VAI TRO CUA GIAO DUC - DAO TAO TRONG PHAT TRIEN NGUON NHAN LlTC DAP iTNG YEU CAU PHAT TRIEN KINH TE - XA HOI Cf NU^OfC TA HIEN NAY
Ho T h i H a ' '
'*' Thac si, Trudng Dgi hpc Can Tha.
Email: [email protected].
Tom t i t : Giao due - dao tao ddng vai fro la nln tang, la dgng luc frong vifc dao tao, bii duang, phdt trien tri tuf, phim chit, thi lyc va nang lyc ciia con ngudi dl tii dd, phat trien nguon nhdn luc, nhit la nguon nhan lyc chat lugng cao, nham phyc vy cho sy phat frien kinh te - xa hgi cua mdi quoc gia, dan too. Bai viet nay tap tmng phdn tich vai frd dd ciia giao dgc - dao tgo frong phdt frien ngudn nhan lyc nhim dap ung yeu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hpi d nude ta hifn nay.
Tir kh6a: Giao due - dao tao, nln tang, dgng luc, phdt trien nguon nhan lyc.
Gido due va dao tao ddi vdi sy phdt frien xa hgi mang mdt sii menh cao ed do Id "frdng ngudi". Khdc vdi cac ITnh vyc kinh te, ehinh tri, van hda, gido due va dao tgo vdi phuang thiic chu yeu Id ITnh hdi vd truyen dgt nhiing kinh nghifm ciia nhan logi da dugc sdng tgo nen frong lich sir chinh id each thirc co ban de giu gin, phd bien, phdt trien van hda, dao tgo nen nhiing con ngudi cd tri thiic vd trinh do chuyen mdn cao, cd y thiic, pham chat dao diic cao dep, the chat lanh mgnh de tir dd, tgo ra ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao phuc vy hifu qud cho sy phat trien kinh te - xa hgi cua mdi qudc gia, mdi dan tgc.
Cac nhd sdng lap ehii nghia Mdc - Lenin khi ddnh gid ve vai frd eiia giao dye da
ludn coi giao dye Id phuong tifn quan frgng de gido dye va dao tao con ngudi frong sy nghifp xay dung xa hgi mdi.
C.Mac vilt: "Giao dye Id mgt bg phgn cua kiln tiTic thugng ting, la cdng cy truyen bd y thiic he tu tudng, la phugng tien ddo tgo eon ngudi cho xa hgi, truyen bd siie mgnh tinh thin"' Vdi quan diem do, V.I.Lenin khang dinh: "Cdng vifc tien hanh difn khi hda todn qudc chi cd the thyc hifn fren co sd mdt nen hgc van hien dai, nen hgc vdn md thieu nd thi chu nghia cdng san van chi la mgt nguyfn vgng md thdi"^.
' C.Mdc vd Ph.Angghen (1995), Todn tgp, t.3, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia. Ha Npi, tr.66.
^ V.I.Lenm (1978), Todn tgp, t.41, Nxb Tien bf, Matxcova, tr.364-365.
82
HO THI HA Trdi qua lich sii dau tranh dyng nude
va giir nude ciia dan tgc, dng cha ta tir xa xua cung nit ra bdi hgc lich su sau sac:
"HiSn tai la nguyan khi cua qudc gia, nguyen khi thinh thi the nude manh ma hung thinh, nguyen khi suy thi the nude yeu md thdp hen. Vi the cdc bac de vuong thanh minh khdng ddi nao khdng coi vifc gido due nhan tdi, ken chgn ke sT, vun tiong nguy§n khi qudc gia lam cdng vifc can thiet"^.
Hd Chi Minh, vdi sy hiiu bilt sdu sdc ve vai frd quan trgng cua gido dye ddi vdi vifc dao tgo vd phdt trien eon ngudi, bdng sy diic ket kinh nghifm thuc tien phong phii vd sinh ddng, da chi ro sii mfnh cua giao due la: "Hgc de lam vifc, ldm ngudi, lam cdn bg. Hgc de phung sy dodn the, giai cap va nhan dan, Td qudc va nhan logi"^. Thdm nhuan tu tudng do, frong cdng cugc ddi mdi todn difn ddt nude.
Dang vd Nhd nude ta da ludn quan tam den phat frien giao due vd ddo tgo, khang dinh: "Gido due vd ddo tgo cd sii menh ndng cao dan tri, phdt trien ngudn nhan lyc, bdi dudng nhan tai, gdp phdn quan frgng phdt trien dat nude, xdy dung nen van hda va con ngudi Vift Nam. Phat trien gido dye vd dao tao cimg vdi phdt trien khoa hgc vd cdng nghf la qudc sdch hdng dau; ddu tu cho giao due va ddo tgo la dau tu phdt trien"*
Cd thi ndi, vai frd cua gido due vd ddo tao ddi vdi sy phat trien ngudn nhdn lyc,
ve thuc chat, la tgo nen sy phdt triln cd vl sd lugng, chat lugng va co ciu ngudn nhan lyc mgt each hgp ly frong timg nganh, tiing ITnh vyc va trong cd nln kinh te ciia qudc dan; Id nhim nang cao hifu qua sir dyng ngudn nhdn lye ciing nhu mgi ngudn lyc eua mgt qudc gia vd ddp iing ngdy cang cao sy phat trien bin viing kinh te - xa hdi. Gido due vd dao tgo chinh Id nen tdng va dgng lye phdt friln ngudn nhdn luc.
Tru&c hit, gido due - ddo tgo ddng vai trd Id nen tdng de phdt trien ngudn nhdn luc. Vai frd ndy dugc the hien frong tiing yeu td cau thdnh ngudn nhdn lyc xet d ca khia cgnh sd lugng ldn chat lugng.
Khi ndi den sd lugng ngudn nhan lyc tiic la ndi den tdng sd lyc lugng lao dgng dang va san sang tham gia vao qua trinh phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi, dugc quy djnh bdi quy md dan sd (sd lugng dan, mgt dg dan sd, tdc do tang dan sd) va lyc lugng lao dgng (co cdu tudi, gidi tinh, phan bd lao ddng theo lanh thd vd theo ITnh vyc ngdnh nghe). Giao dye vd ddo tao tao ra ngudn nhan lyc dap ling tieu ehi biet va hiiu de lam viee, gdp phdn tgo ra mdt lyc
^ Lien hifp cac Hpi khoa hpc va ky thuat B3c Giang (2013), Thdn Nhdn Trung - "Hien tdi Id nguyen khi Quoc gia", Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia. Ha Npi, tr.9.
'' H6 Chi Minh (2011), Todn tap, t.6, Nxb Chinh tri QuIc gia. Ha Npi, tr.SO.
' Dang Cpng san Viet Nam (2011), Vdn kifn Dai hoi dgi biiu todn Quoc ldn thir XI, Nxb Chinh tn Quoc gia, Ha Npi, tr.77.
lugng lao ddng dii tiinh do dl tuang tac frong qud trinh cdi tgo ty nhien va xa hdi.
Vdi tu cdch chii the eiia qua trinh san xuat, ngudi lao dgng phdi ed kiln thiic dl biet vd hieu minh cd the lam gi va khdng the lam gi, tir dd van dyng nhirng kien thiic vdo thyc tien de phuc vu cho qua frinh sdn xuat va cdi tgo xa hgi. Sy tien bg cua khoa hgc vd cdng nghf nhu hifn nay ludn ddi hdi ham lugng fri thiic ddi vdi mdi san pham dugc san xuat ra phdi ngdy cdng cao vd tinh xdo mdi cd the tdn tai va cgnh tranh dugc vdi the gidi. Dieu ndy ddi hdi ngudi lao dgng phdi cd mgt trinh do nhat dinh mdi ed the lam chu dugc khoa hgc va cdng nghf, ldm chu dugc qua trinh san xudt. Do do, neu chi dung lai d viec ddo tgo sd lugng ngudn nhan lyc thi khdng the ndo ddp ung dugc yeu cau da dgng va phong phii ciia cdc nganh kinh te mui nhgn vdi tu each ddn bdy de thitc day nen kinh te vd phdt trien xa hgi. Dieu nay ddi hdi chiing ta phdi quan tam han niia den chat lugng ngudn nhan lye.
Chat lugng ngudn nhan lyc la frgng thai nhat dinh the hifn mdi quan hf giua cac yeu td cau thanh ban chdt ben frong ciia ngudn nhan lye, bao gdm cdc yeu td ve the lyc, tri lyc (cac yeu td thugc ve gido due vd ddo tgo) vd cdc yeu td thugc ve y thiic xa hgi (pham chdt dgo diie, nhdn each, truyen thdng van hda...). Chdt lugng ngudn nhdn lyc chinh Id trinh do
ciia nang lyc till chit va nang lyc rinh than ciu thdnh nen lyc lugng lao dgng xa hgi. Chit lugng ngudn ididn lyc the hien rd frinh do phdt triln kinh tl - xa hgi eua mgt qudc gia ciing nhu chit lugng cugc sdng ciia dan cu hay miic do van minh cita mgt xa hdi.
Gido dye va ddo tgo phdt trien ldm cho ky nang lao dgng, khd nang td chiic, qudn ly vd hifu qud lao ddng ciia ngudi lao dgng tang len, cua cdi tao ra ngdy cdng nhieu, vd qua dd thiic ddy eac nganh kinh te, djch vu phdt trien, dan den sy thay ddi co cau ngudn nhan lyc theo chieu hudng phdt trien da dang giiia cdc vung, cac nganh kinh te, cac ITnh vyc, giiia cdng nghiep, ndng nghifp, lam nghifp, ngu nghiep vd djch vu, giua thanh thi vd ndng thdn, giiia cac nen kinh te phdt trien vdi cdc nen kinh te chdm phdt trien. CJ Vift Nam, de tien hanh cdng nghifp hda va hifn dai hda, hgi nhdp qudc te frong dieu kien kinh te - xa hdi cdn chgm phdt trien, pham chat va nang lyc ngudn nhan lyc cdn yeu kem, trinh do khoa hgc va cdng nghf chua cao, van de ddi mdi can bdn, toan difn gido dye va ddo tgo de qua dd phdt trien todn dien ngudn nhan lyc thyc sy la
"qudc saeh hdng dau".
Ndng cao chit lugng ngudn nhan lyc chinh Id sy tang cudng sdc manh, ky nang boat dgng sdng tgo ciia ndng lyc thi chit vd nang lye tinh thin lyc lugng lao 84
HO THI HA ddng len din trinh do nhit dinh, phuc vu
cho sy phat friln kinh tl - xa hdi cua mgt qudc gia trong mgt giai doan nhat dinh.
Vai frd nln tdng ciia giao dye va dao tao ttong sy phat trien chat lugng ngudn nhdn lyc dugc the hifn tr6n cdc phuang difn sau day:
Thu nhdt, giao dye vd ddo tao quyet dinh sy hinh thanh va phat trien he thdng cdc nang lyc, phdm chdt cua con ngudi, bao gdm fri thiie, trinh do chuyen mdn, nghifp vu; ky nang, ky xdo; phdm chdt dgo dire; tinh than, ky luat lao dgng, y thiie cdng dan. Tir do hg cd nhiing kien thirc nhat dinh dh cd the tryc tiep lao dgng hoac tham gia thi trudng lao dgng, ty do cgnh tranh va dgt dugc nang suat, hifu qud cao. Gido dye vd dao tgo cdn Idm tang ngudn nhan Iyc cd trinh do, day nhanh qua trinh ddi mdi cdng nghe, ky thudt nham phdt trien con ngudi todn dien.
Thu hai, gido due vd ddo tao la yeu td CO bdn de nang cao ty If lao dgng qua dao tgo chuyen mdn - ky thugt nham tao ra ngudn nhan Iyc chat lugng cao cho phat trien kinh te, gdp phdn quyet dinh frong vifc nang cao trinh do van hda cho ngudi lao dgng, la tien de de tiep thu nhiing thdnh tyu khoa hgc, ky thuat, cdng nghf tien tiln, phat huy tinh sdng tgo frong lao dgng san xuat. Trong nen kinh te hien dai - kinh tl tri thuc, vai frd chit dao, quyet dinh nang lye cgnh franh la d hdm lugng
khoa hgc va cdng nghe, do vdy giao due va ddo tao cdng cd vai frd then chdt frong vifc dao tao vd phdt trien ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao.
Gido due - ddo tgo cdn ddng vai trd Id dpng luc thuc day su phdt trien nguon nhdn liec. Vdi myc tieu vd sii menh cua minh, gido due - ddo tao cd vai frd phdt huy va nang tam ngudn nhan lyc de tgo nen budc dot pha cho qua trinh sdn xudt va phdt trien xa hdi.
Tai nguyen thien nhien, ngudn vdn, dat dai, khoa hgc - cdng nghe vd ngudn nhan lyc Id cdc ngudn lyc co ban cho sy tdn tai va phdt trien cua mdi qudc gia dan tgc. Mdi ngudn Iyc cd mgt vi tri, vai frd nhat dinh frong sy phdt trien xa hgi frong do, ngudn nhan Iyc ludn d vi tri trung tam, giir vai frd quyet dinh ddi vdi sy phat frien kinh te - xa hdi, bdi ehi cd tri tuf cua con ngudi mdi cd the lam thay ddi, dieh chuyen vd phat huy cdc ngudn luc khac ttong xa hgi theo nhiing chieu hudng khae nhau, khdng cd tri tue con ngudi thi nhung nguon lyc khae ehi tdn tai d dgng tilm nang ma thdi.
Sy phat ttiln ngdy cdng hifn dgi cua ddi sdng xa hgi, dgc biet Id sy phdt trien mgnh me cua khoa hgc - cdng nghe, quy trinh san xudt ngay cang chat che, ddi hdi ngudi lao dgng phdi cd ttinh do cao dl ddp img nhirng yeu cau ma xa hdi dat ra ciing nhu du ky nang de sir dung, dieu khiln nhiing cdng cy hifn dai iy. Mat 85
khdc, cdc ngudn lye khdng phdi Id vd tan, nen cdn phai sir dyng mdt each hgp ly, phai biet ket hgp chiing lgi vdi nhau de phat huy cao nhdt hifu qud md chimg cd dugc, dgc biet Id de tranh ldm dnh hudng den mdi trudng, ddm bdo sy phdt trien ben viing, chiing ta cdn phdt huy tdi da ngudn lyc con ngudi de thay the dan cdc ngudn lyc khdc. Ben cgnh dd, do sy chuyen dich ea edu ciia cdc thdnh phan kinh te, qud trinh do thi hda ngdy cang manh me, sy xuat hifn cua nhung ngdnh, nghe mdi, ngudi lao dgng cd nhu cau nang cao mire thu nhap de the hien gia tri ciia ban than, nen nhu cau ddo tao ngudn nhan Iyc cang khat khe va chuyen nghiep hon ca ve sd lugng va chat lugng.
Ngudn luc eon ngudi chi phat huy dugc the mgnh ciia minh, ddp img dugc yeu cau ngay cdng cao cua sy phdt frien kinh te - xa hdi khi ngudn lyc ay dugc gido due va ddo tgo chuyen sdu, khdng nhiing ddp img yeu cau ve chat lugng, ma cdn phai dam bdo dii ve sd lugng, do dd giao dye va dao tgo vira ddng vai frd la dieu kifn can, vira ddng vai frd la dieu kifn dii de tgo nen ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao dap iing yeu cau phat trien ciia xa hdi.
Trong bdi cdnh hgi nhgp qudc te ngdy cdng sdu rgng, viec phat trien ngudn nhdn lyc can phdi dii ve sd lugng, cao ve chat lugng de vira cd kha nang tham gia vdo
qua trinh van hanh ciia cac chudi gia tri todn ciu, vira phdt tiriln ddt nude ben vung. Do vgy, su phdt tiiln ngudn nhan lyc can dap iing yeu edu phdt trien can bang hon giiia cdc vimg mien, xudt phat tvr yeu eau giii viing dn dinh chinh tri, bao dam an nmh, qudc phdng de phdt trien ddt nude. Trong tiln trinh day mgnh cdng nghiep hda, hifn dai hda va hgi nhgp qudc te d nude ta hien nay, phdt triln ngudn nhan lyc dugc coi la mgt frong ba khau dgt phd ciia chien luge chuyen ddi md hinh phdt trien kinh te - xa hgi ciia ddt nude; frd thanh nen tang phdt triln bin vung vd tang lgi the canh tranh qudc gia, gdp phin ddp ling yeu eau phdt triln kinh tl - xa hgi frong nude va qudc te hifn nay.
Theo cac nhd sdng lap chu nghTa Mdc, nhung tri thiic do gido dye mang lai Id vu khi ky difu de quan chung ty gidi phdng minh vd phdt trien todn dien mpi khd nang ciia minh, thdng qua dd gdp phan thiic day phdt trien xa hgi: "Cdng tdc gido due se lam cho nhiing ngudi tre tudi ed khd nang nam viing nhanh ehdng toan bd he thdng sdn xuat trong thye tiln, lam cho hg cd the lan lugt chuyen tu ngdnh san xudt ndy sang nganh sdn xudt ng tuy theo nhu cdu ciia xa hgi hoac tiiy theo sd thich eua ban than hg. Do dd, cdng tac giao dye se lam cho hg thoat khdi tinh trgng mgt chieu ma sy phdn cdng lao dgng hien nay dang bugc
HO THI HA moi mgt ngudi phdi theo"^. Nhgn thiie rd
vai trd dgng lyc ciia gido due vd ddo tao ddi vdi sy phdt triln eon ngudi, trong Thu gui hpc sinh khi dat nude dgc lgp, Hd Chi Minh da khang dinh: Nen gido dye Vift Nam se ddo tao cdc em nen nhiing ngudi cdng dan hiiu ich cho nude Vift Nam. Nen gido dye do gdp phin phat trien toan difn nhiing nang lyc san cd cua cdc em.
Phdt trien ngudn nhan lyc ttong bdi cdnh qudc te hifn nay dang dat ra cho chiing ta nhung yeu cau, nhu phai cd dii nhdn Iyc de cd kha nang tham gia vao qud frinh toan cau hda vd hgi nhap qudc tl;
ngudn nhdn lyc phdi cd nang lyc thich iing vdi tinh trang ngudn tai nguyen thien nhign ngay cang khan hiem va sy khdng dn dinh cua cdc ngudn dau tu tai chinh; ed khd nang de ra eac giai phap gia tang co hgi phdt trien ttong dieu kien thay ddi nhanh chdng ciia cdc the he cdng nghe, tuong quan siic manh kinh te giiia cdc khu vyc; nhan lyc nude ta phdi dugc dao tgo de cd khd nang tham gia lao ddng d nude ngodi do tinh ttang thieu lao dgng d nhieu qudc gia phdt trien de phat huy lgi the eua thdi ky dan so vdng, ddng thdi cd dii nang lyc de tham gia vdi cgng ddng qudc te gidi quyet nhiing van de mang tinh khu vyc va toan ciu. Vdi nhiing yeu cau do, vifc nang cao chat lugng ngudn nhan lyc chinh Id dieu kien de phat trien ben viing vd gia tang lgi the cgnh franh qudc gia frong qua
trinh todn cau hda vd hdi nhgp kinh tl qudc tl nhu hien nay. Vi vay, gido due vd dao tao can phdi tao ra cdc ddng lyc dl thiic diy cdc ylu td ciu thanh nen chit lugng ngudn nhdn lyc, nhu nang lye tinh thin, nang lyc thi chit, trinh do chuyen mdn ky thugt, pham chit dao diic, y thiic td chiic, ky luat lao dgng mdt each nhanh chdng vd kip thdi. Bdi le, tri lyc hay nang lye tinh than ciia ngudn nhdn lyc la tieu chi quan frgng nhat frong cdc tieu ehi danh gid ve chat lugng ngudn nhan lyc. Tri lye cua ngudn nhan lyc bieu hien d trinh do hgc van, trinh do chuyen mdn ky thudt, ky nang nghe nghifp cua lyc lugng lao dgng xa hgi. Gido due vd ddo tgo tgo ra dgng lyc thiic ddy tri Iyc cua con ngudi phat frien nhdm hifn thyc hda nang lyc sang tao, khd ndng dp dung mdt each thanh thgo, chuyen nghiep nhimg thanh tyu khoa hgc - ky thudt, nhiing cdng nghf tien tien, hifn dgi, khd nang tiep thu va xu ly thdng tin kip thdi, chinh xdc.
Gido dye vd ddo tgo cdn nang cao khd nang bien tri thiie cua ngudi lao ddng thanh ky nang, ky xdo, bien tri thirc thdnh cdng nghf va ky nang lao dgng nghe nghifp, biet nghien ciiu, thiet ke, sang tgo, ling dyng vd phat trien, ddo tao, bdi duong vd lya chgn cdc gidi phap hgp ly de phat trien kinh the - xa hdi. Trinh do hgc van Id tieu chi diu tien ddnh gia tri lyc ciia ngudn
* C.Mac va Ph Angghen (1995), Todn tdp, t.4. Nxb Chinh tri QuIc gia. Ha Npi, tr.475.
nhdn luc, bdi nd the hien sy hiiu bilt cua ngudi lao ddng vl nhung kiln thiic ty lihien vd xa hgi. Trinh do hgc vin dugc cung cap thdng qua hf thdng gido dye vd dao tao d nhieu hinh thiic khdc nhau, qua qua trinh ty hgc va hgc sudt ddi ciia ngudi lao dgng, thudng dugc the hifn qua cdc chi sd, nhu sd lugng ngudi biet chii va mu chii; ty le di hgc chung theo cdc cap hgc, ty If di hgc diing tudi... nhiing tieu chi nay phdn dnh tuong ddi chinh xdc trinh dg hgc van ciia ngudn nhan lye nude dd. Cho nen, ndi den trinh do hgc van ciia dan cu Id ndi den trinh do ddn tri cua qudc gia.
Trinh do chuyen mdn ky thugt la sy hieu bidt. Id kien thuc, kha nang thyc hdnh ve mgt chuyen mdn ndo do, ciing nhu kha nang dam duong mgt chiic vy ndo do frong quan ly, ttong kinh doanh hogc ttong cdc hogt ddng nghe nghifp. Trinh do chuyen mdn ky thuat cd dugc nhd ddo tgo d cdc trudng chuyen nganh frong he thdng gido dye qudc dan, nhu dao tgo nghe, trung hgc chuyen nghifp, cao dang, dgi hgc va sau dgi hgc dugc ddo tgo, dugc frang bi ky nang thuc hdnh ve mdt cdng vifc nao dd va dugc the hien thdng qua cdc chi tieu so sdnh nhu: Sd lao dgng dugc ddo tgo va lao ddng phd thdng, sd ed bang ky thudt va khdng cd bang ky thudt, trinh do tay nghe dugc ddnh gid qua cdc khung bgc, v.v..
Ngdy nay, tri lyc ddng vai frd quyet dinh trong sy phdt trien ngudn nhan lyc.
song siie mgnh tri tuf eiia con ngudi chi cd thi phdt huy dugc lgi thi tren nen the lyc khoe manh. Giao dye vd ddo tao tgo ddng lyc thiie diy sy phdt triln the lyc eiia con ngudi. Phdt triln gido dye va dao tgo khdng chi quylt dinh trinh do van hda, chuyen mdn ky thugt, pham chat dgo due, tinh thin, thai do ciia ngudi lao ddng, ma cdn gdp phin ren luyf n the chat con ngudi, tdc ddng din siic khde ciia con ngudi, giiip con ngudi phat trien toan dien nang lyc ciia minh, nhu Ph.Angghen khang dinh: "Ldm cho nhiing thdnh vien trong xa hdi dd ed kha nang sii dyng mgt each todn difn nang Iyc phdt trien toan difn cua minh"' Ben canh do, sy phdt trien ve the lyc cho ngudn nhdn lyc cdn lien quan den vifc giao due y thiic cham sdc siic khde cho con ngudi, bdi cham sdc siic khoe la mgt nhifm vy rdt co bdn de ndng cao chat lugng ngudn nhan lyc, tao tien de phdt huy cd hifu qua tiem nang con ngudi. Mdi quan hf giiia siic khde vd phdt trien kinh te - xa hgi Id mdi quan he hai chieu, bdn than su phat trien kinh te - xa hdi cd tac dgng cdi thifn dieu kien siic khde vd ngugc lai, sdc khde dugc cdi thifn se gdp phan nang cao chat lugng ngudn nhan lyc, phdt triln kinh te - xa hgi.
Phdt ttien kinh te - xa hgi vdi trinh dp ngdy cdng cao, nen sdn xuit ddi hdi ' C.Mac va Ph.Angghen (1995), Todn tgp, t.4, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia, H^ Npi, tr.475.
HOTHIHA ngudi lao ddng phai cd the lyc vd tint
than tdt, ed siic chiu dung deo dai, tir do mdi dap iing tdt qud trinh san xuat lien tuc, keo dai; chiu dyng dugc dp lyc cang thang ciia cdng viec, cua nhip do cugc sdng; tim tdi, sang tgo ra cac tri thiic mdi vd vat hda nd thdnh san pham cd ich cho todn xa hdi.
Giao dye va dao tgo cdn cd tac dung to ldn frong vifc hinh thanh d mdi ca nhan thS gidi quan khoa hgc, nhan sinh quan diing dan, phu hgp vdi chuan myc xa hgi.
Do dd, giao due vd dao tao chinh la ySu td xa hdi tdc dgng tryc tiep den sy hinh thanh nhan each va nang lyc rieng eua ngudi lao dgng thdng qua pham chat dgo due vd trinh do van hda.
Trong thdi dgi cdch mang khoa hgc vd cdng nghf, ddy manh cdng nghifp hda, hifn dgi hda, phdt frien kinh te thi tnrdng, toan cau hda vd hgi nhap qudc te, ben cgnh nhirng yeu td tich eye, nhu tao ddng lyc de ngudi lao ddng tham gia qua trinh dao tgo vd ty ddo tao; cd dieu kifn giao Iim, tiep thu, hgc hdi frinh do khoa hgc, cdng nghe va trinh do td chirc quan ly san xuat tien tien, nang dgng, sang tgo, thich ling nhanh vdi qua frinh giao luu, hgi nhgp vd hgp tdc, phdn cdng lao dgng qudc te, day manh va da dang hda cac hogt dgng rim kiem vifc ldm, tang nhanh thu nhgp tii viec lam. Mac dii vdy, frong bdi canh nay eiing xuat hifn khdng it cac ylu td tieu eye lam tha hda ldi sdng, dgo
diic, nhan each vdn rat tdt dep ciia mdi dan tgc.
Mat frdi cua nln kinh kl thi trudng da ldm nay sinh khdng it tf nan xa hgi. Cac te ngn xa hdi ndy da dang vd se lam cho khdng it ngudi, nhit la lao dgng fre da dugc dao tgo quen dan nghIa vu vd frdeh nhiem cua minh ddi vdi dan tdc va dit nude. Vi vgy, gido dye vd ddo tao cin nhic nhd va truyln tai, luu lai nhung gia tri van hda truyen thdng frong sdn xuit, kinh doanh, xdy dyng mgt nen van hda tien tien, dam da ban sac dan tgc gdp phan nang cao chat lugng ngudn nhdn lyc frong qua trinh cdng nghifp hda, hifn dgi hda, phat trien nen kinh te - xa hgi d nude ta hien nay.
Tdm lai, cung vdi cac yeu td, cac linh vyc khac, gido dye - dao tao la nen tang, dgng lyc cho sy phdt trien kinh te - xa hgi eiia dat nude; la qua trinh xay dyng eon ngudi phdt trien todn difn vd phat huy tdt nhat tiem nang sang tao eiia mdi ca nhan. Khdng ehi the, giao dye - ddo tgo cdn hudng con ngudi den nhiing gid tri chan - thifn - my va tham nhuin tinh than ddn tgc, nhdn van, dan chii vd khoa hgc. Do vay, ehiing ta cd thi khang dinh gido dye - dao tgo da tgo ra ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao vdi nhiing ylu td co bdn de phat trien lyc lugng sdn xuat, nang cao chat lugng cugc sdng, gdp phan xay dyng xa hgi ngdy cang van minh, hien dgi. d
