Penilaian preoperatif di masa yang akan datang mungkin melibatkan pengambilan sampel darah untuk mengidentifikasi pasien dengan polymorphism genetik yang berhubungan dengan hasil akhir perioperatif yang buruk. Secara teori, informasi ini akan memungkinkan petugas kesehatan dapat merancang intervensi farmakologi dan penatalaksanaan untuk langsung mengubah angka morbiditas dan mortalitas84. Biologi molekular, dengan peningkatan kemampuan kita yang cepat untuk mengidentifikasi variasi genetik dan efeknya pada penyakit dan respon terhadap terapi, secara dramatis dapat merubah resiko penilaian dan rencana penatalaksanaan. Kepercayaan pada penelitian populasi dapat digantikan oleh penanganan berdasarkan karakteristik masing-masing pasien. Farmakogenetik akhirnya dapat mengakibatkan tes skrining genetik untuk mengidentifikasi pasien dengan resiko hasil perioperatif yang buruk. Hal ini termasuk contoh klasik kekurangan pseudokolinesterase, hepatitis halotan, rentan hipertermia maligna, dan toleransi nyeri, dan kurang akrab dengan pembawaan yang berhubungan dengan durasi dan respon benzodiazepin, opioid, anestesi, dan obat anti inflamasi nonsteroid85.
KESIMPULAN
Penelitian perioperatif yang dilakukan AIMS mengenai angka kesakitan dan angka kematian disebabkan karena penilaian dan penatalaksanaan yang buruk pada saat pemeriksaan preoperatif3. Sebuah laporan disampaikan oleh ahli anestesi bahwa evaluasi preoperatif yang dilakukan ahli anestesi hanya 77% kasus. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa hal ini dapat membawa dampak negatif yang potensial. Akan tetapi, pandangan lain dapat ditemukan jika penilaian dan penatalaksanaan preoperatif memerlukan pengetahuan ahli dan keterampilan dengan dokter spesialis lainnya tanpa proses pelatihan tingkat mahir, kemudian menurunkan angka kegagalan untuk resiko yang lebih rendah.
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