33/2013 II 145
VAI TOO CUA VIEC SU DUNG 71/ DIEN IHUAT N G O TOONG HO TOO DAY HOC HOC SINH LdP 5
Ngd Thi Kim Hoan, Nguyln Thi Minh Trang, TriroMg Minh Giang Tru&ng Dgi hpc Thu do Hd Npi
Tom tik: Thudt ngie tiing Viet da hinh thdnh vd phdt triin Irong han mot thi kl Thugt ngie bdn thdn chiing da thi hien y nghia vo cimg quan trpng doi v&i d&i song khoa hpc.
cong nghe, gido due cung nhu suphdt trien noi chung cua todn xd hpi Hien nay, thugt ngie vd lie dien thudt ngie ngdy cdng dupe chii trpng phdt trien. V&i hpc sinh Tiiu hoc, viic chudn hoa hiiu biet ve thugt ngie cho cdc em la cdn thiit Bdi viet nhdn mgnh vai tro quan trpng cua tie dien thugt ngie v&i hpc sinh. Khong chi gdp phdn m& rang hieu biit cho cdc em vi mot doi lupng dgc biet trong he thong tic virng tieng Viet, ma rang hieu biet vi timg linh vuc, chuyen ngdnh khoa hpc ddp icng nhu cdu xd hpi; md viec sie dung tie dien thudt ngu trong hpc tap cung mang lgi nhiiu y nghia thiit thuc trong viec phdt triin ngu&i hpc ve ndng luc ngon ngie vd cdch hpc tap, suy nghi trong khoa hgc.
Tu khoa: vai trd, lie dien, thugt ngie, lir dien thugt ngie, ho trp dgy hpc, hpc sinh. l&p 5 Nhan bai ngay 10.3.2019; giri phan bien, chinh sifa, duyet dang ngay 10.6.2019.
Lien he tac gia: Ngo Thi Kim Hoan; Email: [email protected]
L MOf D A U
Giai nghia tir trong day hgc la con dudng tiep can ngdn ngu hieu qua ve mat ngi ham ciia tu ngu. Giai nghia tir giiip lam rd mat nghia ciia tir nhara dam bao ngudi hgc co the hilu tir va su dung tir mgt each chinh xac. Cd t h i ndi, radi quan he giiia tir diln va day hgc giai nghia ttr vi vay g i n k i t va cd y nghia c i p thilt trudc yeu ciu cao v l tinh chuan hda.
Nhit la ddi vdi thuat ngii - dan vi ngdn ngii" dac biet trong he thdng ngdn ngii ndi chung va tilng Viet ndi rieng, viec su dung tir diln thuat ngii rat quan trgng - do su quy djnh bdi tinh chinh xac va tinh rieng biet eua mdi chuyen nganh mang lai, mat khac do viec day hgc giai nghia thuat ngir chua thuc su dugc tilp can mgt each khoa hgc va cd he thong trong nha tmdng Tilu hgc.
2. NOI D U N G
2.L Khai quat ve tir dien thuat ngCr
Nlu tir diln dai dien cho mgt thii tu s i p x i p theo he thing mang tinh Id-gic va khai quat v l eac khia canh ciia tir (ngii phap, ngii nghia, each phat am...) va thuat ngii - bg phan
U6 T R U ^ , - •A N O I cua tir vimg noi chung dS bilu dat nliung khai niem xac dinh thupc he tli6ng :ihung Ichai niem cua mot nganh khoa hgc xac dinh; thi tir diln thuat ngir chinli la cong cu tta cmi ngon nga o do ngutri diing se tim dugc nliilng thong tin ca ban lien quan din mgt d6i tugng ngon ngu ciia mgt nganh klioa hgc nli4t dinh. Noi each khac, tir diln thuat ngii la mgt cuon tir diln chuyen nganh (khoa hgc, sinh hgc, lich sir, dia li...) phuc TO muc di'ch lam sang to hon nhung ttr chuyen biet ve nhChig nganh khoa hgc do.
Tir dien thuat ngii' co hai dang pho biln la true tuyln va truyin th6ng. Trong do, tir dien true tuyen tlie hien ro mgt so uu diem nhu su cap nliat vl lugng tii' va hinh tliu'c bl sung ngCr nghia, liinii anli mirth hga ciing nliu toe do ti-a cim. Tuy nhien, sur hien dai ciing doi hoi nhimg thiet bi thich hop de dap ixng nbu cau sir dung cua ngucri dimg. Cac truong Tieu hoc kh6ng han se co dieu kien va thai gian de hgc sinli su dung tir dien true tuyen tai lop hgc. Tir dien true tuyen dugc khuyen kiiich klii hgc sinh tir hgc va ngliien curu a nha.
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Tir diln truyin thong, chinh la cac ban in dugc sap xep theo thii tu xuit hien trudc sau cua bang ehir cai la tinh. Dilm manh eiia tir dien true tuyen cung ddng thdi la ban chi eua tir diln p-uyin thdng va ngugc lai. Do do, su ket hgp mdt each diing din ti-ong hgc tap va nghien cuu se tang kha nang thanh cdng trong viec hd trg day bgc ciia giao vien va su nahien cim cua giao vien vl thuat ngii trong chuang trinh Tieu bgc hien banh.
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(Nguon - Vu Thanh Khiit. Tie diin Vdt li ddnh cho hpc sinh - sinh viin) 1.1. Dac diem tam li hoc sinli Id'p 5
Muon xay dung mdt san pham can quan tam tdi ddi tugng ma san pham do hirdng den.
Vdi mue tieu ung dung tir diln thuat ngu trong ho trg day hgc cho hge sinh Idp 5, la mgt san pham mang tinh giao due cho ddi tugng dac thu, nhat thiet ddi hdi phai tim hieu dac diem nhan thue, tam li cita eac em lua tudi nay. Trong thuc te, cae san phara tif dien danh cho dii tugng hgc sinh Tilu hgc vdn cdn it, hoac nhiing san pham da cd cdn tdn tai nhiJng han che nhdt d;nh, chua thyc su phat huy hieu qua trong dng dung vdi viec hgc cua hgc sinh; hon nua tir dien tiiuat ngii cho hgc sinh Tilu hgc ciang la mgt pham tiu kha mdi me, vi vay mudn viec ung dung thuc sy dat hieu qua cin ehii y dap ung dugc nhiing dac diera, nhu cau cua ngudi hgc. Cin luu y, kliac vdi nhirng cudn tir dien chuyen nganh vd eac ITnh virc khoa hgc, tir diln diuat ngtr hd trg day hge hgc sinh ldp 5 khong ehi thien vl hudng tiep can dinh ngfaia ma khai quat han vl khai niem (dinh nghia, dac dilm, tinh chat) va hoan canh su diing tir.
Hgc sinh ldp 5 la bg phan hgc sinh thugc ldp cudi cip Tieu hgc, la lua tuoi da dugc tiep nlian mdt lugng kiln thuc khdng nhd cua cac mdn hgc tu ldp 1 den ldp 4, cac em da cd
148 II T R U L . . ^ ^ .NDI sy trudng thanh han han ve tam li va nhan thirc so vdi cac ldp dudi. Dilu nay tao ra nhung dieu kien thuan lgi trong day hgc ddi vdi giao vien, dac biet trong day hgc giai nghia thuat ngir va iing drag tir dien thuat ngir trong day hgc.
Nen tang co' ban giup viec sii dung thuat ngir dat dugc bieu qua U"ong hd ti"g day hge cliinh la nen tang ngfln ngd. Ddi vdi hgc sinli ldp 5, ngdn ngir eua em da phat trien va kha hoan thien ve mat ngti phap, chinh ta va ngir am. Bdi vay eac em cd the tiep diu hieu qua kien thuc va tham gia vao cac boat dgng ren kT nang, giao tiep khae nliau d tru'dng, ldp cung nhu phat n-ien kha nang ty hgc, tir kham pha qua nhieu kenh thong tin khac nhau. Vdi vdn tu vung tieng Viet kha phong phu, kha nang hieu nghTa tu, hay nang luc dgc hieu cua cae em da dugc phat trieri, thi viec sir dyng Tic diin thudt ngU trong day va hgc la phii hgp va can thilt bdi cac em hoan toan cd the su dung nang lyc ngdn ngtr cua minh de tu thue hien tra cim ti-ong tit dien.
Mac dii lugng thuat ngti trong chuang trinh Tieu hgc chua nhieu, hau bet la cac tu ca ban trong ITnh vyc, nganh khoa hgc nhung van ddi hdi cd su li giai phu hgp nham cbuSn hda hilu bilt vl tir cQng nhu dinh hudng y hieu diuig cho hge sinh trong hgc tap, nghien ciiu cac van ban klioa hgc ngay tur sdm. Dya ti'en nang luc ngdn ngir ciia lua tudi, trong viec chgn cac thuat ngii dk dua vao he thdng bang tir cua tir dien thuat ngii, cd the dua tren CO sd cac tir da cd yong chuong yinh hoac cd dil bd sung cac thuat ngu' cd lien quan phii hgp vdi nang lyc va nhu ciu ngon ngu cua cac em ma van dam bao phii hgp vdi muc tieu kiln tliirc mdn hgc hgc sinh can dat dugc; vira lam phong phii he tiidng thuat ngu eho eac em nhung cung Uauh dan cac thuat ngii xa xdi ti-uu tugng, nam ngoai vimg kien thdc ciia lua tudi.
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3 3 / 2 a i S 149 Ching ban trong cudn "Tzf dien thudt ngir lich .mphd thdng" cua GS Phan Nggc Lien, sau khi giai nghTa tii cdch mgng, tac gia da cung cap va giai nghia cac thuat ngu- lien quan nhu cdch mgng cdng nghiep, cdch mgng ddn chu tu sdn kieu mdi, cdch mgng dd mdi, cdch mgng ddn tpc ddn chii... nhu tren. Tuy nhien, vdi dung lugng ciia mdt cudn tir diln thuat ngir cho hgc sinh Tilu hgc, cu thi la ddi tugng hgc sinh Idp 5 va dimg de hd trg day hgc cac mdn hgc eu thi trong chuang tiinh (d day noi tdi mdn Lich sir), cin xem xet lira chgn ttr phil hgp, xem xet sd lugng tir dua vao sao cho phu hgp, de dam bao kich diudc tai lieu idiong bi qua "dd so" so vdi nhu cau eua lua tudi va boat ddng hgc tap mdn hgc.
Tu duy mang dam man sic xuc cam va eliiem uu till d tu duy h:uc quan hanh dgng ciing la dac dilm ndi bat ciia hgc sinh Tieu hgc. Kha nang khai quat hda dugc phat triln din theo lua tudi, do vay d giai doan cudi Tieu hgc, U-e da bat dau biet khai quat hda ly luan, tuy nhien cdn sa gian. Vi vay, Uong giai nghia tir, dac biet Uen pbuotig dien thuat ngu chuyen nganli mang tinli ban lam, can giup cac em tiep can khai nidm thuat ngu: theo con dudng dl hilu nhat, ben canh do, tdi da hda kha nang md ta bang hinh ve, tiyc quan iihim tao hung diu, ti'anh sy nliam chan, dan dieu ciia mgt ttr dien giai nghia thong thudng vdi tre. Bdi xet cho cimg, sy hap dan chu y doi vdi hgc sinh Tieu hgc, trudc tien den tir nhirng thir mdi rae, dep de va sinh dgng - dieu ma nhung cudn tu dien Ui diirc danh eho hgc sinh Tieu hgc hien nay cdn thieu sdt, trong khi do, nhieu cudn tir dien nude ngoai danh cho Ilia tuli Tilu hgc trong nude va tren thi gidi da khai thac va thyc hien rat tot dieu nay.
Dudi day la hinh anh cudn "Geography from A to Z: A picture glossary" cua Jack Knowlton:
Co thi diiy, viec huy ddng kenh hinli va kenh cha yong vide giai nghTa tir ed y nghTa quan trgng. Do vay thilt kl mgt cuon tir diln thuat ngu cd hip din danli eho Ida tuoi Tieu hoc yeu ciu cin cd sy nghien ctiu chuyen mdn vl ngbia tir ciing nhu sy sang tao trong minh hga tiye quan. Vdi eac tir cd kha nang mmii hga, can dugc tdi da boa sir dung.
150 II TRLfL.^w w ^ . . . - - N D I Vl tri nhd, d giai doan ldp 4, 5, cac em da bilt each ghi nhd cd chu dinh, nhung hieu qua cdn phy thude vao nhilu ylu to nhu muc do tich cue tap trung tri tue cua cac em, sue hap dan cita ngi dung tai lieu, yeu td tam li tinh cam hay hung thu ciia cac em ddi vdi ddi tugng ghi nhd. Vi vay, doi vdi tir diln thuat ngti vdn cdn mdi me vdi hge sinh Tieu hgc hien nay, can cd sy tiep can tren phucmg dien lugng tir va ndi dung mgt each phii hgp. Can xem xet nhiing tir ngii phii hgp, thudc chuang trmh hge tap, ciing nhu ed sy md rgng them mdt sd tir theo trudng nghTa, chu de nhim md rgng kiln thuc, nhung phai dam bao tinh vira siic; mat khac huy dgng vdn tir - dac biet nhtmg thuat ngii cae em da duge hinh dianh d cac khdi ldp dudi. Trong xay dung tic dien cho hgc sinh Tieu hgc, can dam bao lya chgn each giai ngbia ttr ngan ggn, de hieu, khdng nen tao ra cac mdi quan he thuat ngir trong thuat ngii ddi vdi viec hinh thanh khai niem, khiln cac em khd hilu, khd nhd. Lua chgn hinh thiic sap xep thuat ngii duge giai nghTa ed the theo bang chii cai tieng Viet, theo cac chii de da dugc thiet ke ciia mdn hgc, hoac ket hgp cung cap thuat ngtr dugc giai nghTa va cac tir lien quan Uong trudng tu vyng cua nd (chang ban khi giai nghTa ddi khi hau, cd the cung cip cac tir Hen quan hdn ddi, dn ddi, nhiet ddi...) la budng tiep can mang tinh khoa hgc giup hgc sinh di theo doi, Ua ciiu nhd su tuang thich giiia tir dien thuat ngii hgc tap vdi chuang yinh sach giao khoa hien hanh.
Nhin chung vai hgc sinh ldp 5, cac em khdng chi thyc hien cac yeu cau, nhiem vu dugc giao ma da hinh thanh nang lyc tu hgc d nhiing muc do nhat dinh, chii ddng yong hgc tap va kham pha. Bdi vay, dinh budng su dung tic dien thuat ngii eo y nghia quan trgng va cin thilt, dam bao phii hgp ve nang lyc ngdn ngti, tu duy trye quan tien tdi tu duy trim tugng, tri nhd eiing nhu tac phong hoat ddng dgc lap, tu chu.
2.3. Vai tro cua tk fliln thu^t ngu- trong hd tro* day hgc hoc sinh ldp 5 Quan dilm day hgc hien nay dugc dinh hudng chuyen tii tiep can ndi dung sang tiep can nang lyc ngudi hgc. Do vay tic chd quan tam den viec hgc smh hgc dugc cai gi da dugc thay ddi bing viec quan tam hgc sinh van dung dugc cai gi qua viec hgc. Khi dd, day hgc la day hgc sinh each hgc, each van dimg kien thiie, ren luyen kT nang, hinh thanh nang luc va phim chit. Sir dung tic diln thuat ngii frong day hgc la can thilt, bdi theo chiing tdi day dugc coi la mgt phuong thiie tilp can khae yong day hgc phat yiln nang luc hgc sinh bien nay dya tren mgt sd li do nhu sau:
Thu nhdt, tie diin thugt ngir Id cdng cu tra cuu, gidi nghia thugt ngie ddc luc. Tix diln cung cip lugng thuat ngii cin dimg trong day - hgc bao gdm viec cung cip tic, nghTa ciia tir, ngoai ra mgt sd thuat ngii ed the bao gdm sd lieu va eac su kien di kem. Ching ban, khi day vl chu dilm Con ngudi vd sue khde (Khoa hgc 5), tic diln thuat ngii cung cip nghTa cua thuat ngii "di ung" la sy qua nhay cam eua ca the ddi vdi cac tac nhan vo hai d mdi trudng. Ben canh dd cdn cung cip miic do va bieu hien ciia tung trang thai di ung dd: Ca
- - - • - ^ 3 3 / 2 a i g II 151
thi CO thi bilu Men d dang di img nhe hoac nang. Di iing nhe cd thi din din tinh trang mit do, nii not gay ngiia, khd thd. Tuy nhien neu di iing nang vdi cac tac nhan gay di img ca thi d mdi trudng, thyc phim hoac mgt sd loai thudc Uong y tl cd thi nguy hilm din tinh mang... Dieu nay giup hge sinh dugc chuan hda vd nghTa thuat ngii bdi ban thSn cac thuat ngu: khdng the chi hieu mgt each ndm na nhu cae tu ngO thdng thudng ma nd phai gin vdi cac dac trung ridng cua chuyen nganh do.
Tic dien cung cap lugng thuat ngy nhat dinh nhung cae tir dugc dam bao dat yong mgt he thong chat che dugc quy dinh bdi bang tir (sap xep theo quy tic bang chii cai) hoac chu dilm hoac theo timg bai hgc nhu phSn phdi chuang trinh cua timg mdn/ phan mon.
Thic hai, tie diin cung cdp vdn tic vdi muc dich hd trp cho dgy hpc. Cae tir dugc cung cip cd quan he chat che vdi ngi dung, chuang yinh giao due phd thdng. Thuat ngii dugc chgn phai dam bao thuc hidn mdt nhiem vu giao due ddi vdi ngudi hgc. Chang ban, Uong day va hgc Dia li, lihiem vu dd la lam rd hem ndi dung kien thuc, dap iing muc tieu day hgc: cac thuat ngii dua ra can phan anh dugc nhiing khai niem, ddi tugng tieu bieu yong pham vi ITnh vuc Dia li dugc ndi den trong mdi bai hgc. Vi du bai Khi hdu (Dia li 5) dd phuc vu eac hoat dgng nhan thiic yong bai hoc, can de cap den mdt sd thuat ngii nhu khi hdu, ddi khi hdu, gid mua, gid phon, nhiet ddi gid mua. El Nino, bien ddi khi hdu..., dd lam ro vd dac trung ndi bat cua khi bau Viet Nam va mdt sd van de cd tinh thdi sy lien quan ddn khf hau hien nay.
Nhu vay qua su dung tir diln thuat ngy, hgc sinh se lam quen vdi thuat ngii, khai nidm diuat ngir mgt each khoa hgc, ed he thing. Tucmg ty nhu vide bilu nghTa tix, hilu diuat ngti giup hgc sinh hilu dugc ndi dung van ban, cac thdng tin kien thtic ciing nhu cac nhiem vu dugc dl xuit; Uong su dung ngdn ngii mdn hgc, hgc sinh se bilt sir dung dung cac thuat ngii ehuyen mdn dl trinh bay, md ta, ddi chiiu, so sanh... vd cac ddi tugng hay vin dd dua ra. Ching ban, khi thuc hien ydu ciu md ta mdt sd net chmh vl kbi hau Viet Nam, hgc sinh cin phai hilu dugc khi hdu la gi, thuat ngii khi hdu khac vdi thdi tiit nhu the nao, tic dd ggi ten dugc dac didm khi hau nudc ta bing nhung tic ngii chuyen nganh nhu khi hau nhiet ddi dm gio mua, phan hda thanh bai miia rd ret; mua mua, miia khd; bilt su dung ngdn ngii Dia li dl phan tich va li giai su khac nhau vl khi hau giiia hai miln Bac - Nam dua tren cac ydu tl vl vi tri dia Ii, dia hinh (ching han chi ra dugc sy khac bidt kbi hau la do day Bach Ma chin ngang tao thanh ranh gidi khi hau...).
Tom lai, vai yd cung cip vdn tir cua tir didn dugc did bien qua vide hgc sinh nhan didn dugc chinh xac tdn ggi khoa hgc ciia tir, hilu ban chit cua vin dd ma nd phan anh.
Thic ba, tie diin gdp phdn hinh thdnh vd ren luyen thdi quen hpc tap tich cue. Thdi quen hgc tap tieh eye dugc bilu hien d hai phuang didn: hgc tap gin vdi khoa hgc va hgc tap vdi sy chu dgng.
152 II T R U l ^ : . — _j-^_^_^;_^»_-^_-.^nr-.ri..„-. ^ ^ N O I
Hoc tap gdn vdi khoa hpc do la dugc tidp xuc vdi ngii lieu khoa hgc giup hgc sinh budc dau lam quen vdi ngdn ngii mang tmh chinh xac va khach quan. Qua dd, cac em dan tich liiy duge vdn ngdn tir lam nen tang eho tu duy, phan tich, dien dat dam bio tmh be thdng (tuan ty) va logic. 6 giai doan 1945 - 1954, khi dit nudc ta dang ttong thdi ki bdo vi chinh quyin non tre, trudng ki khdng chien chdng thuc ddn Phdp, sach giao khoa Lich su
& Dia li 5 eiing da ehi ra: boat ddng md Idp hpc ddnh cho nhicng ngudi lan tudi ngodi gid lao ddng nham giiip dan ta vugt qua tinh the khd khan duge ggi ten la Idp Binh ddn hpc vu.
Hien nay, cac ldp hgc nham xda mil chii van dugc duy tri phan Idn tai cae tinh bien gidi hoac vung sau vimg xa, nhung khdng dugc ggi la ldp binh ddn hpc vu, vi ten ggi nay chi tdn tai ttong giai doan lich su kd tten. Nhu vay, khi hgc sinh tim hieu va ttinh bay ve eac van de van hda, xa hgi hoac giao due cd lidn quan ddn cac ldp hgc xda rau chii, can chii "y dat yong giai doan lich sir nao de sir dung chinh xac ten ggi khoa hgc cua ddi tugng dugc ndi ddn. Dieu nay la li do cho vide mac du sach giao khoa da cd quan tam dd cap giai nghTa mdt sd tir nam yong he thdng thuat ngii nhung van can cd mgt bang dan nhap cho cac thuat ngii duge sap xep theo he thdng tir dien dam bao day du ve thdi gian, ddi tugng va nguon gdc. Theo GS Phan Nggc Lien, thuat ngii Binh ddn hpc vu dugc hieu la "phong trdo xoa ngn mil chir trong todn ddn, do Chinh phii Viet Nam Ddn chd Cong hda phdt ddng theo Sdc lenh ngdy 8-9-1945" [4].
Nhu vay, kbi bgc sinh dugc ttai nghiem ttong mdi trudng khoa hge khach quan, tir hudng tu duy den vide tim bidu mgi y nghia cua tir deu phan anh theo gdc do chuyen mdn ban vi khi dd ddi tugng nhac den da dugc dat ttong mgt be thdng cy thd va hge sinh dugc lam viec vdi ngdn ngii ttong pham vi da dugc quy dinh dd. Tir dd giup ren luyen Idi tu duy he thing, nhin nhan tir ngii theo mdt chinh thd khong tach rdi (he thdng thuat ngii chuyen nganh). Didu nay eo nghTa la hgc sinh can dugc bidu va nam rd khdng chi tdn ggi ma cdn sy kien chinb xac lien quan gan nhat den thuat ngii do.
Hpc tap vdi su chii ddng. Sy chii ddng dugc bieu hidn ttong vide tir didn djnh hudng dugc each dat muc tidu va phuang phap hgc tap cua eac em. Mudn hge sinh ed sy chu ddng yong hgc tap, himg thii la mdt phin quan ttgng ma rtr didn thuat ngu phai khoi day dugc tic cac em. Ndi each khac, hgc sinh cd kha nang chu dgng ttong viec kham pha va luyen tap tti thirc mgt khi d cac em phai co dgng lyc hge tap tich cue.
Ltia tudi nay eac em ham hgc bdi va hting thii vdi nhidu dien bien xay ra yong cudc sdng. Tir diln thuat ngii ban than nd mang theo ten ggi, mang tinh hgc thuat khd cd kha nang xay dung sy hung thu cho hgc sinh. Do dd, hinh thiic tir didn thuat ngii hd ttg day - hgc cho hgc sinh liia tudi Tilu hgc lai mang nhiing uu diem dl kich thich hiing thii ciia hoc sinh: kich thudc, ndi dung, su tidn lgi va hinh thuc trinh bay. Thie nhdt, tir diln thuat ngti
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hd ttg giao vidn va hoc sinh Tidu hgc cd kich thudc nhd (do sy ban chd lugng kidn thuc dugc quy dinh theo cac chu didm ttong timg phan mon) nen thuEui lgi ttong cac boat dgng hoc tap cd tmh ddc lap, ca nhan. Thie hai, do la sy phii hgp vdi ttinh do dgc - hilu ciia hgc smh. Vi khi xay dung tir diln hd ttg hgc tap, ddi tugng dugc xac dinh dd la hgc sinh tidu hgc do vay cac ylu td di kem vd ngi dung, hinh thiic da dam bao dat dugc sy phii hgp nhit dinh, trong do cd ke din ttmh do dgc bidu - he thdng tic dugc cung cip va each dinh nghia chiing khdng gay khd khan cho ngudi hoc. Thu ba, chu dilm va ndi dung bai hgc chiia dung lugng kidn thtic khdng nhidu, chi ddi hdi d ngudi hgc nhiing nin tang kiln thuc ca ban, ban dau, tao dieu kidn eho vide ITnh hgi tti thiic d nbiing bac hgc cao han. Thic tu, dinh hudng xay dung, thilt kl tir dien thuat ngii hd ttg ttong day hgc Tidu hge se cd ylu tl mang hinh anh cdng hudng vdi sac mau, nhu mgt cudn Tii didn bach khoa giiip hinh anh hoa cac thuat ngii chuyen nganh vdn mang nhieu tfnh hgc thuat, giiip hgc sinh de hiing thii va duy tti himg thu ttong vide tim hidu va gcd md tim bidu sau do.
Sau khi dat dugc hiing thit eua hgc sinh bang hinh thiic bdn ngoai cua tir dien thuat ngu, hgc sinh se dugc dinh hudng ldi hgc tap chu dgng. Giao vien se dinh hudng cho cae em nhung thuat ngii se xuat hien d bai hgc tiep theo. Hge sinh dya vao nhiing thuat ngii duge xac dinh ttong sach giao khoa dd, kdt hgp tir didn thuat ngii h6 ttg mdn hge, cac em thd hidn su chu^ bi cua vide giai nghia tdn ggi khai niem do vao vd hudng dan hge (hinh thiic soan bai trudc khi den ldp), bdn canh cac tir ngii xuat hien ttong sach giao khoa. Do vky, vai ttd ren nang luc bgc tu chu cho hge sinh duge bidu hien thdng qua viec nd tao ca sd can thiet cho vide bgc sinh cd the thyc hidn cae boat ddng ty tta ciiu, tim hieu, chuan bi bai trude khi Idn ldp. Cac em tu giai nghTa cac thuat ngy ttgng tam de lam quen, tidp xiic va tun hidu ttudc bai hgc. Ddng thdi vdi cac thuat ngii dugc bd sung tten co sd dd xuat cua tac gia, hgc sinh cd thd ty tun hidu va quan tam ddn nhiing su kidn di kem khac ttong pham vi bai hgc dd dl ty md rdng kiln thirc, hilu bilt ca nhan. Vi du bai 6 Dia li 5 Bat vd rieng, hgc sinh dugc dinh hudng cac thuat ngu ddt phe-ra-Iit, ddt phii sa, rimg ram nhiet ddi, rung ngap man la nhiing thuat ngti da xuit hidn d ngii lieu eua sach giao khoa. Qua vide giai nghia cac thuat ngii neu yen, hgc sinh dugc dinh hinh ve cae ddi tugng dia li se duge dm hilu d bai do (day la qua trinh ty chuin bi bai d nha). Ngoai ra, vdi nhiing muc tir dd xuit them d Tir diln thuat ngy bao gdm xdi mdn ddt va xdm nhdp man, hgc sinh ddng didi dugc dinh hudng tim hilu, xay dyng kiln thiic xa hgi lidn he ddn tinh binh dat va rimg Viet Nam hidn nay; hgc sinh hilu nghia thuat ngii va tiln hanh tta ciiu, thu thap thdm thdng tin tij cac ngudn hgc lieu khac.
Nhu vay, dua ttdn su tieh cue, chii dgng, nhilu hgc sinh cd thi phat hidn duge moi quan tam va sd thich cua minh nhu mgt chuyen gia ddi vdi mdt ITnh vyc khoa hge xac dinh
154 II T R U t S i ^ ^ CT^rT:;^:-^: LT^ - ^ -^ N D I nhu Toan hgc, Ngdn ngu", Lich su, Dia li. Tin hgc... Cu thd, cd t h i dua ra gia thilt ring, sau ehu didm Con ngudi vd sue khoe (Khoa hgc 5), kbi hgc sinh da dugc tilp can cac thuat ngii v l con ngudi va tinh ttang co thi ndi chung, cac em se dat hiing thii tilp theo vao nhiing van dd d pham vi Idn han ve siic khde t h i chit va siic khde xa hdi. Tir dd, thuc day cac em tim hidu nhidu ban vd khoa hgc y te cho ban than va nhung ngudi xung quanh.
3 . K E T L U A N
Trudc sy phat ttien manh me cua cac nganh khoa hgc cdng nghe, va nbiing ydu cau cua ndn giao dye thdi dai mdi, viec xay dung Tir didn thuat ngy cho hge sinh Tieu hgc cd y nghia quan ttgng. Nhiing nghien ciiu da cd vd thuat ngii va tic dien thuat ngii cua cac tae gia trong nudc va qudc te la nen tang li luan viing chac de nhdm tac gia tiep tuc hudng di xay dyng, thidt kd tur didn thuat ngy hd ttg cho hgc sinh Tidu hgc. Sit dyng Tir dien thuat ngir trong day hgc cd y nghia tich eye phat yien ngudi hgc vd kien thirc, nang lyc sir dung ngdn ngtt, ciing nhu dap img nhiing tidu chi nhat dinh theo quan diem day hgc dinh hudng phat ttiln nang lyc hien nay. Tir didn ndi chung va tir didn thuat ngii ndi rieng la tai lieu tham khao, ho ttg hgc tap, dinh hudng ty hoc eao. Vi vay, giao vien khong chi hinh thanh thdi quen sir dung tir didn cho hgc sinh yong cac tidt hgc ttdn ldp bang cac hoat dgng cu thd ma ddng thai can khuyen khich qua yinh ty nghien ciiu, tim hidu d nha dk tao thoi quen eiing nhu phat huy gia tti cua tic dien thuat ngii ddi vdi ngudi hge.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O
1. Bg Giao due va Dao tac (2009), Sdch gido khoa Khoa hpc 5, - Nxb Giao due.
2. Bg Giao due va Dao tao (2009), Sdch gido khoa Lich sic vd Dia li 5, - Nxb Giao due.
3. Mai Thi Loan (2011), "Thong nhat cac yeu cau ciia mgt thuat ngtr chuan", - Tap chi Khoa hgc - Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Ngi, Ngoai ngii 27 (2011) 53-66.
4. Phan Nggc Lien (Chu bien) (2009), Tie dien thugt ngie Lich sic phd ihong, - Hgi Giao due Lich sir (thugc Hgi Khoa hgc Lich sOr Viet Nam), Khoa Lich sir ttudng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Noi Nxb Dai hgc Quoc Gia Ha Ngi.
5. Bamhart, C.L. (1966), The American College Dictionary, - New York: Random House.
6. Keating, P. (1979), Indeks en sinonieme, - Die Taalpraktisyn 2: 38-41.
7. Sager, luan C. (1990), A Practical Course in Terminology Processing, - John Benjamins Publishing Company in Amsterdam/Philadelphia.
8. Zgusta, L. (1971), Manual of Lexicography, - The Hague: Academia.
9. Wikipedia: https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E 1%BB%AB__%C4%91 i%E 1 %BB%83n
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THE ROLE OF USING TERMINOLOGY DICTIONARY FOR SUPPORTING THE FIFTH GRADE 5 STUDENTS IN STUDYING
Abstract: Viemamese terminology has been formed and developed for over a century. The term itself has shown an extremely importcmt meaning to the life of science, technology, education as well as the general development of the whole society. Currently.
terminology and terminology dictionary dhe glossary of term) are increasingly focused on development For elementary students, standardizing their terminology is necessary.
The article highlights the important role of lerminology with students. Not only contributing to expanding their knowledge about a special object in the Vietnamese vocabulary system, expanding their understanding of each field, specialized science to meet social needs; but using the terminology in learning also brings many practical mecmings in the development of learners. Develop learners about language competencies and ways of leaming and thinking in science.
Keywords: Role, dictionary, terminology, term, terminology dictionary dhe glossary of term), support leaching, students, grade 5.
