(i) Cellular and systemic physiology, with special emphasis on sys- tems of importance to the ophthalmologist, e.g. cardiovascular, nervous and endocrine systems.
142
Diplomas (ii) Physiology of the visual system and of the associated orbital struc- tures. This is to include: basic ideas concerning visual perception, visual sensitivity, brightness discrimination, adaptation, colour vision, the per- ception of space, form and movement, stereopsis; retinal function, includ- ing elementary photochemistry and neural organization; central mecha- nisms of vision, including the structure and function of the lateral geni- culate body and visual cortex, neural coding of light intensity, colour, movement and depth in field of vision; visual functions of prestriate, inferotemporal and frontal cortex; subcortical neural mechanisms of vision—the retinotectal system. The generation and maintenance of the optical image on the retina; accommodation, and pupillary control. Extra- ocular muscle function in relation to image formation, conjugate eye movements and binocular vision.
The physiology of Intraocular fluids, of the cornea and lens. Lacrimal secretion.
(iii) Physical optics.
Geometrical optics, including thick lenses, spectacle lenses, prisms, optics of contact lenses and of devices for the correction of subnormal visual acuity. Optical principles of instruments used in ophthalmology.
Illumination.
Physiological optics, including the following: Optical system of the eye- Anomalies of the optical system of the eye including ametropia, accom- modative anomalies and anisometropia. Binocular vision and its anomalies, both motor and sensory.
Principles of clinical refraction. Measurement of visual acuity. Investi- gation and treatment of the optical and motor anomalies of the eyes, together with the anomalies of binocular perception.
(iv) Pharmacology. The mechanisms of action of drugs used for the in- vestigation and treatment of ocular disease, particularly mydriatrics and cycloplegics, miotics, loca! anaesthetics, antiglaucoma agents, drugs for treating infections and diagnostic agents. The general principles of drug absorption and the special preparations of drugs for ophthalmic use. The ocular and general side-effects of drugs.
BOOKS recommended Physiology
Mountcastle V B ed Medical Physiology 13th ed, Mosby 1973
Ruch T C & Patton H D Physiology and Biophysics 20th ed Saunders 1973
Dayson H Physiology of the Eye 3rd ed Churchill 1972 Duke-Elder S System of Ophthalmology Vol IV Kimpton 1968
Handbook of Sensory Physiology Vol VII 1 2 3 and 4, Springer-Verlag 1972
Best C H Taylor N B and Brobeck J R Physiological Basis of Medical Practice 9th ed, Williams & Wilkins 1973
Optics
Dayson H Physiology of the Eye (Sections III IV & V only) 3rd ed, Churchill 1972
Duke-Elder S System of Ophthalmology Vol. V, Kimpton 1970 Duke-Elder S System of Ophthalmology Vol IV (selected portions only)
Kimpton 1973
Dayson H The Eye Vol 4, Part 1 2nd ed Academic 1969
Bennett A G Emsley and Swaine's Ophthalmic Lenses, Hatton 1968 143
Faculty of Medicine
Bennett A G Optics of Contact Lenses 4th ed, Assoc of Dispensing Opticians 1966
Fincham W H A Optics 7th ed, Hatton 1965
Reinecke R D & Herme R J Refraction A Programmed Text, Appleton- Century-Crofts 1965
Glossary of terms relating to ophthalmic lenses, British Standard 3521 1962
Pharmacology
Ellis P P & Smith D L Handbook of Ocular Therapeutics and Pharma- cology 3rd ed, Mosby 1969
O'Connor D P H The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs, Barrie &
Jenkins 1972
Goodman L S & Gilman A The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
5th ed, Macmillan 1975
Bowman W C and Rand M J Textbook of Pharmacology. Blackwell 1977 The conjoint medical library of the Australian College of Ophthalmolo- gists (А.М.А.) and the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, contains an extensive literature relating to ophthalmology.
COURSES Information on courses which will be conducted during the year can be obtained from the Department of Ophthalmology.
EXAMINATIONS Two three-hour written examinations. Half of the first paper will deal with physiology and the remainder with pharmacology.
Half of the second paper will also deal with physiology, and the remainder with optics. Some candidates may also have an oral examination.
PART I1
The experience required of a candidate presenting for Part li shall be- 1 . A period of three years' general hospital experience of inpatient
Medicine and Surgery.
2. Not less than three years' experience as Resident Medical Officer in The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, or its equivalent. In assessing equivalence, all hospitals or departments recognized as Ophthalmic Clinical Schools by Australasian Universi- ties shall have equivalent standing. In the case of public hospitals or departments not so recognized, the faculty of Medicine will require from a candidate particular details of his experience, the acceptance of which will enable the candidate to proceed with the Diploma.
The candidate must also present evidence of having had experience of ophthalmology in relation to internal medicine.
3. Evidence of having performed under the supervision of one or more consultants in ophthalmology all the common procedures in the specialty. These procedures shall include the diagnostic and treat- ment techniques, including the conduct of pre-operative, operative and post-operative procedures.
576-801 OPHTHALMOLOGY
The examination may include questions relevant to any aspects of the medicine and surgery of abnormal conditions affecting the visual appartus end adnexae.
BOOKS The conjoint library of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists (А.М.А.) and the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital contains an extensive literature relating to ophthalmology.
144
Diplomas EXAMINATION Two 3-hour papers, one in each of Ophthalmic Medicine and Ophthalmic Surgery. These papers will include questions designed to test the candidate's knowledge of the general medical and general surgical aspects of the conditions related to the specialty. Clinical ex- amination, Including estimation of errors of refraction and of visual field defects, one or other being compulsory.
531-801 PATHOLOGY (INCLUDING MICROBIOLOGY) PATHOLOGY
The examination in Pathology will test the candidate's knowledge of the general pathological processes and of the special pathology of conditions affecting the apparatus of vision, adnexae and adjacent structures. It will include the recognition and interpretation of specimens illustrating rele- vant morbid anatomy and histology.
It is recommended that, In addition to standard textbooks of Pathology.
the pathological sections of standard works on the specialty be studied.
A knowledge of relevant pathological topics appearing in current medical periodicals in the English language will be expected.
BOOKS Recommended for reference:
Hogan M American Academy of Ophthalmology Ophthalmic Pathology, Saunders 1962
Greer C H Ocular Pathology 2nd ed, Blackwell 1972 Reese A B Tumors of the Eye 2nd ed, H eber 1963 Florey H General Pathology, 4th ed Lloyd-Luke 1970 or
Walter J B & Israel M S General Pathology 4th ed, Churchill 1974 Hurley J V Acute Inflammation, Churchill Livingstone 1972
MICROBIOLOGY
The examination will require candidates to have a knowledge of:
(a) the general biological characters of micro-organisms;
(b) a detailed knowledge of those organisms responsible for infections of the eye;
(c) epidemiology, including cross-infection In hospitals;
(d) the principles of chemotherapy, sterilization and disinfection;
(e) principles of immunity including autoimmune diseases, transplanta- tion problems.
BOOKS Recommended for reference:
Briody B A Microbiology and Infectious Disease, McGraw-Hill 1974 or
Cruickshank R Medical Microbiology Vol I 12th ed, Churchill Living- stone 1973
Fenner F & White D O Medical Virology 2nd ed, Academic 1976 Humphrey J H & White R G Immunology for Students of Medicine, 4th
ed Blackwell 1974
Rubbo S D & Gardner J F A Review of Sterilization and Disinfection 2nd ed, Lloyd-Luke 1977
Relevant microbiological topics in current American, Australian and English medical journals.
EXAMINATION One 3-hour written paper; one 3-hour practical test; oral examination.
145
Faculty of Medicine