BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
B. Saran
1. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut berupa skrining dan pencarian fraksi aktif dari daun keladi tikus.
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Distribusi sel WiDr pada uji apoptosis dengan metode double staining 1. Perlakuan dengan esktrak etil asetat keladi tikus
Sel Pengamat 1 Pengamat 2 Pengamat 3
Bagian Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup 1 (Total Sel : 30) 9 (30%) 11 (36.67%) 10 (33.33%) 12 (40%) 8 (26.67%) 10 (33.33%) 9 (30%) 11 (36.67%) 10 (33.33%) 2 (Total Sel : 20) 17 (85%) 0 (0%) 3 (15%) 16 (80%) 0 (0%) 4 (20%) 18 (90%) 0 (0%) 2 (10%) 3 (Total Sel : 40) 31 (77.5%) 3 (7.5%) 6 (15%) 30 (75%) 5 (15%) 5 (15%) 32 (80%) 2 (5%) 6 (15%) Rata-rata (%) 64.16 14.72 21.11 65 13.89 22.77 66.66 13.89 19.44
Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup
Rata-Rata Pengamat 1 64.16 14.723 21.11
Rata-Rata Pengamat 2 65 13.89 22.776
Rata-Rata Pengamat 3 66.667 13.89 19.443 Rata-Rata Keseluruhan(%)
Sel Pengamat 1 Pengamat 2 Pengamat 3 Bagian Apoptosis Nekrosi
s Hidup Apoptosi s Nekrosi s Hidup Apoptosi s Nekrosi s Hidup Doksorubisin 1 93.75 0 6.25 93.75 0 6.25 81.25 12.5 6.25 Doksorubisin 2 100 0 0 85.71 14.28 0 100 0 0 Doksorubisin 3 90 0 10 90 0 10 90 0 10 Rata-rata 94.58 0 5.41 93.75 4.76 5.41 90.41 4.16 5.41
Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup
Rata-Rata Pengamat 1 94.583 0 5.417 Rata-Rata Pengamat 2 93.75 4.76 5.417 Rata-Rata Pengamat 3 90.417 4.167 5.416 Rata-Rata Keseluruhan(%) ±SD 92.916±2.20 2.975±2.59 5.4167±0.0005 2.3 Kontrol Sel
Apoptosis Nekrosis Hidup
Rata-Rata Pengamat 1 1.08 0 98.9
Rata-Rata Pengamat 2 1.08 0 98.9
Rata-Rata Pengamat 3 1.08 0 98.9
Rata-Rata Keseluruhan(%)
Hasil Perhitungan Uji Ekspresi Protein dengan Imunositokimia Preparat Reader 1 Reader 2 Reader
3 Total Sel % Reader 1
% Reader 2 %Reader 3 Rata2 Rata-Rata Seluruh Kontrol Sel 1 96 111 94 150 64 74 62.66 66.88 Kontrol sel 2 104 98 89 160 65 61.25 55.62 60.62 69.36 Kontrol sel 3 110 90 107 127 86.61 70.86 84.25 80.57 Ekstrak 1 73 62 54 177 41.24 35.02 30.50 35.59 Ekstrak 2 25 20 15 51 49.01 39.21 29.41 39.21 39.22 Ekstrak 3 55 60 47 126 43.65 47.61 37.30 42.85 Doxo 1 49 45 34 127 38.58 35.43 26.77 33.59 Doxo 2 45 34 40 102 44.11 33.33 39.21 38.88 34.32 Doxo 3 43 51 45 152 28.28 33.55 29.60 30.48 Preparat %Rata-rata ± SD Kontrol Sel 69.36 ± 10.203 Perlakuan Ekstrak 39.22 ± 3.63 Doxorubicin 34.33 ± 4.24
1. Data konsentrasi ekstrak vs Absorbansi No. konsentrasi log konsentrasi absorbansi (ug/mL) 1 2 3 rata - rata 1 1500 3.176091259 0.108 0.107 0.119 0.111 2 1200 3.079181246 0.072 0.089 0.086 0.082 3 1000 3 0.079 0.095 0.095 0.090 4 400 2.602059991 0.196 0.205 0.211 0.204 6 100 2 0.430 0.432 0.389 0.417 7 10 1 0.723 0.771 0.777 0.757 8 1 0 0.717 0.812 0.781 0.770
2. Data konsentrasi ekstrak vs viabiitas sel konsentrasi ekstrak keladi tikus viabilitas sel 1500 0.259 99.741 1200 -3.203 103.203 1000 -2.328 102.328 400 11.321 88.679 100 36.749 63.251 10 77.338 22.662 1 78.890 21.110
3. Data Absorbansi Kontrol Media dan Kontrol Sel
kontrol media konsentrasi ekstrak keladi tikus viabilitas sel 0.09 1500 0.259 99.741 0.095 1200 -3.203 103.203 0.094 1000 -2.328 102.328 0.167 400 11.321 88.679 0.101 100 36.749 63.251 0.108 10 77.338 22.662 0.109 1 78.890 21.110
viabilitas sel v1 v2 v3 rata - rata SD -0.139 -0.259 1.174 0.259 0.795 -4.437 -2.407 -2.766 -3.203 1.083 -3.601 -1.691 -1.691 -2.328 1.103 10.366 11.441 12.157 11.321 0.901 38.301 38.540 33.406 36.749 2.897 73.279 79.009 79.725 77.338 3.533 72.563 83.904 80.203 78.890 5.783 5. Grafik konsentrasi vs % rata-rata sel hidup
-10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 viab il it as s el ( % ) log konsentrasi
Konsentrasi (µg/mL) Sebelum diberi MTT Sesudah diberi MTT 200
1200
Keterangan Gambar
Double staining Kontrol Sel
Double staining Ekstrak Keladi Tikus (1)
Double staining Ekstrak Keladi Tikus (2)
Double staining Doksorubisin (2)
Keterangan Gambar Kontrol sel (1)
Kontrol sel (2)
Kontrol sel (3)
Perlakuan dengan ekstrak keladi tikus (3)
Perlakuan dengan Doksorubisin (1)
Hasil analisis statistik pada uji imunositokimia dengan R a. Uji Normalitas
Rata-rata Kontrol vs Rata-rata Ekstrak
Nilai p>0.05 maka kedua data berdistribusi normal
Rata-rata Kontrol vs Rata-rata Dokso
Nilai p-value > 0,05 berarti kedua data terdistribusi normal b. Uji Kesamaan Varian
Rata-rata kontrol VS Rata rata Ekstrak
Nilai p-value > 0,05 berarti kedua data memiliki kesamaan varian Rata-rata kontrol VS Rata-rata Doksorubisin
Rata-rata ekstrak VS rata-rata Doksorubisin
Nilai p-value > 0,05 berarti data memiliki kesamaan varian c. Uji t-berpasangan
Kontrol Sel vs Pemberian Ekstrak keladi tikus
Nilai p-value < 0,05 berarti data berbeda signifikan Kontrol sel vs doksorubisin
Nilai p-value < 0,05 berarti data berbeda signifikan Ekstrak VS doksorubisin
BIOGRAFI PENULIS
Penulis skripsi dengan judul “UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIKANKER EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT DAUN KELADI TIKUS (Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume) TERHADAP SEL KANKER KOLON WiDr MELALUI PENEKANAN EKSPRESI PROTEIN COX-2” dengan nama lengkap Handika Immanuel merupakan anak pertama dari dua bersaudara pasangan Bapak Nanang Handoko dan Ibu Hanny Buntoro. Penulis dilahirkan di Cirebon, pada tanggal 11 Pebruari 1993. Penulis menempuh pendidikan formal di TK Kristen BPK Penabur Cirebon (1997-1999), SD Kristen BPK Penabur Cirebon (1999-2005), SMP Kristen 1 BPK Penabur Cirebon (2005-2008), dan SMA Kristen 1 BPK Penabur Cirebon (2008-2011). Penulis melanjutkan studi di Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta pada tahun 2011. Semasa perkuliahan, penulis memiliki pengalaman sebagai Asisten Dosen Praktikum Kimia Dasar (2012). Penulis aktif dalam mengikuti kegiatan kepanitiaan seperti anggota dari seksi P3K dalam acara
Pharmacy Performance (2011), dan sebagai seksi perlengkapan dalam acara Latihan Kepemimpinan I ISMAFARSI (2013). Penulis juga aktif dalam kegiatan organisasi seperti Persekutuan Mahasiswa Kristen Apostolos sebagai seksi creativity and care
(2012-2013), Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Farmasi Seluruh Indonesia), serta Dewan Perwakilan Mahasiswa Fakultas (DPMF) Farmasi sebagai anggota dari divisi Quality