r
i fieu hull Put ly, DIU C lieil vd Dia vdt ly Bien
TAC DONG CUA DAP T H U O N G NGUON DEN DONG VA QUV DINH D U O N G NITO VA PHOTPHO TRONG N U O C CAC VUNG
CUA SONG VEN BO" BAC BO
Nguyen Diic Cir, Nguyen Diic Toim, .Nguyen \ iin Thuc, Vu Duy VTnli Vien 'I ai nguyen va Moi truong bien
246. Da Nang. Ngo Qu\en, llai Phong Email : eund'f7iiner.ae.Mi Tom tiit:
Dui ven hd Bite Bd ed hai viing cua sdng ldn Id viing pheu Bach Dung vd chdu diil Sdng Hdng ducrc hinh thdnh vu phdl tnen lir hi' thdng Sdng lli'mg vd .sdng Thdi Binh Cite ddng dinh dudng N vd P cuu heu hii thong Sdng liong vd sdng Thdi Binh lir luc diu dira ra qua chin cua sdng Dd Bgch. Lach Trciy, Cuu Cdm. I 'un Uc. Thdi Binh. Tru Ly. Ba Lett. Ninh Ca vd Cwu Ddy Quy dinb dirong .\' vu P cuu cdc viing ciea sdng ven bcr Bdc Bd ludn diarc can bung vdi vimg bien Vinh Buc Bd beri die ddng dinh duang lir luc dia. ddng liao ddi ru phiu bien, ddng len phia Bdc vd dirng xiii'mg phiu Num ciiu hd Tdy ]'inh Bdc Bi) 'Trong do ddng dinh duong lir luc diu ddng gdp din tren 90% quy dinh duong duu vdo ce'ic viing cira sdng ven hir Bdc Bd Khi ddp cdc ddp ihuong ngui)n cue ddng dinh dird'ng N vd P hi giam di khodng 30 - 50% vd kip lice quy dinh dudng tai cdc vimg ciru sdng ven bir Buc Bd cung hi gidm di cd ve hiim hrerng trong nuirc vd Idng khdi luemg Irong cdc vimg ciru sdng
THE IMPACTS OF UPPER STREAM DAMS ON THE FLOWS AND BUDGETS OFN AND P NUTRIENTS IN WATER OF NOR'III COASTAL RiVER MOUTH
AREAS
Nauven Due Cu, Nguyen Due Toan, Nguyen Van IMiuc, Vu Duy Vinh Abstract:
The two leirge coastal areas of Bach Dung Estuary und Red River Delta are formed by the Iwo river .systems of Red River und Thai Binh und receive nutrient flows of N und P of the two river .systems through their nine river mouths, including Du Bach, Lach Tray. Cam. Vun Uc, Thui Binh, Tru Ly, Ba Lat. Ninh Co and Cua Day. The budgets effN and P nutrients in North couslul esluuries ure balanced with Tonkin Gulf waters hy the nutrient fiows from mainland, from and to the ureas and offshore waters, jrom and to tbe North, and from and to the South of Tonkin Gulf coast. The nutrient flow fi-om
Hdi nghi Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe hiin lodn quek lein f/,,;. y
mainland cemtribules 90% nutrient budgets lo North coasted waters. Aft,, construction of upper stream dums, nutrient flows of N und P huve been reduced by about 30-50% und nutrient budgets in the areas have been down m their concentration in water and total volume in coaslal estuaries.
MO DAU
Quy veil chut citu mol Ihuy virc ven bir duge nghien ciru ihdng quu md hinb siul ';, i,Q^
VUV ra ben Irong tiic thuy vuc vd cdn bung cdc ddng vgt chat Vao vu R:i, n,.. nidng nghien ciru cuu the gie'ri mdt phdt Irien trong hem 30 num gdn ddy (Gordon D.C', . V , PH Bondreuu. KH Meinn. el ed. LOIZC. Vladimir N Bashkin, Robert IV. Ilowurth 1 Viel Num. hudng nghien ciru niiy cung dd duoc mdt .so Vien khoa hoc tiep cdn inin iy.ai nhu I'li'n llai dmmg hoc Nhu Trang. Vien Tdi nguyen vd Mdi tnrang Bien ...fl, 2.3; ,;; mic niu nghien ciru cue ddng vu quy vut chul Iren cdc vitng ciea song hi ldc ddng do de'ip diip ldm hd cln'ru chiing ldi dd sir thing phuemg phdp ludn mai ciia LOICZ [5.8] de n-i.hien ciru vd linb todn theo md hinh CABARET (hinh 1) nhum duu ra nhieng kel qud cu ihi eluerc lucmg hiru nidi cdch tucrng ddi
l o n g d o n g vat c h a t vao
QUY TON LAI TRONG HE
T o n g d o n g vat c h a t ra
Hinh 1: Mo hinh CABARET
Tdi cu cdc dong vdi chdl deu dugc phdn chia, linh lodn dua tren didu kien cu the cim tirng vimg cua .sdng. luy nhien deu niim trong chu Irinh sinh dia hda chung f6. 7, 8. 10, 1 Ij I '('ri ddi^ lirgng cu the Id vimg ciea song hinh pheu Bgch Ddng vu vimg cira .sdng chim Ihd Sdng Hdng. chung idl su dung chu trinh sinh dia hod bten f6, 7. 9j.
Nen bo Bac Bo co hai vung cua song Ion la hinh pheu Bach D^ng va chan lh6 Song Hong. Moi vimg cua song deu co cac dong vat chSt trao d6i tii lue dia dua ra V'A dpc theo veil bo xuong phia Nam, len phia Bac va ra phia vinh Bde Bo. Giua hai vimg cua song con c6 su trao doi eac dong vat chat cho nhau theo hai miia va ban than moi vimg ena song con CO dong vai ehal trao doi giua lop nuoc be mat va trSm lich day. Cac dong vai chdl duoc dua vao moi trucmg nuoc lai hai vung cua song dugc phan chia theo nhi^u ngnon nhung chu yen qua su van chuyen ciia nuoc. Cac dap chira thugng ngu6n he th6ng song I I6ng da Iam thay doi dicu tiet ngu6n nuoc dua ra cae vimg cira song Iheo hai mua va luu giir mQt lugng lon phii sa tren cac ho chua, Iam thay d6i cac dong dinh duong dua vao cac viing cira song Bao cao nay sc trinh bay cac kai qua nghien ciru v^ su thay doi cac dong va qu^
dinh duong ni to va ph6l pho (N,P) trong cac vimg cira song ven ba Bdc Bg.
I. TAI LIEU VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CU'U
Tai heu nghien cim dira tren kk qua khao sal, phan tich va xir ly s6 lieu \e Jongthai dinh duong va cac qua trinh sinh dja hoa N, P Irong nuae bai vimg cii'a song eiia d£ tai:
Nghien ciru. ddnh gid tdc ddng euu cdc cdng trinh hd chira thugng ngudn din di^n b'^"
'..Tieu ban Diu ly. Dig chdt vd QJa vdt ly Bten
jilnh thdi vd tdi nguyen - mdi tnrdng viing cua sdng ven bien Ddng bung Buc Bd; md sd DTDL 2009T/05.
Nhom cae phuong phap dc giai quyet cac ngi dung nghien euu dugc trinh bay duoi diiy, Viec tinh tocin sir thuy doi luu lugng nuoc vd bun cdt dua vao phuang phap thong kc ciia 05 tram quan irac lai thugng nguon bao gom eac Tram: Vu Quang (Song Lo), Yen Bai (Song Thao), Hoa Binh (Song Da), Son Tay (Song Hong) va Thugng Cat (Song Du6ng).
Thoi gian truoc dap dap chira Hoa Binh, giai doan 1960-1979 va sau dap dap giai doanl 989-2008. Tren ca so so lieu thong ke ve phan phoi luu Iugng nuoc va biin cai tai thugng nguon. ap dung mo hinh loan (MIKE 21) dc co dugc ket qua phan phoi luu lugng nuoc vii biin cat phan phoi ra chin cira song truoc va sau dap cac dap chira.
Phirong phcip xfr ly tirang quan sinh diet hdu A', P dua tren vice thiet lap dugc ham tucmg quan giua Nts voi cac dang N khoang (N - NHj"", N - NO2", N - NO3') va Pts vai P dang khoang (P - PO4 "). Dua tren su thay doi ve iuu lugng nuoc va phii sa do lae dgng cua dap cac dap chua chiing loi se linh dugc su thay doi eac dong va quy dmh duang N va P lai eac vimg cua song
Phirong phcip nghien ciru trao doi ccic dong dinh duong tren ccic vung ciia song dua tren eo so vc su trao doi quy nuac theo phuang phap mo hinh dgng lue DcIOD. Dong dinh duang Irao doi dge bo dugc tinh qua cac mat cat vuong goe voi duong ba den do sau 25m tai Cat Ba de xae dinh eae dong dinh duong di vao va di ra phia Dong Bac va tai Lach Fruong dc xac djnh eac dong dinh duong di vao va di ra phia Tay Nam ciia cae vimg cira song. Su trao doi quy nuoc ciia cac vimg ciia song tai doi do sau 25m duge linh loan de xac dinh dong dinh duang tir viing eira song ra bien va ngugc lai.
H. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 1. Quy dinh du'ong ciia cac viing cii'a song ven bir Bac Bo.
Ket qua nghien eiru da khang dinh cac dap chiia thugng nguon da Iam giam quy dinh duong cae dang khac nhau ciia N va P tren eae vimg cira song ven bcr Bac Bg, trung binh giam khoang 32 - 44% so voi truac khi dap cae dap chiia thugng nguon (Bang 1). Nguyen nhan giam quy dinh duong tren cac vimg cira song lien quan den giam cac dong dinh duang tir lue dia dua ra bien do luu giii nguon nuac va phii sa lo lirng tai cac ho ehira thugng nguon, khoang 50% so vai Iruae dap diip.
2. Sy thay doi eac dong dinh duong
2.1. Cue dong dinh dirong tir luc dia dua ra cdc vitng ctia song
Khi dap eac dap chira da lam thay doi rat lon cac dong dinh duang tir luc dia do qua 09 cira song; Da Bach, Cu'a Cdm, Lach Tray, Van Ue, Thai Binh, Tra Ly, Ba Lat, Ninh Ca va Ciia Day ra cac viing eii'a song ven bcr Bac Bg (Hinh 1). Miic do giam cac dong dinh duong khoang va tong so ciia N, P Iheo hai miia va trung binh nam vao khoang 23 - 43%
so voi trucrc dap eae dap chiia thugng nguon.
He'll nglu Khoa hoc va COng nghe hien loan iiinit. I,}/
Being I Biin di'n quy dinh du Bdc Bd tnre'rc vd .suu ddp ddp
'~}ng khodng vd long .so .\ vd P cite cuu siini> vc/j h(y
Mua 1
Mua
Kho
l.ll Nam
Viin*;
cua song Bach DSng Sons niing
Toan -ung liach DJng
Song Hung Toan vung Bach Uiing
Song liong
Toan vung
Khoiing thoi gian Trucrc
Sau Truac
Sau Truac
Sau Truac
Sau Truac
Sau Trucrc
Sau Truac
Sau Truac
Sau Truac
Sau N-Nllj*
(liin)
88,05 64.86 1743.09
951.24 1831.14 1016.10 29.67 29,33 1028.36 651.61 1058.03 680.94 117.72 94.19 2771.45 1602.85 288917
1697.03 N-NOj-
(inn) 350.17 275.23 6386.16 3727.02 6736.33 4002.25 161.29 158.99 5326.33 3408.34 5487.62 3567.33 511.46 434 22 11712.5 0 7135.36 12224.0 0 756958
N-NOj- (liin) 44.60 39.42 707.07 472.48 751.67 511.90 21.38 21.48 623 27 407.74 644.66 429.22 65.98 60.90 1330.3
5 880.22 1396.3 2 941.12
(lin) 46.55 32.88 870.42 463 47 916.96 496.36 15.19 14.78 523.65 330.18 538.83 344.95 61.74 47.66 1394.06
793.65 1455.80
841.31 (iii'iiiu)
2.55 1.81 52.46 27.53 55.01 29.34 0.95 0.90 38.47 23 68 39.42 24.57 3.50 2.71 90.92 5121 94.42
53.92 (lO'lin
)
0.30 0.20 5.96 3.06 6.26 3.27 0 10 0.09 4.21 2 54 4.32 2.64 0.40 0.30 10.17 5.61 10.57
5.90
; Tiiu ban Dui ly. Dia chdl vd Diu vui ly Bten
3500 1 3000 1
1 1 i Ssu a Mis
Mua Mua
Mua Kho
Inu dl
Trung binh nam Trung binh nam
Hinh I: Sir thay doi ldi lugng (Tdn/ngdy) cc'ic dimg dinh dirang khodng vd tong sd ciia N vd P til- luc dia dua ra cdc vung cua .song ven bir Bac Be)
Hi)i nghi Khoa hoc va Cong nghi hien todn ifiioi Imitiuy
Ea "3
Hinh 2- Bidn ddi tdng luang nuixc dua ra 09 '^'"^ ^ ^'^" ^^' '^''S ^Wng him , ,u dm ra cira simg ven ba tnrac vd sau ddp dap ^'^ ^""'^ •'>'^"S "^^ ^^' '"'•^^''"' -'"" '/«P %
Cac dang ton lai eua dinh duong khoang co ham luong quan rat chat che voi iiiim Iugng bim cat la liing trong nuae tir luc dia dua ra bien. Khi dap eae dap chira thugng i Mion, tuy long lugng nuac it thay doi (hinh 2) nhung long Iugng bim cat giam di rat ian, khoang 50% so voi trucrc dap dap (hinh 3). Vi vay, eac dong dmh duong tir luc dia dua ra cac viing cira song giam rat Ion, dan den giam quy dinh duang tren cac viing cira song ven bo Bic Bg.
2.2. Cdc dong dinh dirang tren cdc viing cua .song ven bcfBdc Bg
Ca hai virng cira song hinh pheu Bach Dang va chau tho song Hong bi uie dpng true tiep boi dap cac dap thugng nguon luon co cac dong dinh duong N, P trao doi voi viing bien Vinh Bac Bg g6m cac dong:
- Dong dinh duong N va P h-ao doi giira cac viing cii'a song voi vimg biSn Cat Ba-H?
Long: can bang cae huong 6 mat eat khong ch8 vuong goc voi duong bcr lai Cat Ba-Hai Phong (bang 3) cho thay cac dong dinh duong ca truoc va sau dap cac dap den eo huong di ra khoi cac viing cira song len phia Dong Bac theo miia mua, miia kho va c;i nam. Tuy nhien, eac dong dinh duong di ra khoi viing eira song sau dap dap deu nho hon truac dap - Dong dinh duong N va P trao doi giira cae vimg cira song va vimg bien T hanh Hoa - Nghe An: can bang cac dong dinh duong lai mat eSt kh6ng chS vuong goc voi ducmg b6 tai Lach Trudng - Thanh Hoa (bang 4) ca truoc va sau dap cac dap deu eo I ong di ra khoi cac vimg cua song xuong phia Tay Nam theo miia mua, miia kho va c;i nam. Tuy nhien, eac dong dinh duong di ra khoi vung cira song sau d i p dap d6u nho hirn so vd Iruac dap dap.
u bull / ' " ' ''• ^"" ^ ''dt ve'i Dm veil ly Btin
'" Bang ^ Dirng dinh dudng S.P (Tdn/ngdy) trao ddi dgc bcr tgi Med cdt Cdt Bd - Hai Phdng tnre'rc vu suu diip ddp
Thon g s 5
N- N H ;
N- N O ,
N- N O ,
P- P O , '
Nts
P l i TluVi
1-y Truoc.
Siui T r u i J c
Sail T m i k Sau i T i u o c
Sau T r u o c
Sau I'lUOC
S a u
M i l a m u a llinhig lli cittiyeii D B ( + )
2 9 1 1 7 0 9 5 3 6 2 8 8 8 7 2 128 7 2 7 7 2 4 J 6 3 0 8 3 9 5 0 4
T N ( - ) 104 3 9 4 0 5 1 7 0 5 0 0 6 0 21 2 6 7 9 1023 3 9 8 152
Chtltig IS6 131 S4II iSS 39 72 69 SI SII4S 36011
441 3S2
M u a k h o llifihti; ill chuyCtl D B ( + )
6 6 4 2 3 1 1 2 1 0 3 4 2 3 3 2 21 2 4 0 1
1548 2 4 6 151
T N { - ) 6 3 7 2 4 2 8 5 3 2 193 108 2 1 I I
C.hiiifii 60 39 239 16S 26 IS 29 19 2207 1440 225 140
Trun}> b i n h n a m I/iivii}' lli cliiiycii D B ( + )
3 5 7 2 1 2 1 2 6 4 8 3 7 1 2 2 9 5 1 6 0 9 3 1 0 1 2 4 6 ) 7 8 1 0 8 5 6 5 5
T N ( - ) 110 4 2 4 7 7 2 1 2 5 8 5 6 3 2 3 2 8 7 2 1 1 3 0 4 1 9 163
Chiing 246 169 IU 625 6 5 90 97 70 7253 504,1 666 492
Bung -I: Ddng dinh duong N.P (Tdn/ngiiy) iruo ddi dgc ba Ted Mitt cut Lach truimg - Thanh Hda iruirc vd suu ddp dap
T i i o n g so
N - N H /
N - N O , -
N - N O ,
P - P O . '
S l . riKii
1-.- 1 r u o t
S a u T r i r o g
S a u Ti u'6c
Sau T r u o c
S.iu T n r o c
S a u T r u o c
S a u
M u a m u a lltiiyii.t; di chtiyC'ii
m (<-)
3 0 15 132 7 2 18 12 19 10 7 8 7 3 8 9 134 6 5
T N (-) 103 4 2 3 8 7 170 4 4 2 3 5 4 21 2 9 7 0 1 1 8 2 3 5 7 138
C.biliig -73 -27 -255 -9S -26 -II -34 -12
•21113 -793 -223 -74
M u a k h o Iltivii}; ill clittyeil D B ( T 1
16 7 9 2 4 5 11 6 9 4 5 7 5 3 8 6 7 0 3 2
T N { - ) 4 7 4 2 2 4 8 2 3 2 3 0 2 9 2 5 2 2 1 7 3 6 1 5 1 2 193 1 6 7
C.biiiig -31 -35 -156 -1,17 -IS
•23 - ; 6 -IS -1161 -1126 -123 -135
T r u n g b i n h n a m llinhig lli clitiyeti D 1 ! { 1 )
4 5 2 2 2 2 4 117 3 0 I S 2 8 14 1 3 6 2 7 7 5 2 0 4 9 7
T N ( - ) 1 4 9
84 6 3 5 4 0 2 7 4 5 2 7 8 4 4 4 7 0 6 2 6 9 4 5 5 0 3 0 5
C.hftiis -104
-62 -411 -2S5 -44 -34 -50
•30 -3345 -1919 -346
-:os ' Dong dinh duang N va P trao doi gitra cae vimg eira song va vimg bien phia ngoai theo hmViig vuong goc voi duong ba (Bang 5): kel qua nghien ciiu eho thay mgt lugng lon cac dong dinh duang ciia N va P theo hai miia va ea nam deu co huong lir eae viing ciia song ra bien. Tuy nhicn, eung nhu eae dong dinh duong dgc ba, sau dap cac dap thugng nguon eae dong dinb duang nay deu giam so voi truoc dap dap
//()/ nghi Khou hoc va Ci'mg nghe hien loiin .jwi. u„i ihir y
Bang 5. Ddng dinh dirimg .\.P (Tdn/ngdy) trao ddi vudng gdc bd giicu cdc vimir aru sdng vd bien irui/c vd .suu ddp ddp
T i i o n g so
N - N i i /
N - N O , "
N - N O , "
i ' - i ' O , '
Nls
P I S
2.3 Clic ll T h o i
k \
I r u o c Sau Tnioc
Sau 1 riroc
Sau I r a o c
Sau I r u o c Sau T r u o c
Sau ong till
M u a m u a llinina lli duty eit D B
2 7 7 132 1170 6 1 7 158 94 174 SI 6672 3447 909 4 4 0 /( tlltV'l
" 1 \ ( - ) 78 38 3S5 209 63 39 61 29 1738 925 332 165
g niii In
C.liiltis 199 94 7S5 408 96 55 113 52 4934 2522 5 7 7 2 7 5
ben tro
M i i a kho lltrii'iif; lli cliiiyQii D B ( * )
163 93 992 548 148 S3 106 56 5315 2 7 3 9 683 35S Ig Clic V
T N (-) 5 0 33 339 215 53 34 35 22 1646 971 231 139
tng ct'ca
C. hljiifi 113
60 652 332 95 49 7»
35 3669 I76S 451 219
song
T r u i i E l u u l i 1 .till lllllhtj; tli , lifiyC.,, D i ) ( ' )
2 2 0 113 iOSI 583 153 88 140 68 5993 3093 7 9 6 3 9 9
" I N : 1 M
35 J
362 212 58 36
Cbaiig
77 719 370 95 52
•KS 1 j l ) 25 1092 94 S 2S2 15"
«
4301 2145 514
Kel qua nghien ciru can bang cac dong dinh duong eiia long dinh duong i^htiaiig N
i
(DIN) va P(DIP) va dinh duang long so ciia N (Nls) va ciia P (Pis) eho thiy quy dinh duong N \ a P vai cac dang ke tren tai cac viing eii'a song ven bo Bae Bg deu lon hon cac dong di vao va di ra khoi he eac eira song (Hinh 4).
» Dong Bac
• Dong BSc . Dong Bac
f fieu beinj.^iu^ ly. DIU chdl vd Diu vm h Bien
iTay Nam
LBnh 4. ('dn bung cdc ddng vd quy dinh dirong tren cc'ic vimg cica sdng ven bir Bdc Bd Irong num.
KC'l qua nghien eiru can bang eae dong dinh duong ciia N va P deu cho gia Iri am (-) vai gia Iri tin'cl doi rat lan the hien gia tri eiia cae dong dinh duong ngi tai dugc sinh ra boi cac qua Irinh sinh dia hoa Ircn cae viing cira song ven ba Bac Bg. Trucrc dap cac dap thugng n^uon cae dimg nay lon gan gap 2 lan so vai sau dap dap va nguyen nhan la do giam nguon dinh duang lir cac lue dja dua ra bien boi phii sa biin sei dugc luu giir va chon viii Iren eae ho ehira thugng nguon
Bung 6: C 'dn bung cdc ddng di vdo vd di ra tren cdc vimg cira sdng ven bd Bdc Bd tnrdc vd sau ddp ddp
Tlit'iiiii wi {Tiifl/ll.^liyJ
DIN
DIP
Ms
PIS
Tliiii ky
Truac Sau rrircrc
Sau
"I'rirdc Sau Truoc
Sau Quy
16590 10208 1456 841 94420 53920 10570 5900
Vito (+)
396 2S6 28
n
4168 2549 473 344
Rll (-) DB
1097 885 97 70
^253 504S 666 492
r.v
599 380 50 30 3345 1919 346 208
Biiiii 970 499 92 43 4321 2145 5 i 3 247
Timg Rll (-)
2666 1764 239 143 14919 9112 1525 947
C.Biitig
-2270 -I47S -211 -126 -10751 -6563 -1052
•603
I tai nght Khoa hoc va Cong nghe hien loan quoc lim il„-f y
III. KET LUAN
1. Quy dinh duong N va P tren cac Viing cua song ven bo Bac Bg thcj'i ky sau dap dap giam rat lan. khoang 30-40% so voi trucrc khi dap eac dap thugng nguon. Ngu\ui nlian quy dinh duong giam sau khi dnp eac dap c6 lien quan den cae dong dinh dirong lir luc dia dua ra bi£n giam so vai truoc khi dap cac dap.
2. Sau khi ddp cae dap thugng ngu6n cae dong dinh duang N va P tir luc di,i dua vao cac vimg cira song ven bt:r BSc Bg gianidi khoang 23 - 43%, trung binh 32% Cac dong dinh duong tir luc dia dua ra bi^n sau dap eae dap bi giam lien quan den phii sa sau djp dap giam khoang 50% do bi luu giu va chon viii tren cac ho chua thugng nguon
3. Cac dong dinh duang trao d6i giua viing bifin ba Tay Vinh Bac Bg vai cac w'wg cira song CO 03 dong chinh la dge bo len phia Dong Bae \'a xuong phia Tii)' Nam \i\ dong trao d6i true li6p giua cac vimg cira song va bicn ven ba. Cac dong dinh duang N. P trai> doi giua cac \iing eira song \a Vinh B5c Bg sau khi dap cac dap bi giam di khoang 30-40%, luong duong voi mire do giam cac dong dinh duang lii' lue dia va quy ciia cac vimg cua song
TAI LIEU THAIVI KHAO
1. Doan Bg va Nguyen Dire Cu, (1996). Nghien ciru ndng sudi sv cdp sinh hgc cua time veil ndi trong lw sinh then vimg trieu cica Sdng Hdng. Tuyen tap Tai ngu>en va Moi truong bien. Tap III, tr 169 - 175. Nha xuat ban Khoa hgc va Ky thuat. Ha Noi, 2. Nguyen Dii'c Cu va NNK, 1998. Khcio sdl, ddnh gid chut luemg nude Vinh lla Long.
Thudc chr dn- "Nghien ciru ldp ke hoach qudn ly mdi tnrang Vinh Hg Long, ntrirc Cgng hod Xu hdi Chu nghTa Viet Nani\ JICA 1998
3. Nguyen Dire Cu va nnk (1998). Dieu tra khdo sdt chdt luang mdi trudng vu ddng thai dinh dudng vimg cira song chdu thd Song Hdng. Bao cao de an dicu tra eo ban cap Nha nuac. Luu lai Vicn Tin nguyen va Moi truang bicn.
4. Nguyen Manh Cuang (2005). Phuang phdp xir ly, hdo qudn vd phiin lich die thdng so N - NHJ . N - NOi. N - NO/ vd P - POf' Irong nuac biin ven ba. Luan van i6t nghiep Thac sy, truang Dai hge Bach Khoa HaNgi.
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