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Complex plumbing systems in the near subsurface: Geometries of authigenic carbonates from Dolgovskoy Mound (Black Sea) constrained by analogue experiments

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Academic year: 2019

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Fig. 1. (A) Bathymetric map around the study area with Shatsky Ridge and Dolgovskoy Mound (red dot), inset of Black Sea map; (B) detail from MAK58BS sidescan sonar line (perimeter framed inimage C) through Dolgovskoy Mound with sampling stations and (C) sub bottom profiler and image of deep towed MAK58BS sidescan sonar line through Dolgovskoy Mound.
Table 1
Fig. 2. Slab shaped carbonates. (A) Seafloor image showing laterally extensive carbonate slabs; image view approximately 1.2 m; (B) hand specimen offinely laminated and carbonate cemented sedimentary Unit 1; note some small degassing vesicles on the upper surface filled by microbial colonies(arrowed); (C) thin section image perpendicular to lamination showing layering of alternated coccolith-rich and clay-rich layers; (D) detail of area framedin image (C) showing alternations of darker pyrite-organic-calcite-rich layers (d) and lighter coloured clay-rich layers (l).
Fig. 3. Cavernous shaped carbonate. (A) Seafloor image showing irregular morphology; image view approximately 1.2 m; (B) large block of carbonatecemented sedimentary Unit 1, the internal part of the block is void and coated by thick mats of microbial colonies; the upper part if the block ischaracterized by up to 1 cm sized degassing vesicles and several centimetres sized ‘‘chimney like’’ features that pierce the hollow block; the deformedcarbonate cemented laminae are visible throughout the block; on the central part of the carbonate sample are visible pipes horizontally oriented and tubesthat form an intricate network in the subsurface; (C) details from area framed in image (B) showing some of the pipes horizontally oriented; (D) exampleof cavernous hand specimen entirely coated with thick pinkish microbial mat in the internal part; (E) details of microbial mat with authigenic carbonatelayers precipitating inside (arrowed); (F) thin section image of sparitic authigenic carbonate precipitating within the microbial mat.
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