Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
NGHIEN CUfU m CHON VA XAY DONG SaOO CONG NGHE KHAI THAC AP DUNG CHO DIEU KIEN VIA MONG, DOC CO DIEU KIEN PHUfC TAP
v u n g t h a n Quang Mnli
As estimated, total reserves of the inclined and thin coal seams with complicated conditions to the exploration level of - 300 at Quang Ninh coal basin that could not be exploited with mechanized mining methods could reach to more than 23 million tons.
Therefore, the selection and establishment of the coal mining flowsheet for inclined and thin coal seams with complicated conditions at Quang Ninh coal basin is one of the essential tasks
TS. NGUYEN ANH TUAN KS.NHiJr VIET TUAN KS. VU VAN HOI
Vien Khoa hgc Cong nghe Mo - Vinacomin
Theo danh gia, tdng trCf laong cac via mdng ddc cd dieu kien dja chat phac tap, khdng the ap dung cdng nghe CO gidi hda khai thac, thupc cac khoang sang than vung Quang Ninh tinh den mCfc
xuat va dadc Bd Cdng Thadng giao thac hien de tai: "Nghien cCru ap dung mpt sd giai phap ky thuat trong cdng nghe khai thac gaong Id ngan khi khai thac cac via than mdng, ddc vung Quang Ninh". Muc tieu thSm dd -300, khoang chfnh cua de tai la Ong dgng 23.176.100 tan (bang 1).
Hien nay, de khai thac cac via mdng dd'c cd dieu kien dja chat phCrc tap, cac md ham Id Quang Ninh thadng ap dgng he thdng khai thac Id dpc via phan tang ho§c dao Id lay than hoSc khdng huy ddng khai thac do hieu qua thap.
Cac cdng nghe khai thac ap dung cd chi phf met Id chuan bj Idn 30 -^ 50 m/1000 tan, san laPng khai thac thap, khoang 10.000 ^ 40.000 tan/nam, nang suat lao ddng thap 2,0 4- 3,0 tan/ngadi/ca, thdng gid cue bd, tdn that than cao 35%
^ 45%, ddi chd len tdi 60%.
Do vay, giai quyet bai toan nang cao hieu qua khai thac via mdng, ddc cd dieu kien dja chat phCrc tap dang la van de bac thiet hien nay.
De giai quyet nhCfng van de tren, nam 2010, Vien Khoa
hpc Cdng nghe Md - Vinacomin da nghien cOu, de
cac giai phap ky thuat, cdng nghe mdi de nang cao hieu qua, an toan trong khai thac via mdng, ddc cd dieu kien phCrc tap.
Tren cd sd dac diem dieu kien dia chat va kinh nghiem trong va ngoai nadc, de tai da xay dung sd do cdng nghe khai thac opt dai theo phaong, khau bang khoan nd min, chdng giOf Id chd bang gd, dieu khien da vach bang dai than lou, ap dgng cho cac via mdng, ddc cd dieu kien dja
chat phac tap vung Quang Ninh. Sd do cdng nghe khai thac nay ap dgng cho dieu kien via day ta 1,4m H- 2,2m;
ddc > 45°, da vach va da trg ben vufng, dn dinh trung binh trd len; via ta dn djnh den khdng dn djnh ve chieu day va gdc ddc, tra laong khdng tap trung, khdng cd nadc chay thanh ddng trong gaong khau.
Trong so do cdng nghe nay, gaong khau cd chieu dai khoang 40m ^ 45m, daoc cat cheo so vdi dadng phadng via de giam gdc ddc Id chp so vdi mat p h i n g nam ngang xudng cdn khoang 35° (tao gdc ddc gia). Khau gaong dadc thac hien bang khoan nd min, chdng bang vi chdng gd. Than ta gadng khau daoc thao mpt phan (khoang 25% ^ 30%), Bang 1. Tdng hap trOr lugng tai nguyen than cac via mong ddc CO dieu kign dja chat phuc tap vung Quang Ninh
Goc ddc via, do
35-55
>55
Tong cong
Trur lirong, tan 0,71-1,2m 3.340.000 14,41%
1.045.200 4,51%
4.385.200 18,92%
1,21-2,2m 14.598.100 62,99%
4.192.800 18,09%
18.790.900 81,08%
Tong cdng (tan)
17.938.100 77,40%
5.238.000 22,60%
23.176.100 100,00%
KHCNM SO 1+2/2011* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
phan cdn lai dadc dieu tiet tU"
chay ve phfa pha hda, hinh thanh cac dai than lou de dieu khien da vach. Cac dai than
ILTU cd chieu rpng khoang 8m -^ 15m, tuy thupc vao bade dieu khien da vach thadng ky va dadc phan each nhau bdi hang cui Idn gd (hoac hang cum cpt gd). Dai than luu daoc thu hdi song song vdi qua trinh khau gaong va ludn each gaong khai thac mpt dai ILTU
than.
Diem dac biet trong sd do cdng nghe nay la phadng phap dieu khien da vach sCf dung cac dai IL/U than nham giam ap lac md tac ddng len gUdng khai thac va tao gdc nghieng, giam dp ddc chung cua Id chp, thdng gid sCr dung ha ap chung cua md. So vdi cac cdng nghe hien dang ap dung tai cac md ham Id vung Quang Ninh, cdng nghe nay cd nhang uu, nhUdc diem nha sau:
Lfu diem: chdng giur va dieu khien ap lac md don gian; san ladng khai thac, nang suat lao dpng cao; ton that tai nguyen giam; thdng gid bang ha ap;
thfch Cmg linh hoat vdi dieu kien dia chat phCrc tap, trOf lapng khdng tap trung; dau ta ban dau thap va khdng ddi hdi trinh dp ky thuat cao.
Nhuac diem: chi phf gd Idn va cd the tdn that tai nguyen trong qua trinh thao than khi gap nadc hoac da vach yeu.
sap do, khd dieu khien.
Cd the khang dinh day la cdng nghe cd ti'nh kha thi cao, phu hop vdi dieu kien dja chat phac tap vung Quang Ninh.
Ta ket qua nghien CCJU cua de tai, Vien Khoa hpc Cdng
nghe Md da phdi hdp vdi cac md khao sat, xem xet va du"
kien daa vao ap dung cdng nghe khai thac tren trong khoang quy I va quy II nam 2011 tai via 10 Trang Khe II - Cdng ty than Hdng Thai, via
14 - 4 Xf nghiep than Cam Thanh va tai mpt sd khoang sang cua Xf nghiep than Khe Tam (Tay Ddng Bac Nga Hai, khu Hoa Binh) vdi cac via than cd chieu day via ta 1,2m H- 2,0 m, ddc 50° ^ 60°.
Tren cd sd ke hoach san xuat cua md va thda thuan daa cdng nghe vao ap dung giufa Vien KHCN Md va Cdng ty than Hdng Thai, de tai da tien hanh ti'nh toan, thiet ke cdng nghe cho dieu kien cua via 10 mCrc +165 ^ +200 khu Trang Khe II.
Tai khu vac thiet ke, chieu day via thay ddi ta 1,21m H- 2,41 m, trung binh 2,2m; gdc ddc via thay ddi ta 35° -^ 51°, trung binh 50°; da vach trac tiep la mpt tap tram tfch mem gdm set ket, set than phan bd dadi dang thau ki'nh khdng deu, chieu day ta 0,21m H-
0,33 m; vach cd ban la bpt ket xen kep cat ket phan bd deu day ta 2m - 10 m cd ndi day ta 15m -^ 25 m, on dinh va khd sap do: Idp vach trac tiep cd ban day, khd sap do, nen qua trinh khai thac bang cdng nghe Id dpc via phan tang tdn that than rat Idn, den hdn 60%, do khi tran than dapc nd min cadng bac, bi ban ra phfa khoang trdng phfa pha hda, khdng dadc lap day. Do vay, de nang cao hieu qua va an toan khai thac, can cd giai phap dieu khien vach phu hdp cho dieu kien nay.
Khu vac dadc chuan bj theo he thdng cpt dai theo phaong.
Id chd phan tang, chieu cao phan tang khoang 30 m. Theo ket qua ti'nh toan, gadng Id chd thiet ke cd chieu dai 41,6m, dadc cat cheo 40° so vdi dadng phaong via, tao gdc ddc Id chd xien chec 30° va dadc chia thanh 07 bac chan khay vdi chieu dai bac 6,4m, chieu rpng bac 2 m; gadng phan tiep giap vdi Id thdng gid cd chieu dai 2,5 m, khau chdng theo gdc ddc that cua via;
chieu rpng dai than luu 12 m.
Hinh 1. Sa do cong nghe khai thac
KHCNM S 6 1+2/2011* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
Khau gaong dadc thac hien bang khoan nd min trong cac chan khay theo hadng ta tren xudng dadi, chdng bang vi gd kieu thiu ngang, bade chdng 0,8m/vi. Trong qua trinh khau, chdng gaong khai thac, tien hanh thao, thu hdi than ta cac dai than luu, vj tn thao each gUdng khai thac mpt dai than laa.
So do cdng nghe va hd chieu khai thac dapc md ta tren hinh 1 va hinh 2.
a. Ho chieu khau bat mep
L6 dpc via thdng gJ6
b. Ho chieu khau thudng ky
16 dpc via thflng gi6 Hang c « va iuOi th6p ngan cAch d i i than luu
c. Ho khau ket thuc dien Hinh 2. Ho chieu khai thac Id chg
Bang 2 - Chi tieu kinh te- ky thuat cua Id chg TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Ten chi tieu Chieu day trung binh cua via Chieu cao khau gaong 16 chd Gdc ddc via trung binh
Gdc ddc cua 16 chp xien cheo
Chieu dai trung binh cua 16 chd xien cheo
San laong than khai thac trong mpt thang
Cong suat 16 chp
Nang suat lao dpng true tiep
Chi phf thudc nd cho 1000 tan than khai thac
Chi phi kfp nd cho 1000 ta'n than khai thac
Chi phf met 16 chuan bj cho 1000 tan than khai thac
Chi phf gd cho 1000 ta'n than khai thac
Chi phf ladi thep cho 1000 tan than khai thac
Tdn that khai thac
D&n vj m m Dp Dp m Tan Tan/nam Tan/cong
kg Cai
m m^
kg
%
Khdi lugng 2,2 2,2 50 30 41,6 7.950 95.400
3,54 220 581 17,3 62,5 190 18,5
'huyng an cofig ii'jh'j 'Mcz de "lua". cua d i ai Khai thac 16 dpc via phan ' i i r j
Hinh 3. Dd thj so sanh chi tieu kinh teky thuat cua cdng nghe theo dexuat cua de tai vA cdng nghe Id doc via phan tang
dang ap dung tai mo
KHCNM SO 1+2/2011* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
Cac chi tieu kinh te ky thuat cd ban cua cong nghe tfnh toan cho dieu kien cua via 10 mCrc +165 -^ +200 khu Trang Khe II dadc trinh bay trong bang 2.
Ta ket qua tren, de tai da so sanh vdi cac chi tieu kinh te ky thuat cua cdng nghe Id dpc via phan tang cd dieu kien tadng ta dang ap dgng tai md, ket qua so sanh dadc trinh bay tren do thj hinh 3.
Ket qua phan tfch tren cho thay, cac chi tieu kinh te ky thuat cua cdng nghe de xuat cao hdn hln so vdi cdng nghe dpc via phan tang dang ap dung tai md: san lapng khai thac cao hdn khoang hdn 2
lan; tdn that tai nguyen giam khoang^ 12%, gia thanh khai thac giam khoang 5%, chi phf met Id chuan bj giam ta 50 m/1000 tan than xudng cdn 17,3 m/1000 tan than khai thac dadc, cac chi tieu khac co ban tadng dadng.
Nha vay, trur ladng cac via mdng, ddc, cd dieu kien dja chat phCrc tap thudc cac khoang sang than vung Quang Ninh taong ddi Idn, trong khi cdng nghe khai thac dang ap dgng cd san ladng khai thac, nang suat lao ddng va mCrc dp an toan cdn rat han che, khdng dap Cmg daoc yeu cau. Sd do cdng nghe khai thac cpt dai theo phaong, khau bang khoan nd min, chdng gia Id
chp bang gd, dieu khien da vach bang dai than lau theo de xuat cua Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md r^t phu hdp vdi dieu kien dia chat ky thuat md vung Quang Ninh, kha thi cao ve mat kinh te, ky thuat^, an toan va dac biet cd the ap dung rpng rai trong thac te san xuat, giai quyet nhOrng khd khan trong khai thac via mdng, ddc hien nay./.
Tai lieu tham khao
1 - TS. Nguyen Anh Tuan.
"Nghien cUu ap dung mot so giai phap kT thuat trong cong nghe khai thac guang Id ng^n khi khai thac cac via than mong, doc vung Quang Ninh".
Ha Ndi. nam 2010.
]\ghieii cufu c h e t a o v a ap dung kip n o vi sai phi dien a n t o a n
(Tiep theo trang 39)
Day din tin hieu no'
Hinh 4. Sa do dau ndi mang ndsCfdung kip vi sal phi dien trong dao Id da
Nha vay, viec nang cao hieu qua khai thac via ddc tdc dp dao Id da va nang cao dang la nhOfng van de bac
xuc hien nay ddi vdi cac md ham Id Quang Ninh va vdi nhOrng ket qua bade dau dat dadc cua de tai: "Nghien cCfu ap dung cdng nghe khai thac va dao Id sCf dung kfp vi sal phi dien phdng nd che tao trong nadc" cd the khing djnh bai toan nay da cd Idi giai.
Trong thdi gian tdi, khi kfp nd vi sal phi dien an toan che tao trong nadc dapc san xuat quy md cdng nghiep va dadc phep sCr dgng rpng rai, chac chan se tao bade dot pha trong viec nang cao hieu qua, an toan trong san xua't than ham Id tai Viet Nam./.
Tai lieu tham khao
1 - PGS.TS. Phung Manh Dac. "Nghien cOu ap dung thCf
nghiem cdng nghe khai thac va dao Id sCf dung kfp no vi sal phi dien an toan phdng nd che tao trong nadc. Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md. Ha Ndi. Nam 2010.
KHCNM SO 1+2/2011* CNKT HAM LO
