THE EFFECT OF GUIDANCE GROUPS AND SELF EFFICACY TO
disaster. The disaster knowledge will help teachers and students to seek prevention of shock sustained (Septiadi, 2012).
Preliminary studies conducted in Junior High Schools Banda Aceh in September 2013 showed that the students’ attitudes in facing disaster are not appropriately. In accordance with the stage of development that is still unstable, emotional (Santrok, 2007) they tend to panic when disaster occurred, such as earthquakes. They were not confident with their ability control the earthquake.
Knowledge of disasters especially earthquakes Junior High Schools has been introduced in Banda Aceh on geography lesson. But it's not teach deeply, so that the application in disaster control was very limited. As a result students’ knowledge in facing disaster and action still low. Further this condition enhanced efficacy with themselves against disaster was low.
The research on the effects of group counseling to the students’in knowledge junior high and students’ action in facing disasters rarely done in the school, where the school situationinBandaAceh was earthquake troubled. Learning of geographywas effective toimprovestudents’ knowledge and action in facing disaster. Because of students’
awareness of disaster in Banda Aceh. It is necessary to find an attempt to solve it. Such as finding an effective method to conduct forjunior high school students. Therefore group guidance suitable applied in junior high school age so that, the research conducted on students’ knowledge the effects of group counseling on the knowledge and action in Junior High School of Banda Aceh. The results of this studyare expected to be able to find a class and an increased knowledge of student actions to disasters.
STUDYBIBLIOGRAPHY Definition of GuidanceGroup
Group counseling is an activity undertaken by a group of people to take advantage of group dynamics. That is, all participants interacting in group activities, free expression, responding, giving advice, and so forth; talk about what it all worthwhile for the students' own self and to the other participants (Prayitno, 1995)
Guidance Group is a group activity in which group leaders provide information and guide the discussion so that group members become more socially or to help the group members to achieve common goals (Wibowo, 2005).
From the definition of group guidance above, it can be concluded that group counseling is an activity undertaken by a group of people by utilizing the dynamics of the group that is the expression of mutual interaction, provide feedback, suggestions, and so on, where the leader of the group provide useful information in order can help individuals achieve a common goal .
Defenition of Preparedness
According to the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)/ International Strategy Disaster Reduction/ ISDR, (2006) defines the preparedness of the government, a
community group or individual as "measures that enable government, organizations, societies, communities and individuals to be able to respond to a disaster situation quickly and appropriately. Preparedness measures are included in the preparation of disaster management plans, maintenance resources and personnel training". Preparedness activities focused on the development of plans to respond to disasters quickly and effectively.
Additionally, preparedness is a series of activities undertaken by the organization to anticipate disasters and through appropriate measures effectively and efficiently.
Important in the face of disaster preparedness and become part of the strategy of mainstreaming disaster risk reduction or disaster risk reduction (Law No. 24 Year 2007 on Disaster Management). Based on definitions of preparedness in the above sense, it can be concluded that preparedness is an essential element in disaster management to disaster risk reduction can do in the face of a disastereffectively and appropriately before the disaster occurred.
Factors that influence preparedness
Knowledge Students in Earthquake Disaster
Knowledge is a very important factor for the preparedness of a school community.
Frequent disasters can be used as an experience or a very valuable lesson about the importance of disaster were required knowledge possessed by each individual particularly in disaster -prone areas. Knowledge disasters that affect attitudes and concerns to be prepared in anticipation of disaster (LIPI UNESCO/ISDR, 2006).
Student attitudes in Earthquake Disaster
Knowledge can influence the attitudes and concerns of individuals to be ready and alert in anticipation of disaster people living in disaster-prone areas. Attitude formation can be obtained from the learning process, and the personal experiences of others, as well as socialization. The attitude in the face of disaster is the embodiment of knowledge that is implemented through an action and skill to save themselves during a disaster (LIPI UNESCO/ ISDR, 2006 ).
METHODS
This research method is designed using quasi-experimental research methods.
Form of experimental that used the comparison of two groups they are and experimental group (intact-group comparison). In this design there are two groups used for research, in SMP 8 Banda Aceh. Class VII-5 as the experimental group (who were given counseling group) and Class VII-7 as a control group (who did not give counseling group)
Test Validity
Test validity in this study using the product moment correlation formula as follows.
2 2 2 2
) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
) )(
( ) (
Y Y n X X n
Y X XY
rxy n (1)
Test Reliability
In the reliabilityt est was used to test the internal consistency using Cronbach alpha formula as follows.
2 2
11 1
1 t
b
V k
r k
(2)
In addition, this study used a simple regression analysis. This method used to determine the effect of variables ift here are more than 2 variables to the equation:
Y =∝ +b x + b x ……+b x (3)
RESULTS DISCUSSION
Studentsin Disaster Preparedness Earthquake
Research conducted in junior high school 8 Banda Aceh assessed based on:
knowledge, and action. Based on the percentage of knowledge and action then the percentage can be seen in Table 1:
Table 1. The Results of Percentage Factors Affecting Preparedness
School
Junior High School 8 The number of responden
Frequency
The number of responden Frequency
Knowledge 37215,83% 28014,12%
Action 35114,94% 29514,88%
Source: Primary Data, 2013
Knowledge Students in Earthquake Disaster
The results of the percentage of students knowledge inexperimental group is 15.83% experimental class and control group is 14.12%. In the process ofgroup guidance given in the experimental group that students are able to mention the understanding of earthquakes, types, sources, and faults. The students could explainthe reason why earthquakes occured. Students are able todescribethe process ofthe earthquake. Students able to explain how todeal with the situationat the beginning, while, andafter the earthquake. Students are able to retell the experience of the earthquake events experienced by themselves or experienced by others. Students are able to mentiona safe place to take shelter. The students are able to mention the contents of the bag disaster preparedness.
Students are able to tell how to deal with earthquake risks. Students are able to practice handling at the time before, while, and after an earthquake.
Students more over, the students also stated already known about knowledge of earthquake and the students know what the earthquake means, and I can learn the experiences of the universe. Students are able to mention the contents of a backpack that filled with food, drinks, box P3K, change of clothes, flashlight (lighting equipment) and carry securities. Students able to mention earthquakes classification are divided into volcanic earthquakes, tectonic and debris.
Students gained knowledge and able to know about the earthquake. However, the control group, in choosing the answers most of students choose the wrong answer to the classification of earthquakes, the contents of the backpack, bags and pans are used to protect the head from debris during the earthquake, and the earthquake seismograph is recording device.
This is supported by LIPI UNESCO/ISDR, (2006) stated that knowledge is a very important factorf or the preparedness of a school community. Frequent disasters can be used as an experience or a very valuable lesson about the importance of disaster were required knowledge possessed by each individual particularly indisaster-prone areas.
Knowledge disasters that affect attitudes and concerns to be prepared in anticipation of disaster.
Student action in the face of Earthquake Disaster
Based on the research results obtained by the percentage of students of experimental group is14.94%, and the control group students is 14.88%. In the experimental group, students are choosing answers and strongly agree and agree. If an earthquake of students ran down under the table, run to an open space, Finding objects in order to protect themselves, for example a bag placed over the head. Stay away from large trees, power poles, away from the window glass. Suggest friends to run to the safe place.
I'm afraid can not find my close friends. If I hear an earthquake will happen I would be prepared to take such P3K equipment, food, drinks and a change of clothes and took the family out of the house.
Besides, students will have knowledge about the action taken, the students also apply the knowledge gained in the group guidance when conducting simulated earthquake.
However, the control group students are more varied in choosing the answer strongly disagree, disagree, agree, and strongly agree. So not all students have the same opinion with the statement, and the students never do earthquake simulations .
This is consistent with the statement of LIPI UNESCO/ ISDR, ( 2006) stated that the attitudes and actions of human beings is the perception, knowledge and skills they have. School community aims to build the capacity of the whole school community to cope quickly and appropriately. Thus, the entire school community be a target, not just students
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION Conclusion
Based on the research anddiscussion that has been described, it can be concluded that the students who had received group counseling, not only gaining insight or knowledge, but students also simulate how an earthquake before it happens, when it happens, and after the earthquake occurred. In group counseling can also improve studentsself efficacy. It is evident that the percentage of the acquisition of knowledge and action. From the results obtained statistical test that no effect of group counseling and self efficacy of students knowledge and action in the face of the devastating earthquake of 1.041%. While the students who did not receive counseling groups, lack insight or knowledge about the earthquake, but it also never do the simulation. So that students only get knowledge about earthquakes is very limited. Statistical test result obtained no effect of group counseling and self efficacy to the knowledge and actions of students in the face of the devastating earthquake of 0.683%
Suggestion
Based on the conclusions that have been described, the researchers advise the school in order to improve the self-efficacy of the students knowledge and action in the for earthquake as follows :
1) The school may conduct group counseling and self-efficacy on students' knowledge and action in the face of the earthquake, in extracurricular activities. Since time is limited if only carried out on a geography lesson.
2) It is expected that the Principal for the proposed training on disaster education material made regular basis to agencies or departments of education and school community to reduce the impact or loss of life if an earthquake occurs while the student is in school.
3) The group counseling services not only in SMP 8 Banda Aceh but in other ools also need to do these activities, thus providing knowledge to others.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The knowledge is addressed to The Indonesia Ministries of Education and Culture on the funding of this research though Hibah Pascasarjana No. 068/UN/11.2/LT/SP3/2013.
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