AN ANALYSIS OF THE STANDARDS OF LIVING AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE EAST WIGGINS FAST TRACK. Tab~e ~.17 Number of households that have access to a home telephone 64 Table 4.18 Levels 4 Internal Home Improvements 66 Table4.19 Levels of External Home Improvements ea.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
Furthermore, land policy allows the market to operate, making it difficult to secure adequate and suitable land for low-income people. However, people with low incomes should be settled on suitable and suitable land so that they can improve their quality of life, as argued in the housing policy.
RESEARCH QUESTION
SUBSIDIARY QUESTIONS
Therefore, the central aim of this thesis is to assess whether well-located land for low-income housing projects makes a difference, as hypothesized. Attention will be paid to beneficiaries of low-income housing projects living close to CBD, in assessing the impact of location on their living standards and quality of life.
HYPOTHESIS
DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS
- HOUSING PROJECTS
- LIVING STANDARDS
- QUALITY OF LIFE
- HOUSING BENEFICIARIES
- CLOSE TO THE CITY CENTRE
Yeld (1997) links quality of life to services such as adequate housing, electrification and access to clean water. Improving these factors or access to them means a better quality of life.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
SECONDARY SOURCES
PRIMARY SOURCES
- CASE STU DY
- SAMPLING
The researcher used systematic sampling following Bailey (1987), interviewing every seventeenth house. The researcher focused on the head of the household. In certain circumstances where the head of the household was unavailable, the researcher interviewed the wife/husband or partner of the head.
Chapter Outline
This chapter includes the historical background of the case study area, which is the East Wiggins Fast Track. The researcher examines the impact of the location on improving the living standards and quality of life of the beneficiaries.
INTRODUCTION
SOUTH AFRICAN CITY-THE PROBLEMS OF THE PAST
ACCESS TO WELL-LOCATED LAND FOR HOUSING
Additionally, Dewar and Watson (1991) also stated that South African cities are characterized by the fragmented, coarse-grained nature of the urban fabric. The local shopping and social function of the area has been designed to meet the daily needs of residents.
DISTANCE AND TIME BUDGET
He goes on to argue that people closer to urban centers are better off than people on the outskirts in terms of economic benefits. It looks at the side of the time constraint caused by the location on the outskirts of the city with long distances and transportation costs.
URBAN CHANGES AND THE PRESENT HOUSING CONDITION
- THE SOUTH AFRICAN HOUSING POLICY
- RESTRUCTURING THE APARTHEID CITY
- DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION ACT
- URBAN DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK
- THE CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS TO THE NEW PLANNING SYSTEM
- FACTORS THAT CONSTRAINT THE RESTRUCTURING PROCESS
It is the main policy guide for the implementation of the Habitat Agenda in South Africa. Most of the unbuildable vacant land is located on the periphery, which is contrary to the objective of restructuring, as it will lead to the reinforcement of the past pattern of placing the poor on the periphery. Dwellings located on the outskirts of the city continue to disadvantage the poor and make their lives expensive and inconvenient (Adebayo, 1999).
CONCLUSION
The principle of the willing buyer and the willing seller in the market situation excludes poor people who cannot afford to pay for land (Motladi: 1995). The housing capital grant indirectly limits the location of low-income housing because it allocates only R1000 per location, which is lower than the market price of well-located land. While restructuring is a good idea, it is undermined by the factors discussed above, including access to land, competing claims for vacant land, the functioning of land markets, the housing subsidy and land invasion.
INTRODUCTION
LOCATION OF THE AREA
It is emerging as a holistically planned, balanced and economically sustainable city-within-a-city; compact urban settlement that positively affects the development of the entire province of KwaZulu-Natal. The project aims to redress the inequalities created by the apartheid government and create a new sustainable urban environment. The development vision of the GMDP is to ensure the provision of affordable housing for those on low incomes, to achieve economic development and to avoid the large, monotonous, unsafe and environmentally unsustainable estates that were created by the previous government .
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE AREA
Development involves the provision of industrial and office parks, commercial and manufacturing opportunities, housing, transport, infrastructure, educational, social and recreational facilities (GMDA Report, 1997-98).
IMPACT OF APARTH~ID AND ITS RESISTANCE
REFORMS AND DEVELOPMENT
Presidential project of the Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP) that seeks to address the imbalances created by the apartheid government, as mentioned above. The aim of the project is to create an efficient and productive city within a city. Much of the land in the project has been designated as less formal settlement land within the meaning of the Less Formal Township Establishment Act, No.
FUNDING FOR THE PROJECT
The East Wiggins Fast Track housing project, which is the case study area for this study, comprises 900 acres of land available for development. In the East Wiggins Fast Track, all beneficiaries interviewed by the researcher received a full subsidy of R17 250. The Shayamoya residential rental housing project near the East Wiggins Fast Track is still under construction.
ALLOCATION OF SITES TO THE BENEFICIARIES OF EAST WIGGINS FAST TRACK
ACCESS TO FACILITIES
SERVICES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
Sanitation: Water borne sewage is included in all new housing projects in the area and social facilities. Stormwater was given attention in the early phase of the project because the area is prone to flooding as it is crossed by the Umkhumbane and Blinkbonnie rivers (Cato Manor Development Project Status Report: 2000). But the people who are on the edge of the area near SPCA do not benefit as much from the public telephones because they are far from their area.
FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES IN CATO MANOR
This problem undermines the principles of sustainable development, living standards and quality of life of beneficiaries.
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
ACCESS TO THE AREA AND THE AREAS WHERE THEY LIVE BEFORE
According to Makhathini and Xaba (1995), people in Cato Manor informal settlements came as unorganized groups and individuals to occupy the land in search of safe accommodation.
THE REASONS WHY THEY MOVED TO THIS PROJECT
The households that moved due to family problems and riots are from rural areas and townships in Durban, while those affected by floods were from Cato Crest, the Cato Manor informal settlement. Some of those who settled because it was the available place to live are from the townships and the informal settlements at Cato Manor and other areas. The discussions held by the researcher with the households showed that the beneficiaries before they settled in informal settlements in Cato Manor were from rural areas in different provinces and they came in search of employment and better places than rural areas characterized by riot.
TYPE OF OWNERSHIP
They brought their children because they didn't have time and couldn't afford to pay for the person to look after children in rural areas. For all these households, location was not considered a priority, but it was just a place where they can access land and stay. The interesting thing about this is that although this is a large size, they are not overcrowded.
LOCATION OF THE AREA
THE PROBLEMS THEY EXPERIENCE IN THE AREA
IMPACT OF LOCATION IN THEIR LIVING STANDARDS AND QUALITY OF LIFE
TRANSPORT
TIME BUDGET
EMPLOYMENT RATE
The areas of employment will help the researcher to determine the cost of transportation and the time they spend walking in their areas of work. The problem arises when people have to go back home, they have to go to the taxi stand to get transport. This table shows the availability of transport in terms of money and time in the project.
INFORMAL BUSINESS (SECTOR)
Practice of Gardening in the Area
- SAVINGS
- ACCESS TO FACILITIES
- SHOPPING AREAS
- INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES
- SERVICES THEY WOULD LIKE TO HAVE IN THEIR HOUSES
People in this area earn low incomes, and some have no income at all. Beneficiaries have access to many services and infrastructure as discussed in the previous chapter. Households in the area have residential access to the road, which is marked with numbers.
Internal Improvements
Internal Improvements
External Improvements
Material Used: It is important to know the material used for consolidation because it will help the researcher to understand if the improvements that have been made helped to improve their standard of living and quality of life as the majority of people come from informal settlement, where most of the time recycled material was used for shelter. The majority of people in the area have used blocks, besters and cement, while others have used corrugated iron, plastic and asbestos in roofing.
Material Used
Material Used
CONCLUSION
Most people in the area have managed to improve their houses inside and out. The services provided in this area have helped to improve their quality of life and standard of living. It is difficult to say that they can be placed anywhere in the city.
CONCLUSION
The research results show that some of the beneficiaries have managed to improve their houses both internally and externally. The results show that the location of the area has helped the beneficiaries to consolidate. The beneficiaries of the East Wiggins Fast Track housing project have benefited from the project's location.
RECOMMENDATIONS
New events such as the East Wiggins Fast Track are still in the development process, so the threshold for future activities will be raised. In a survey conducted in the East Wiggins Fast Track, the researcher found that in the next ten years, East Wiggins Fast Track households will be overcrowded due to the increasing number of grandchildren (teenage pregnancy). People in the project will be more economically active, as the markets that will encourage informal business are still in the process of development.
Development and Planning Commission: Source document on the principle of chapter 1 of the Development Facilitation Act, 1995. Makhathini, M., 1999: Restructuring the apartheid city of Durban through low-cost development: opportunities and constraints, Dissertation of MSc, University of Natal, Durban. Posselthwyat, C., 1986: Reuniting the divided city: working mothers in the planned environment, MCRP Dissertation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town.
APPENDIX
16 \Alhat are the most important services that we would like to have in this house. 26(a) What is the good of your being here. b) What are the bad things about being here.
