I hereby certify that this thesis entitled "GEOTHERMAL SCOPE IN BANGLADESH" was produced by the following students under my direct supervision and that this work was carried out in the laboratories of the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Daffodil International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree degree in electrical engineering and electronics engineering. Shahid Ullah Department Head Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering. Shahid Ullah, Head, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University (DIU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, for his kind encouragement, guidance and valuable suggestions at all stages of this thesis.
Shamsul Alam, Honorable Dean, Faculty of Engineering, Daffodil International University (DIU) for providing us with the best departmental facilities and timely suggestions.
Bangladesh's renewable energy scenario
Bangladesh's geothermal wealth
Such fault systems are thought to serve as conduits to transfer heat from below to the overlying sedimentary aquifer through the fluid in the pore spaces. The prevailing geological characteristics, including hydrogeological settings, clustering of basement faults, seismicity and earthquakes, and surface thermal anomalies all point to the existence of potential heat sources a few kilometers below the Earth's surface. The hilly area of Sitakund with a few thermal springs can also be found in the Bengal Foredeep zone along the Tertiary hills.
Bangladesh's geological landscape
Bangladesh's tectonic system
The safe shelf in the northwest
Rangpur saddle
Sub-Himalayan Foredeep
Deep sedimentary basin
Folded belt
Stratigraphy of Bangladesh
Geo-synclinal facies stratigraphy
The Girujan Clay lies in harmony with the Tipama Sandstone and is underlain by the Dupi Tila Formation, followed by the Madhupurja Formation and the top of the Aluvium.
Working Principle of Geothermal Power Plant
The Geothermal power plant which is in working is of three types
Dry Steam Power Plant
Flash Steam Power Plant
Binary Cycle Power plant
Cogeneration (Combined Heat and Power)
EXPLORATION GEOTHERMAL
General Discussion
Surface investigation
The Geology of This
Geochemistry
Geophysics
The TEM approach has now become a standard tool in the geothermal exploration of the uppermost km of the earth to replace Schlumberger soundings. The current is then shut down and the decreasing magnetic field generates a secondary current in the ground. On the other hand, a secondary magnetic field that decreases over time is caused by the current distribution in the ground.
The decay rate of the secondary magnetic field is determined by measuring the induced voltage at the center of the large current loop in another small loop. Natural variations in the Earth's magnetic field cause electric currents (or telluric currents) beneath the Earth's surface. The system is portable and data collection is simple, requiring measurements of the magnetic field B and induced electric field E components at each location, both over several hours of operation.
More recently, the method has frequently been used in combination with TEM or AMT, with the TEM or AMT measurements being used to map the upper kilometer in detail to improve the interpretation of the MT measurements, leading to better information on deeper levels. In this way, good knowledge about the distribution of resistance can be obtained in the deeper parts of the geothermal system, reaching a depth of 5-10 km. The rock density depends mainly on the rock's composition and porosity, but partial saturation of the material can also affect the values.
It is characterized by the direction and effective magnitude of magnetization and the shape, position, properties, and history of the anomalous body. Natural seismicity is used to define active faults and permeable zones (shear wave splitting) or to establish the boundary between brittle and ductile crust, which may imply the depth of the heat source.
BANGLADESH GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT
Bangladesh's southeast basin
The Bengal Foredeep, which occupies the southeastern part of Bangladesh, is a zone of major crustal subsidence that occupies the large area between the Hinge Line and the Arakan Yomas folded network, and plays a major role in the tectonic history of the Bengal Basin. . Based on its geotectonic nature, Bengal's Foredeep is again divided into the unfolded western or deep basin region and the folded eastern region known as the Chittagong-Tripura folded belt, which runs parallel from north to south. As seen by gravity and magnetic surveys, there are several ups and downs in.
Sylhet's northeastern basin is also known as the Sylhet Basin, and the southwestern Faridpur Basin is separated by a prominent uplift known as Tangail-Tripura and the Hatiya Basin in the southernmost depression of the basin; north of it is the Barisal-Chadpur high gravity. The folded belt (or folded eastern flank of the Bengal Front Slope) is the most prominent and recent tectonic feature on the western flank of the Indo-Burman Highlands. Hydrocarbons identified so far in the country are included in the reservoir sands of the Neogene Surma Group.
Thirty temperature data from test wells were used to map the thermal gradients of the area. A high sedimentation rate is likely to influence the low geothermal gradient in the deep basin area throughout most of the Tertiary sedimentary sequence. The geothermal gradient for the Hatiya Trough at the Shahbajpur 1 well, 29.5 °C/km, is the highest, followed by Saldanadi 1, at 27.2 °C/km, along the folded belt region of Bangladesh.
Northwest stable shelf part of Bangladesh
The Bogra shelf (Bogra escarpment) represents the southern slope of the Rangpur saddle, a regional monocline that dips gently southeast into the Hinge district. The width of the Bogra Plateau varies from 60 to 125 km up to the Hinge Zone and the thickness of the sedimentary sequence increases towards the southeast. Four deep wells were drilled on the Bogra plateau, namely Singra 1, Bogra 1 and 2 and Kuchma 1 with the highest drilling depth of 4100 m at Singra 1 in the northwestern area. The Singra-Kuchma Bogra field is distinguished by a vertical distance of 400 m between the Singra and Kuchma wells and 700 m between the Kuchma and Bogra wells (Guha et al., 2010).
The Singra 1 well has a bottomhole temperature of more than 150 °C, making this region look promising for geothermal exploration.
Madhyapara hard rock mine area
Coal Basin Of Barapukuria
Thakurgaon high-temperature area
GEOCHEMICAL METHOD
Methods of geochemical discovery
Geothermometers
As a result, conductive cooling may result in some modification by mineral dissolution or precipitation in the chemical composition of ascending waters.
Geothermometers of Water
Geothermometers of steam
Geothermometers of isotope
- Scaling
- Corrosion
- Use of geochemical methods
- Study of the geothermometer
Such minerals accumulate at various processing points, adversely affecting the process by restricting the movement of fluids. Changes in water temperature, pressure, pH and mineral saturation are inevitable when drilling fluid from geothermal reservoirs into a reservoir by producing wells. Scaling is the most important part of the geothermal power plant, in this case scaling is helped to change the water temperature and also its pressure.
Various types of corrosion such as pitting, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), sulfide stress cracking, while galvanic corrosion, corrosion fatigue and exfoliation are less common in geothermal systems. Hydrogen ions, chloride ions, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, oxygen and iron are the most common corrosive species in geothermal fluids. The present work is a result of the latest information obtained on the geochemical exploration method.
The reuse of 17 previously studied water samples from the basement aquifer of the Madhyapara granite mining area was considered for the present study. The samples were taken from an aquifer in the basement where the water flow was artesian and burst at different levels of mining from the hard rock mining area. Samples were tested in the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission's chemical laboratory at the Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (INST).
A wide range of subsurface temperature has been observed using different geothermometers based on the relative abundance of Na, K and Ca as suggested by various authors.
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT IN BANGLADESH
BANGLADESH AND POWER DEMAND
Comparison of Geothermal Power Plant & other Renewable Power Plants
Uses of Land
Continues Power Supply
Low cost
Operation and Maintenance
- Assumed Calculation and Cost of Geothermal Energy
- Geothermal Power Plant Effect on Environment
- Top 10 Geothermal Countries
- Geothermal Power Plant future in Bangladesh
- ANGLO MGH
- Our Proposed 100MW Geothermal Energy in Barapukuria, Dinajpur
Geothermal power plants do not burn fuel to produce electricity, so they emit low levels of air pollutants. Geothermal power plants use scrubbers to extract the naturally occurring hydrogen sulfide in geothermal reservoirs. Some geothermal power plants pump the geothermal steam and water they use back into the ground.
In Madhyapara & Barapukuria coal basin area we found very high geothermal temperature which is suitable for geothermal power plant. A private company plans to set up the first geothermal power plant in Bangladesh with a production capacity of 200 MW. Which is connected to a generator to convert it into electricity. 3555 acres of land to choose Thakurgaona town.
We have proposed a 100 MW geothermal energy program for generating hot steam by drilling at least 14-15 deep tube wells. The high temperature in the coal seams in part of the mining area has been one of the major factors making underground mining difficult in Barapukuria. The high temperature, high humidity and hot water flow have created major obstacles to smooth operation in the southern part of the coal mine.
So this is the right place for a geothermal energy plantation, because in the coal mine 450 m we found a temperature of 35-36 degrees Celsius, and the average temperature of 620-720 m was found to be 46-52 degrees Celsius. We have already found 50 degrees Celsius close to about 700 m, so we can say that up to close to 2000 m we have found the exact temperature required for a geothermal plant.
CONCLUSIONS
The data previously analyzed lacks some of the data necessary for standard practice in geochemical geothermal exploration. An area assessment in the context of subsurface geothermal exploration requires a detailed study of all surface exploration methods, such as geological, geochemical and geophysical methods and drilling data. To better understand the subsurface geothermal environment, including the possible temperature of the reservoir fluids, heat sources, the flow pattern of the reservoir fluid and the geological structure of the reservoir, the thickness of the hot rock and the natural heat loss, it is then important to understand all available information.
A conceptual model of the geothermal system must be drawn that conforms to all surface exploration results before proceeding. In a geothermal environment, drilling a deep exploration/production well is considered the most expensive part of the plan as well as the most dangerous aspect of a geothermal project.
REFFERENCES
