TRAINING EVALUATION FOR SME: A CASE OF LOGAM TIMUR BUSINESS GROUP
IN CEPOGO TIMUR, BOYOLALI
A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the
Requirements to Obtain
Bachelor Degree of Management Double Degree
Written by:
NURUL BEKTI PRAMUDHITA
B100122015
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT DOUBLE DEGREE PROGRAM ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULTY MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
1
TRAINING EVALUATION FOR SME: A CASE OF LOGAM TIMUR BUSINESS GROUP IN CEPOGO TIMUR, BOYOLALI
Nurul Bekti Pramudhita
Management Double Degree, Economics and Business Faculty, Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta
Email: nb_pramudhita@live.com
Abstrak
Desa Cepogo telah lama dikenal sebagai desa yang memiliki banyak pengrajin tembaga. Namun, usaha yang telah dilakukan justru belum berkembang. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh para pengrajin adalah kurangnyanya pengetahuan tentang menajemen bisnis dan kurangnya akses informasi kepada para konsumen. Dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka terhadap manajemen bisnis dan akses informasi, mereka diminta untuk mengikuti pelatihan. Pelatihan dilaksanakan di laboratorium manajemen Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan program pelatihan kepada UMKM, untuk menganalisis evaluasi pelatihan yang telah dilaksanakan, dan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan pelatihan bagi para pengrajin UMKM. Ada 17 pengrajin yang hadir mengikuti pelatihan dan seluruhnya adalah anggota dari KUB Logam Timur dari Desa Cepogo, Boyolali. Pelatihan menggunakan metode in class training dan dibagi menjadi dua sesi. Sesi pertama adalah pelatihan tentang harga pokok penjualan dan sesi kedua adalah pelatihan internet markteting. Tiap sesi dilaksanakan selama dua jam. Data primer diambil dari kuesioner yang dibagikan setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan selesai. Ada dua jenis kuesioner yang diberikan, pertama adalah kuesioner dengan pertanyaan tertutup yang menggunakan skala Likert dan yang kedua adalah kuesioner dengan pertanyaan terbuka. Kuesioner pertama bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan dari pelatihan dan kuesioner dengan pertanyaan terbuka bertujuan untuk menggali informasi lebih dalam tentang hal-hal apa saja yang mereka butuhkan dalam menjalankan bisnis mereka kedepannya. Penelitian deskriptif ini akan menampilkan evaluasi dari pelatihan yang berdasarkan analisis hasil dari kuesioner, disajikan dalambentuk tabel dan pie-chart. Hasil dari kuesioner ditampilkan dalam empat aspek; implementasi pelatihan, materi pelatihan, penunjang pelatihan, dan pelatih. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan telah berjalan efektif dalam keempat aspeknya. Nilai evaluasi pelatihan secara umum adalah 3,93. Nilai untuk evaluasi materi pelatihan adalah 3,98. Penunjang pelatihan mendapat nilai 4,00. Kualitas pelatih mendapat nilai 3,97 untuk pemateri Harga Pokok Penjualan dan 3,88 untuk pemateri internet marketing. Partisipan membutuhkan investasi dan pelatihan lebih lanjut untuk menjalankan usaha mereka ke depannya. Untuk materi pelatihan 41,18% peserta menjawab butuh materi harga pokok penjualan dan materi pemasaran. Akhir dari artikel ilmiah ini, ada beberapa identifikasi mengenai kebutuhan para pengrajin. Saran diberikan kepada aparat desa dan kondisi umum pengrajin juga ditampilkan di bagian kesimpulan.
2 Abstract
Cepogo County has been known as a village that has a lot of copper artisans. However, the businesses is still not well-develop yet. Problems faced by artisans are lack of knowledge of business management and lack of information access to consumers. To increase their knowledge of business management and to access internet information, they were asked to join a training session. Training was conducted in management laboratory, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. This study aims to describe of training program for SME, to analyse the evaluation of the training program that was conducted in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, and to identify training‟s need for SME. There are 17 artisans who attended the training; all of them have joined in Logam Timur business group in Cepogo County. Training method used in class training and divided into two section; cost of goods sold and internet marketing. Each section of the training program was held for two hours. Primary data were collected by distributed the questionnaires after the training session done. There were two types of questionnaires involved, the first one is closed ended-questionnaire which used Likert scale and the second is open ended-ended-questionnaire. The first type of the-questionnaire aims to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the training and open ended-questionnaire aims to get deeper information on what they need in the future while running their business and what kind of material that they need in the next training. This descriptive research will present an evaluation of the training based on the analysis of the questionnaires were collected in table and pie-chart. The result of this study is displayed in four aspects. They are the evaluation of the implementation of the training evaluation, materials evaluation, supporting training evaluation, and the trainers. The training was conducted effectively for all of the aspects. The result score for general aspect is 3,93. Material evaluation aspect‟s score is 3,98. The aspect of training support is 4,00. For the quality of trainer of cost of goods sold is 3,97 and for trainer of internet marketing is 3,88. To run their business, the participants need investment to increase their business and more training to enhance their knowledge. For the next training, the trainees need material of financial and marketing (41,18 percent of trainees). At the end of this article, there are some identification of needs and wants of metal craftsman to drive their business. A suggestion for Cepogo County and a brief general condition of metal craftsman also are presented in the conclusion part of this article.
3 1.INTRODUCTION
Global competition is unavoidable in this global era. Each company (manufacturer or
services) competes intensely. This forces companies to meet customers‟ want and need.
Especially in Indonesia, people mostly need good quality products, but still in reasonable
price. Every company can survive and develop into a better company if they can transform customers‟ needs and wants and upgrade systems within the company. Since 2015, Indonesia has entered the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) which means the
global competition within ASEAN countries begin. This involves exchanges of goods,
information, or employee. The table below presents the facts about Indonesia readiness to
face global economic competition.
Table 1. Readiness Facts to compete in global
No. Notes Readiness Facts
Every business must be prepared to deal with global economy. Globalization is unlimited
to any certain sector of economy, product market, or company size (Noe, 2013: 14). To
face the global business and economic environment, or in ASEAN as we know as AEC
4
must be several preparations. One of the several preparations is preparing human resource.
Human resource is the part of human capital in business or organizations. Human resource
development holds a crucial role for every business performance (Ugoji and Mordi, 2014).
In business, finance, equipment, information and people must be manage. Because of the
dynamic human nature, while managing people or known as human resource management
is the most difficult one (Ugoji and Mordi, 2014).
Metal crafts are a popular business in Cepogo County, Boyolali. Cepogo has been known
as a place that has many metal crafts artisans. Metal crafts businesses in Cepogo county
are mostly family businesses that have been operating for decades since established by
their grandparents. All metal craft businessmen who have joined Logam Timur business
group, did not have any job experience in another metal craft firm, they only run the
established family business. Although they have run their business for decades, not all
metal craftsmen have the ability to manage their business, especially the SMEs. Some of
them only know how to manufacture products, but not to manage them. In short, they only
have the ability to create products, but not to develop business. The ability to manufacture
products without supported by the ability to manage businesses can diminish the likelihood
of growth. However, The ability of business management is an important key to manage
the business, and if the management mishandled. It will affect its organization (Kaswan,
2013: 7).
Indarti and Langenberg (2004) mentioned three variables that determine business success
in Indonesia. They are technology, capital access, and marketing. Those three are the
deficiency identified happened in Indonesia SMEs. Setyawan et. Al., (2015) argue that
SME in the selected clusters have a similar assumption that the only capital is working
capital. The SME in this study (Logam Timur business group) has the similar problems as
Indarti and Langenberg and Setyawan mentioned above. They only count working capital
as the amount of money required for manufacturing in certain period.
In the case of metal craftsman in Cepogo, there are several previous studies. Soemarjati et.
al (2013) and Setyawan et. al. (2013) gave training program to certain metal crafts
business group. Nevertheless, their studies focus on managing website to market the metal
crafts products.Nevertheless, there is no evaluation of their program. In brief, the materials
5
the training program on cost of goods sold had never been established. Thus, cost of goods
sold need to be given for metal crafts in Cepogo Timur.
The goal of this study consist of three points, 1) to describe the training program; 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the training program; 3) to identify of training‟s need for SME. The training program itself aims to increase knowledge of metal craftsmen of the
cost of goods sold and also give a material about how to rule business in cyber era. As
Yahya et. Al. (2012) stated that SMEs profitability and productivity effective if facilitated
by training.
To enhance employee productivity, training is the one method (Arthur et al, 2003). As the
third point of the study‟s goal, this study is important to analyse what they will need in the
future while running their business. This training actually aims to enhance knowledge of
small business in the county. All people have a chance to know how to manage the
business better. As a student university, this training is the part of becoming useful in real
life. At the end of this article, there are some identification of needs and wants of metal
craftsman to drive their business. A suggestion for Cepogo County stated in the part of
conclusion in this article.
Training and development have a significant aspect to involve knowledge, to improve
skills, and to change behaviour and attitude in the organization (Ahmed and Din, 2009). In
line with Kaswan (2013: 2), training should be a continuous activity in every organization
as a daily business need. Training means a way to give new or level up skills of new or
current employees in an organization to perform their jobs (Dessler, 2013). In this case, the
training session was given to metal craftsmen who joined Logam Timur business group in
Cepogo County. Dessler (2013) stated that training can influence the performance of the employee‟s record and give an impressive result. According to Dhliwayo and Nyanumba (2014) stated if a training transferred effectively it will give benefits not only to the
employee but also to the organization.
Santos and Stuart (2003) have suggested that training and development in training will
give impact greatly both on organizational and personal performance. Due to the main aim
of training and development is learning (Noe, 2013: 7) staff can learn more to organize
6
employees with required and appropriate knowledge and skills for daily company activities
(Hamburg, 2014). Organizations should develop integrated learning in their company and
business environment (Hamburg, 2014).
There are two types of training program, the first is on-the-job training program and the
second one is an off-the-job training program. Managers can choose which one is better to
be implemented based on the objectives set, budget, and also the designed program
(Dessler, 2013). This research used on-the-job training method. On-the-job-training means
a person applying what they learn about their job (Dessler, 2013). Dessler in his book
Human Resource Management 13th Ed. (2013) classified several types in on-the-job
training program such as apprenticeship training, informal learning, job instruction
training, lectures, programmed learning, audio-visual based learning, vestibule training,
electronic performance support system (EPSS), videoconferencing, computer-based
training (CBT), and simulated learning. The most familiar one in types of on-the-job
training is the coaching or lectures. A lecture is a simple way to transfer knowledge for big
groups of trainees. This program appropriates when we want to do quickly and spend low
budget. The efficient training could reduce or remove the business failure potency in
SMEs, and this is one of important factor in SME organizational success (Hamburg, 2014).
Siengthai et. al (2014) stated that the training content, the trainer, the training method, and the participant‟ skills are the factors that can influenced the effectiveness of training. The first two are depend on the interaction and collaboration between the organization and the
instructors/trainers. The training activity plans should be based on needs analysis
conducted prior to the actual organization of training activities.
The main purpose of the training is to increase Logam Timur business groups‟ members, a skill to organize their business. A few weeks before the training started, the first thing to
do was to internalize the importance of training. Internalization was given by persons who
have the authority to persuade in Cepogo county and in Logam Timur business group. As
Ahmad and Bakar (2003) suggest if the employee who gives a comprehensible about the
benefits of training, participants will become more committed and more enthusiastic to
participate in training activities. Rahman and Rahman (2013) stated that the earlier
7
2.METHODOLOGY
This study is an exploratory research. Exploratory research is a research which has goal to
elaborate new science or assumption to give suggestion for the next research (Kuncoro:
2013). The descriptive analysis method was used to explain the results of this study.
Frequency distribution was used to explain what kind of help they needed to enhance their
business and what kind of material will help them while running their business. The
frequency distribution is a method to display the number of cases, percentage, or both corresponding for each variable‟s value.
The design of this study is quantitative. The population of this article is the small business
group in Cepogo, Boyolali. This business group is the only one business group in East
Cepogo. The sample of this article is all of the members of Logam Timur business group or
seventeen persons. Primary data were collected by distributed the questionnaire to all
participants after the training program done. The questionnaires were divided into two
types. The first questionnaire is closed ended-question and the second one is an open
ended-question. The closed ended-question used Likert scale. Likert scale is used to
measure behaviour, opinion, and perception of the person or group of social condition or
phenomenon (Sugiyono, 2009). Likert scale is given in five options, on a scles of one to
five, from very poor to very good.
The first part of the questionnaire is designed to clarify metal craftsmen‟s perception on the
training session and the second one is designed to know what they need to run their
business afterwards. There are four components asked in the questionnaire, about the materials, supporting training, overall training, and the trainers‟ evaluation. The respondents of this study are all metal craftsmen who become members of Logam Timur
Business Group in Cepogo County and also who followed the training. The total of the
questionnaires that was distributed are 17 and 100% of questionnaire were collected.
In this study, there are two types of data presents. Nominal data show demographic
characteristic of the trainees. Nominal data present age and gender of trainees. Ordinal data
8
to determine the effectiveness indicator each aspect. Range of scales was used to calculate
the score of each aspect (Sugiyono, 2005).
��= ( − )
�
Which means, Rs = range of scales; m = the highest score; n = the lowest score that
probably happened; b = amount of scale. By this formula, it will give result as the
following;
��= 5−1
5 = 0,8
From the result of the formula above, the range of scale is 0,8. The classifications of scales
range summarize in the table below;
Table 2. Classification of Scales Range
Rating Scale
Very ineffective 1,00 < x ≤ 1,80 Ineffective 1,81 < x ≤ 2,60 Moderate 2,61 < x ≤ 3,40 Effective 3,41 < x ≤ 4,20 Very Effective 4,21 < x ≤ 5,00
To compute the mean value of the data from the questionnaire, it used calculation as
follows;
�= �
�
Which means, X = mean; ∑x = sum of value of cases; N= number of cases
The questionnaires were adopted from the research by Ugoji and Mordi (2014). ). They
arranged the questionnaires into two sections. The questionnaire was designed to clarify reactions of the firm‟s employees on the training evaluation initiative of the organization. In this study, the questionnaire‟s structure highlighted as the following:
1. Section 1 contains the background information of the participants, such as name,
9
2. Section 2 questioned of the training evaluation in terms of the general aspect of
training, training material, training supports and quality of the trainers.
3. Section 3 focus on supporting need by the participants for the next training
3.FINDINGSANDDISCUSSION
Metal crafts are a popular business in Cepogo County, Boyolali. Cepogo has been known
as a place that has many metal crafts artisans. This training is a one way to identify small
metal crafts businesses which unite in one business group. At the end of the evaluation,
there are suggestions for the next trainers, and Cepogo apparatus. Training evaluation
means the process of collecting the result needed to consider whether training is effective
(Noe, 2013: 234). Noe (2013) explains that there are two ways to evaluate training,
formative evaluation and summative evaluation. The part of discussion and analysis in this
article shows the formative evaluation. Formative evaluation is the training evaluation
takes place while development and program design (Noe, 2013: 235). The formative could
help to ensure two things. First, the program of training is well organized, and second,
trainees are satisfied and learn the program (Noe, 2013: 235).
A number of small businesses in Cepogo united and formed a business group named
Logam Timur. Logam Timur business group consists of 17 members. Most of them have
the same problems to organize their business. The training is conducted in the
Management laboratory of Economics and Business Faculty, Muhammadiyah University
of Surakarta. The main reason why it is conducted in the computer room, because in this
room there are a number of computers available and connected to the internet. It makes
learning about internet marketing easier. Hamburg mentioned (2014) that technology is
usually a problem in training; it should be a support for learning. Laugesen et. Al. In
Hamburg (2014) underlined that most of training offerings are not appropriate in the
business need in the organization.
As mentioned before, the questionnaires are divided into two types, closed ended-question
and open ended-question. The first section (closed ended-question) gives an ordinal data as
10 Table 2. Gender Frequency
Gender Frequency Percentages
Male 17 100%
Female - -
Total 17 100%
Source : Processed by the author
By the table above, shows that all business owners are man. As mentioned in the previous
part, most of metal crafts business in Cepogo are the family businesses, from the table
above indicates that only the man who work as a metal craftsman. The research by Indarti
and Langenberg (2004) found that there is no difference between male and female in the
terms of success in business.
Table 3. Age Frequency
Age Frequency Percentages
17-21 1 6%
22-26 8 47%
27-31 3 18%
32-36 4 24%
37-41 1 6%
Total 17 100%
Source: Processed by the author
By the table above, shows that most of the trainees or the members of Logam Timur
business group are in their youth. It will impact to the result of the training evaluation since
the training used computers to support trainers delivered the materials.
The table below is the data of training evaluation result per question and will elaborate
11
Table 4. The Effectiveness Result of Training Evaluation
General Aspect Score Indicator
Materials 4,00 Effective
Punctuality 3,24 Moderate
Training room 4,00 Effective
Quality of the material 4,13 Effective
Organizers‟ attitude (students) 4,18 Effective
Supporting tools 3,80 Effective
Congruence between materials of training and the
expectation 3,82 Effective
The highest score from the table above is 4,18 from Organizers‟ attitude or students‟ attitude. In terms of timeliness, the data shows „moderate‟. It is because on that day it was raining and the distance from Cepogo (their county)
to Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta is a one hour-drive. Although they
used a car to go to Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, they departed from
their home late.
Table 5. The Evaluation of Materials
Materials Evaluation Score Indicator
Increasing the understanding of the cost management 4,06 Effective
Increasing the understanding of the effective way of
marketing the product 4,00 Effective
Increasing the understanding of business
management 4,00 Effective
Increased enthusiasm to learn about online marketing 3,87 Effective
From the data above, three points have a close score. It means that their
knowledge increased because of the training. The only point on online
marketing which get a low score. It indicates that material on online marketing
is not interested in them. From the observation of the author (the organizer),
half of them did not have a clear picture of the benefits of study internet
12
told us that ordinarily the customers and the broker called them to order
products. After they were called, they start to manufacture the products.
Tabel 6. The Evaluation of Training Supports
Training Supports Score Indicator
Foods 4,00 Effective
Internet connection 4,00 Effective
Computers 3,88 Effective
Relationships between participants and organizer 4,00 Effective
Three questions got the same score, which is get 4,00 for mean value. The
facility that scored low is computers. It is normal, because they rarely use
computer to manage their business. For them, computer is not vital while
running their business, even though most of them are in their youth.
Table 7. The Evaluation of Trainers
Evaluation of Trainer of Cost of Goods Sold Score Indicator
Capability to explain the material 3,81 Effective
Presentation methods 4,12 Effective
Communication skills (Interaction with trainee) 4,29 Very Effective
Used supporting tools 3,82 Effective
Easy to understand 3,76 Effective
Participant understanding of the material 3,76 Effective
Time effectiveness 3,88 Effective
Evaluation of Trainer of Online Marketing
Capability to explain the material 3,82 Effective
Presentation methods 3,82 Effective
Communication skills (Interaction with trainee) 4,12 Effective
Used supporting tools 4,00 Effective
Easy to understand 3,82 Effective
Participant understanding of the material 3,82 Effective
13
In terms of trainers‟ quality, the cost of goods sold trainer get the highest score in the aspect of communication skills (interaction with trainee) compare to the online marketing
trainer. However, in the aspect of easy to understand, the online marketing trainer get the
highest score compare to cost of goods sold trainer. From the table above, trainer of online
marketing better than trainer of cost of goods sold in four aspects; 1) capability to explain
the material; 2) used supporting tools; 3) easy to understand; and 4) participant
understanding of the material.
This study presents a data about trainee‟s perception about the overall training. Davidof in
Walgito (1994) define perception as a process to choose, organize, and analyse
information or data to create a meaningful world. In summary, the effectiveness of the
training program shows in the table belows;
Table 8. The Effectiveness Result Per Aspect
Rating Scale Result
1 2 3 4 5
Very
ineffective 1,00 < x ≤ 1,80 Ineffective 1,80 < x ≤ 2,60 Moderate 2,60 < x ≤ 3,40
Effective 3,40 < x ≤ 4,20 3,93 3,98 4,00 3,97 3,88 Very Effective 4,20 < x ≤ 5,00
From the table 8 above, shows that the training to metal craftsmen overall was run
effectively. The only aspect which achieves a low score is material on internet marketing.
This is normal, since while the training, most of them still did not know the function of online marketplace. The highest one is the aspect about „training supporting‟.
The picture below, will explain about supporting needed by the metal craftsmen to run their
business. Data was collected by open-ended question in the second part of the
14 Picture 1. Supports Needed
A frequency distribution from the questionnaires “supports needed” is shown in picture 1 above. The pie-chart shows the data that 35% of all members did not answer what is needed
by their business. This is not because they already feel satisfied with their business, but they
did not know anything that can develop their business. The picture shows that 24%
participants asked to join another training on enhancing business and on entrepreneurship.
The remaining, 18% answer others, such as need a coaching from the expert, working
capital, working tools, and fix the route access to their county.
Picture 2. Material of Training Needed
This article shows a brief review of what materials that needed by metal craftsmen to
develop their business (picture 2). From picture 2 above, we can learn that they need
materials on how to manage their business finance (41% need more finance material).
15
family business, they do not separate family finance from their business finance. This is in
same way hampers their business. For instance, they retrieve money from the firm for the owners‟ personal need and use personal money for the firms‟ need.
4.CONCLUSION
The training method used in class training. The trainer or instructor is a facilitator for the
trainee in the class. In this training all trainees are asked to be more active during the
materials session. There are some supporting facilities in the class, such as LCD projector,
computers, and internet connection. The training session was divided into two sections.
The first section was a session on how to calculate cost of goods sold and the second one
was a session on internet marketing. Each section of the training was held for two hours.
The trainers of the training program both are the lecturer in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta who competent towrds the materials. The trainers are a lecturer who ordinarily
as aninstructure for SME training program. Trainers provided brief theories, and then gave
an example of case study so that the trainees would understand easily. At the end of the
material session, the instructor asked them to directly practice of what has just been
delivered. The training session started at 10 am at management laboratory Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta. It finished at 4 pm in the same day.
Training in business management is exactly what is needed by small business owner.
However, the evaluation afterwards has stressed point. For training organizers, there
should be a deeper understanding of the training. As the impact, the training organizers can
decide the right measures after the training evaluation. This study shows that almost half of
the metal craftsmen need an understanding of how to manage their business especially for
the financial aspect.
Briefly, there are two important aspects that they need to improve. The first is financial
management. Since they started their business, they did not know how to manage their
business. Most of them have been aware that there is a different calculation in business
from the one they did. They did not know that the wrong calculation can halt their
business. It means they need another financial management training to organize their
16
government or other associated agencies must target SMEs manager to be convinced and
exist in global competition. They also stated that government or other authorities should
concern to develop SMEs that have limitation in the terms of lack of budget, expertise, etc,
then, the related training can be planned (to give training for SMEs in certain sectors,
regions, life stages etc.).
The second one is marketing. Their business depends on brokers. They do not have a clear
picture of how to market their products. This condition will make them enter the market
unclearly. They have limited knowledge on how big their market share and how consumers‟ value. However, Jingga and Limantara (2015) in their article show a data about prospective SME customer in cyber era. They described that 53% of buyer for SMEs
are the Social Media user and usually buy from online shop once a month; 35% of Social
Media users have a problem with the SME online shop; 74% of internet users are
interested to give Rating and Review in online SMEs store.
For Cepogo apparatus, this evaluation of training program can be a reference to develop
small metal craft business in that county. This training was held only for Logam Timur
business group, which is only one of few business clusters in Cepogo. The County
apparatus needs to increase their knowledge on business organizing, including in how to
organize their finance and how to penetrate the market.
There are two limitations in this study. First, there is still unclear definition of capital
measurement in this SME. We failed to convince our respondents to answer complete
capital which includes fixed assets and tools of production during the training. Second,
material of internet markting not focuses on one online marketplace. However, they knew
the benefits of using online marketplace.
Concerning future investigation, the researcher should consider taking a few points; 1)
business finance training should be joined by all the members of metal craftsmen.
Therefore, each metal crafts should to know and have a clear understanding of business
finance material. Particularly, the material of fixed cost, variable cost, and calculate Break
Even Point. Those three is needed to the members of Logam Timur business group. 2) The
training program on online marketing should be joined for two or three persons only.
17
to maximize the material. 3) Focus on one online marketplace that probably easy to
understand and to use for the metal craftsmen. The trainer organizer should compare a few
online marketplaces in Indonesia before start the training program.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My great gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Anton Agus Setyawan who gave me new
knowledge and perspective to finish this project and the one who gave advices while
training, Farid Wajdi, Ph. D. Many thanks to my friends who supporting my final project,
Dhori Pridana Kusuma, SE., Atok Riwanto, SE., Wahyu Sulistianto, SE., and Huda K.
Maulana, SE., without them it might be not accomplished.
REFERENCES
Ahmad, K.Z. and Bakar, R.A. (2003).The Association between Training and
Organizational Commitment among White Collar Workers in Malaysia. International
Journal of Training and Development. Vol. 7(3): 166-185.
Ahmed I, and Din S (2009). Evaluating training and development. Gomal Journal of
Medical Sciences. Vol. 7 (2): 165-166.
Arthur W Jr, et al. (2003). Effectiveness of training in organizations: A meta-analysis
of design and evaluation features. Journal Applied Psycho. 88:234−245.
Dhliwayo, S., and Nyanumba, K., (2014). An evaluation of an on the job training program
at a UK based public health care company. Problems and Perspectives in
Management. Vol. 12 (2): 164-172
Gary Dessler. 2013. Human Resource Management 13th ed. USA: Pearson.
Indarti, Nurul, and Langenberg, Marja. 2004. “Factors Affecting Business Success among SMEs: Empirical Evidences from Indonesia”, presented at The second bi-annual European Summer University 2004, University of Twente, Enschede, The
Netherlands, September, 19-21st.
Jingga, F., and Limantara, N. (2015). The Development of Indonesia Small Medium
Enterprise (SME) Rating and Review Portal. International Journal of Multimedia and
Ubiquitous Engineering. Vol. 10 (3): 211-218
Kaswan. 2013. Coaching dan Mentoring Untuk Pengembangan dan Peningkatan Kinerja
Organisasi. Bandung: Alfabeta
Kuncoro, Mudrajad. 2013. Metode Riset untuk Bisnis dan Ekonomi. Jakarta: Penerbit
18
Meliala A.S., et. Al. (2004). Strategi Peningkatan Daya Saing Usaha Kecil dan Menengah
(UKM) Berbasis Kaizen. Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri, Vol. 13 (2): 641- 66.
Noe, Raymond A. 2013. Employee Training and Development 6th ed. Singapore :
McGraw-Hill International.
Ramhan, M.H., and Rahman, A (2013). Employee Perception towards Effective Training
Program: A Study on Some Selective Private Commercial Banks. European Journal
of Business and Management. Vol. 5 (12): 62-74
Rehmat, W., et. al., (2015). Is Training Effective? Evaluating Training Effectiveness in
Call Centers. Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies. Vol. 2
(1): 4 – 13
Robson, P. and Bennett, R., (2000). SME growth: the relationship with business advice
and external collaboration. Small Business Economics. Vol. 15 (3): 193-208.
Saebani, Beni Ahmad., Nurjaman, Kadar. 2013. Manajemen Penelitian. Bandung: CV
Pustaka Setia.
Santos A, Stuart M (2003). Employee Perceptions and their influence on training
effectiveness. Human resource Management Journal, 13 (1): 27-45.
Santoso, Singgih. 2003. Statistik Deskriptif : Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan MS Excel da n
SPSS. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.
Setyawan, A.A., et. Al. (2015). An Assessment of SME Competitiveness in Indonesia.
Journal of Competitiveness. Vol. 7 (2): 60 – 74.
Setyawan, H.D., et. al. (2013). Implementasi E-Commerce Pada Industri Kerajinan
Kuningan dan Tembaga Muda Tama.
Siengthai, S., et. al. (2014). Evaluation of Training Effectiveness: A Case Study of the
Ministry of Interior, Thailand. Comprehensive Research Journal of Management and
Business Studies (CRJMBS). Vol. 2 (2): 021 -028
Soemarjati, Tj. Et. al (2013). Pemberdayaan Produksi Kerajinan Logam di Kecamatan
Cepogo Boyolali Menuju Pasar Ekspor.
Squires, Paul. 2016. Concept Paper On Improving Training Evaluation in Organizations.
Applied Skills & Knowledge. www.appliedskills.com
Sugiyono. 2005. Memahami Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Alfabet.
Tripathi, R., and Chaurasia, K. K. (2014). Analysis and Evaluation of Training Methods.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Social and Management
Science. Vol. 2 (2): 91 - 98
19
and development within the service industries in Nigeria. Journal of Research in
International Business and Management. Vol. 4 (1): 79-8
Wahab, S.R.A., et. al. (2014). Employees‟ Perception and Motivation towards Training
and Development Programmes in Health Sector of Pakistan: A Case Study of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa. Research Journal of Recent Sciences. Vol. 3 (2): 1-7
Walgito, B. 1994. Pengantar Psikologi Umum 4th ed. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset
Yahya, A. Z., et. Al. (2012). The Impact of Training on Small and Medium Enterprises
(SMEs) Performance. Journal of Professional Management. Vol. 2 (1): 14-25.
Zinovieff, M., (2008). Review and Analysis of Training Impact Evaluation Methods, and
Proposed Measures to Support a United Nations System Fellowships Evaluation
20
X2-21 Numbe
r of Respo ndents
Cost of Goods Sold Trainer Online Marketing Trainer
22
Computer 29.4% 52.9% 17.6%
Relationships between participants and
organizer 23.5% 58.8% 17.6%
Cost of Goods Sold Trainer Evaluation
Capability to explain the material 35.3% 52.9% 11.8%
Presentation methods 11.8% 64.7% 23.5%
Communication skills (Interaction with
trainee) 70.6% 29.4%
Used supporting tools 41.2% 35.3% 23.5%
Easy to understand 41.2% 41.2% 17.6%
My understanding with this material 41.2% 41.2% 17.6%
Time effectiveness 5.9% 23.5% 52.9% 17.6%
Online Marketing Trainer Evaluation
Capability to explain the material 35.3% 47.1% 17.6%
Presentation methods 5.9% 11.8% 76.5% 5.9%
Communication skills (Interaction with
trainee) 5.9% 76.5% 17.6%
Used supporting tools 29.4% 41.2% 29.4%
Easy to understand 41.2% 35.3% 23.5%
My understanding with this material 35.3% 47.1% 17.6%
