RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH : SMA NEGERI 1 PURI
MATA PELAJARAN : BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS/SEMESTER : X/1
MATERI POKOK : TEKS NARATIF DAN TULIS BERBENTUK LEGENDA SEDERHANA
ALOKASI WAKTU : 6 x (2 X 45 MENIT) 1. TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
Siswa dapat menulis teks naratif lisan dan tulisan yang berbentuk legenda sederhana yang didasari unsur kebahasaan yang tepat dan terkait dengan perilaku dan nilai – nilai luhur dan budaya.
2. KOMPETENSI DASAR
1.1. Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa pengantar komunikasi international yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar 2.3 Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli, kerjasama, dan cinta damai,
dalam melaksanakan komunikasi fungsional.
3.9. Menganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan pada teks naratif sederhana berbentuk legenda rakyat, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya. 4.13. Menangkap makna teks naratif lisan dan tulis berbentuk legenda, sederhana. 3. INDIKATOR
Siswa dapat menulis teks naratif lisan dan tulis berbentuk legenda sederhana mencakup aspek:
Sikap Siswa dapat:
1. Menunjukkan sikap bangga terhadap tanah air. 2. Menghargai budaya sendiri dan budaya lain. Pengetahuan
Siswa dapat:
1. Mengidentifikasi struktur teks berupa pengenalan tokoh dan setting, komplikasi terhadap tokoh utama, serta solusi dan akhir cerita. 2. Mengidentifikasi simple past.
3. Mengidentifikasi kosa kata yang berhubungan dengan teks legenda. 4. Mengidentifikasi gagasan utama pada text naratif yang berbentuk legenda. 5. Mengidentifikasi informasi rinci pada teks naratif yang berbentuk legenda. Ketrampilan
Siswa dapat:
1. Menulis teks naratif berbentuk legenda sederhana dengan bahasa sendiri. 2. Menceritakan legenda daerah masing – masing.
3. Melafalkan teks naratif sesuai dengan unsur kebahasaan yang tepat.
Meneladani nilai-nilai moral, cinta tanah air, menghargai budaya lain. Struktur
a. Pengenalan tokoh dan setting b. Komplikasi terhadap tokoh utama c. Solusi dan akhir cerita
Unsur kebahasaan
1) Kata-kata terkait karakter, watak, dan setting dalam legenda 2) Modal auxiliary verbs.
3) Ejaan dan tulisan tangan dan cetak yang jelas dan rapi
4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ketika mempresentasikan secara lisan 5) Rujukan kata
Topik
Keteladanan tentang perilaku dan nilai-nilai luhur dan budaya.
5. METODE PEMBELAJARAN Scientific Approach
6. MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN a. Audio CD/ VCD/DVD b. SUARA GURU
c. Koran/ majalah berbahasa Inggris 7. SUMBER BELAJAR
www.dailyenglish.com
http://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/
8. LANGKAH – LANGKAH PEMBELAJARAN Kegiatan Pendahuluan
Apersepsi : memberi salam, berdo’a, mengecek kehadiran siswa dan menanyakan tentang legenda daerah masing – masing.
Pada pertemuan ini difokuskan pada Teks naratif berbentuk legenda. Kegiatan Inti
SISWA Catatan
Mengamati
Siswa menyimak berbagai contoh teks legenda yang diberikan /
diperdengarkan guru.
Siswa mengamati fungsi sosial, struktur dan unsur kebahasaannya
Guru membacakan beberapa contoh teks legenda.
Siswa mengamati keteladanan dari cerita legenda
Siswa belajar menemukan gagasan utama, informasi rinci dan informasi tertentu dari teks legenda
Guru memberikan penjelasan mengenai gagasan pokok, informasi rinci dan informasi tertentu dari teks legenda.
Mempertanyakan (questioning)
Dengan bimbingan dan arahan guru, siswa mempertanyakan antara lain perbedaan antar berbagai teks naratif yang ada dalam bahasa Inggris, perbedaan teks dalam bahasa Inggris dengan yang ada dalam bahasa Indonesia.
Siswa mempertanyakan gagasan utama, informasi rinci dan informasi tertentu
Guru memancing siswa dengan pertanyaan:
What kind of narrative text? Can you tell me the different of recount and legend text?
Guru memancing siswa dengan pertanyaan:
What is the story about? Who are the main character?
What are the moral lesson that we get from the story?
Mengeksplorasi
Siswa membaca beberapa text legenda dari berbagai sumber.
Siswa berlatih menemukan gagasan utama, informasi rinci dan informasi tertentu.
Siswa melengkapi rumpang dari bebeberapa teks legenda sederhana
Siswa secara berkelompok menuliskan / menyalin teks recount dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur, dan unsur kebahasaan dengan runtut
Siswa membacakan teks recount kepada teman dengan menggunakan unsur kebahasaan yang tepat
Guru membagi kelas menjadi
kelompok dan membagikan beberapa contoh teks legenda yang berbeda pada tiap kelompok.
Guru membagi kelas menjadi kelompok kecil serta menyuruh tiap kelompok mengidentifikasi gagasan utama, watak, setting dan pesan moral pada teks legenda.
Guru memberikan teks rumpang berupa legenda.
Guru membagi siswa menjadi kelompok kecil serta membagi beberapa teks legenda dan menyuruh siswa menyalin teks legenda dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosil, struktur dan unsur kebahasaan.
Guru memanggil beberapa siswa untuk maju ke depan dan
membacakan teks legenda dengan unsur kebahasaan yang tepat. Mengasosiasi
Secara berpasangan siswa
menganalisis beberapa teks legenda
Guru membagi siswa
dengan fokus pada fungsi sosial, struktur, dan unsur kebahasaan
Siswa memperoleh balikan (feedback) dari guru dan teman tentang hasil analisis yang disampaikan dalam kerja kelompok.
mengidentifikai fungsi social, struktur, dan unsur kebahasaan.
Guru memanggil beberapa kelompok untuk mempresentasikan ke depan dan mereview hasil analisis mereka bersama - sama.
Mengkomunikasikan
Siswa menyampaikan informasi fungsi social, struktur, dan unsure kebahasan yang ditemukan setelah membaca teks legenda.
Siswa menceritakan kembali teks legenda sederhana yang dibaca dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur dan unsur kebahasaannya.
Siswa membuat kliping teks legenda dengan menyalin dan beberapa sumber.
Siswa membuat ‘learning journal’
Guru menyuruh siswa menganalisis fungsi social, struktur dan unsur kebahasaan dan menyuruh siswa mempresentasikan di depan kelas.
Guru menyuruh siswa re-tell dengan menggunakan bahasa siswa sendiri dengan memperhatikan fungsi social, struktur dan unsur kebahasaan.
Guru menyuruh siswa mencari beberapa teks legenda dari berbagai sumber dan mengklippingnya menjadi makalah.
Guru menyuruh siswa mereview tentang materi pembelajaran yang mereka dapat mengenai teks legenda selama pelajaran berlangsung.
Mengamati
MANINJAU LAKE
Kukuban, Kudun, Bayua, Malintang, Galapuang, Balok, Batang,Bayang, and the youngest man named Kaciak. While their brother the youngest was a girl named Siti Rasani, nicknamed Sani. Both their parents died long ago, so Kukuban as the eldest son became the head of household. All decisions in his hand.
Tenth brothers lived in a house of their parents' heritage. To make ends meet, they worked on farms large enough legacy of their parents. They are very skilled at farming, because they diligently to help his father and mother when they were alive. In addition, they are also guided by their uncle named Datuk Limbatang, which they called Engku familiar.
Datuk Limbatang is a mamak in the village and has a son named Giran. As a mamak, Datuk Limbatang have great responsibility to educate and watched the life of its citizens, including the nephew's tenth man. For that, every other day, he visited the house Kukuban brothers to teach them farming skills and various customs procedures for the area. Not infrequently Datuk Limbatang also took his wife and son to participate with him.
On one day, when Datuk Limbatang with his wife and visited the house of Bujang Sembilan, Sani accidentally exchanged Giran. Apparently, both boys and girls are equally placed liver. Sani was invited to meet Giran in a field on the riverbank. With hearts pounding, Giran even express his feelings to Sani.
Datuk Limbatang wanted to marry his son with Sani. But the elder brother Sani, Kukuban, did not agree because Giran has been embarrass him in the martial arts arena. But eventually Datuk Limbatang not force.
One day, Giran found treat wounds in the thigh Sani. But people think they do custom distortion. Sani and Garin brought to court. They try to convince citizens that they did not do anything.
After that, of the second Giran lifted his hand to the sky and praying. "My God! Please hear and grant our prayers. If we were really guilty, destroy our bodies in the water hot crater of this mountain. However, if we are not guilty, this mountain letuskanlah and curses Bujang Sembilan to fish!"
It turned out that prayer was answered. Sani and Giran jump down and submerged in the water crater. Mountain erupted, Bujang Sembilan into fish. Over time the crater of Mount View expanded and formed a lake which we now know as Maninjau Lake.
Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess named Kadita. Because of her beauty she was called Dewi Srengenge which mean The beautiful sun. Her father was King Munding Wangi. Although he had a beautiful daughter he always unhappy because he always expected to have a son. The King decided to merry Dewi Mutiara, and he had a son from her. He was very happy. Dewi Mutiara wanted her son to become a king in the future so she must make sure for it. Dewi mutiara came to the king and asked him to send away his daughter. Of course, the king did not agree. "It is ridiculous, I will not allow any body doing such cruel thing to my daughter", said King Munding Wangi. When she heard the answer, Dewi mutiara smiled and said a sweet thing until the king has not anger anymore. However, she kept her bad intention deep in her heart.
In the morning before the sun raised, Dewi Mutiara sent her maid to call a black magician. She wanted the black magician to curse Kadita, her step daughter. " I want her beautiful body full with scabies and itch. If you succeeded I will reward you with the present you never thought before". The black magician did the queen order, in the night Kadita body has been full with scabies and itch. When She waked up , she found her body was smell stinky and have a ulcer all over her body. The beautiful princess cried and did not know what to do.
When The King heard he was very sad, he invited many physician to cure her daughter illness. Day by the day nobody could cure her daughter. He realized that her daughter illness it was not a ordinary illness someone must send a curse or magic spell. His problem became more difficult when the Queen Dewi Mutiara forced him to send away her daughter. "Your daughter will bring a bad luck to whole country, said Dewi Mutiara. The king did not want her daughter become a bad rumour in whole country. Finally he must agree to send her only daughter to leave the country.
The poor princess went alone, she didn't know to where she should go. She almost could not cry anymore. She had a nobble heart. She did not have any bad feeling with her step mother, instead she always asked the God to accompany her passed her suffer.
Almost seven day and seven night she has walked until she came to south ocean. She looked at the ocean. It was so clean and clear, unlike other ocean which have a blue or green colour. She jumped onto the water and swim. Suddenly when the south ocean water touched her skin there was a miracle happened. Her ulcer has gone and there was no sign that she has ever had a scabies or itch. Even more she became more beautiful than before. Not only that she has a power to command whole of the south ocean. Now she became a fairy called Nyi Roro Kidul or The Queen of South Ocean who lived forever.
This is the most spectacular legend until now in the modern life even when you read this story, many people from Indonesia or from other country has admitted that they have met the beautiful fairy queen wear a traditional dress of Java. One of the famous beach hotel has made a suit room specially for her.
Inside the northern chamber Shiva temple in Prambanan temple in Central Java, Indonesia, there is a stone statue of a beautiful woman. She stands on a bull. She wears a crown and jewelry. Her body is slim. Who is she? There is no doubt that she is Durga Mahisasuramardini, a Hindu goddess. But the Javanese people have their own story about her. Here is the story.
A long long time ago in central Java lived a wise king. His name was Prabu Boko. He had a beautiful daughter whose name was Roro Jonggrang. They lived in a palace on top of a hill. At present we can visit the ruins of the palace that is located about two miles south of Prambanan temple. The palace is called kraton Boko. His country was so prosperous that another king was jealous.
There was a neighboring kingdom under king Bandung Bondowoso. One day king Bandung attacked Prabu Boko. In a fierce fight King Boko was killed and his kingdom was conquered. The young Bandung Bondowoso fell in love with Roro Jonggrang when he saw her beauty. He wanted to marry her so he proposed her. But Roro Jonggrang definitely did not want to marry someone who had murdered her father. So she gave a difficult condition.
She told Bandung that she would marry him if he could build one thousand temples in one night. Bandung was surprised but he was optimistic he could meet the condition. He was a powerful king and he had many friends among the genie and spirits. So he asked them for help. With the help of those invisible beings Bandung built the temples.
Meanwhile Roro Jonggrang and her people kept an eye on Bandung. When it was almost dawn Bandung and the genie had built nine hundred ninety nine temples. Roro Jonggrang was very worried. If Bandung could meet her condition, she had to marry him. Then she had a bright idea. She ordered her people to make noise and lights. Women were ordered to cook and make noise by hitting kitchen utensils. Men were also ordered to make noise around the temples. Then the genie thought that daylight had come. They were afraid of the sunlight so they left immediately. Without their help Bandung was unable to finish the temple.
Bandung was very angry. He knew that it was a dirty trick from Roro Jonggrang. Then he cursed Roro Jonggrang into a statue. The statue of Roro Jonggrang is now inside the northern chamber of the main temple which was dedicated to Shiva in Prambanan temple.
TOKOH DAN PENOKOHAN
Tokoh adalah individu yang berperan dalam cerita. Dibedakan menjadi 4, yaitu : tokoh utama (protagonist), tokoh yang berlawanan (antagonis), tokoh pelerai (tritagonis), tokoh bawahan.
Penokohan atau perwatakan adalah pelukisan tokoh cerita, baik keadaan lahir maupun bathinnya termasuk keyakinannya, pandangan hidupnya , adat istiadat dan sebagainya.
Ada 3 macam cara untuk melukiskan atau menggambarkan watak tokoh dalam cerita: 1. Cara Analitik, pengarang menceritakan atau menjelaskan watak tokokh cerita secara
langsung.
2. Cara Dramatic, pengarang tidak secara langsung menceritakan watak tokoh, melainkan menggambarkan watak tokokh dengan cara :
Melukiskan tempat atau lingkungan sang tokoh.
Menampilkan dialog antar tokoh.
Menceritakan tingkah laku, perbuatan, atau reaksi terhadap suatu peristiwa.
3. Cara Gabungan (analitik dan dramatic), pengarang menggunakan kedua cara tersebut diatas secara bersamaan dengan anggapan bahwa keduanya bersifat saling
melengkapi.
TEMA
Semua bentuk karangan, baik narasi, eksposisi, argumentasi, persuasi, dana deskripsi memiliki tema. Tema merupakan ide pokok atau makna yang terkandung dalam sebuah cerita.
PLOT / ALUR
Atau jalan cerita adalah jalinan peristiwa dalam karya sastra untuk mencapai efek tertentu. Atau rangkaian peristiwa yang di susun berdasarkan sebab – akibat (kausalitas).
Berdasarkan hubungan tersebut, setiap cerita memiliki pola plot sebagai berikut : Perkenalan keadaan
Pertikaian / konflik mulai terjadi
Konflik berkembang menjadi semakin rumit
Klimaks
Peleraian / solusi / penyelesaian.
Dilihat dari segi keeratan hubungan antar peristiwa, plot di bedakan menjadi 2, yaitu : 1. Plot erat, apabila hubungan antar peristiwa terjalin sangat padu dan padat sehingga tak
ada satu peristiwapun yang dapat di hilangkan.
Berdasarkan akhir cerita, plot dapat di bedakan menjadi 3, yaitu : 1. Plot ledakan (cerita berakhir mengejutkan)
2. Plot lembut ( cerita berakhir sebagai bisikan / tidak mengejutkan) 3. Plot lembut – meledak (campuran)
Berdasarkan rangkaian peristiwa, plot di bedakan menjadi 3, yaitu :
1. Plot terbuka, akhir cerita merangsang pembaca untuk mengembangkan jalan cerita. 2. Plot tertutup, akhir cerita tidak merangsang pembaca untuk meneruskan jalan cerita.
Lebih dititikberatkan pada permasalahan dasar.
3. Plot campuran (terbuka tertutup), kita dapat memilih atau menggunakan salah satu jenis plot / alur dalam cerpen yang kita buat.
LATAR
Latar atau setting adalah penggambaran mengenai waktu, tempat, dan suasana terjadinya peristiwa-peristiwa dalam cerita.
GAYA BAHASA
Cira khas seseorang pengarang dalam mengungkapkan ide atau gagasannya melalui cerita.
Sudut pandang (point of view).
AMANAT / PESAN
Pesan yang ingin di sampaikan pengarang kepada pembaca / penonton / pendengar.
Ada beberapa cara mengungkapkan pesan, yaiut :
1. Secara ekspisit, pengarang mengemukakan pesannya secara langsung (tertera dalam cerita).
2. Secara implisit, pengarang mengemukakan pesannya secara tidak langsung. Jadi, pembaca yang harus mencarinya (tersirat)
MAIN IDEA adalah keterangan, penjelasan, uraian topic atau merupakan pendapat penulis tentang topic tulisannya.
Example: Which of the following is the most suitable title? The text mainly tells us about____.
Informasi tertentu/specific information’ adalah informasi yang tertera jelas dalam text, biasanya tentang nama, tempat, tanggal, tahun, dsb.
Example: Where was the story happen? Mempertanyakan (Questioning)
TEXT 1
Long long ago, there was a kingdom in West Java. The kingdom was ruled by a king named His Majesty Prabu.
Prabu was a kind and wise king. But it was a pity that Prabu and his queen hadn't got any children. The queen often cried. That was why Prabu went to the jungle. There he prayed to God every day, begging for a child.
A few months later, the queen got pregnant. Nine months later, a princess was born. Prabu and Queen loved their beautiful daughter so much. They gave whatever she wanted. It made Princess turn into a very spoiled girl.
One day, the princess celebrated her 17th birthday party. Many people gathered in the palace. Then, Prabu took out a necklace which was made from gold and jewel.
"My beloved daughter, today I give you this necklace. Please, wear this necklace," said Prabu.
"I don't want to wear it! It's ugly!" shouted the princess. Then she threw the necklace. The beautiful necklace was broken. The gold and jewels were spread out on the floor. Everybody couldn't say anything. They never thought that their beloved princess would do that cruel thing. In their silence, people heard the queen crying. Every woman felt sad and began crying, too. Then, everybody was crying. Then, there was a miracle. Earth was crying.
Suddenly, from the underground, a spring emerged. It made a pool of water. Soon, the place became a big lake. The lake finally sank the kingdom.
Nowadays, people called the lake "Telaga Warna". It means "Lake of Color". On a bright day, the lake is full of color. These colors come from shadows of forest, plants, flowers, and sky around the lake. But some people said that the colors are from the princess's necklace, which spreads at the bottom of the lake.
TEXT 2
TELAGA WARNA
Zaman dahulu, ada sebuah kerajaan di Jawa Barat. Negeri itu dipimpin oleh seorang raja. Prabu, begitulah orang memanggilnya. Ia adalah raja yang baik dan bijaksana. Tak heran, kalau negeri itu makmur dan tenteram. Tak ada penduduk yang lapar di negeri itu.
Semua sangat menyenangkan. Sayangnya, Prabu dan istrinya belum memiliki anak. Itu membuat pasangan kerajaan itu sangat sedih. Penasehat Prabu menyarankan, agar mereka mengangkat anak. Namun Prabu dan Ratu tidak setuju. “Buat kami, anak kandung adalah lebih baik dari pada anak angkat,” sahut mereka.
Sembilan bulan kemudian, Ratu melahirkan seorang putri. Penduduk negeri pun kembali mengirimi putri kecil itu aneka hadiah. Bayi itu tumbuh menjadi anak yang lucu. Belasan tahun kemudian, ia sudah menjadi remaja yang cantik.
Prabu dan Ratu sangat menyayangi putrinya. Mereka memberi putrinya apa pun yang dia inginkan. Namun itu membuatnya menjadi gadis yang manja. Kalau keinginannya tidak terpenuhi, gadis itu akan marah. Ia bahkan sering berkata kasar. Walaupun begitu, orangtua dan rakyat di kerajaan itu mencintainya.
Hari berlalu, Putri pun tumbuh menjadi gadis tercantik di seluruh negeri. Dalam beberapa hari, Putri akan berusia 17 tahun. Maka para penduduk di negeri itu pergi ke istana. Mereka membawa aneka hadiah yang sangat indah. Prabu mengumpulkan hadiah-hadiah yang sangat banyak itu, lalu menyimpannya dalam ruangan istana. Sewaktu-waktu, ia bisa menggunakannya untuk kepentingan rakyat.
Prabu hanya mengambil sedikit emas dan permata. Ia membawanya ke ahli perhiasan. “Tolong, buatkan kalung yang sangat indah untuk putriku,” kata Prabu. “Dengan senang hati, Yang Mulia,” sahut ahli perhiasan. Ia lalu bekerja d sebaik mungkin, dengan sepenuh hati. Ia ingin menciptakan kalung yang paling indah di dunia, karena ia sangat menyayangi Putri.
Hari ulang tahun pun tiba. Penduduk negeri berkumpul di alun-alun istana. Ketika Prabu dan Ratu datang, orang menyambutnya dengan gembira. Sambutan hangat makin terdengar, ketika Putri yang cantik jelita muncul di hadapan semua orang. Semua orang mengagumi kecantikannya.
Prabu lalu bangkit dari kursinya. Kalung yang indah sudah dipegangnya. “Putriku tercinta, hari ini aku berikan kalung ini untukmu. Kalung ini pemberian orang-orang dari penjuru negeri. Mereka sangat mencintaimu. Mereka mempersembahkan hadiah ini, karena mereka gembira melihatmu tumbuh jadi dewasa. Pakailah kalung ini, Nak,” kata Prabu.
Putri menerima kalung itu. Lalu ia melihat kalung itu sekilas. “Aku tak mau memakainya. Kalung ini jelek!” seru Putri. Kemudian ia melempar kalung itu. Kalung yang indah pun rusak. Emas dan permatanya tersebar di lantai.
Itu sungguh mengejutkan. Tak seorang pun menyangka, Putri akan berbuat seperti itu. Tak seorang pun bicara. Suasana hening. Tiba-tiba terdengar tangisan Ratu. Tangisannya diikuti oleh semua orang.
Tiba-tiba muncul mata air dari halaman istana. Mula-mula membentuk kolam kecil. Lalu istana mulai banjir. Istana pun dipenuhi air bagai danau. Lalu danau itu makin besar dan menenggelamkan istana.
Di hari yang cerah, kita bisa melihat danau itu penuh warna yang indah dan mengagumkan. Warna itu berasal dari bayangan hutan, tanaman, bunga-bunga, dan langit di sekitar telaga. Namun orang mengatakan, warna-warna itu berasal dari kalung Putri yang tersebar di dasar telaga.
Questions :
2. What is the different about text 1 and text 2? 3. What is the verb that text 1 and 2 use? Mengeksplorasi
Text Rumpang
LEGEND OF MOUNT BROMO
Long long time ago there ______(live) a couple in the village near the top of mount Bromo. Joko Seger is his name. He lived peacefully with his wife Roro Anteng. But they ______(to be) not happy because after some time they did not have any children. Then Joko Seger meditated in mount Bromo asking for god to give them children.
Sometimes later Joko Seger had a dream. In his dream he _____(to be) told that he would have descendants but on one condition. The god asked him to sacrifice his children to the crater of mount Bromo. If he refused to sacrifice, then the god will be angry. Without thinking twice Joko Seger agreed to the condition.
After that every year Roro Anteng _____(give) birth to twenty five children. They were very happy and they loved their children so much that they were reluctant to sacrifice them to the crater. They did not give anything to the crater. Then something happened.
One day there was a big eruption of mount Bromo. Smoke, fire, hot cloud of ash ____(come) out of its crater. The earth was trembling. The sky was dark. Animals ran away from the mountain. People were very scared since some of them became victims of the hot cloud.
Joko Seger and Roro Anteng ______(remember) their promise to god. He realized that god was very angry. So he decided to sacrifice one of his sons. Then he went to the crater with his youngest son Kusuma. Because Joko Seger did not really want to sacrifice his son to the crater, he ____(try) to hide him. But suddenly an eruption began and made Kusuma fall. Afterwards, Kusuma, who had fell to the crater, gave a voice, "I have to be sacrificed by my parents so that you will all stay alive. From now on, you should arrange an annual offering ceremony on the 14th of Kesodo (the twelfth month of Tenggerese calender.)"
