33(1): 80-85 Tap chf SINH HOC 3-2011
N G H I E N c t r u K H A N A N G T A O C A L L U S VA T A I S I N H C A Y
Tir MOT S 6 GI6NG LUA NUONG VIET NAM VA NHAP NOI
P H U C v u C H O C O N G T A C C H U Y E N G I E N
An ninh Iflomg thuc da tiing dupc giai quylt nhd su tiln bd teong cdng tac chpn tao cac gidng cdy trdng cd uu the vl nang sudt, ehdt lupng cung nhu ky thudt canh tac hifn dai. Tuy nhifn, do anh hudng cua hifn tupng biln ddi khf hdu (qua trinh dm lln toan cdu) va cac hifn tupng thdi tilt bdt Ipi khac nhu ban han, lu lut, bang gia xudt hiin thudng xuyen hom, khdng cd quy ludt hdn [5]. Vi vdy an ninh luang thuc lai ted thanh vdn dl thdi su cua nhilu qude gia teen t h i gidi, teong dd cd nudc ta vdi cdy ludng thuc chfnh la cdy lua va cac vung tedng lua dang bi dp luc ndng n l cua hifn tupng biln ddi khf hdu dac bift la ban han. Di iing phd vdi hifn teang teln vile nghiln cflu chpn va tao cdc gidng cdy luomg thuc cd kha ndng chd'ng chiu diiu kifn thdi tilt bdt Ipi bang ky thudt sinh hpe hien dai, ddc bilt la cdng nghf chuyln gien thuc vdt dang thu hut dupc su quan tdm cua nhilu phdng thf nghiem teen t h i gidi [4].
Tai cdc dia phuomg miln nui phfa Bdc Vift Nam, cac gid'ng Ma dupc gieo tedng tefn cac thfla mdng bdc thang vdi chi dd nudc tudi han chi phdn ldn la cac gid'ng lua nudng dia phuomg.
Cdc gidng Ifla nUdng nay phdn ldn la cac gidng Ifla cd tilm ndng chiu ban cao, nhung thudng cd nang sudt thdp. De cd thi sfl dung ngudn gien quy nay vao cdng tac chpn gidng lua chiu han thi mpt vile cdn lam la chuyln cac gien quy cd kha nang tang ndng sudt vao cac gidng Ifla nudng dia phuong hoac phdn ldp, chuyln cac gien quy dinh tinh chiu ban sang cdc gidng cd tilm ndng nang sudt hay phdm ehdt tdt. Vi vdy, vifc hoan thifn cdc quy trinh nudi cdy in vitro cua cac gid'ng lua Vift Nam cd kha nang tai sinh cao se rdt cd y nghia giup chung ta chuyln true tilp cdc gien quy vao cac ddi tupng gidng cdy tedng ma khdng cdn cac phep lai sau qua tnnh chuyln gien va tfl dd tang cudng hifu qua teong
CAO L £ QUYEN, PHAM THI VAN, PHAM XUAN HOI Vien Di truyen Ndng nghiep
dinh hudng chuyln gien thuc vdt. Trong nghiln cflm nay, chiing tdi tilp tue tiln hanh khao sat tilm ndng tai sinh cua tdp doan 46 gidng cua Vifn Khoa hpe Ky thudt Ndng Ldm nghiip miln nui phfa Bac, kit hpp vdi cac nghiln cflu trudc dd teln tdp doan gidng Ifla san xud't dl tiln tdi hoan thifn cdc quy trinh nudi cdy in vitro teen cac gid'ng lua cd kha ndng tai sinh cao phue vu cdng tac chuyln gien thuc vdt [1].
I. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CtJU 1. Vat lieu
Ddi tupng nghien cum la tdp doan 46 gidng Ifla nuang dang dupc tedng chu yeu d cac tinh miln nui phfa Bdc. Cac gidng Ifla nay dupc cung edp bdi Vifn Khoa hpe ky thudt Ndng Ldm nghifp Miln nui phfa Bdc, danh sach gidng cu thi dupc trinh bay d bang 1.
Mdi trudng tao callus: Sfl dung mdi trudng cd ban MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) [3] vdi ndng dd 2,4-D dao ddng tit 1,5 2,5 mgA, ti If mudi MS dao ddng tfl 0,5 - 1,5. Cu thi nhu sau:
MSI: MS + 1,5 mg/1 2,4-D -i- 0,8% aga + 3%
saccharose; MS2: MS + 2 mg/1 2,4-D -I- 0,8%
aga -I- 3% saccharose; MS3: MS + 2,5 mg/1 2,4- D + 0,8% aga + 3% saccharose.
Mdi trudng tdi sinh cdy: Sfl dung mdi trudng MS bd sung BAP, kinetin (0,5; 2 mg/1), casern (0,1 mg/1), cu thi nhu sau: MS4: MS + 2 mg/1 BAP + 0,5 mg/1 kmetm + 0,7% aga + 3%
saccharose; MS5: MS + 2 mg/1 BAP + 0,5 mg/1 kinetin + 0,7% aga + 3% saccharose + 0,1 mg/1 casern; MS6: MS + 0,5 mg/1 BAP -i- 2 mg/1 kinetm + 0,7% aga + 3% saccharose; MS7: MS + 0,5 mg/1 BAP -t- 0,5mg/l kmetm -i- 0,7% aga + 3% saccharose.
Danh sach tap doan cac gidng lua cua Viet Nam dupc khao sat trong nghien cufu Bdng I STT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Ten Gidng DR4
DR5
IR74371-3-1-1 IR74371-54-1 IR78878-5-1-3-3 IR55419-04-AO YUNLU50 LUYIN46 LC93-1
IR78878-5-1-3-1 IR78878-176-B-2-B IR79889-B-179-2-2 IR79913-B-326B IR78875-131-B-1-4 IR79913-B-176-4 Q R A D U l
STT 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Ten Gidng IR554321 LBl-2 LB-2M LP-5M LCV-8M GTNM
IR81430-B-B-94 IR84179-B-403 IR81413-B-B-75-2 IR80416-B-152-4 IR81040-B-87-U2-1 LHY-4
IR79906-B-5-3-3 YUNLU69 YUNLU65
STT 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
Ten Gidng YUNLUIOOA YUNLUIOOB YUNLU103-1B YUNLU106 YUNLU103-2B YUNLU103-2 YUNLU105-B YIJNLU104A YUNLU105 YU07H-34789 IR82870-48 YUNLU104-B Nip khau de ddn Niirp khau pf pot LC93-4
2. Phuong phap
Hat Ifla bdc vd dupc xfl ly bdng each rfla nudc cdt 2 ldn, ngdm va lac nhe teong cdn 70%
thdi gian 1 phflt, teong H2O2 15% thdi gian 20 phflt, sau dd rfla bang nudc cdt khfl trung 4-5 ldn. Hat khfl trung dupc dua nudi teln mdi timdng tao callus teong tdi d 28°C. Sau 2 tudn nudi cdy, cdc callus dupc chuyln sang mdi
trudng tdi sinh va nudi teong diiu kifn nhift dd 25°C, dd dm 50-70%, thdi gian chilu sang 16h/ngay d cudng dd 3000 lux.
Vifc ddnh gia kha ndng hinh thdnh callus cua tdp doan gid'ng lua khao sat dupc tiln hanh sau 2 tudn nudi cdy teln mdi trudng tao callus.
Tiifng gid'ng Ifla dupc danh gia dinh lupng theo cac chi tieu sau:
Ty 11 tao callus (%) = X) callus tao thanh
X mdu dua vao X 100%
Vifc danh gia kha ndng tai smh cua tdp doan gidng ichao sat dupc tiln hanh sau 3-4 tudn nudi
cdy teen mdi trudng tai sinh. Tihig gidng lua dupc danh gia dinh lupng theo cdng thflc sau:
T y l i hmh thanh chdi (%)= S hmh thanh chdi ^^QQ%
X callus dua vao Sd lifu dupc xfl ly thd'ng k l theo chuong
trinh Microsoft excel {2].
II. K^T QUA VA THAO LUAN
1. Kha ndng hinh thanh callus cua tap doan 46 gidng lua nuong mien B^c Viet Nam Kit qua tfif nghiim danh gia kha nang t§o callus cua tdp doan gidng lua nuang miln Bdc Vilt Nam teln cac mdi trudng MS dupc tiinh bdy cu thi d bang 2.
Kit qua phdn tfch Anova (bang 3) cho thdy, kha ndng hinh thanh callus bi anh hudng bdi mdi trudng (ndng dd 2,4D) va gidng (ban ehdt di truyin). Thdt vdy, kit qua phdn tfch biln sai cua yl'u td mdi timdng F = 873,4214 ldn hom rdt nhilu ldn F,ri, = 1,7148 chflmg td su sai khac vl ty If tao callus hi anh hudng manh cua yfu td mdi trudng, kha nang tao callus cua cdc gidng Ifla teong cac cdng thflc thf nghifm khac nhau cd y nghia thdng ke (kit qua tao callus trung binh teln mdi trudng MSI cd bd sung 1,5 mg 2,4D la
42,67%, MS2 cd bd sung 2 mg 2,4D la 47,22%
va MS3 cd bd sung 2,5 mg 2,4D la 44,46%). Gia tii F cua yiu td gidng la 257,6157 cung ldn han nhilu ldn gia tri F<.ri, = 5,4013, chflng td ban ehdt di truyin cd anh hudng din vile tao callus cua tihig gidng lua, cd gidng lua cd kha nang tao callus cao (teln 65% - 4 gidng) teai lai cd gidng lua cd kha nang tao Callus kem (thdp hon 10%
2 gidng) va su khac nhau nay la ban ehdt va cd y ngMa thdng kl. Kit qua phdn tfch biln sai gifla
mdi tmdng va gidng ciing cho thdy cd sfl tuong tac ddng thdi cua yiu td mdi tmdng va ban ehdt di tmyin len kha nang hinh thanh callus cua tflng yiu td (F„,.g = 31,4738 > Fen, = 1,5272).
Chflng td vdi tflng gidng Ifla ndng dd 2,4-D cd tac ddng khac nhau lln sfl hinh thanh callus ciia gidng Ifla dd nhdt la vdi cac gidng Ifla cd kha ndng hinh thanh callus cao teln 50% su khac bilt gifla cac cdng thflc thf nghiim rdt ro rlt.
Bdng 2
\ M T
Gionk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Kha nang hinh thanh callus cua tap doan 46 gidng lua nuong MSI
47,50 ±1,25 14,14 ±1,37 27,98 ± 0,54 43,98 ±1,48 45,15 ±1,12 47,65 ± 0,32 30,31 ± 1,80 44,46 ±1,83 45,71 ± 1,23 57,73 ± 0,8 62,46 ±2,13
29,99 ± 0,3 36,28 ±1,17 56,60 ±0,84 54,12 ±0,96 43,50 ±1,83 43,86 ± 2,33 28,22 ±1,00 51,14 ±0,87 78,49 ±1,06 18,51 ± 1,06 26,20 ± 2,26 57,31 ±0,32
MS2 56,66 ±0,83 15,19 ±1,44 26,46 ± 0,4 56,46 ±2,71 57,02 ±0,79 51,26 ±1,07 31,87 ±2,10 71,73 ±2,06 56,21 ± 1,71 52,85 ±2,17 65,55 ± 0,34 32,29 ±1,00 37,60 ± 0,56 54,65 ± 2,08 51,67 ±1,41 41,99 ±0,63 57,89 ±1,17 41,26 ±7,05 56,64 ± 2,92 76,02 ±0,68 21,77 ±2,61 32,21 ± 1,74 53,88 ± 2,43
MS3 51,88 ±2,12 13,53 ±1,04 26,44 ±0,68 51,95 ±1,65 54,17 ±1,90 67,08 ±1,06 28,33 ±1,76 57,62 ±1,85 60,45 ±1,08 51,37 ±1,99 63,57 ±1,41 37,11 ±1,49 35,51 ±0,53 53,59 ±1,31 43,04 ±2,31 46,87 ±1,25 41,53 ±1,33 28,77 ± 2,29 52,39 ±1,04 66,87 ±2,26 14,83 ±2,96 20,42 ± 0,96 48,85 ±0,74
\ M T
Gi6'ng\
24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
MSI 47,39± 1,01 53,03 ± 0,94 84,94 ±1,09 57,13 ±0,97 53,48 ±0,77 24,68 ± 0,68 28,53 ± 1,41 7,19 ± 0,42 6,90 ±0,94 50,99 ±1,22
64,43 ± 0,5 51,24±1,18 49,17 ±0,81 35,40 ±1,31 24,09 ±1,35 22,12 ±1,77 31,06 ±1,91 38,28 ±1,62 47,53 ±2,27 34,20 ±1,81 71,42 ±1,12 33,42 ±1,13 54,88 ±1,11
mien Bac Vilt Nam MS2
46,10 ±3,04 50,05 ±1,16 74,96 ±0,85 63,05 ± 1,09 68,76 ± 0,58 31,93 ±0,80 35,11 ±0,52 8,73 ± 1,08 8,36 ±1,35 53,08 ± 3,29 76,53 ± 2,82 64,20 ±1,82 39,46 ±1,14 44,14 ±1,01 29,96 ± 0,56 27,16 ±1,35 35,01 ±0,65 56,38 ± 0,85 47,66 ± 2,09 37,10 ±1,45 79,61 ± 0,55 37,45 ±1,56 58,20 ±1,10
MS3 58,93 ±0,87 62,70 ±1,55 71,02 ±1,19 48,48 ± 1,23 58,91 ±0,68 25,27 ±1,12 23,12 ±0,97 6,32 ±1,26 6,42 ±1,11 58,68 ±1,00 68,40 ±0,74 54,85 ±2,20 43,36 ±1,07 46,82 ±1,89 33,28 ±1,23 31,90 ±2,09 29,83 ± 1,35 44,99 ±1,59 51,11 ±0,36 45,43 ±0,82 57,99 ±1,55 45,01 ± 1,33 56,16 ±1,00
Bdng 3 KOt quil ph©n tYch Anova hai nh©n te 3 l^n LEp 14 vii m0c y nghUa ( = 0,005
theo ch--'ng texnh Microsoft Excel 2007 kh^l n"ng t'o callus cna 46 gieng Ida Nguan biOn sai
M«i te-eng Gieng
M«i te-eng vp gieng Trong nham
Tdng
SS : 110660,7389 1450,639857 7975,480877
777,081 120863,9406
df 45 2 90 276 413
MS 2459,1275 725,31993 88,616454 2,8155109
F 873,4214 257,6157 31,47438
P-value 4,8 ( 10-272 7,58(10-64 4,6 (10-105
Fcrit 1,7148 5,4013 1,5272
Kit qua chi tilt cho thdy, tdp doan 46 gidng lua nuong tedng chii yiu d miin Bdc Vift Nam diu cd kha ndng hmh thanh callus teen cac mdi timdng MS cd bd sung 2,4D. Trong dd cd 22 gidng cd kha ndng hmh thanh callus teen 50%, teong dd 15 gidng lua cd kha nang tao callus teln 50% teln ca 3 mdi tmdng. Ddc bift cd 4 gidng cd ti If hinh thanh callus cao teln 65% la Nip khau dl ddn (69,67%), YUNLU103-1B (69,79%), gidng LP-5M (73,79%) va IR80416- B-152-4 (76,97%), hiy nhiin ty If tao callus cua tihig gidng vdi tflng cdng thflc thf nghiim lai cd su sai khac rdt ldn (phuomg sai dao ddng tfl 30- 40%). Ddy la bdng chflng cho kit ludn cd su tac ddng qua lai giffa yiu td mdi tmdng va ban ehdt
di timyin iSn su hinh thanh callus cua cac gidng Ifla khac nhau d tefn, diiu nay cd nghia la vdi mdi gidng Ifla cdn cd mdi tmdng tdi uu cho su hinh thanh callus cua chung. Tfl kit qua j^dn tfch anova cho phep nhdn dinh rang cac gidng 20, 26, 34 va 44 la nhflng gidng Ida cd tilm ndng tao callus cao nhdt. Cu thi la vdi 2 gidng 20 va 26 mdi tmdng cd bd sung 1,5 mg 2,4D (mdi tmdng MSI) cho ty If tao callus cao nhdt (78,49% va 84,94%) cdn mdi timdng cd bd sung 2 mg 2,4D ( mdi timdng MS2) la thfch hpp nhdt cho su hinh thanh callus cua gidng lua 34 vd 44 (76,53% va 79,61%).
2. Kha ndng tai sinh tur callus cua t^p doan lua ntfong mien Bac Vilt Nam
Bdng 4 Kit qua khao sat kha nang tai sinh cua 25 gid'ng lua cd kha ndng tao callus td't
\ MT G i d n g \ \
1 4 5 6 8 9 10 14 15 17 19 20 23 24 25 26 27 28 33 34 35 41 42 44 46
MS4 47,29 ±1,08 35,25 ± 1,93 24,66 ±1,06 47,25 ±1,91 44,91 ±1,11 35,70 ±1,83 49,05 ±1,03 25,86 ± 2,06 62,73 ± 2,66 30,65 ± 0,59 42,06 ± 2,88 46,05 ± 2,78 17,27 ± 3,05 48,50 ± 0,96 33,59 ±2,10 34,36 ± 2,12 56,37 ± 0,66 54,62 ± 0,99 33,10 ±1,73 62,50 ±1,76 49,44 ±1,65 36,83 ± 1,60 50,17 ±2,73 56,52 ±1,53 53,03 ± 2,55
MS5 55,37 ± 4,74 45,74 ±1,08 37,04 ±1,00 53,97± 2,37 70,87 ± 0,87 45,97 ±1,89 58,42 ± 0,68 54,18 ±1,88 48,36 ± 2,96 60,03 ±2,10 57,60 ±1,22 67,59 ± 2,13 33,03 ± 0,97 60,01 ± 1,03 47,11 ±0,97 70,36 ±1,50 63,11 ±1,95 70,28 ± 1,32
46,73 ± 1,5 74,07 ± 2,33 65,21 ± 1,94 57,52 ±1,33 54,07 ± 2,61 66,52 ± 2,07 67,59 ±1,56
MS6 44,61 ± 2,42 41,31 ±1,13 22,41 ± 2,39 31,52±2,10 55,83 ±1,88 34,47 ±1,57 47,72 ±1,52 38,08 ± 4,86 36,20 ± 3,24 42,66 ±1,65 43,42 ±1,08 47,14 ±1,90 25,91 ± 4,48 38,48 ±1,38 42,66 ±2,80 58,24 ±1,24 45,81 ± 3,40 57,33 ±1,99 31,03 ±2,53 53,52 ± 2,64 53,57 ± 2,24 43,43 ±1,43 44,66 ± 2,57 47,06 ±1,69 48,02 ± 2,58
MS7.
52,09 ±2,48 51,73 ±1,57 • 31,74 ±0,96 45,12± 1,74 67,41 ±1,59 49,51 ± 1,39 64,25 ± 0;66 56,01 ± 2,92 65,30 ±1,50 66,83 ± 2,08 53,75 ±2,18 62,80 ± 2,08 46,49 ±1,83 51,69 ±1,98 43,39 ± 2,07 67,83 ± 1,70 40,12 ±1,59 48,20 ±2,56 36,10 ±1,92 70,87 ± 0,69 34,57 ±1,44 53,29 ±1,96 65,76 ±1,30 57,60 ±1,48 39,18 ±1,77
TB 49,84 ± 5,04 43,51 ±6,42 28,96 ±6,18 44,47 ± 8,69 59,75 ± 10,74
41,41 ±2,53 54,86 ±7,17 43,53 ±13,18 53,15 ± 12,45 50,05 ± 14,95 49,21 ±7,12 55,90 ± 10,07 30,68 ±11,45 49,67 ±8,14 41,69 ±5,49 57,70 ± 14,91
51,35 ±9,52 57,61 ± 8,48 36,74 ± 6,5 •' 65,24 ± 8,50 50,70 ±11,55 47,76 ± 8,59 53,66 ± 8,34 56,93 ± 7,35 51,96 ±10,90
Bdng 5 Ket qua phan tich Anova hai nhan td 3 Ian lap lai vdi mure y nghia a = 0,005
theo chuong trinh Microsoft Excel 2007 kha nang tai sinh ciia 25 gidng lua Ngudn bien sai
Mdi tmdng Gid'ng
Mdi tmdng va gidng Trong nhdm
Tdng
SS 21757,01
11496,94 12722,17 1519,087 47495,2
df 24 3 72 200 299
MS 906,5421 3832,313 176,6968 7,595437
F 119,3535 504,5546 23,2635
P-value 6,7 X lO'*"
5,47 X 10'' 3,57 X 10*'
Fcrit 2,0116 4,4084 1,6146
Kit qua phdn tfch Anova vdi mflc y nghia a
= 0,005 cho thdy kha nang tai sinh cua 25 gidng lua teong thf nghiim nay diu bi anh hudng bdi mdi tmdng va gidng. Cu thi vdi yiu td mdi tmdng gia tri F teong nhdm la 119,3535 ldn hdn rdt nhilu so vdi gid tri Fen, = 2,0116, tiiy nhiin khi so sanh vdi kha nang anh hudng cua mdi tmdng Ifn kha nang tao callus thi tei sd gifla F/F^rit cua thf nghifm nay thdp ban xdp xi 8 ldn.
Vl anh hudng cua yiu to gidng ldn kha nang tao callus cua cac gidng lua cung thdy mdt su khac bift rdt ldn gifla gid tei F va F^^, xdp xi 110 ldn (ldn lupt la 504,5546 va 4,4084). Tuy nhiin, khi so sanh vdi thf nghifm tmdc dd thi tri sd F/Fen, cua thf nghifm nay ldn hdn gdn 3 ldn so vdi tei sd F/Fjrit cua thi nghiim anh hudng cua ban ehdt gidng lln su hinh thanh callus. Khi phdn tfch anh hudng ddng thdi cua yiu to mdi tmdng va yiu td ban chd't di tmyIn ldn kha nang tai sinh cua tflng gid'ng ta cung nhdn thdy gid tri F ldn horn gia tri F„i, (ldn lupt la 23,2635 va l,6i46) chung td khd nang tai sinh cua cdc gid'ng Ifla bi anh hudng ddng thdi bdi yl'u td mdi tmdng va ban ehdt di tmyIn cua chung. Qua phdn tfch Anova cho phep nhdn xet kha ndng tai sinh cua mdi gidng Ifla bi anh hudng bdi ye'u td mdi tmdng va ban ehdt di tmyIn cua gid'ng cung nhu su tdc ddng ddng thdi cua 2 yiu td nay. Tuy nhien, khac vdi tmdng hpp kha nang tao callus, kha ndng tai sinh cua cdc gidng lua bi tac ddng manh me horn bdi ban ehdt di tmyIn hay ndi mdt each khac la kha ndng tdi sinh cua tutng gidng lua do chfnh ban ehdt di timyin cua gid'ng quylt dinh va ta se tim dupc mdi tmdng thfch hop dl cd ty If tai smh cao nhdt tren tflng gidng Ifla.
Khi phdn tfch chi tilt chung ta cd thi nhdn thdy mdi tmdng MS4 cd bd sung 2 mg BAP, 0,5 mg kmetm cho ty If tai smh timng bmh teln 25 gidng la 35,25% (thdp nhdt teong sd 4 mdi
tmdng khao sat) cdn mdi tmdng MS7 cd bd sung 0,5 mg BAP, 0,5mg kinetin cho ty If tai smh timng binh cao nhdt (dat 51,73%). Tuy nhiin, mdi tmdng MS5 cd bd sung 2 mg BAP, 0,5 mg kinetin va 0,1 mg casein la mdi tmdng cho ty 11 tdi sinh dn dinh hdn vdi ty 11 trang binh la 45,74% va phudng sai la 1,17 teong khi mdi tmdng MS7 cd ty 11 tai sinh cao han nhung phuang sai tuomg ddi ldn dat 2,45. Khi quan sat chi tilt ban chflng ta cd thi thdy vdi mdi tmdng MS5 cd 11 gidng cd kha nang tdi sinh teln 60%
cdn mdi tmdng MS7 chi cd 8 gidng cd kha ndng tao callus teen 60%. V l kha ndng tdi sinh cua tiing gid'ng cd thi thdy nlu tfnh teen 4 mdi tmdng thi cd 6 gidng (gidng sd 8, 10, 20, 26, 28, 34 va 42) cd ty If tai sinh trang binh teln 55%.
Trong sd dd, gid'ng sd 34 (YUNLU103-1B) cd ty If tai sinh teln 4 mdi tmdng dat 65,24% va rieng teen mdi tmdng MS5 ty 11 tdi sinh cua gidng lua nay dat din 74,07% vdi phuang sai la 8,5 (tuy kha cao nhung vdn thdp horn so vdi cac gid'ng lua cd ty If tai sinh cao khac trong thi nghifm nay). Gidng lua sd 8 (gidng LUYIN46) cung la gidng cd ty If tai sinh kha cao 59,75%, tuy nhiin kha nang tai sinh cua gidng Ifla nay hi anh hudng manh bdi yiu td mdi tmdng (phuang sai la 10,74%); gidng Ifla nay cho ty If tai sinh cao teln mdi tmdng MS5 va MS7 (ldn lupt la 70,87% va 67,41%) teong khi ty If tai sinh trin 2 mdi tmdng MS4 va MS6 lai thdp han rd rft (44,91% va 55,83%). Cac gidng Ifla cdn lai (gidng sd 10, 20, 26, 28 va 44) cung diu cho kha nang tai sinh trin mdi tmdng cd bd sung 2 mg BAP, 0,5 mg kinetin va 0,1 mg casein cao ban rd rft vdi mdi tmdng cd bd sung 0,5 mg BAP va 0,5 mg kinetm.
HI. K^T LU^N
Tfl kit qua cua nghifn cflu nay, cho phep
nhdn dinh hdu hit cac gidng Ifla teong thf khac nhu gidng LUYIN46, LP-5M va IR80416- nghilm nay (25/46 gidng) cd kha nang tao B-152-4 la cac gidng cd kha ndng tai smh va callus tdt. Kha ndng tao callus cua cdc gidng lua hmh thanh callus tdt hiy nhiin cdc gidng nay nay bi anh hudng bdi ca yiu td mdi timdng va diu bi anh hudng bdi yeu td mdi timdng kha yiu td di trayin, hai yiu td nay tac ddng ddng manh.
thdi 11 kha nang tao callus cua tflng gidng lua
tiiy nhiin yiu td mdi timdng (ndng dd 2,4D) cd TAIUEU THAMKHAO
tac ddng rd net ban. Qua khao sat chung tdi . ^ T - .^ . x . ,^. . , v
nhdn thdy cd 4 gidng cd tilm nang tao callus tdt ^- S^** Le Quyen, Le Kim Hoan, Pham nhdt la Nip khau d l ddn ' (69,67%) Xuan Hdi, Le Huy Ham, 2008: Nghien cflu YUNLU103-1B (69,79%), gidng LP-5M ^^ " ^ S ^ ' ^ " ^ ^^y '"^ ^ P**^* '^"^ tdp (73,79%) va IR80416-B-152-4 (76,97%) va mdi ^^^ ^long Ifla Vift Nam nham phue vu teudng thfch hpp cho su hmh thanh callus cua fj"^ ^'^ '^''"y^" ^'^- "^^P ""^ ^ " ^ *^9C, cdc gidng LP-5M va IR80416-B-152-4 la mdi ^"^^^- 141-147.
timdng cd bd sung 1,5 mg 2,4D cdn vdi 2 gidng 2. Chu Van Min, 2003: L5ig dung tin hpe cdn lai la mdi tmdng cd bd sung 2 mg 2,4D. Vl teong smh hpe. Nxb. Dai hpe Qude gia kha nang tai sinh cua 25 gidng Ifla, chung tdi Ha Ndi.
nhdn thdy kha ndng nay cung bi anh hudng 3 Murashiee T and Skooe F 1962- A riing re va ddng thdi bdi 2 yiu td mdi teudng va ^- ^ " ' ^ ^ f §« * • ^ ^ ^"^""g * •' l^^^. A u' u«v J- *_ --^ ^ v.-' -- .^ J. . * revised medium for rapid growth and ban ehdt di tmyen, tuy nhien yiu td di timyin , . .,. , . .. ,^
•f, , . , , •',- ii. »• . --' , , . bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures, cua gidng lai co y nghia quylt dyih den kha physioL Plant, 15: 473-497.
nang tai sinh cua tung gidng lua. Qua thi
nghifm chflng tdi nhdn thdy gidng Ifla 4. James C , 2005: Global statiis of YUNLU103-1B cd kha ndng tai smh tdt trfn ca conunercialized biotech/MG crops. ISAAA 4 loai mdi timdng da khao sat (teen 50%) la Briefs 34. ISAAA: Ithaca, NY.
gidng cd tiiln vpng dl nghiln cum tilp kha ndng 5. Http://www.nea.gov.vn/rhongTmMT/NoiD tilp nhdn gien la bin canh mdt sd gidng lua ung/tiasang_3-6-08.html.
STUDY ON PLANT REGENERATION FROM EMBRYO OF A GROUP VARIETIES OF VIETNAMESE UPLAND RICE
FOR TRANSFORMATION APPROACH
CAO LE QUYEN, PHAM THI VAN, PHAM XUAN HOI SUMMARY
Almost high land rice varieties have drought tolerant potential however they usually do not meet the demand of yield for rapid growing in the population. To utihze these potential genetics resources, it requires teansferring the high yield genes into this group or inteoducing the potential drought tolerance genes into high yield and quality varieties. It is necessary for optimizing in-viteo culture and estabhshing a teansgenic protocol in this group therefore we have shidied on the callus forming potency and plant regeneration capacity of 46 Vietaamese high land rice varieties. Almost of them (44/46 rice varieties) have callus fomiing potency and there are 22 rice varieties which have callus formation rate more than 50%, especially four varieties have callus formation rate approximately from 70% to 80%. The MS medium supplement with a range of 1.5-2 mg/1 2,4D seems to be optunal for callus formuig. All 25 callus forming rice varieties showed piant regeneration capacity and out of which, sk rice varieties have regeneration score above 55%. The MS medium supplement with 2 mg/1 BAP, 0.5 mg/1 kinetm, and 0.1 mg/1 casein seem to be optimal for plant regeneration.
The ANOVAs analyses show that the callus forming potency and plant regeneration capacity of this group are influenced by mediums and genetic resources. However, the medium factors effect in the callus forming potency steonger than genetic resources while plant regeneration capacity depends on theu genetics more than media.
Ngay nhdn bdi: 19-11-2010
