He rite tonu te whakaputaina o ngā momo tatauranga hei whakamārama i ngā tini āhuatanga e hua ake ana i te ao mātauranga; ko ngā tatauranga whakamātautau, reo
matatini, pāngarau, kuhunga whare wānanga, tohu whare wānanga anō hoki. Ka mutu, ka kaha tīkina ngā momo tatauranga nei hei tūtohu angitu, hei arotake rānei i tā tētahi kura haere, otirā, hei taunakitanga mō ngā momo kōrero angitu ka puta i tēnā, me tēnā.
Na, mō te tūpono ka kīia e ētahi ko te ārai kē i te kino o ngā tatauranga KKM tāku e whai nei i ēnei mahi mā te kimi kurī noa i ētahi anō hua, me aro ka tika mō tētahi wā paku nei ki ngā tatauranga nei.
Kua kaha te whakapāohotia, otirā, te kōrerotia o ngā tatauranga mātauranga Māori, ā, he rite tonu ngā whakatau a tēnā, me tēnā; ko ngā ākonga kei ngā kura rumaki (ko ngā
KKM ka kuhu ki ēnei tatauranga), kei ngā kura reorua rānei kei mua kē i ō rātou whanaunga Māori i ngā kura auraki e haere ana. He nui ake te ōrau o ngā ākonga kura
rumaki, kura reorua rānei ka whakatutuki i ngā taumata o Te Tohu Mātauranga ā-Motu, i ngā paearu reo matatini me te pāngarau, tae atu rā ki te tohu Kuhunga Whare Wānanga, tērā i ngā ākonga Māori kei ngā kura auraki (Ministry of Education, 2007,
2009; Waitangi Tribunal, 2012; Murray, 2007; Wang & Harkness, 2007). Ka mutu, i ōna wā, ka pai ake ngā tautauranga ākonga Māori i ngā ākonga Pākehā (Waitangi
I whakakaohia e te kāhui māngai mō Te Kōhanga Reo ētahi tatauranga hei taunaki i te kerēme WAI2336 a Te Kōhanga Reo i te tau 2010. Kei raro iho nei ētahi o ērā tatauranga e rārangi mai ana;
Tā Mereana Selby (2009), nōna i aro ki ngā tatauranga mātauranga mō tētahi kāhui KKM, kura nohoanga Māori anō hoki, he nui ake te ōrau o ngā ākonga o taua kāhui kura Māori rā i whakatutuki i Te Tohu Mātauranga Motu (i ōna taumata katoa) i te tau 2009 tērā i te tau hea ā-motu. Ko ngā tau hea ā-motu ko ēnei; 72% (taumata 1), 76% (taumata 2), 70% (taumata 3). Heoi anō, ko ngā tatauranga mō te kāhui kura Māori ko ēnei; 97% (taumata 1), 94% (taumata 2), 93% (taumata 3) (i roto i tā Waitangi Tribunal, 2012, p. 110).
I te tau 2010, he nui ake te tatauranga o ngā ākonga Māori i ngā kura rumaki, kura reorua rānei i whakawhiwhia ki te tohu Kuhunga Whare Wānanga (51.5%), tērā i te tau hea Māori ā-motu (23%), ka mutu, e āhua ōrite ana ki te tau hea mō ngā ākonga i ngā kura auraki (50.5%) (Waitangi Tribunal, 2012, p. 112; Ministry of Education, 2007).
84% o ngā ākonga i ngā kura rumaki reo Māori i whakatutuki i ngā paearu reo matatini i te tau 2008 tērā i te 68.4% o ngā ākonga Māori i ngā kura auraki. Ka mutu, he pērā hoki te āhua o ngā tatauranga mō te tau 2007 (Ministry of Education, 2009; Waitangi Tribunal, 2012, p. 111).
TKKM o HWM.
I tua atu i ngā tatauranga whānui i runga nei, i tirohia hoki e te kairangahau nei ētahi tatauranga e hāngai pū ana ki TKKM o HWM mō ngā tau 2008-2012. Hāunga anō te torutoru o ngā tāngata e kōrerohia ana i ngā tatauranga nei, me ngā momo uauatanga ka puta mō te taha ki te mana, ki te tika rānei o ngā tatauranga, anei tonu ētahi o ngā
kitenga i puta6.
I te nuinga o te wā he ōrite, he pai ake rānei ngā tatauranga mō TKKM o HWM tērā i te tatauranga Māori ā-motu mō ngā ākonga ka whakatutuki i Te Tohu Mātauranga ā-Motu.
Atu i te tau 2010, he pai ake te tatauranga o TKKM o HWM mō ngā ākonga ka whakatutuki i te Kuhunga Whare Wānanga tērā i te tatauranga Māori ā-motu. Ka mutu, i te tau 2013, 100% ngā ākonga i te tau 13 i whakawhiwhia ki taua tohu rā.
6 He mea tango ngā tatauranga mō TKKM o HWM ake i te whārangi ipurangi a Te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa. Heoi, he putunga hōtuku kē tēnei; tā te kairangahau he raweke i ngā kōnae kia kitea rā anōtia ngā tatauranga e hiahia ana. Ko ngā tatauranga mō te iwi Māori whānui i tango mai i tā Te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa rīpoata mō Te Tohu Mātauranga ā-Motu mō te tau 2012 (NZQA, 2013). I whakakotahitia mai ngā tatauranga i ngā wāhi e rua e pai ai taku whakatairite i ngā momo e rua, otirā, ko te hua o ērā mahi kei te Āpitihanga 1 e takoto mai ana.
Mai i ngā tau 2008-2012, he pakari ake ngā tatauranga reo matatini i ngā tau 11 ki te 13 o TKKM o HWM, tērā i ngā tatauranga Māori ā-motu. Ka mutu, i ngā tau 2011 me te 2012, 100% te whakatutukitanga.
He taumaha ake te taha ki ngā paearu pāngarau, me te aha, ina aro pū ki ngā paearu nei hei ine i te angitu, ko te whakatau, i ētahi taumata, kei muri kē TKKM o HWM e haere ana. Tā ngā tatauranga, kei raro ngā whakatutukinga tau 11 i te tau hea Māori ā-motu mō ngā tau e rima kua hori ake nei (2008-2012).
Ahakoa kāore ngā tatauranga tau 12, tau 13 anō hoki i eke ki te tau hea ā-motu i te tau 2008 me te tau 2010, kei kite tonu atu i ngā tau e rua kua hipa, kua tino pakari haere TKKM o HWM. I te tau 2011, 100% te whakatutukinga i aua taumata e rua. Waihoki, i te tau 2012, 87.5% te whakatutukinga i te taumata tau 12 (92.5% te tau hea ā-motu), ā, 100% te whakatutukinga i te taumata tau 13.
Nō reira kei te kite tonu atu, ka eke ana ngā ākonga ki ngā tau 12, 13 rānei, ka pakari ake te whakatutukihia o ngā paearu.
Heoi anō, ka ura tonu ake te pātai, ‘He aha ia ka pahawa i te whakatairaite i ngā tatauranga o TKKM o HWM ki kura kē atu?’ Otirā, ‘E tino mārama ana rānei, mā te aro ki ngā tatauranga nei, kua tino ahu pēhea TKKM o HWM i roto i ngā tau, ā, e ahu pēhea ana ā muri ake nei?’
Hāunga anō tā ngā tatauranga i whakapae ai, mā te aro pū ki ngā tatauranga nei, mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā tatauranga hei ine i te pai o tā te kura haere, tērā i kura kē atu, tē kitea e te tangata te horopaki, tē aro rānei i a ia te whānuitanga o ngā kōrero e hāngai ana ki ngā tatauranga rā, otirā, ki ngā kura. He whāiti rawa te aronga o ngā tatauranga; tē taea ngā mea katoa te ine ā-tatauranga nei. Me te aha, mā te aro pū ki aua tatauranga rā, kua herea te tangata e ngā aronga o aua tatauranga rā, tē titiro ai ki tua.
Na, ehara i te mea he tino aha, engari, kua whai tohu mātauranga whare wānanga te kairangahau nei, i ngā marau Pākehā, i ngā marau Māori anō hoki. Kua whai tūranga
mahi pai, otirā, kua tae atu ki tāwāhi i runga tonu i ēnei mahi. Ka mutu, katoa ēnei tohu i whakatutukihia i ngā whare wānanga auraki. Nō reira, ina arotakehia taku haere i te KKM e ai ki ngā paearu a Te Tāhuhu, otirā, e ai ki ngā momo āhuatanga e kaha arohia ana i ngā tatauranga, kua angitu ahau. Heoi anō tāku, ‘Ina tirohia noatia ngā tatauranga i runga ake nei, ka pūrangiaho rānei ngā hua katoa kua oti kē i a au te whakamahuki?’
I tua atu, ko te ao Māori hei tūāpapa mō aku mahi katoa i ēnei wā nei. Nā te poipoia ōku e te Māori, i te ao Māori tonu i taea ai e au ngā taumata o Angitu kua roa nei e āminehia
ana e te ao Auraki te eke. Nā te ao Māori i whai oranga ai ahau i te ao Auraki. Nā te ao Māori ahau i whakatangata, i whakapakari e taea ai e au ngā ao e rua te toro atu. Ka
mutu, e hia kē atu anō hua o tērā nohonga ōku i raro i te tāwharau o te KKM kua rangona i roto i ngā tau, otirā, ka rangona tonutia ā muri ake nei. Akene pea ko te pātai tika, ‘Ka rite tonu rānei te puta mai o aua hua rā mēnā au i tukuna ki tētahi kura Auraki?’
Nō reira, kei pōhēhē mai te tangata he whakapaipai noa i te āhua o te KKM (i ēnei rā), otirā, o TKKM o HWM tāku e whai nei. Kua tirohia kētia ngā tatauranga mō ngā tau e
rima kua hori ake nei, kua whāia kētia te ara ine angitu e kaha āminehia ana e te nuipuku, me te aha, pūrangiaho ana, ahakoa he taumata anō e taea ana, kei te koke tonu TKKM o HWM; e kitea tonutia ana ngā hua.
Ina hoki anō ki TAM, ko tētahi o ana whāinga kia tū pakari te tamaiti i te ao Māori, i te ao Pākehā anō hoki. Nā whai anō i tīmata tā te kairangahau nei tohe; ka kōrerohia ana te
angitu, me whakaata tērā whāinga, ka tika. Nō reira, ehara i te mea hei karo ēnei mahi i ngā paearu a te Kāwanatanga, otirā, a Te Tāhuhu. Ehara hoki i te mea me whakarere mārika ngā momo tatauranga kātahi nei ka kōrerotia; he momo kitenga ka puta tonu i ngā tatauranga ina tika te whakamahia. Heoi anō, e kore rawa aua paearu rā, aua tatauranga rā rānei e whakaata i te whānuitanga atu o ngā tūmomo angitu kua kitea,
otirā, e taea tonutia ana. Ko tāku e whakapono nei, me whānui ake te titiro ka kōrerohia
ana te angitu KKM.
Na, ka whakairihia ake i konei tēnei wāhanga inā hoki ko ngā kōrero kei tua o Tatauranga te aronga. Atu i konei arumia ai te whānuitanga o ngā kōrero angitu a te whānau o TKKM o HWM; ko ō rātou ake wheako hei whakakiko, hei whakaniko anō hoki i te roanga ake o tēnei kaupapa.