DEVELOPING SUPPLEMENTARY ENGLISH
MATERIAL BASED ON PROJECT BASED
LEARNING FOR NURSING STUDENTS OF
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF SMK CITRA
SEMESTA INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA
THESIS
Submitted to the Department of Language Studies, Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Education
by
Hikmah Pravitasari ID No. S 200140026
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIES
GRADUATE SCHOOL
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SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name : Hikmah Pravitasari
ID Number : S 200140026
Department : Language Studies
Field of Study : English Education
Thesis title : Developing Supplementary English Material based on Project Based Learning for Nursing Students of Medical Department of SMK Citra Semesta Indonesia Yogyakarta
Supervisor’s Approval:
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named student meets the scholarly standards for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by the board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
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MOTTO
...Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of people until they change what is in themselves...
[The Glorious Qur’an 13: 11]
Life isn’t about finding yourself, it’s about creating yourself.
Be somebody in the eyes of Allah, even if you are nobody in the eyes of people.
Work hard and be nice to people.
You will never know your limits unless you push yourself to them.
Always try to do the best to get the best!
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to: Allah SWT who always show me the way for finishing something, keep and
increase my patient, and always give me the best;
My beloved mother and father, thanks for your motivation, love, and pray;
My lovely brother; sisters; and
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWarahmatullaahiWabarakaatuh.
AlhamdulillahiRabbil ‘alamiin,all praises just for Allah SWT, the Lord of the
universe, the One who sent the Messenger Muhammad SAW to guide human to
safest religion, Islam. Thanks for blessing her in finishing this thesis entitled
“Developing Supplementary English Material based on Project Based Learning for Nursing Students of Medical Department of SMK Citra
Semesta Indonesia Yogyakarta”. She also would like to say thank for Muhammad Prophet, a glory person who gives his blessing to his masses in the
next day, peace be upon him.
Thus, the writer would like to express her great gratitude and appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Marhamah, M. Hum., as the Head of Language Study Department of Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M. Pd., the academic supervisor and the primary supervisor, who has given great help, guidance, advice, and correction from the
beginning up to the completion of this research paper,
3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., as the co-supervisor who patiently gave her guidance and motivation,
4. All lecturers of UMS especially lectures of Language Study Department of
Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who helped the
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5. Dyah Puji Lestari, S.P., as the Headmaster of SMK Citra Semesta Indonesia Yogyakarta, who gave permission to conduct the research in CSI.
6. Her beloved mother (Uliefiyah R Dharmawaty, B.A.), father (Drs. Lanjarto,
M.H.), brother (Rifqy Baihaqi, S.Kom.), and sisters (Fahrunnisa, S.Psi and Fahrunnida, S.Si.),who always pray, love, care, give support and motivation, and have been a source of inspiration. It wills not enough to reveal all of their
sacrifice. May Allah SWT always love them,
7. Her cheerful friends in Language Study Program of class B,
8. Her lovely friends in Zam-Zam boarding house,
9. All of her families, friends, and teachers that cannot be mentioned one by one,
Last but not least, the writer realizes that this research paper is still far from
being perfect. Therefore, suggestion and positive criticism are hoped and needed
to make this research paper better.
The writer hopes that this research paper can contribute to useful reading for
the esteemed readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullaahi Wabarakaatuh.
Surakarta, 3 March 2017
The Writer,
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ... i
APPROVAL ... ii
SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ... iii
SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ... iv
APPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION ... v
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ... vi
MOTTO ... vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ... xix
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xx
ABSTRACT ... xxi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. Formulation of the Problems ... 8
C. Objective of the Study ... 9
D. Significances of the Study ... 9
E. Specification of the Product ... 10
F. Thesis Organization ... 11
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... 12
A. Theoretical Review ... 12
1. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) ... 12
a. Definition of ESP ... 13
b. The Needs of ESP Students ... 14
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d. Vocational High School Students as ESP Learners ... 18
e. The Curriculum and Syllabus in Vocational High School ... 21
2. Project-based Learning (PBL) ... 24
a. Definition of PBL ... 24
b. The Process of Project-based Work ... 32
c. Outlining Project Goals ... 35
d. The Characteristics of PBL ... 37
e. The Advantage of PBL... 40
3. Material Development ... 41
a. The Nature of Material Development ... 41
b. The Process of Material Development ... 44
c. Criteria of Good Textbook ... 45
d. Course Book Evaluation ... 49
e. Language Skills in English Textbook ... 53
f. Supplementary Material ... 59
B. Review of Relevant Studies ... 65
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 82
A. Research Design ... 82
B. Research Procedure ... 83
1. Exploration Stage ... 89
a. Purposes of the Research ... 89
b. Research Strategy ... 89
c. Setting of the Research... 89
d. Research Subject ... 90
e. Data and Data Resource ... 90
f. Data Collecting Technique ... 91
g. Data Validity ... 92
h. Data Analysis ... 93
i. Output ... 95
2. Developing Stage ... 95
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b. Research Procedure ... 96
c. Setting of the Research... 97
d. Research Subject ... 97
e. Data and Data Resource ... 98
f. Data Collecting Technique ... 98
g. Data Validity ... 99
h. Data Analysis ... 100
i. Output ... 102
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 103
A. Research Findings ... 103
1. Exploration Stage ... 103
a. The Analysis of Existing Course Book ... 105
1) Impressionistic Overview Evaluation ... 106
2) In-depth Analysis Evaluation ... 108
a) Objective and Approach ... 108
b) Design and Organization ... 110
c) Language Content ... 112
d) Language Skill ... 113
e) Topic ... 117
f) Methodology ... 118
g) Teacher’s Book ... 119
h) Practical Consideration ... 119
b. The Analysis of Syllabus Used in Nursing Skills Program ... 122
c. Need Analysis ... 123
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1) Competence and Basic Competence ... 138
2) Design ... 140
3) Objective and Approach ... 141
4) Organization ... 141
5) Language Content ... 143
6) Language Skills ... 144
7) Topic ... 144
8) Methodology ... 144
2. Development Stage ... 145
a. Prototype Development ... 146
1) Purpose of Prototyping... 146
2) Benefits of Prototyping ... 147
3) Prototype Design ... 147
b. Expert Validation ... 148
1) The Result of Expert Validation from the Expert of ELT ... 148
2) The Result of Expert Validation from the Expert of Language ... 160
3) The Result of Expert Validation from the Expert of Nursing ... 161
4) The Result of Expert Validation from the Expert of Layout ... 164
c. Prototype Try Out ... 167
1) Place ... 168
2) Time ... 168
3) Participant ... 169
4) Try Out Implementation... 169
a) The First Try Out (Chapter 1) ... 169
b) The Second Try Out (Chapter 2) ... 183
c) The Third Try Out (Chapter 3) ... 193
d. The Final Product of Nursing Assistant Project ... 201
1) Design ... 201
2) Objective and Approach ... 201
3) Organization ... 202
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5) Language Skill ... 202
6) Topic ... 203
7) Methodology ... 203
B. Discussion ... 206
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION ... 216
A. Conclusion ... 216
B. Implication ... 219
C. Suggestion ... 221
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 224
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Standard Competence and Basic Competence of Tenth Grade Student of
Vocational High School ... 23
Table 2.2 The Differences between the Previous Studies and the Current Study ... 81
Table 3.1 Modified R & D Procedures Compared to the Procedures by Borg and Gall (1983), and Sugiyono (2012) ... 88
Table 3.2 Quantitative Data Conversion ... 101
Table 4.1 Summary of Book Analysis based on Cunningsworth Model (1995) ... 120
Table 4.2 Checklist of Syllabus Analysis based on Permendiknas 20/2005 ... 122
Table 4.3 Need Analysis Result of Goal Aspect ... 129
Table 4.4 Need Analysis Result of Input Aspect ... 131
Table 4.5 Need Analysis Result of Procedure Aspect ... 133
Table 4.6 Need Analysis Result of Student and Teacher Role Aspect... 134
Table 4.7 Need Analysis Result of Setting Aspect ... 134
Table 4.8 Standard Competence and Basic Competence Taken to be Develop for Learning Material ... 139
Table 4.9 Example of the Developing Course Grid Chapter 1 ... 140
Table 4.10 Result of Expert Validation from Expert of ELT ... 149
Table 4.11 Standard of Evaluation ... 149
Table 4.12 Result of Expert Validation from Expert of Language ... 160
Table 4.13 Result of Expert Validation from Expert of Nursing ... 162
Table 4.14 Result of Expert Validation from Expert of Layout ... 164
Table 4.15 Summary of Expert Validation ... 165
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Project Based Learning at a Glance (Yusoff, 2006: 5) ... 30
Figure 3.1 Borg and Gall’s Research and Development Cycle (1983)... 84
Figure 3.2 Sugiyono’s Research and Development Cycle (2012) ... 86
Figure 3.3 Stages of Designing Supplementary Project Book ... 88
Figure 3.4 Data Validity in Exploration Stage ... 93
Figure 3.5 Components in Analysing Data (Interactive Model) by Miles and Huberman (1984) in Sugiyono (2012: 338) ... 95
Figure 3.6 The Cycle of Try Out ... 97
Figure 3.7 Data Validity in Development Stage ... 99
Figure 3.8 Data Analysis Technique ... 101
Figure 4.1 Book Cover of “English for Vocational Schools IA” ... 107
Figure 4.2 SK and KD used in the book ... 109
Figure 4.3 Table of Content ... 110
Figure 4.4 Unclear Illustrations of the Pictures in Chapter 2 ... 111
Figure 4.5 Unclear Illustrations of the Pictures in Chapter 3 ... 112
Figure 4.6 Practices for Grammar in Chapter 8 ... 114
Figure 4.7 Materials for Speaking Skill in Chapter 9 ... 115
Figure 4.8 Materials for Listening Skill in Chapter 1 ... 115
Figure 4.9 Materials for Reading Skill in Chapter 8 ... 116
Figure 4.10 Materials for Writing Skill in Chapter 2 ... 117
Figure 4.11 Topic of Chapter 4 and 5 ... 118
Figure 4.12 Revision of Label Names (Project to Activity) ... 153
Figure 4.13 Cover Book Revision ... 154
Figure 4.14 Topic Selection Image Revision ... 154
Figure 4.15 Vocabulary List Revision ... 156
Figure 4.16 Phonetic Transcription ... 157
Figure 4.17 Revision of Activity Instruction ... 157
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Figure 4.19 Revision of Project Instruction ... 160
Figure 4.20 Listening Script Revision ... 161
Figure 4.21 Cover Book Revision ... 163
Figure 4.22 Revision of Subtitle Draft Book Chapter 4 ... 163
Figure 4.23 Revision of Website Standard APA Citations ... 164
Figure 4.24 Cover Book Revision ... 165
Figure 4.25 Revision of Activity 1 in Chapter 1 ... 182
Figure 4.26 Revision of Activity3 in Chapter 1 ... 182
Figure 4.27 Revision of Activity3a and 3b in Chapter 2 ... 192
xix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AEC : ASEAN Economic Community
BSNP : BadanStandarNasionalPendidikan
CLT : Communicative Language Teaching
CSI : Citra Semesta Indonesia
ELT : English Language Teaching
ESP : English for Specific Purposes
FGD : Focus Group Discussion
KD : KompetensiDasar
KTSP : Kurikulum Tingkat SatuanPendidikan
LP2IP : LembagaPemacuPrestasiBidangIlmuPengetahuan
MGMP : Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran
PBL : Project-based Learning
SCANS : Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills
SK : StandarKompetensi
SKL : StandarKompetensiLulusan
SMK : SekolahMenengahKejuruan
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 : Document Analysis... 230
a. Course Book Evaluation Guideline ... 231
b. Syllabus Evaluation Guideline ... 233
c. Lesson Plan Evaluation Guideline ... 235
Appendix 2 : Interview for Need Analysis ... 237
a. Interview Guideline ... 238
b. Interview Transcript ... 240
Appendix 3 : Observation in Exploration Stage ... 244
a. Observation Guideline ... 245
b. Field Note of Observation ... 248
Appendix 4 : Questionnaire for Need Analysis ... 251
a. Questionnaire Guideline ... 252
b. Questionnaire Form ... 253
c. The Result of Questionnaire ... 260
Appendix 5 : Expert Judgment ... 269
a. Instrument of Expert Validation Form ... 270
b. The Result of Expert Judgment ... 279
Appendix 6 : Classroom Observation of Try Out ... 287
a. Checklist of Classroom Observation ... 288
b. Field note of Try Out ... 290
Appendix 7 : Focus Group Discussion (FGD) ... 297
a. Interview Guideline for FGD ... 298
b. Transcript of FGD ... 299
c. Conclusion of FGD ... 303
Appendix 8 : Questionnaire after Try Out ... 304
a. Questionnaire Guideline ... 305
b. Questionnaire Form ... 306
c. The Result of Questionnaire ... 310
Appendix 9 : Syllabus ... 312
Appendix 10 : Course Grid... 314
Appendix 11 : Permission Letter ... 317
Appendix 12 : Prototype Design ... 321
xxi ABSTRAK
Hikmah Pravitasari. S 200140026. DEVELOPING SUPPLEMENTARY ENGLISH MATERIAL BASED ON PROJECT-BASED LEARNING FOR NURSING STUDENTS OF MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF SMK CITRA SEMESTA INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA. Thesis. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2017.
Penelitian ini bertujuan pada pengembangan materi ajar tambahan bahasa inggris untuk memenuhi kebutuhan siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran di sekolah menengah kejuruan menggunakan pendekatan Project-based Learning (PBL). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi kualitas dari buku teks bahasa inggris yang tersedia dan digunakan di SMK Citra Semesta Indonesia (CSI) Yogyakarta, dan untuk mengembangkan materi ajar tambahan bahasa inggris berbasis proyek di SMK CSI Yogyakarta.
Penelitian ini dikategorikan kedalam penelitian dan pengembangan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan R&D. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahapan yaitu tahap eksplorasi dan tahap pengembangan. Tahap eksplorasi berupa: (1) deskripsi dari buku teks bahasa inggris yang tersedia dan digunakan di SMK CSI Yogyakarta, dan (2) analisa kebutuhan dari materi pembelajaran bahasa inggris kejuruan untuk siswa program pembelajaran keperawatan. Sedangkan pada tahap pengembangan berupa: (1) deskripsi dari konsep buku tambahan bahan ajar bahasa inggris berbasis proyek yang dikembangkan peneliti, dan (2) hasil dari uji coba konsep buku tambahan bahan ajar bahasa inggris berbasis proyek yang diuji cobakan di kelas, dan (3) hasil akhir dari produk buku yang dikembangkan tersebut.
xxii
merevisi model produk buku tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan produk buku yang sesuai, produk buku tersebut diuji cobakan tiga kali berturut-turut di kelas. Dengan melakukan observasi, pembagian kuisioner, dan melakukan focus grup diskusi yang melibatkan peneliti, guru, dan siswa, konsep buku tambahan bahan ajar bahasa inggris berbasis proyek tersebut direvisi hingga didapat hasil akhir dari produk buku yang dikembangkan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, setelah melalui tahap tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa konsep produk buku tersebut sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai bahan ajar tambahan untuk mengajar siswa jurusan keperawatan di sekolah menengah kejuruan. Produk buku tersebut diharapkan dapat memberi beberapa kontribusi dan kemajuan untuk pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa inggris.
xxiii ABSTRACT
Hikmah Pravitasari. S 200140026. DEVELOPING SUPPLEMENTARY ENGLISH MATERIAL BASED ON PROJECT-BASED LEARNING FOR NURSING STUDENTS OF MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF SMK CITRA SEMESTA INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA. Thesis. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2017.
This research aims at developing Supplementary English Material to fulfil the students’ need toward the material at vocational high school using Project-exploration step revealed: (1) the description of the existing course book used in SMK CSI Yogyakarta and (2) the need analysis of the ESP learning material for students of nursing study program. While the development step explained: (1) the description of the draft of supplementary project book, (2) the result of the trial of the draft, and (3) the final draft of supplementary project book.
The data in the exploration stage were collected through conducting document analysis, observation, questionnaire, and having interview. It was carried out to reveal the quality of existing course book used in SMK CSI Yogyakarta and the learner’s need toward the material. The findings show that the existing course book contains general English material and it is less specific to be used for the students of nursing skill program. Hence, the findings imply the supplementary project book was needed to be developed by considering the need of the teacher and the students. The supplementary project book was developed by considering some aspects. It contains theoretical theories of ESP and PBL. Then, it was validated and reviewed by some experts in English Language Teaching (ELT), expert of Nursing, and expert of layout. After obtaining the feedback from the experts, then the researcher revised the prototype. To get the feasible product, theprototype was implemented three times in the classroom. Through conducting observation, distributing questionnaire, and having focus group discussion that involved the researcher, the teacher, and students, the draft was revised to be the final draft of supplementary project book. Therefore, after going through the stages, it could be said that the draft is feasible to be applied as supplementary material to teach students of nursing skill program in vocational high school. It is expected that the book can give some contribution and improvement for English teaching and learning.
