ea'p cd sd. Chu trpng cdng tae hda giai tai ed sd; lanh dao cac cap ehO dpng, lam tdt cdng tac ddi thoai true tiep vdi ngudi khieu nai, td eao bao dam quyen va lpi I'eh hpp phap cua cae t l chUe, ca nhan. Tang cudng pho bien, giao due phap luat, trp giup phap ly trong viee giai quyet khieu nai, td eao. XO" ly kien quyet, nghiem minh dd'i vdi cac trudng hpp lpi dyng quyen khieu nai, td eao de kfch ddng, gay rdi, lam mat trat tu an toan xa hdi.
Cd quan, ngudi cd tham quyen ban hanh quyet djnh hanh ehfnh ve dat dai phai chju trach nhiem ve tfnh dung dan cOa quye't djnh ban hanh; ed trach nhiem ddn dd'c, kilm tra de xCf ly kjp thdi
nhifng van de phat sinh trong qua trinh thyc hien eae quyet djnh hanh ehfnh. Kien quyet xCf ly can bd thieu trach nhiem trong gial quyet khieu nai, td cao, Ipi dung ehUe vu, quyen han de tham nhung. Ap dyng cdng nghe thdng tin trong viec tiep nhan, thy ly, giai quyet tranh chap, khieu nai, td cao cOa cdng dan, bao dam eung ca'p day dO thdng tin cho cac cd quan cd tham quyln ve qua trinh xem xet, xO ly, gial quyet, tranh tinh trang ehong cheo, triing lap, mdt vy viee nhung nhieu cd quan hanh chinh, Tda an cimg ddng thdi giai quye't.
Khdng 6i xay ra viec cap cd thim quyen da xCf ly dung phap luat nhung ed quan khac lai cd y kien lam vu viee phCfetap, keo dai.
Phat huy vai trd eOa Mat tran Td' qud'e Viet Nam va eac to chCfc thanh vien cOa Mat tran, cd quan thdng tan bao chi dd'i vdi viec giai quyet khieu nai, td eao cOa cdng dan.
Thifc hien chinh sach, phap luat ve dat b, dat san xuat cho dong bao dan toe thieu so'theo
Chinh sach da't dai ddng vai trd quan trpng de glai quyet cac van de ngheo ddi va bat I n xa hdi cho ddng bao dan tdc thilu sd (DTTS). ChO trUdng hd trp da't b, dat san xuat va on dinh sinh ke eho dong bao tren dja ban ca nudc dupc t h i hien trong Nghi quyet sd 22/NQ-TW ngay 27/11/1989, Nghj quye't sd24/NQ- TW ngay 21/1/2003. Cac chu truong, ehinh sach, chuong trinh da gdp phan on djnh cudc sdng, on dmh chinh tri, trat ty an toan xa hdi, va xda ddi giam ngheo cho cac nhdm DTTS. Ty le ngheo trong nhdm DTTS da giam tU 86,4% nam 1993 xudng 50,3%
nam 2008. Tuy nhien, viec thuc hien cae ehUdng trinh va chinh
sach edn ban che, chua dat eac muc tieu de ra.
Trdn cd s6 ehCfe nang, nhiem vu, Bd TN&MT da ra soat, nghien cifu nhCmg ndi dung lien quan tmt tie'p den da't d, dit san xuat cho ddng bao DTTS de quy djnh trong Luat Dat dai nSm 2013, nhu: Nha nUdc cd chfnh sach v l dat d, dat sinh boat cdng dong cho ddng bao phu hpp vdi phong tue, tap quan, ban sac vSn hda va dieu kien thut te eOa tCfng vung; ed chinh sach tao dilu kien eho ddng bao true tiep san xua't ndng nghiep d ndng thdn cd dat de san xuat ndng nghiep (Dieu 27); cdng ddng dan cu dupe Nha nude giao dat, edng nhan QSDD de bao tdn ban sac dan tde gan vdi phong tuc, tap quan cOa cac dan toe (dilm a khoan 3 Oieu 131); ed chinh sach Uu tien giao dat, cho thue dat dd'i vdi hd gia dinh, ea nhan la DTTS khdng cd, da't hoac thieu da't san xuat d dja phuong trong qua trinh thue hien sap xep, doi mdi va phat triln, nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng, cac cdng ty ndng, lam nghiep dang SDD (khoan 2 Dieu 133; Dieu 46 Nghj dinh so 43/2014/ND-CP); cd ehinh sach bao ve da't san xuat cOa dong bao dan tdc: Hd gia dinh, ca nhan la DTTS SDO do Nha nUdc giao da't theo chinh sach hd trp eCia Nha nudc thi dupe ehuyin nhupng, tang eho SDD sau 10 nam, ke ttf ngay cd quyet dmh giao da't theo quy djnh eOa Chinh phO (khoan 3 Dieu 192).
Nhung quy 6\nh ve da't d, da't san xua't cho dong bao DTTS trong LDD se la cdng cu ho trp ve chO tafdng, chi'nh sach cOa Nha nudc doi vdi dong bao DTTS, giup ddng bao ed cudc sdng on dinh, SDD hieu qua, dung mue dich va nang cao chat luong cudc sd'ng • 2 2 Tdi nguyen vd Mdi truong | Ky 1-Thang 11/2014
