TAPCliCdNBTIirdNS
TONG QUAN VE NGANH CA CAO VIET NAM
• BUI THANH GIANG - NGUYEN NGQC THUY
r ( ) M T \ T :
Ca cao ia mgt nganh cdng nghiep non U-e \a dang phdi trien tai Viet Nam. Dii da du nhdp vdo nffdc ta tff lau, nhiTng cdch day gdn 15 nam. nganh nay mdi thffcsff dffdc ldp trung diiu Iffv^
phat trien.
Bdi viet gidi thieu mot bffc n-anh khai qudt \ e nganh Ca cao d Viet Nam. tff nam 2005 den nay. Dong ihdi, tde gia cung neura mgt s6'chi lieu cdban (nhff dien tich, san Iffdng, gia ca.hoat dgng dau iff,...) de tha'y ro difdc nhffng khd khdn va thuan ldi cua nganh cong nghiep nay.
TiJf khda: Ca cao, nsanh Ca cao Viet Nam.
1. Cac giai doan phat trien cua nganh Ca cao Vi^t Nam
Trim luM trdng ca cao dau lien d Viet Nam bill dau iff irffdc khi da'l nffdc tho'ng nha'i. Ca cao lan d;ui tien difdc dffa vao mien Nam Viet Nam bdi ngifdi Phdp (iff trffdc ndm 1954) \ii ngffdi M\
(trffdc nam 1975). nhffng do ban che ve chie'n tranh va ba't d'n d cac khu vi^c san xua'l n6ng nghiep nen da khong ihe khai thac dem ndng thffdng mai ciia ngdnh cdng nghiep mdi khai sinh ndy. Trong thdi ky do. ca\ ca cao khdng mang tai ldi nhuan nhff ca phe. lieu, dieu nen da phan bi chat bo.
Trao lifu thff hai la vao nhffng nam 19S0. Trong nhffng nam 1980, Chinh phu Viei Nam da c6'giing phdt trien ca\ ca cao d cdc ndng trffdng quo'c doanh. Nd Iffc nhy da hinh thanh cdc vung trong ca cao keo dai qua nhieu tinh. iff Quang Ngai de'n CanThd. vdi sff tham gia cua hang ngdn ndng dan.
Chi rieng d Quang Ngai. dien lich ca cao dd dat tdi 3.000 ha. Dii ngu'di ndng dan da ihanh cdng trong
\iec irong ca cao \a cho thu hoaeh nhffng cdc doanh nghiep nhd nffdc da tha't bai trong viec xa\
dffng he tho'ng lieu thu. Do khong cd cac nha ihu mua ngi dia cung nhff khong the xuat kha'u nen hau hel ndng dan da chuyen do'i sang cay trong khde.
Sff tha'l bai nd\ ldm cho ngffdi dan va chinh qu>en cd thai do nghi ngd vdi linh kha lhi \ e hieu qua kinh te ctia ca_\ ca cao tai Viet Nam.
Trao lifu ihff ba la \iio nhffng nam 1990. Tff giffa nam 1990 de'n nam 2000 la giai doan nghien
cffu va khao nghiem, Hiep hgi Ca cao the gidi (WCF) dd h6 ird Dai hgc Nong Lam TP. Ho Chi Minh de thanh lap Trung tam Trinh diln ca cao, tie'n hanh cdc khao nghiem ve gidng, ndng suai.
Trong giai doan niiy edn ed sff tham gia cua Vien Khoa hoc Ky thual Nong Lam nghiep Tay Nguyen. Dai hgc Ciin Thd. DANIDA'va GTZ=.
Tff ndm 2001 de'n 2012 la giai doan phat trien ve quy mo, Trong giai doan nay co rat nhieu dff dn tai trd cho phat trien ca cao d Viet Nam, nhff:
SUCCESS Alliance' difdc irien khai d dong bing song Cffu Long, Dong Nam Bg va Tay Nguyen (2004-2007, 200S-20I4), dff an PSOM-" do Chinh phu Ha Lan lai ird (2004-2006), lo chffc Helveie-s' cua Thuy Sy Ihffc hien lieu chuan UTZ Certified^
cho san pham ca cao,,.. Phd'i hdp vdi cdc to chffc phi chinh phu va tff nhan, Chinh phu Viet Nam dong mgl vai trd quan trgng trong viec chi dao chie'n Iffdc phat trien cija ngdnh Cdng nghiep ca cao.
De'n ndm 2012, Bg Nong nghiep vd Phal trien Xong Ihon dd ban hanh Quye'l dmh phe duyel quy hoaeh phdt trien ca cao cac tinh phia Nam den ndm 2015 va dinh hffdng den nam 2020.
Tff nam 2013 den nay la giai doan sut giam ve quy mo. Trong giai doan nay gan nhif khdng c6n cac dff an tai trd phal cay giong cho nong dan do hai nguyen nhan: khong co kinh phi hodc cd kinh phi nhu^g khdng irien khai dffdc do nhu cau trong trong dan thdp.
72 So 9 - T h o n g 5/2020
XINK TE
Qua cac giai doan phdn tich tren cd the tha\.
ngiinh Ca cao \'iei Nam chii yeu dffdc xa\ dffng bdi nhffng dff an iff cdc to chffc phi chinh phu va cac dff dn xda ddi gidm ngheo. Va khi sff tai trd cua cdc dff an nay khong con nffa lhi quy mo ciia ca nffdc cung giam theo.
Hien nay d nu'dc ta cd ba vimg trong ca cao chinh, la dong bdng sdng Cffu Long, Tay Nguyen va VLing Dong Nam Bd. Trong dd, ca cao chij \eu dffdc trong xen (vdi dffa, dieu, cay dn trai,,,) chff khong chuyen canh nhff d cac nffdc xua't khau ldn (Cote d'lvoire. Ghana, Indonesia). O dong bdng song Cffu Long, ca cao chu ye'u trong d Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Hau Giang, VTnh Long, Tra Vinh, Sdc Trang. Viing Tay Nguyen ca cao dffdc trong tai cdc tinh Diik Ldk, Ddk Nong va Lam Dong. Con d viing Ddng Nam Bd, ca cao dffdc trong lap trung d Binh Phffdc, Dong Nai va Ba Ria- VQng Tau,
2. Di$n tich, san Iffdng trong ca cao d Vi^t Nam
La mot nffdc mdi phal trien irong nganh cdng nghiep ca cao todn ciiu, Vi6t Nam cho san Iffdng rat khiem td'n ve hat ca cao hiing nam, khoang 5.500 la'n, trong khi san Iffdng cua the gidi Id khoiing 4,8 trieu tan (Cue Trong trgi, 2019). Tuy nhien, tren thffdng trifdng quo'c te, hai ca cao tff Viet Nam da dffdc cong nhdn lii cd cha't Iffdng len men td't nhd sff quan tam sdm den ke hoaeh va phdt trien tff cde khu vffc cong, tff nhan cijng nhff do dieu kien khi hau ddc trffhg cua nffdc la.
Hifih 1: Difn tich car)h tac, san IUdng ca cao (2005 -2019)
70(16 2007 1008 XXB 2010 1011 2012 2013 2014
^»-Dieniith(M) - • - S a n lirong [lan)
Nguon:
Theo Ban Dieu phoi phat trien ca cao Viet Nam (2019), dien tich canh tac ca cao ciia Viet Nam cao nha'l vao nam 2012 vdi 25.700 ha. sau dd lien tuc giam. den nam 2019 con 5.028 ha. Cac tinh cd dien tich giam nhieu do la Ben Tre, Dak Lak. Binh Phffdc. Lam Dong. Ba Ria - Viing Tau, Tien Giang. Trong dd. Ben Tre la tinh cd dien tich canh lacgiam nhieu nha't. Iff9.727 ha (ndm 2012) xud'ng con 273 ha (nam 2019).
Nguyen nhan dan de'n sff sut giam dang ke ve dien dch trong ca cao bao gdm nhffng van de nhff:
sff bie'n dgng cua gid ca cao. s^ lffa chon vung trong chffa phu hdp. nhffng han che' ve ky ihuat trong. nhffng han che' tff cbinh sach hd trd cua Nha nifde. va nhffng va'n de \ e bien doi khi hau.
Trong Hinh 1 cd the tha'y. dien tich canh lac ca cao tuy giam manh tff nam 2012 nhffng nhin chung san lu'dng lai van lang khd on djnh qua cac ndm sau, dat cao nha't vao nam 2017 vdi 7.618 ta'n hat kho. Didu nay cho tha'y, ndng sud't trong cacao cua nong dan ngay cang tang va cai thien hdn irffdc.
3. Tmh hinh gia ca cao trong nffdc va trdn th6' Gid ca cao iff nam 2005 de'n nay cd nhieu bid'n dgng theo xu hifdng tdng qua cac ndm, Gid cd trong nffdc anh hffdng nhieu tff gid cacao the gidi.
Tff ndm 2005 de'n tnfde ndm 2012. gia ca cao the gidi on dinh. tang dan deu. Hat ca cao kho trong nffdc cd gid 15.000 - 30.000d/kg nam 2005 - 2006, den nam 2011 trung binh la 70,000d/kg (khoang 7.000d/kg do'i vdi trai tffdi). Tff nam 2012 - 2013. gia ca cao giam manh nhif trong Hinh 2. Ddt rdt gia nay dd anh hifcing rat ldn de'n san xua't ciia ngdnh Ca cao d Viet Nam.
Ndm 2012, gia hat ca cao bat dau giam xud'ng 62.000 - 65.000d/kg va de'n nam 2013 giam manh, theo gid san London, xuong con 54.000d/kg (3.000d/kg trai tffdi). Trong thdi gian nay, gia ca cao bie'n dgng va xuong tha'p nha't, trong khi dd mgt so' cay trong lai cd gia tri kinh te cao hdn ban va de trong hdn da khie'n cho ngffdi nong dan khdng du kien nhan chd ddi, Hg Viet Nam
2016 2017 201S 2019
Cue Tiwig trot 12019)
TAP CHi CONG TBIfdNG
Hint) 2: Gia ca cao the gidi (2005 -2019)
Ngudn: Tdng hop lif ICCO sdn sang chdl bd cay ca cao de chuyen sang trdng
eay dn qua (bffdi da xanh. sau rieng. dffa. cam...,).
Hdn nffa. da phan ngffdi ndng dan trong vdi quy mo nhd, phan ldn nen khd khdn eho viec hifdng dan ky thual khie'n cay sinh trffdng kem, nhieu sau benh. ndng suii't tha'p. Dieu na\ gdp phan lam cho hg khdng "miin md" \di cay ca cao. ma chuyen hffdng sang cay khac. Nhffng nguyen nhan tren dSn dS'n sif gidm manh dien Uch trong ca cao d nifdc ta trong thdi gian tff cuo'i ndm 2012 den nam 2013, Tff ndm 2014, gia ca cao the gidi ba't dau phue hoi dan de'n gid trong nffdc tang len khd cao vdo nam 2015. la 70.000 - 75.000d/kg. Ben nam 3017. gia giam nhe xud'ng cdn 65,000 70.000d/kg do'i vdi hai khd. gia u-ai tffdi la 6.000d/kg \'a mffc gia nay dang giff den thdi diem hien nay.
Cd the thay. gid ea cao trong nu'dc rat nhay so vdi Slf bien dong Clia the gidi. Dieuna\ se lam cho ngffdi ndng dan lo sd trong nhffng thdi die'm gia giam manh. vi hg bi han ehe' trong viec tie'p can thong lin va thieu hieu bie't ve dii tn/dng. De khde phue dieu na\'. nen cd mgt mffc gid on dinh, phu hdp hdn trong ntfdc so vdi mat bdng gid chung cua quo'c le, de ngffdi ddn yen tam hdn n-ong san xua'l.
4. Tinh hinh che'bi^'n ca cao trong ntfdc Hien na>. hat ca eao Viel Nam difdc che bie'n thdng qua hinh thffc sau:
- Sd che len men hat: nong dan trong ca cao, hg Ihu mua hodc mgt so' doanh nghiep tai cdc dia phffdng thffc hien. Mgt so'doanh nghiep cd quy mo sdcheva len men ldn - nhff Cong ty Puratds Grand Place. Cong t\ TNHH Ca cao Trpng Dffc, dd thu
mua qua hoae hat ffdl de sd che, Ien men ldp trung iai Congly. Tuy nhien, he ihd'ng sd che'vd len men ca cao tap tfung dang eo xu hffdng giam do thie'u nguyen lieu.
- Che bie'n san pha'm ca cao ban thanh ph^m vd thanh pha'm: mgl so' doanh nghiep nhd che bifi'n thanh ban thanh pha'm va Ihanh pham (nhff b^i nhao, hot ea eao, bd ca eao. bdnh keo, chocolate Ihanh. rffdu ca cao,,,.) chu ye'u cung ffng cho san xudt ihifc pha'm va nhu cau trong nffdc.
Viet Nam hien dffng thff 23 trong danh sdch nhffng nu'dc cd sdn pham ca cao dat hffdng vi loi.
trd thanh quo'c gia chau A thff hai dat danh hi?u nay sau Indonesia, nhffng lai cd de'n 40% san Iffdng ca cao difde c6ng nhan trong khi Indonesia ehi c6 ly le 1% (Sonia Gregor, 2017). Sff khae biel niiy ngoai ye'u to' tho' nhu'dng con de'n tff each len men Iff nhien de tao nen sff dgc ddo. Dd la qud tnnh len men ea cao, rang va nghien hat de lam day len hffdnglrdicay dac trffng vd'n cd Clia hat cacao Viet Nam. Quy trinh ehe bie'n ca cao d Viet Nam hi?n nay the hien irong Hinh 3.
5. Tinh hinh san xua't, thu mua, xua't nh$p khS'u ca cao
- Ve sdn .xudt vd xud'l khdu:
Hien nay, sdn xua'l trong nffdc chffa dap ffng du'de nhu cau thu mua cua cac ddn vi trong vd ngoai nifde de che bie'n, xua't khau. Hat ca cao di/dc xuat khau thong qua: Cdng ty Armajaro, Cong ty TNHH Thi/dng pham Atlantic Viet Nam (Aeon). Cong ty trdch nhiem hffu ban Giai phdp Cong nghe BS'n Thdnh. Mgt s6' cong ty ch6' bien hot nhao, hot, bd ca cao (Cong ty Pham Minh)
74 So 9 - Thong 5/2020
KINH TE
Hinh 3: Quy trinh ch6' bien ca cao d Vift Nam
Tach vo
Rang hat
X
Cacao nhao
Bdt cacao U Nghien
Tach vova nhan XaynhuySh
X
Ep tach bo
X
Thanh
—»- pham Chocolate Nguchi: Qua dieu tra ciia lac giu {2019}
hodc ehe' bie'n bdn va thanh pha'm nhff nfdu, chocolate va bgl ca cao. banh keo, sffa.... (Cong ty TNHH Ca cao Trgng Dffc. Vina Ca cao, Binon Ca cao,...). San phii'm chocolate dffdc san xua't tff hat ca cao Viet Nam dffdc qud'e t6' danh gid cao va da dat dffdc giai thffdng tren the' gidi (nhff san pha'm cua Cong ty Marou, Cong ty Stone Hill).
- V^' .sdn xudl cd chifng nhgn:
Theo so' lieu eua UTZ Certified, san xua't ca cao chffng nhan lai Viet Nam lang nhanh tff nam 2011, dat cao nha't vao ndm 2014 vdi 16 ddn vjsan xua't tham gia, vdi 3.323 hg, 2.822 ha va san Iffdng 2,654 ta'n hat dffdc chffng nhan UTZ. Giai doan ndy phin ldn chi phi dffdc sff ho trd tff cac to' chffc UTZ Certified. Helvetas Viet Nam.... Tuy nhien, sau nam 2014. khi nguon hd trd iff cac to' chffc gidm thi viec san xua't cd chffng nhan cung giam.
De'n thdng 12 ndm 2017. cd 2 ddn vi san xua'l dffdc chffng nhan vdi 286 hg, 285 ha vd san lu'dng 330,3 lii'n tai cac tinh Dak Lak, Da'k Ndng, Ba Ria - VQng Tau. Dong Nai. Ben Tre. Nguyen nhan dffdc cho la do: linh hinh sau benh tren cay ca cao phdt lni}n manh ddn de'n chi phi san xua't Idn, gay ihi^l hai cho ngffdi san \uat. kha nang canh tranh chffa vffdt troi ciia cay ea cao so vdi mgt so ca\
trong CO the manh khac do nang sua't khong cao.
hieu qua kinh te khdng vu'dt trgi. thi trffdng khdng on dinh: vh san Iifdng ca caoca ni/dc tha'p lam cho cac nhd thffdng mai nffdc ngoai cdn e ngai dau nf (CucTr6ngtrgl.2019).
6. Hoat ddng dau ttf, lien k&'t san xua't ca cao Vdi nhu cau ngay cdng tang trong khi Iffdng eung con tha'p, hien nay cd mpt so'doanh nghiep, to chffc tim hie'u va dau tu' pha! irie'n lhi trffdng nguyen lieu cacao tai VieiNam. Vidu nhff, du" an dau lu' xay dffng canh dong mdu ldn ca cao eiia Cdng ty TNHH Ca cao Trpng Dffc, Cong ly co' phan Bamboo Capital d linh Ddng Nai, Cong ly TNHH Cao Nguyen Xanh d tinh Da'k Lilk. Ben canh dd. mgt so' cdng ty da dau lu' nha may che' bien cdc san phdm cacao vdi cong nghe lien lien- nhff Cdng ty ca cao Trgng Dffc: Cong ty Kimmy;
Binon Ca cao - ddng thdi dau lu' xay dffng khu du lichsinh thai trai nghiem ve ca cao.
Tuy nhien, nhffng boat ddng dau tff nay con gap phai khdng il khd khan, nhieu dif an chffa thffc hien dffdc. Nguyen nhdn Id do dien lich ca cao nhd Ie, manh mun va giam manh. nong dan khong man ma. chffa dffdc ho irdlhichddng tff chinh quyen dia phffdng nen cac doanh nghiep con e ngai chffa manh dan hoae chffa ed du dieu kien de thifc hien dau lu".
Viec lien ke't san xua'l cua cdc cdng ly vdi ngu'di ndng dan cdn gap nhieu khd khan cung xua't phal Iff nhffng nguyen nhdn ke iren. Ngoai ra, con mgl ly do xua'l phdt tff dac tinh cua cay ea cao d Viet Nam. do la cd\' ca cao u'a bdng ram va gia tri kinh te khong eao nen chi cd y nghia khi trong xen vdi cay khac nham eai thien thu nhap cho nong dan chff khdng ed kha nang canh tranh vdi edc loai cay cd gia trj cao. nhff: bffdi da xanh, sau rieng, mang cdu,... VI vay. khi linh hinh san xud't ca eao khd khan, khong dap ffng dffdc nhff ky vong cua ngffdi dan, sff eanh Iranh eua cay ca cao vdi cdc cay dn qua khac ngay cang gay gal hdn. Chinh vi the. hg se de dang chuye'n dd'i cay trong. Dieu nay lam tang nguy cd pha vd sff Hen ke't giffa ngffdi nong dan vdi cac edng l\. khie'n cac cdng ty gap nhieu khd khan trong san xua't, cdn cac nha dau tdmdi thi khdng sd'n sdng vied nhieu longai.
7. Nhffng thuan ldi va khd khan cua nganh Cacao Viet Nam
Qua phan tich td'ng the ve nganh Ca cao Viet Nam d tren. cd the ghi nhan lai nhffng khd khan va thudn Idi chu yeu cua nganh Ca cao Viet Nam hien nav nhff sau:
TAP CHl cone TllfllllG
a. Thudn ldi
- Nlui cau cua ca cao the gidi nga\ cang ldng.
nen dau ra cho hat ca cao Viet N'am la ra't thuan ldi, Hdn nffa. trong nffdc da hinh thanh mang Iffdi thu mua rpng khdp iai cac viing trong ca cao, Thi infdng ea cao dang ed da'u hieu soi dgng trd lai.
- Ndng sudl ca cao tffng bffdc dffdc nang cao, phan ldn hat ca cao ctia nong dan dffdc cdc cong t\.
doanh nghiep thu mua len men tap trung nen chat Iffdng hat ngay cang dong deu. cii thien hdn irffdng hdp de ngu'di dan tff ien men tai vifdn. Ben canh dd. san xua'l vd che'bie'n ed chffng nhdn ngdy cdng du'de quan tam. Ca cao Viet Nam dffdc To chffc Ca cao the gidi ddnh gia la ea cao hffdng \i lot. mang lai vi the cung nhff thuan ldi cho nganh Cacao Viel Nam.
- Che' bie'n ca cao trong nffdc dang dffdc nhieu doanh nghiep trong vd ngoai mfdc quan tam. dau tif, san xua't lao ra cdc san phd'm ca cao lieu thu irong nffdc va bffdc dau khdng dinh tren thj tn/dng qud'e tc {nhif san pha'm cua cac cong i\ Marou.
SlonHill,Sa\ie. Belvie....).
- Gid'ng mdi. tie'n bg ky thuat dffdc cap nhat. cd ban \;ic djnh difde cd ca'u gio'ng cho ba viJng siin xua'l chinh: dong thdi da ban bdnh Quy trinh K>
thual canh tde, Quy trinh sd che va len men hat.
Quy Irinh phong trff dich hai. Tieu chua'n VieiNam cay gio'ng ca cao Viet Nam. Dieu nay gdp phan bao dam cho chat Iffdng ca cao viet Nam ngay cang lo'i hdn.
- Mdl sd' Id chffc. doanh nghiep irong nu'dc \a qudc le dang \>i\ dffng viing san xua't ca cao lap trung. qu\ mo siin xua't Idn hdng nam tren cac linh Diik Ldk. Ddng Nai.
h. Khd khdn
- Hieu qua kinh te cua cay ca cao chffa thffc sff hii'p diin nong dan de hp yen lam dau iif cham sdc
\a cay ca cao dang chiu sff canh tranh manh vdi cac loai cay dn qua ed gid tri cao.
- Tnfde day. xay dffng cac \iing trong ca\ ca cao thdm canh da du'de thffc hien d mgi so vung nhffng khong dat dffdc ke't qua nhff k\ vpng. Hi6n na>. phan ldn dien lich ca cao chu \ eu dffdc trong xen dffdi tan dffa. dieu. eay dn qua vdi quy md san xua't nho. phan tdn gay khd khdn cho cai thien san lu'dng va ndng sua't. Hdn nffa, nhffng han chev^ kv thuat trong va cac bien phdp cho'ng sau benh vao mua mffa cung chinh Id nguyen nhan dan de'n giam nang sua'l. hieu qua san xua'l ca cao.
- Chinh siich ho trd tff Nha mfdc cho cay ca cao con nhieu ban ehe. Mpi so' dia phffdng cd chinh sach phdt trien nhffng nguon Iffc con ihie'u, dan d^'n mgt so' chffdng Innh, dff dn ca cao dffdc phe duyci nhffng khong du kinh phi de trie'n khai.
- Gia thu mua trong nffdc con phu thuge nhilu vao bie'n dgng cua gia ca thj tnfdng qudc te, lien ke't giffa san xua'l vdi lieu thu chffa du'de chdt che, cac doanh nghiep con gdp nhieu khd khdn irong
\ ICC ldng cffdng lien kel vdi nong dan, - Tuy hien nay dd cd mgl so' doanh nghiep dau tif vao san xua't thdnh pham ca cao thay vi chi ch^
bie'n hat vd hot ca cao nhu' irudc ddy, nhffng sin lu'dng thanh phiim van ra'l it. Lffdng ihdnh pham xud't khau khong ddng ke. Chinh vi vay, gid ir'i gia tdng trong chebien eon rd'l han ehe.
Qua phan tich long quan nganh Ca cao Viet Nam. nhan iha'y rang, de khdi phue lai sff phal onen hffng thjnh eija nganh Ca cao Viet Nam se c6 ra'l nhieu edng viec can phai thffc hiSn vd doi hoi phai ed sif chung tay, pho'i hdp ciia ndng dan, cdc doanh nghiep, cde ed quan Nha nffdc va ea cde nha nghien cffu khoa hge. Thffc trang nay ddt ra cac va'n de giai phdp can quan tam thtfc hien trong ihdi gian ldi •
TAI LIEI TRICH DVN:
'DANIDA; Cdquan phdt Uien quoc te Dan Mach (Danish International Developmenl Agency).
-GTZ- CtJ quan phai trien quo'c te Cgng hoa Lien bang Dffc.
•SL'CCESS Alliance: Dy ;in "Phdt trien san xuai ca cao ben vffng cho cdc nong hd lai Viet Nam" (ggi tSl li SUCCESS Alliance) do Bg Nong nghiep vii Phat trien nong dion phdi hdp cCing t6' chu'c ACDIA'OC - mpi lo chiic phi chinh phu .M> thu'c hien.
-TSOM Chu'dng uinh hdp tde Ha Lan vdi cac lhi tnfdng g^n ket do Chinh phu Ha Lan tai trd.
76 So 9 - Thong 5/2020
KINH TE
^Helvctc-s: Hiep hpi Thu> S\ \i sifhcfplacquocte.
'•UTZ CVnified: ChUdng trinh chijng nhan toSn cau.
TAI L i e u THAM KHAO:
1. BO Nong nghiC-p va Phil men Nong thon (2012). Quyet dinh so20!5/QB-BNN-Trngdy 21/8/2012 cua Bci Nong nglliep vd Phal Irien Ndng than ve phe duyel quy hogch phdt trien ca cao cdc tinh phia Sam den ndm 2015 Wt dinh hitdng den nam 2020.
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Ngay nhan bai: 6/4/2020
Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va sii'a chiJa: 16/4/2020 Ngay cha'p nhfln dang bai: 26/4/2020 Thdng lin Idc giei:
1. ThS. NCS. BUI THANH GIANG
Ph9n hifu TriTcfng Dai hpc Npi vy Ha Npi tai Thanh pho'Ho Chi Minh 2. TS. NGUYEN NGQC THUY
Dai hpc Nong Lflm Thanh ph6'H6 Chi Minh
AN OVERVIEVt' ON THE COCOA INDUSTRY OF VIETNAM
• Ph.D student, Master, BUI THANH GIANG Hanoi University of Home Affairs - Ho Chi IVIinh City Campus
• Ph,D NGUYEN NGOC THUY Nong Lam Universiy ABSTRACT:
Cocoa industry is a new and developing sector in Vietnam, Altiiough tlie cocoa industry started in Vietnam 15 years ago, this industry has just attracted investment in recent years. This article introduces an overview on the cocoa industry of Vietnam from 2005 up till now with analyses of the industry's fomiation and development. This article also presents some basic indicators of the cocoa industry in Vietnam, such as planting area, output, cocoa price and investment tto highlight current diftlcultic and advantages of Vietnamese cocoa industry.
Keywords: Cocoa, cocoa industry of Viemam,
