RENEWED FIGHTING IN APRIL

O April 1, he s ar of he impleme a io of Resol io 435, clashes be ee S apo g erillas a d So h Africa sec ri forces broke o i orher Namibia . For i e da s he mos i e se figh i g i he his or of he border

ar raged alo g he 300 km fro ier. Accordi g o official fig res, 279 S apo comba a s a d 23 sec ri force members ere killed . O April 10, So h Africa, A gola a d C ba sig ed he Mo E jo Declara io o re-es ablish he ceasefire a d facili a e he g erillas' i hdra al o A gola hro gh U ag assembl poi s.

There has bee co siderable deba e abo ho as o blame for he figh i g . The deba e hi ges o he follo i g q es io s :

WHEN DID SWAPO FIGHTERS ENTER THE COUNTRY?

This q es io is impor a beca se Resol io 435 pro ides for a "cessa io of all hos ile ac s b all he paries a d he re s ric io of So h Africa a d S apo armed forces o base" (Sec ri Co cil doc me 5112636) . There as o be o cross border mo eme i he period immedia el follo i g he cease fire, hich as o begi a 4am o April 1 .

So h Africa claims ha a es ima ed 750-1000 g erillas e ered Namibia from A gola(Wi dhoek Obser er 8 .4 .89) . Accordi g o he UN Secre ar Ge eral, . he SWA Admi is ra or Ge eral i formed he UN Special Represe a i e i Namibia ha g erillas had crossed he border "d ri g he igh of March 31" (Namibia , 5 .4.89) . S apo's posi io is ha all he g erillas ere i he co r before he ceasefire deadli e, a d ha a a poi i ime i has al a s had a large mber of soldiers i Namibia (Namibia , 6 .4 .89) . O ce he figh i g bega a d he ceasefire as de fac o s spe ded, more g erillas crossed he border.

WHAT WAS THE INTENTION OF THE SWAPO FIGHTERS?

So h Africa claims ha he figh ers had hos ile i e a d pla ed o i s iga e iole ce (Wi dhoek Obser er, 8.4 .89) . S apo s a es ha i s soldiers ere der s ric orders o abide b he ceasefire a d o o i s iga e a ac s of mili ar hos ili ; heir i e io as o ha d hemsel es o er o U ag a d be co fi ed o base der UN s per isio (Namibia , 3 .4 .89) . Accord i g o S apo, he g erillas "fired o l i self-defe ce afer bei g h ed do a d, a acked" (Times of Namibia, 3 .4 .89) .

The Special Represe a i e repor ed o he UN Secre ar Ge eral ha he figh ers had o come i a "aggressi e capaci ", b i order o "ha d hemsel es o er" for co fi eme o base b he UN (Namibia , 5.4 .89) . The Secre ar Ge eral s bmi ed a repor o he Sec ri Co cil i hich hedsaid ha he comba a s' i s r c io s ere o es ablish bases i Namibia b o refrai from a acki g So h Africa forces ; he co cl ded ha he had o malicio s i e (Wi dhoek Obser er, 8 .4,89) .

Cape Democra s Kaapse Demokra e

NO .4 .

The posi io of he UN officials as based o he es imo ies of cap red g erillas, e ide ce a he sce es of he i i ial ba les, a d e e i ess acco s .

Accordi g o o e s ch acco , Mr Wedei ge Josiah, a school eachera Okahe ge, e co ered a g erilla shor l before he firs clash ook place . "I asked him ha he as doi g here a d he said o me : 'We came here i h o problems abo he ar . lr'11e heard o he radio ha he ar is o er . We ha e o come o figh . We ha e come home o li e i peace . O r p rpose is o o figh , e ha e come here o mee U ag'" . A shor hile la er he firs sho s ere fired : "The figh ers [S apo] ere rela i g der his ree he e heard he roar of ehicles i he dis a ce. The figh ers alked o o gree he ehicles, I hi k beca se he ho gh his as he U i ed Na io s comi g o mee hem . The I sa he smoke from he b sh, I heard he roar of g s, he Casspirs bega

o fire a hem a d ma of he figh ers died j s here . The o hers ra i o he b sh a d he ere h ed do "

(Cape Times 5 .4 .89) .

O her e e i ess acco s of he firs ba les co firm his s or (Wi dhoek Obser er, 8 .4 .89 ; S da Times, 9 .4 .8.9 ; Namibia , 1 1 .4 .89 a d 4 .4 .89 ; Times of Namibia, 4 .4 .89 a d 7 .4 .89) . S apo herefore arg es ha i as

he So h Africa sec ri forces ha broke he ceasefire .

WERE THE SWAPO FIGHTERS ENTITLED TO BE IN NAMIBIA?

Resol io 435 pro ides for he "res ric io of So h Africa a d S apo armed forces o base" . Af er he Resol io as passed, he UN Secre ar Ge eral clarified ha his mea i he case of S apo soldiers : "a S apo armed forces i Namibia a he ime of he ceasefire ill like ise be res ric ed o base a desig a ed loca io s i side Namibia o be specified b he Special Represe a i e af er ecessar co s l a io " (5113120, 26 .2 .1979)

I a s bseq e le er o PW Bo ha, he Secre ar Ge eral ro e ha his s a eme as "desig ed e cl si el o sol e he prob lem ha migh be crea ed b he prese ce, of a [S apo] forces [i Namibia] . I ake i from he mero s repor s I ha e recei ed from o r go er me of armed S apo ac i i i hi Namibia, ha o agree ha here ma be some s ch forces prese i Namibia a he ime of he ceasefire" (S113173, 15 .3 .79) . The claim ha S apo forces ere o be or h of he 16 h parallel i A gola co seq e l has o be based o he Ge e a Pro ocol, sig ed i A g s 1988 b So h Africa, C ba a d A gola . I pro ided, i er alia, for a ceasefire be ee he par ies a d for he i hdra al of C ba a d So h Africa forces from A gola . I also s a es : "A gola a d C ba shall se heir good offices so ha , o ce he o al i hdra al of So h Africa roops from A gola is comple ed, a d i hi he co e also of he cessa io of hos ili ies i Namibia, S apo's armed forces ill be deplo ed o he or h of he 16 h parallel" .

S apo did o par icipa e i he ripar i e ego ia io s a d as o a sig a or o he agreeme . Accordi g o Pik Bo ha, his as beca se S apo as o a go er me b o l o e of 20 par ies i Namibia, "a d if o

ego ia e i h [i ] o ha e o ego ia e i h all he o hers" (Times of Namibia, 12 .4 .89)

The case agai s S apo herefore hi ges o a le er ri e o he UN Secre ar Ge eral b he Preside of S apo af er he sig i g of he Ge e a Pro ocol . This le er s a es : "S apo has b i s o so ereig a d ila eral decisio , as a a io al libera io mo eme i accorda ce i h he spiri of he Ge e a agree me . . ., commi ed

i self o ake he ecessar s eps o help make he peace process i he So h-Wes Africa Regio irre ersible a d s ccessf l . I his co e , S apo has agreed o compl i h he comme cme of he cessa io of all hos ile ac s hich s ar ed as of A g s 1 i A gola . B he same oke , S apo ill be read o co i e o abide b his agreeme il he formal ceasefire der Resol io 435 is sig ed be ee S apo a d So h Africa" (5/20129) .

I a s bseq e repor o Namibia, he Secre ar Ge eral s a ed ha he S apo Preside had i formed him ha S apo had "agreed o compl i h he comme ceme of he cessa io of hos ili ies i accorda ce i h he Ge e a Pro ocol, a d o ld be read o abide b ha agreeme il he formal ceasefire der Resol io 435" (5/20412 ; G ardia , 6 .4 .89) .

S apo arg es ha he abo e doc me s co ai o l a agreeme o abide b he ceasefire . There is o e plici or implici agreeme o deplo i s forces or h of he 16 h parallel .

F r hermore, i erms of he Ge e a Pro ocol, s ch deplo me o ld appl o l " i hi he co e of a cessa io of hos ili ies i Namibia" . Al ho gh S apo agreed o abide b he cessa io of hos ili ies es ablished amo g So h Africa, A gola a d C ba, Pre oria ref sed o reciproca e i h respec o i . (So h Africa's reaso

as ha i as o a ar i h a o e i Namibia) . There as h s o formal ceasefire i Namibia prior o April 1 (S apo press s a eme , 8 .4 .89) .

HOW DID THE SECURITY FORCES RESPOND TO THE GUERILLAS?

D ri g he firs o eeks of he figh i g, Namibia ch rches, la ers a d e spapers repea edl acc sed he sec ri forces of commi i g a roci ies . These acc sa io s ha e si ce bee made b he o erseas media as

ell (Arq s,19.4 .89) .

O e of he mos serio s allega io s is ha he sec ri forces appeared o ha e a polic of aki g o priso ers.

The allega io as firs made b a h ma righ s la er i a repor o he Special Represe a i e af er a fac -fi di g missio o O ambo la d ; i as based o he large mber of g erillas killed a d he small mber cap red (Namibia , 6 .4 .89) . The So h Africa a hori ies immedia el de ied he claim .

A mber of jo r alis s ha e s bseq e l repor ed ha some of he dead bodies had o i j ries o her ha b lle holes i he ce re of heir foreheads (Weekl Mail, 21 .4 .89) . Spec la io ha some g erillas ere e ec ed afer cap re is f elled b he fac ha he sec ri forces d mped h dreds of bodies i mass gra es i ho compl i g i h he I q es s Ac , hich o ld ha e pro ided a i depe de e q ir i o ca se of dea h . A TV jo r a lis ho i er ie ed a Koe oe officer as old ha he o l priso ers ake ere "dead o es" (Cha el 2, Fra ce) .

People i O ambola d belie e ha he sec ri forces had lo g a icipa ed he prese ce of g erillas i Namibia af er April 1, a d had decided he o ld elimi a e as ma as possible (Weekl Mail, 21 .489) . 'Sec ri so rces' ha e bee repor ed as sa i g ha he police bega pla i g for a April 'i c rsio ' i Ja ar , a d had recr i ed

ol eers a d members of he SA Police o bols er heir forces (Weeke d Arg s, 8 .4 .89) .

The sec ri forces are also acc sed of assa l i g a d killi g ci ilia s, b r i g crops a d des ro i g kraals (Arg s,19 .4 .89) . Accordi g he Co cil of Ch rches of Namibia, hese e e s occ rred o o l i he hea of he figh i g, b as "malicio s" reprisals agai s illagers s spec ed of bei g S apo s ppor ers (Wi dhoek Obser er, 8 .4 .89) .

The Times of Namibia repor ed ha members of 101 Ba alio ere " ildl firi g sho s a ra dom a d i imida i g people, dri i g fear i o he illage [of OI o]" (4 .4 .89) . The E a gelical L hera Ch rch of Namibia se a ele

o he Special Represe a i e e pressi g co cer a he " holesale sla gh er" aki g place i he or h (Namibia , 5 .4 .89) . People i O ambola d belie e ha he sec ri forces s ripped he dead bodies of heir clo hi g a d ref sed o allo hem o be ide ified i order o hide he fac ha he i cl ded ci ilia s .

The acc sa io s are co sis e i h hose made o er he pas ears b mero s h ma righ s a d ch rch repor s o he ac io s of he sec ri forces. The repors ha e ge erall si gled o Koe oe , a special police co er-i s rge c i , as respo sible for errorisi g he ci ilia pop la io i he orh . Al ho gh Pik Bo ha said rece l ha Koe oe had bee disba ded as "a ac of good fai h", people i O ambola d repor ha he police i ol ed i he rece figh i g ere Koe oe members : "i is he same faces, he same Casspirs, he same

iforms" (Namibia 3 .4 .89) .

As i er a io al co dem a io of he sec ri forces mo ed, a d he Special Represe a i e prepared a repor o heir ac i i ies, he SWA Admi is ra or Ge eral a o ced he forma io of a perms e commissio of e q ir i o he allega io s of harrassme a d i imida io (Cape Times, 20 .4 .89) .

ISSUED BY THE NAMIBIA INFORMATION GROUP, CAPE DEMOCRATS, P .0 BOX 21, SALT RIVER, 7925

Work ! Progress

The b mps

alo g

Namibia's

road o

freedom

A s Namibia l rches o ards i depe de ce, se eral iss es ha e emerged hich co ld impede a smoo h

ra si io i he mo hs ahead . The follo i g is a brief o li e of some of he poi s of

disagreeme , accompa ied b q o es from some of he ke ac ors i he Namibia se leme pla :

So h Africa is i sis i g ha he o i g age be 21 ears, o 18 . S apo a d he Namibia Na io al S de s' Orga isa io (Na so) sa

his is a plo o e cl de he

ho sa ds of mili a o h ac i is s ho s ppor he libera io mo eme .

* SA Admi is ra or Ge eral Lo is Pie aar: `I So h Africa, he erm ad l mea s people o er 21 . As far as I am co cered, he o i g age sho ld be 21' .

* Na so Preside Pa l Kale ga :

`Probabl 30 perce of he o i g pop la io is aged be ee 18 a d 21, a d he majori are poli icised ac i is s orki g i he S apo Yo h Leag e a d i Na so - he are mili a S apo members. So h Africa is r i g o e cl de hese people from o i g, lo eri g he

mberof o esfor S apo' .

* S apo Dep Na io al Chairperso Da Tjo garero : `The k o his age gro p is a mili a pro-S apo por io of he pop la io : o e has oask he her he elec io

ills ill be free a dfairif his is accep ed' .

2

So h Africa is i sis i g ha he q alif i g period of reside cefor o i g be as shor as possible . There is e ide ce ha U i s rebel roops a d So h Africa roops are bei g regis ered as `ci i e s' o boos he a i-S apo o e .

* Pie aar: `M o choice is o make he reside ce period as shor as possible, some hi g like 12 mo hs' .

* E ec i e of he Co cil of Ch rches i Namibia (CCN) : `U i s members are bei g iss ed i h Namibia ci i e ship o e able hem

o o e agai s S apo' .

* Tjo garero (speaki g a a S apo rall i Wi dhoek) : `A emp s are bei g made o e large he mbers of

hose ho are goi g o o e for he e em i he elec io s, o make s re

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S apo does o ge a o hirds majori (a d be able o be he o righ go er me ) . Ma of he So h Africa roops ho ha e do e mili ar ser ice here ha e bee iss ed i h Namibia ide i doc me s' .

3

^The o orio s Koe oe co er i s rge c i - `credi ed' i h 70 perce of all g erilla dea hs a d allegedl respo sible for some of he

ors a roci ies i he ar - has s pposedl bee disba ded a d i s members i egra ed i o he reg lar police force . B here is ample e ide ce (i cl di g some see b

his ri er) ha he members of he i ha e simpl do ed e

iforms . The 3 000 Koe oe me illform almos half he Namibia police force of 6 300 assig ed o

`mai ai la a d order' i he ra si io process,

* Pie aar: `Koe oe o lo ger e is s. The i has dissol ed comple el , a d he me ha e bee se for re rai i g (as reg lar policeme ) . Some co ld o be re rai e4, a d he ill o ha e he ra k of policeme i h po ers of arres ' .

* Major Ge eral Dolf Go s, commissio er of he SWA Police:

`S apo ere o he e em , he ere crimi als . All crimi als are he e em of he police, a d he he s op bei g crimi als, he are o

i. . ,,., . . ,. , . .,

lo ger he e em . . , E erbod i his i as a policema before, he are rai ed policeme , he ill help mai ai la a d order' . Go s said i a separa e i er ie i h he Times of Namibia ha he polici g role o ld keep hem emplo ed a d

pre e hem aki g p arms agai s S apo' .

* Tjo garero : `If Koe oe ha e bee rai ed o be killers, if he ha e bee rai ed o be e ermi a io sq ads, if heir o l rai i g as

o ards he e ermi a io of S apo, o e o ders he her he s ai o

heir brai s ca be dimi ished i j s fo r mo hs' .

4, Legal Assis a ce Ce re direc or Da id Sm s : `I ha e serio s do b s abo Koe oe 's abili o be impar ial . . . U ag ( he U i ed Na io s mo i ori g force i Namibia) ill ha e o be e remel

igila as o ha Koe oe is doi g d ri g he elec io s, a d he do ' seem o ha e s fficie people o do

ha ' .

4' Sec ri police chief i spec or Derek Br e: `(The challe ge faci g

he Koe oe me ) is basicall o li e i ormal socie agai a d o opera e as ormal members of socie , a d o as people hose primar aim is o h rai ed

erroris s, b o be able o reac i a

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S apo's Dar TJo garero o SA's proposal o cha ge he o i g age : '.. . o e has o ask he her he elec io ill s ill be free a d fair', ormal fashio i a ormal si a io

. , , No perso as e er arres ed or kep i de e io o a illegal basis (b Koe oe ) ha soe er' .

4

^{S apo, i} i s eco omic polic doc me , sa s i ill o e propria e hi e farms hich are prod c i e a d sef l o he

eco om . B hose farms hich are l i g idle, sed as a loopholes or

o ed b abse ee la dlords ill be e propria ed, a d heir o ers paid o .

4' I depe de eco omic co s l a Eric La g, himself a farm o er: `I

hi k he agric l ral sec or has o bee maki g i s j s co rib io o

he s a e re e e . De elopme m s s ar aki g place i he r ral areas. I belie e la d ha is j s bei g sed as

eeke d h i g lodges is o

Lef , S apo's P blici Secre ar Hidipo Ham e a, a d righ , Secre ar of Foreig Affairs Nico Bessi ger I Vie a I 1987 maki g a co rib io o he

eco om a d sho ld be looked a er cri icall ' .

* Afrika er Weers a dsbe egi g leader He drik a As: `We are defi i el goi g o figh ( his iss e), a d e ill ake p he, eapo s e eed a he mome e eed hem' .

* Farmer He drik Ko e : `If S apo ries o ake a a o r farms,

he majori of hi e people ill

become hi e erroris s i heir o co r ' .

5

S apo sa s i ill a o b sig ifica shares i he mi i g ho ses (fig res of 49 a d 50 perce are bei g me io ed) a d se heir share of he profi s o b ild a seco dar ma fac ri g sec or

hich ill help red ce he co r 's depe de ce o mi i g . A prese ,

Namibia impor s 80 perce of i s eeds a d e por s 80 perce of i s prod c s . The mi es co rib e o e

hird of he gross domes ic prod c , pro ide 85 perce of he e por s, a d pa j s der half he co r 's

o al a es .

* CDM diamo d mi e e ec i e direc or Abel Bo er : `We ha e o problems i h S apo, e ca li e

i h hem' .

* Rossi g Urai i m ge eral ma ager Dr Michael Ba e ( hose compa 's share of he gross domes ic prod c is be ee 17 a d 20 perce ) : `Rossi g is looki g for ard o orki g i a i depe de Namibia . V a sell

ra i m o he orld marke a d as a res l of he Namibia associa io

i h So h Africa, sa c io s ha e bee ha i g q i e a impac o s . So e are looki g for ard o a e d

o ha i er a io al press re' .

6

The SADF is o ri g he co r , elli g people o o o e for S apo a d offeri g o reb ild homes eads .

* Democra ic T r halle Allia ce leader Dirk M dge : `E er ime he mili ar ells people o o e for he DTA, i 's a o her o e for S apo' . To Wea er

Some sol ed riddles of he killi g eld

"I'M o a mili ar ma ," said a S a- po s ppor er i Wi dhoek's Ka ra o ship las eek, "b here's some hi g ha reall orries me abo ho all hose Pla figh ers died o April l ."

No ha he ar i he or h has died do , Namibia s are begi i g o ask probi g q es io s abo he blood o eeks of co flic .

If a hi g, he Ka ra reside 's co cer is oiced more bl l b ci- ilia s i O ambola d . There, i is firml belie ed ha he S apo g errillas came across he A gola border j s before a d o he firs da of he ra si io process, he ere amb shed b he So h Wes Africa Police .

The ci ilia s rejec he S apol de- scrip io of e e s, hich esse iall res s o he claim ha "ro i e pa-

rols" came across racks, follo ed hem, a d ere fired po .

The poi o- he er large m- bers killed i he i i ial clashes, com- pared i h he o eeks ha fol- lo ed .

No reliable global fig re is a aila- ble . B accordi g o official so rces, 38 g errillas - as compared i h o policeme - ere killed i o e e gageme , ear R aca a, o April 1 . A police spokesma la er said here had bee 30 "co ac s" o ha da .

Reside s of Nor her Namibia be- lie e ha S apol - a d more specif- icall , he "re amed" eleme s of Koe oe - k e all abo he immi- e crossi g, a d simpl le S apo

alk i o a amb sh .

Obserers i Wi dhoek also poi o lo g-s a di g So h Africa claims ha S apo had bee hea il i fil ra -

edb Pre oria's i ellige ce age cies . if hese ere r e, he ask, ho as a i fil ra io o a scale d arfi g a hi g i he 23 ear-old ar car- ied o de ec ed il i as oo la e?

Agai s his, Pre oria has p i oq record ha complai s had bee lodged i h he U i ed Na io s for se eral eeks prior o April l, de ail- i g a S apo b ild- p i so her A gola, belo he 16 h Parallel .

Ne er heless, he si e of he i fil- ra io as e er hi ed a , a d he q es io s abo he "amb sh" per- sis , par ic larl amo g S apo s p- por ers.

There ha e also bee a gr S apo acc saio s ha e e if, as So h Africa

sa s, reg lar police -- o arm - i s a acked he g errillas, he iola ed agreeme s b o limii g hemsel es o he carr i g of small arms.

Ma ci ilia s allege ha he S ap- ol Casspirs ere armed i h heir c s omar roof op ca o s he he firs "co ac s" ere made . Koe oe members sa , ho e er, ha he big g s had bee disma led a d ere l i g i side he ehicles he he firefrgh s s ared - a d ere refi ed d ri g he ba les.

As i h all o her eleme s of he comple peace package, here is am- big i abo he se of hea eap- o s : he police ere res ric ed o he se of side-arms, e cep i g i

"e raordi ar circ ms a ces" . S apol arg es a e raordi ar si - aio , as e isaged b he rele a cla se, did arise.

The derl i g acc sa io - i has o l his eek bee p blicl aired - is ha Koe oe , i h or i ho he k o ledge or appro al of he arm a d he poliicia s, e ploi ed a op- por i o ipe o as ma of Pla 's figh ers as possible - a d i h effeci e i er a io al appro al . There ere q ick a d empha ic de- ials from he sec ri forces ha a

" o priso ers" polic had bee adop - ed . Ho e er, for he pre io s o eeks here had bee bee spec la- io amo g jo r alis s i O ambo- la d ha a mber of g errillas ap- peared o ha e bee sho hro gh he head a poi -bla k ra ge, s gges i g

ha o all had died i firefgh s.

This eek, co gressio al aides a d

The more e lear abo Namibia's blood border ba le, he more he p le

deepe s . If So h Africa i ellige ce ha e i deed i filra ed S apo

as hea il as he like o claim, h did he bigges -e er border crossi g ome as a s rprise? Wh ere S apo's hea ies losses righ

a he begi i g he he sho ld ha e bee geared p

for a a ack? Perhaps beca se he b mbled i o a

rap?

B SHAUN JOHNSON

i Namibia

reporers i Washi g o ere bl l old ha ma Pla figh ers had bee

"effec i el e ec ed" . A ele isio doc me ar programme, compiled b a gro p called So h Africa No , sho ed pic res of dead g errillas.

I also records he has mass-gra e b rials - si ce said b So h Afri- ca officials o ha e bee for a e b " a oidable" - a d his has f elled he grisl h po hesis.

Ma of hese aspec s co ld be clar- ified if pa hological a d ballis ical i -

es iga io s are der ake o bodies of e h med g errillas.

A d here remai o her clear fac- ors. Ci ilia s o der he her he compromisi g charac er of S ap- ol's offe si e had he appro al of he SWA Terri or Force a d he So h Africa Defe ce Force.

There is also cer ai o er he f ll role pla ed b poli icia s, s ch as Admi is ra or-Ge eral Lo is Pie aar a d Foreig Mi is er Pik Bo ha .

B i is self-e ide ha if e e some of he claims are pro ed o be s bs a i el r e, he i er a io al diploma ic gai s made b So h Afri- ca si ce April l, ill be drama icall red ced.

A d, for he firs ime, a e io ill be dra a a from he s ill- resol ed arg me s abo he her he g errilla mo eme had legi ima e

gro ds for belie i g ha i s figh ers SWA police lo er he bod of a S apo g errilla I o a mass gra e o side Oshaka l

co ld s rface i Namibia i peace. Ic r JOHN LEBENBERO, He W

THE So h Africa -backed Democra ic T mhalle Allia ce (DTA) has bee rai i g i s o paramili-

ar police i i or her Nambia.

This has bee claimed b Namibia s i he or h of he co r .

The rai ees a d heir i s r c ors ha e bee ide - ified as former members of he So h Wes Afri- ca Terri or For e's 102 ba allio ad he o ori- o s police co er-i s rge c i , Koe oe .

Reside s i Op a, ear Kaokola d i or her Namibia, repor ha more ha 200 "DTA police"

perform mili ar drills ad ph sical e ercises dai- l .

The are also said o be recei i g rai i g i he se of small arms a he earb Op o Airbase . Similar repor s ha e also bee recei ed from he o of R d .

So rces i he area claimed ha he me repo si- ble for se i g p he police force ere a Major A Nge de, S aff Sergea Fred Thigh r a d o her SWATF soldiers .

Nge de appare l old he prospec i e cops a a briefi g ha heir ask o ld be o de ai a o e fo d i imida i g DTA s pporers .

The ere also old ha he o ld be req ired o a e d all S apo mee i gs, i plai clo hes, a d ake do he ames of e er speaker, as ell as

ha as said.

Nge de also promised ha each cop o ld be armed i h a pis ol a d paid R300 a mo h from

he ribal offices.

A DTA official de ied k o ledge of he "DTA police" he approached for comme .

WEEKLY MAIL, AprIl 21 o April 27 1989 9