VIEN DAN BIEU TRUNG KY \6\ HOAT DONG DAU TRANH DOI THAY DOI PHAP LUAT 6
TRUNG KY TRONG NHUNG NAM 1926 1950
TRAN VAN THtrc*
DAU D t r c ANH"
B
u6c sang the ky XX, sau khi ve cd ban binh dinh xong Viet Nam, thUc dan Phap lan lUdt du nhap he tho'ng "xa hoi cong nghiep" vao Viet Nam cho tUdng ling vdi "moi trUdng cong nghiep" ma ngUdi Phap da va dang gay dung d day. Mot trong nhiJng "xa hoi cong nghiep" dang chii y nhat ma thUc dan Phap da du nhap vao Viet Nam do la Vien nhQng dai bieu ciia nhan dan (Chambre des Representants du Peuple) m,a chiing ta van thUdng goi la Vien dan bieu. De phii hdp v6i chinh sach"chia de tri", thUc dan Phap da lap d moi xii mot vien dan bieu, theo do d Trung Ky, Vien nhiing dai bieu cua nhan dan Trung Ky (Chambre des Representants du Peuple de L' Annam) da dUdc dung len.
Su ra ddi ciia cac vien dan bieu noi chung va Vien dan bieu Trung Ky noi rieng trUdc het la ket qua ciia siic ep doi cai each trong phong trao yeu nUdc Viet Nam dau the ky XX. That vay, sang dau the ky XX, phong trao dan tgc nu6c ta dUdc "tam minh" trong lan song Tan thu. Tan van da lam cho thUc dan Phap phai "dien dao" tim each do'i pho. Diem noi bat trong trao luu dan toe dau the ky XX la lan dau tien trong
lich sii Viet Nam xuat hien nhiing cum tii doi "dan quyen", "lap phap", "da pha vao che do thuc dan, phong kie'n"... Chinh dieu nay da lam cho thUc dan Phap he't siic lo sd va cam tha'y vi tri ciia chiing d Dong DUdng dang bi lung lay hdn bao gid he't. Tru6c tinh hinh do, bon tho'ng tri cf thuoc dia lai thi hanh mot loat cai each mdi niip dudi chieu bai "hdp tac" song song vdi viec diing vu lUc de dan ap cac phong trao dan toe cl Viet Nam. Thu doan cua chieu bai "hdp tac Phap - Viet" la thUc dan Phap da cong khai dat van de ve "sU tham gia cua ngUdi ban xii vao cong viec cai tri dat nUdc". Mot trong nhiing bieu hien ctia chinh sach "hdp tac Phap - Viet" do la sii ra ddi cua Hoi dong tu van Trung Ky (Chambre Consultative Indigene de L' Annam) theo Dao du ngay 19-1-1920 cua Khai Dinh ma sau nay vdi Nghi dinh ngay 24-2-1926 cua Toan quyen Varenne da doi thanh Vien nhiing dai bieu cua n h a n dan Trung Ky.
Ben canh do, sii ra ddi cua Vien dan bieu Trung Ky con nam trong y do het siic tham doc cua thiic dan Phap. Nhin be ngoai, Vien dan bieu Trung Ky co ve nhU la mot chinh sach khai an de "cho nhan dan
* TS. Khoa Lich sii - TrUdng Dai hoc Vinh '* Th.s. Khoa Lich sil - TrUdng Dai hoc Vinh
Vien d a n bieu Trung Ky vert hoaf dong da'u tranh... 49
du vao viec nudc" n h u n g thUc c h a t , thUc d a n P h a p muo'n sii d u n g td chiic n a y l a m
"cong cu t u y e n t r u y e n " cho c h i n h sach
" P h a p - Viet de h u e " va cho sU "khai hoa van m i n h " ciia ngUdi P h a p d T r u n g Ky noi rieng, D o n g D u d n g ndi c h u n g .
T u y n h i e n , thUc te h o a t dong cua Vien dan bieu T r u n g Ky k h o n g nhU t o a n t i n h va mong muo'n ciia thUc d a n P h a p . N g a y t r o n g khoa d a u t i e n (1926 - 1930), c h i n h t i n h t h i n d a n toe, long y e u nUdc c u a cac n g h i vien n e n Vien d a n b i e u T r u n g Ky da cd n h i i n g h o a t d o n g "cu cUa" vUdt r a ngoai k h u o n k h d cho p h e p c u a ngUdi P h a p . Mot trong n h i i n g noi d u n g d a u t r a n h ndi b a t ciia Vien d a n b i e u T r u n g Ky vdi thUc d a n P h a p giai d o a n n a y dd la ddi t h a y doi l u a t p h a p d T r u n g Ky va ddi q u y e n lap p h a p , lap hien cho Vien d a n bieu.
1. S a u k h i ve cd b a n chie'm xong nUdc t a va thie't l a p L i e n b a n g Ddng DUdng, thUc d a n P h a p thUc h i e n c h i n h sach "chia de tri", chiing chia nUdc t a t h a n h ba xii va moi xii n h u vay lai cd m o t l u a t p h a p rieng.
Theo dd, d T r u n g Ky, thUc d a n P h a p cho thi h a n h Ludt Gia Long va cd c h i n h siia mot ddi c h u t cho phCi hdp vdi a m mUu cai tri cua c h u n g . T i n h t h a n cd't loi cua Lugt Gia Long la bao ve q u y e n Idi ciia che do q u a n c h u c h u y e n c h e .
Ngay t r o n g ky Hoi d d n g d a u t i e n cua Vien d a n b i e u T r u n g Ky, cac nghi vien T h a n h Hoa, N g h e An va H a T i n h da n e u len sU b a t h d p ly ciia h e thd'ng l u a t p h a p d T r u n g Ky: " L u a t le dUdng h a n h d u n g bay gid tiic la b a n Ludt Gia Long, til thdi M i n h M a n g de'n n a y , moi ddi c u n g cd bd t h e m t a n le p h u vao l u a t ay.
DUdng liic be q u a n , q u y e n v u a qua t h i n h , d a n trf con h e n thdi l u a t le ay c u n g cho la t h i c h d u n g . Tif n g a y dai P h a p s a n g
bao ho h d n 40 n a m nay, t u y cd bd nghi, cai n g h i mot ddi dieu, nhUng p h a n nhieu v i n h a n h d u n g t h e o l u a t le cii" (3).
De tha'y dU(3c sU b a t hdp ly ciia l u a t p h a p d T r u n g Ky, cac nghi vien T h a n h Hda, N g h e An va H a T i n h cdn so s a n h l u a t p h a p T r u n g Ky vdi l u a t p h a p Bac Ky. Theo ho, til n a m 1917, d Bac Ky da cai chinh lai n e n p h a p l u a t va dieu dd da lam cho "viec ly h i n h h a u cd t r a t tU, sU to' t u n g h a u dUdc t i e n d a n " (4). Cdn thUc t r a n g cua l u a t p h a p t r o n g xii bao ho n a y k h d n g n h i i n g khdng cd sU t h a y ddi t h e o chieu h u d n g tie'n bo, tich cue m a ngUdc lai nd lai dudc bd s u n g t h e m n h i i n g dieu l u a t cd \di nha't cho chinh sach
"khai hda v a n m i n h " ciia thUc dan P h a p d xiijiay.
Ben c a n h dd, cac nghi vien trong Vien d a n bieu T r u n g Ky cdn t h i n g t h a n chi trich sU t a n ac ciia thdi T r u n g c d v a n dUdc duy tri t r o n g l u a t p h a p ap d u n g d T r u n g Ky liic bay gid: "Kia n h i i n g dieu " t h a n thuoc d u y e n toa". N h i i n g toi "tram", "giao", cho de'n n h u "gong", nhU "xieng", nao "xuy", nao
"trUt^ing", b i e t bao n h i e u dieu t h a m khac, lic che, n e u dem r a h a n h d u n g ngay nay, thUc k h o n g hdp thdi va t r a i vdi n h a n dao" (5).
Ngoai ra, cac nghi vien trong Vien dan bieu T r u n g Ky cdn de cap den nhUng ric rdi, phien luy va viec xet xii m a n g t i n h chat ap d a t ciia he t h d n g toa an d xU T r u n g Ky: 'T)en sU td chiic tda an, lai r a t sd sai; chiic Phii, H u y e n kiem ca h a n h chinh va ly hinh, tii an xuy cho den a n tU toi, deu cd t r a c h nghi xet xii m a ky thUc k h d n g cd chiit quyen chung t h a m nao... Tda an k h d n g cd t r a n g sU, lam toi ngUdi t a m a k h d n g cho ngUdi ta cai, toi n a n g n h e cii y ngUdi t r e n , ndi oan khd ke ddi d a n dudi..." (6). NhU vay, Vien d a n bieu T r u n g Ky da y thiic dUdc sU lac h a u , loi thdi, t a n ac, rSc ro'i, p h i e n luy ciia bo l u a t d a n g dUdc ap d u n g d T r u n g Ky.
50 Rghien ciru Lich sCr. so 12.2009 Khdng chi diing lai d dd, cac nghi vien da
sii dung "quyen dUdc ndi" cua minh de to'cao nhiing dieu tham khoe va bat hdp ly ciia luat phap d Trung Ky thdi bay gid. Rd rang, day lik mot trong nhiing hoat dong vUtJt ra ngoai trii tfnh va mong mud'n cua ngUdi Phap. Hoat dong nay khdng cdn ddng khung trong cum tii "cu cUa" niia ma hdn het, nhUng hanh dong nay da the hien rat rd tinh than yeu nUdc thUdng ndi, xua't phat tii nguyen vong va quyen Idi chinh dang cua nhan dan Trung Ky.
2. Vien dan bieu Trung Ky da diing ve phia nhan dan, xuat phat tii quyen Idi cua dan chung de ndi len sU tho'ng khd, sU phien luy ciia ho khi sd'ng trong bSu khdng khi ngdt ngat ciia luat phap thdi trung cd ket hdp vdi luat phap thUc dan. Qua dd neu len sU can thie't phai cd mot bo luat mdi de dan chung bdt "khd dau" va "oan trai", cho phii h(3p vdi "nen chinh hien mdi" d xii Trung Ky:
"Nen chfnh hien trong nUdc da theo trinh do dan tri ma siia sang, thdi nen phap luat trong nUdc cung phai theo trinh do dan tri va chi'nh hien ma thay ddi... Nen phap luat khdng cham chudc cd kim ma cai chfnh cho thich thdi nghi, hdp cdng ly, thdi ch&ng nhiing thiet hai ddn tinh mang, tai san qud'c dan, ma lai phUdng hai dc.i ca nen chinh hie'n trong nUdc niia" (7).
Ben canh dd, Vien dan bieu Trung Ky cung cho rSng, "nay thdi dai da khai thong, cCing phai can den nhiing luat thUdng mai, luat lao dong va luat hang hai (nhUng luat ay hien chUa cd) de dan b.ao ho ciing hUdng quyen Idi... cho hdp thdi liie" (8). Cac nghi vien tha thiet yeu cfiu: "Nay xin lap ngay mot hoi ddng, lay luat le Dai Phap lam chi'nh thiic, lay luat le cii Ban qudc va luat le mdi Bac Ky lam bang thtic, cham chudc ddng tay, lay cd kim ma lap thanh mot bo
luat cho cd gia tri, nghia la cho phii hdp vdi cdng ly nhan dao" (9).
Cd the ndi, sU can thie't phai cd mot bo luat mdi de thi hanh d Trung Ky la mot trong nhiJng van de nghi sU dUdc Vien dan bieu Trung Ky het siic quan tam. Nhieu phien hop ciia khda thii nha't tii 1926 de'n 1930 cua Vien, van de nay ludn dUdc dat ra ngay cang gay gat, quye't liet. Trong ban
"Nhiing dieu thinh cau chung cua toan Vien" tai ky Hoi ddng nam 1927, cac nghi vien lai neu len: "Ne'u chUa the lap dUdc luat mdi ngay, thdi xin hay dem luat hien hanh dung d Bac Ky ma thi hanh d Trung Ky...
neu chUa cd the thi hanh luat Bac Ky ngay dudc, thi xin: nhiing an kien tii Thiia Thien dl Bac, thi do Toa ThUdng tham d BSc Ky (Ha Noi) phiic duyet lai, tii Thila Thien d!
Nam, do ThUdng tham Sai Gdn phiic duyet lai, cho dudc het le cdng binh" (10).
Y thtic dUdc sU can phai cd mot bo luat mdi tien bg hdn, dan chu hdn va bdt "khac nghiet phien ha" thay cho bg Lugt Gia Long dang ap dung d Trung Ky, cac nghi vien tie'n bg trong Vien dan bieu da di de'n mgt yeu cau, ddi hdi cao hdn ma ciing rat chinh dang dd la dau tranh gianh quyen thie't lap luat phap. Tien xa hdn mot budc, Vien dan bieu Trung Ky cdn da'u tranh ddi quyen lap hie'n cho xii Trung Ky. Bdi le, mud'n cai each phap luat thi phai xay dung hie'n phap de lam cd sd cho nen phap ly ay tdn tai. Bdi vay, cac nghi vien trong Vien dan bieu Trung Ky hen tuc yeu ciu vdi thuc dan Phap ddi lap d Trung Ky mgt nen chi'nh hie'n mdi, mac dii nen chinh hien ay chi n i m trong khudn khd "hdp tac Phap - Viet". Dieu nay cUng ddng nghia dd la dau tranh ddi md rgng quyen han cua Vien - quyen lap phap va lap hie'n.
3. Tuy nhien, dap lai, thiic dan Phap mdt miic cho r i n g , ngUdi Nam chUa cd kha
Vien dan bieu Trung Ky vai hoat dong dau tranh. 51
n a n g t h a n h l a p l u a t , chUa cd t r i n h do lap hien: 'V^e viec siia l u a t t h i h i e n n a y ngUdi N a m chUa d u t a y c h u y e n mon de du vao Hdi d d n g siia l u a t " (11). Cdn T o a n q u y e n V a r e n n e lai n g u y b i e n r i n g : "Khi trUdc B a n chiic n g h e r i n g cac dng y e u c a u cho xii n a y p h a i cd m d t cai hie'n p h a p . . . Song t u y r i n g c h u a cd h i e n p h a p . . . (nhUng) n h a nUdc bao ho ciing da cd s a n cai k h i cu du l a m cho xii nay t i e n hoa dUdc, m a xUa n a y v i n thUc h a n h dUdc n h i e u cdng cudc rdi" (12). Rd r a n g , y dd c u a thUc d a n P h a p la mud'n duy tri l u a t p h a p ciing n h u c h i n h t h e cii d T r u n g Ky de de be cai t r i va cd Idi to'i da cho chiing. D a p lai n h i i n g Idi n g h i ngd, phii d i n h ve t r i n h do l a p p h a p cua ngudi N a m ciia thiic d a n P h a p , n g h i vien N g u y i n Trac cho r a n g : "Sao d B i c Ky lai cd ngUdi, cd tien lai s u a l u a t dUdc?" (13).
Cd nhUng luc, "xung dot nghi trUdng" da dien r a h e t siic c a n g t h a n g va gay gat va len de'n d i n h diem giiia mgt ben la nhUng dai bieu ciia n h a n d a n T r u n g Ky va mdt ben la dai dien ciia chi'nh phii bao hg. Ngay 1-10- 1928, t r o n g dien v a n k h a i hgi ky Hdi ddng lan thii ba cua Vien, t h a y cho nhiing Idi "tan dUdng c h i n h t h e dai nghi", nghi t r u d n g H u y n h Thiic K h a n g lai d u a ra b a n cao t r a n g gay g i t ve nhUng "hinh l u a t phien luy" ma ngUdi P h a p lap r a d T r u n g Ky: "Thud'c tri b e n h dien m a diing tri ngUdi t h u d n g , thi t h a n k i n h p h a i de'n r u n g chuyen, h a m liia thii dii m a dao giiia dUdng thi h a n h k h a c h k h d n g khdi sia c h a n , h i n h l u a t nUdc n h a d a t ra la cd't de t r i ngUdi cd tdi (nhU dao kiep, loan tac) de giii gin t r a t tU duy tri cudc an trong xii. N h u ngUdi k h d n g tdi m a bi h i n h , hoac bi vu oan c h u a t r a xet cho dich thiic ma da bi b i t giam thi sao cho khdi dieu oan k h u a t ? M a n h O n g ngUdi t r g n ddi lUdng t h i e n ciing k h d n g biet dUdng m a t r a n h . . . n h a nUdc vi cudc tri a n , p h a i t h i h a n h cai h i n h l u a t
n g h i e m n g a t (bao sach bi cam, bi b i t , dan gian thi bi xet n h a xet cua, cho de'n dien t h u y e t lam t r u d n g hgc ciing bi luy). N h Q n g ' ngudi lam quay m a bi tgi da d a n h ma nhQng ke oan luy c u n g k h d n g it, gia di tgi d a n h khdng dUdc rd r a n g , chiing td khdng cd xac thUc (d T r u n g Ky) b a t tgi da khdng tuyen an cho ngUdi bi tdi biet, lai khdng dUdc cai (cai - TG chii) le nQa, t h a t la mdt dieu r a t la, nhQng bgn s i n h t h u doan am mudi, mdt td d a u cao, t r a xet den n a m bay n h a , h a i chQ
"tinh nghi" h a m h a i biet bao nhieu ke, tU n h a nUdc tin theo nhQng Idi t h e u det, cho la p h a n k h a n g , cho la phien loan, khong tri khdng dUdc, m a biet d a u d trong vCing chuyen ft m a xit r a nhieu, sU nhd ma gay ra Idn lam cho d a n ngu cung bgn thidu nien sia vao ludi tgi ma khdng biet ma cung khdng t r a n h dUdc, t h a m hga biet chUng nao" (14).
Rd r a n g , Idi p h a t bieu day t a m h u y e t t r e n day ciia dng nghi trUdng H u y n h Thiic K h a n g ndi r i e n g va Vien d a n bieu T r u n g Ky ndi c h u n g vUa x u a t p h a t tQ thUc t r a n g cua l u a t p h a p T r u n g Ky, nhUng ben c a n h dd nd c u n g vQa x u a t p h a t tQ t a m ldng yeu nUdc thUdng ndi ciia mgt t r o n g nhQng l a n h t u ciia p h o n g t r a o Duy t a n d T r u n g Ky nhQng n a m d a u t h e ky XX. C h i n h H u y n h T h u c K h a n g da k h d n k h e o sii d u n g "quyen dUdc ndi" mdt each cdng k h a i cua m i n h t a i nghi trUdng de len tiding chi trich nhQng chfnh sach cai t r i va "khai hda" cua ngUdi P h a p d da't Tr.ung Ky. Dd'i vdi nhQng ngUdi d a n d a n g sd'ng t r o n g che do thUc d a n phong kien bi m u chQ, t a t n h i e n sU h i e u biet ciia hg ve l u a t p h a p r a t h a n che. M a t khac, vi l u a t p h a p lai cd nhQng dieu k h o a n h e t sQc vd ly t h i he q u a ta't yeu nhQng ngUdi d a n vd tdi se "sia vao ludi tgi" m a c u n g k h d n g hay biet m i n h m a c tdi la dieu k h d n g t r a n h khdi.
Ben c a n h do, c u n g vi h i n h l u a t phien luy va n h a nUdc "nay ra n g h i d i n h nay, mai ra
52 Rghien ciru Lich s i , sd 12.2009 nghi dinh khac, sdm thay chieu ddi, nhan
dan khdng biet nUdng tUa vad cai gi lam chQng muc, nen tai mat hda lean" (15). Bdi the mdi cd hien tUdng oai oam, "quan lai ep dan ma mua oan cho nha nUdc tai dd". Hau qua thi chi minh nhQng ngUdi dan ngheo lUdng thien phai ganh chiu, hg bi ghe dau, CUdi cd, bi Qc hiep nhu cdm bQa la chuyen thudng xuyen xay ra.
Cung ngay trong phien hgp nay, qua Idi dap lai y kien cua nghi trudng Huynh Thuc Khang, Kham sQ Trung Ky Jabouille da cii tuyet nhQng yeu cau c i n phai cd phap luat mdi va quyen lap phap, lap hien ciia Vien dan bieu Trung Ky. Bing hanh dgng dd, Kham sQ Jabouille da tii lot mat na thuc dan khi lap nen Vien dan bieu Trung Ky:
"Cac dng tUdng r i n g Vien nhan dan dai bieu d day in nhu Ha nghi vien ben Tay do phd thdng d i u phieu ma ra, tUdng r i n g (Vien dan bieu) khdng nhQng dUdc quyen giam sat Chinh phu ma thdi, ma lai dUdc du ca quyen thdng trj va hanh chinh vdi Nha nudc bao hg nQa. Nghi nhu vay thiet trai h i n vdi sU that, vdi cai y tudng sang lap ra Vien nay, ma cung nen ndi han cho rd la sai han den cai tinh the hien thdi nUa" (16).
Su xung dot nghi trUdng giQa cac nghi vien cd tu tudng tien bd nhu Huynh Thiic Khang, Le Van Huan, Hoang DQc Trach, LUdng Quy Gi va mgt so' ngUdi khac trong ky Hdi ddng nam 1928 vdi Kham sQ Jabouille da phan nao chQng td tinh than yeu nudc, y thQc rd am mUu, thii doan cua thuc dan Phap khi cho thanh lap Vien dan bieu Trung Ky ciia cac nghi vien. Nhu vay, dd'i vdi thiic dan Phap mac du da ddi Hgi ddng tu van ra thanh Vien nhan dan dai bieu nhung ky thiic chQc nang va quyen han cua td chQc nay cung chi ddng khep d hai chQ "tU van" ve cac van dd kinh te va xa hgi ma thoi chQ thUc ra khdng cd quyen
tham gia ban bac cac van de chi'nh tri khdng cd Idi cho chinh sach thd'ng tri va bdc lot ciia ngUdi Phap d xQ Trung Ky. Hay, cd chang, td chQc nay dUdc lap ra ben ngoai nhu la "mgt bieu tUdng cad dep" ciia "tinh t h i n hdp tac Phap - Viet" nhUng ky thUc ben trong thUc dan Phap lai muo'n nd lam cdng cu tuyen truyen cho chinh sach "khai hda van minh" cua ngUdi Phap va ru ngu phong trao dau tranh cua nhan dan: "Mud'n cho cdng cudc ay (lap phap va lap hien) dUdc my man, thi can phai cd trat tU, vi nhan dan nao cung phai biet rang khdng cd trat tii, thi khdng the thi h a n h mdt chfnh sach quang dai n h u the'dUdc" (17).
Cung vdi yeu cau thay ddi luat phap thi viec da'u t r a n h ddi quyen lap phap, quyen lap hien cua Vien dan bieu Trung Ky cung da bi thUc dan Phap thang t h i n tQ chd'i tQc la ngQdi Phap da tQ chd'i cai quyen quan trgng n h a t cua thiet che nghi vien - quyen lap hien va lap phap. Va, the la tU tUdng lap phap cQng n h u lap hie'n cua Vien dan bieu Trung Ky giai doan 1926 - 1930 rdi vao be tac. The nhung, day lai la mdt net mdi het sQc dgc dao trong lich sii tU tudng Viet Nam ndi chung va lich sil lap phap, lap hien Viet Nam ndi rieng. Nhin nhan khach quan chung ta tha'y, nhQng yeu cau, ddi hdi phai thi h a n h mgt luat phap mdi va hien phap ciia Vien dan bieu Trung Ky mgt mat the hien tinh than dan tgc, long yeu nudc ciia cac nghi vien va chinh dieu nay da lam cho thiic dan Phap bd'i rdi, lo au rat nhieu.
Sau nhiem ky dau tien ciia Vien dan bieu T r u n g Ky ma nha't la sau khi Vien trudng Huynh Thiic Khang va hang loat nghi vien cd tU tudng yeu nUdc, tien bg ddng loat tQ chQc thi hoat dgng ciia td chQc nay dan dan rdi vao quy dao "chan ret" ciia chinh quyen thUc dan phong
Vien dan bieu Trung Ky vpi hoat dong dau tranh... 53 kien d Trung Ky. Mac du, trong nhQng canh xa hdi Viet Nam mat ddc lap, chu nhiem ky tiep sau dd ciia td chQc nay, rai quyen va do ke cai tri "ban phat" cho nen rac v i n cdn cd "nhQng con ngUdi tu te" tieng ndi ciia Vien dan bieu Trung Ky vdi nhQng tieng ndi b i n g ca rugt gan cua qua nhd be, qua yeu dt va trd nen bat lUc minh vi nUdc, vi dan. Tuy nhien, do trUdc thuc trang khd dau ciia ddi sd'ng quyen Idi ca n h a n cua cac nghi vien, vi nhan dan va long tham vd day cua bgn Vien dan bieu Trung Ky ra ddi trong bd'i thUc dan cai tri.
CHU THICH
(1). C h a m b r e Cdnsultative indigene de L'Annam, Textes Organiques, Seance D'inauguration Proces verbaux des Seances de la session Ordinaire De 1920. T r u n g t a m Luu trii Qudc gia 1, Ha Noi,
(2), J d u r n a l officiel de I'fndochine Francaise, Fevrier, 1926, T r u n g t a m L u u trii Quo'c gia I, Ha Ndi.
(3), (4), (5), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Cdc bdn thinh cdu cua nghi vien Thanh Hoa, Nghe An vd Hd Tinh, Nxb, Ddc Lap, Hue, 1926, tr, 3.
(6), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Cdc bdn thinh cdu cua nghi vien Thanh Hoa, Nghe An vd Hd Tinh, Nxb, DSc Lap, Hue, 1926, tr, 4,
(7), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Cdc bdn thinh cdu cua nghi vien Thanh Hoa, Nghe An vd Hd Tinh, Nxb, Dac Lap, Hue, 1926, tr. 3,
(8), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Cdc bdn thinh cdu cua nghi vien Thanh Hoa, Nghe An vd Hd Tinh, Nxb, Dac Lap, Hue, 1926, tr. 4,
(9), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dai hieu Vien, Cdc bdn thinh cdu cua nghi vien Thanh Hoa, Nghe An vd Hd Tinh, Nxb. Dac Lap, Hue, 1926, tr, 4,
(10), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hiii dong ndm 1927, Nxb, D i e Lap, Hue,
1927, tr. 44.
(11), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hgi dong ndm 1927, Nxb. Dac Lap, Hue, 1927, tr, 40.
(12). Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hgi dong ndm 1927, Nxb. DSc Lap, Hue,
1927, tr. 20.
(13), Trung Ky Nhan ddn Dai bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hgi dong ndm 1927, Nxb. Ddc Lap, Hue,
1927, tr, 40,
(14), Nguydn Q, Thdng, Huynh Thuc Khdng - con ngudi vd the) vdn, Nxb, Van hoc, Ha Noi, 2006, tr, 693,
(15), N g u y l n Q. Thdng, Huynh Thiic Khdng - con ngudi vd tha vdn, sdd tr, 693,
(16), Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hgi dong ndm 1928, Nxb, Ddc Lap, Hue, 1928, tr, 16.
(17). Trung Ky Nhdn ddn Dgi bieu Vien, Bien bdn ky Hgi dong ndm 1929, Nxb. Ddc LSp, Hue, 1929, tr, 10,
