The Relationship between Water Quality and Distribution of Aquatic Biota in Sagara Menyan, Subang West Java-Indonesia

VOL. XI

I

8 FEBRUARY 2014

PROCEEDINGS OF

THE HOKKAIDO INDONESIAN STUDENT

ASSOCIATION SCIENTIFIC MEETING

HISAS

Today's Vision, Tomorrow's Reality

SCOPE

I

Agriculture and Forestry

I

Energy and Eco-friendly Engineering

I

Fie ld Eng ineering

I

Environmental and Earth Science

I

Huma n a nd Socia l Environmental Studies

ISS N 2355-4398

Organized

by:

I

}

ｾ＠

ｾ＠

I

I

- ｾＭＭＭＭＭ ｾ Ｂ Ｎ ＢＧ＠. . . - ａＮＢＧＭＢＧｃＧｴｯＮＮｉｉｾ＠ .... " ... " ... . _ • • ..., ... ｾＮＬＰＳｖＢＧｊＬＮＴＮｉＮｕｉＮｉＮ＠ ｾｉｃｉｉＧｕｉ｜ＬＮＺ＠ Meeting (illSAS)

I

VoL Xl18 February 2014

ISSN: 2355-4398 .

Chair of Committee's Message

The

11th

HISAS (Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scientific Meeting) met

III

Sapporo at February

08 2014,

hosted by PPIH (Indonesian student Association in Hokkaido)

with the gracious support from Hokkaido University by providing venue in the Faculty of Earth

and Environmental Science. Our thanks and appreciation go out to KBRI Tokyo, KITAGAS

and other sponsors, great invited speakers, participants and to all the

ＴＩｴｨ･ｲｾ＠

that contributed in

the largest HISAS meeting ever held.

We are very pleased to have been able to invite Prof Noriyuki Tanaka from Census Hokkaido

University, Prof Yuichi Kamiya from Faculty of Environmental and Earth Science Hokkaido

University, Dr. Yosuke Okimoto from Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University and Dr.

Aditya Riadi Gusman from Institute of Seismology and Volcanology Hokkaido University. We

had very great talk delivered by such experts in their respective field which can hroaden our

knowledge.

The aim of HISAS is communicating research progress from Indonesian student under

sustainability framework for better future. Although it originally targeted indonesian students

who are studying at Hokkaido, many: participants came from outside of Japan with diverse

scientific background. More than 60 papers were delivered and presentations made

Oli

these

and related topics. All of the presented papers will be available in this proceeding. It was

almost impossible to capture all of the co"ntent and enthusiasm from the various fields of new

information and new technologies which were introduced in this meeting.

ｗｾ＠

are optimistic

these proceeding will broaden our knowledge in many topics and related fields.

At last we want to acknowledge the editors. We are extraordinarily grateful to the generous

help of these colleagues.

It

was with great pleasure that our colleagues and we had this

opportunity to host such a great meeting.

Sapporo, 8 February

2014

Preface

Table of content

Redaksional

Keynote Lectures

---.,,---

-Meeting (IDSAS)

I

VoL XI

18

February 2014 ISSN: 2355-4398

Table of Content

11

Vlll

Center for Sustainability Science, Hokkaido University

1

Professor Noriyuki Tanaka

Remediation of Groundwater Polluted with Nitrate by Catalytic and Photocatalytic

2

Reactions

Professor Yuiclii Kamiya

Study on Thinning Practice Model of the Mangrove RehabiIltation for Sustainable

3

Development of Coastal Communities

Dr. Y osuke Okimoto

A New Methodology for Near-Field Tsnnami Inundation Forecasting (Neartif) And

5

Its Application To The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami

DC Aditya Riadi- Gusman

Parallel Sessions

Utilization of Ozone-Slurry Ice

ｃｯｾ｢ｩｮ･､＠

Refrigeration System as Strategy to

Maintain The Quality

ｯｦｆｲ･ｾｨ＠

(Rastrelliger neg/ectus)

Fish .

Achmad Wildan,Tri Winarni Agustini, and Muhammad Nur

Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Response of The Yield through The Pruning Flowers Technique in Purple Sweet

Potato Cultivar Ayamurasaki

Desty Dwi Sulistyowati, Irza Arnita Nur, and Suwarto

Bogor Agricultural University

7

11

The Implementation of Integrated Farming System Based on Eco Techno Farming

15

(lFS-ET) As a Way to -Develop Creative Agribusiness Area in Bogor Regency,

Indonesia

Diana Lestari Ningsih, Melissa Amandasari, and Sabrina

Bogor Agricultural University

The Use of Euphoria longana Seed Waste in Extract Form as Antioxidant and Anti-

19

inflammatory to Accelerate Wound Healing Through Increasing of Platelet Derived

Growth Factor-BB Expression

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scientific 1I1eeting (HISAS) I Vol. XI 18 February 2014

ISSN: 2355-4398

Potential of Velvet Bean

(Mucuna Pruriells)

as Defaunation Agent to Reduce Methane

23

Production

Sindi Fathonah, Yanto Hardiyanto, Dwierra Evvyemie, dan Didid Diapari

lnstitut Pertanian Bogor

Vitis vinifera Extract Inhibition on the · Growth of

Candida al5icans

as Denture

27

Cleanser

Zahrina Sandra Difya, Kirana Mahadewi, and Laily Iman Sari

Airlangga University

Catfish

(Pallgasius hypophthalmus)

Bone Gelatin: Extraction Optimization with Acid

30

Concentration, Temperature, and Time of Extraction Treatment

Ayu Purnama Sari, Adi Sutakwa, and Siti Khotijah

Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia

Application of Antibiotic and Giberelin Acid as The Inductor of Seedless

Lallsium

35

domesticum

Louis Eben Ezer Ointing, Mita Dianasari, and Yuanda Pangi Harahap

Bogor Agricultural University

Optimalization of Genetic Resources from Local Varieties Through Collaborative of

38

Participatory Plant Breeding

Nidya Sharah Pane, Louis Eben Ezer Ointing, and Dewi Valentina

Bogar Agricultural University

1.

Utilization of Moringa Leaves

(Moringa oleifera)

for Malnutrition Solution in

41

Tropical Area to Realize Indonesia Food and Nutrition Security

Virgi Rya Anggraini, and Fitria Irsbawati

Bogor Agricultural University

Fotification Antioxidants Vitamin E and Selenium in the Diet on Blood Profile as

45

Effort to Reduce the Heat Stress of Laying Hen

Teguh Cahya Gumilar, Febriantilndah Maryani, and Hafidz llman Albana

Bogar Agriculture University

The Utilization of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (Surfactant) from

Jatrophq cUI'cas

Oil

as

High Powercleaner, Renewable, Biodegradable and Better Quality of Detergent Color

Mujtahid Alfajri, Ilham Marvie, and Hidayatul Munawaroh

Bogor Agricultural University

Strategy to Development of Cocodiesel as an Alternative Repiocement for Fuel Diesel

in

Remote Areas

Muh Fadhil Albab, Andi Ilman Alqadri, and Muhammad Ridha Jihad

University of Indonesia

50

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Ind()ncsian Student Associati()n Scientific Meeting (HISAS) I Vol. XII 8 February 2014

ISSN: 2355-4398

A Study on Organically Cross-linked Polymer: Math<!matical Model of Gelation

59

Time Polymer to EOR Application

Farizal Hakiki,Nuraeni, and Zihnil Adha Islamy Mazrad

Bandung Institute of Technology

"

Application of Biosorption Using Algae

Spirogyra hyalina

to Reduce Water Pollutant

63 .

in Jakarta Bay

Farah Aisyah Sukmawati,andRiana Santoso

Bogor Agricultural University

Building Performance And Thermal Comfort In Naturally Ventilated Building: Czse

67

In Convention Center Building In Tropical Climate

Muhammad Nur Fajri Alfata, and Yuri Rermawan Prasetyo

Ministry of Public Works, Indonesia

The Use of Cacao

(Theobroma cacao)

Pod Husk Waste to Inhibit the Growth of

74

Supragingival Bacteria in Mouth

Nia Rahma Lutfiani, Rizki KusuiTIadhika, Elda Yuliantari, and Ratri Pradnya Paramita

Airlangga University

Synthesis of Methyl Eugenol Based on Green Chemistry Using Dimethyl Carbonate

78

Nurcahyo Iman Prakoso and Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih

Gadjah Mada University

Solving The Fuel Crisis In Indonesia 'Vith Creative Solution Called Local (Low

82

Carbon-Emission Lifestyle) Movement

.Sabilil Akbar Husniaputra, Fuad Azminuddin, and Era Perk:asa Lanomi

Bandung Institute of Technology

Utilization of Oscillating Vortices As Renewable Energy Resource At Suramadt:

85

Bridge

or

Completing the Problem of Energy Crisis, and Environmental Pollution

A.

Labib Fardany, and Aldi Pratama Putra

University of Indonesia

Groundwater Condition Assessment Using Waterbalance Approach in Jatinangor, ·

90

West Java for Groundwater Conservation

AhmadEgi Pratama Hanif, Yudhi Listiawan, Rifky Meisa Anugrah, and Sapari Dwi

Radian

Padjadjaran University

Effectiveness of Moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera) in Reducing Levels of Turbidity,

94

Iron and Manganese in 'Vater Flocculation Process in Makassar

I '

I

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scientific Meeting (H1SAS) I Vol. XI 18 February 201 4

ISSN: 2355-4398

Evaluating Effectiveness of Relocation Programs After Tsunami 2004: A Case Study

of Jacky Chan Village, Budha Tzu-chi Village, Islamic Relief Housing in Aceh

Province, Indonesia

Rahmi, Chao Tzu-Yuan

National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

98

Rehabilitation after Eruption of Merapi Mountain Through Utilization

of Hydrant

102

Pump Without Fuel to Overcome Water Shortages in Tlogolele Village, Selo, Boyolali

Yahya Dwi Putra Nugraha

Sebelas Maret University

Converting Saltwater into Drinkwater as a Solution for Global Crisis in a Fresh

106

Water Needs: an Approach Using Green Technology '

Frisca Mllrina Renandia, Ryando Perdana, and Nurrahmah Azizah

DiponegoroUniversity

Geo-ecology Restoration Master Plan on Limestone Quarry of PT Indocement

110

Tunggal Pralcarsa Palimanan, Cirebon, \Vest Java, Indonesia

FX Anjar Trilaksono and Yan Bachtiar Muslih

Diponegoro University

Campgrounds Based Disaster Mitigation, Payam illl Village, District

Yogyakarta

Erpin Habibah, and Luki Aprilia

Gadjah Mada University

: ....

.t.

Bantul,

114

Investigation ofWorlview-2 SpeCtral Cover. for Identify Indonesia Coral Reef

118

Stratum Types

Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa, Ariyo Kanno, Masahiko Sekine, and Nurjannah Nurdin

Yamaguchi University, Japan

Space-based Detection of Peatlands' Landcover Changes and Its Impact on Coastal

122

Erosion

Muhammad Haidar, Koichi Yamamoto, Noerdin Basir, Ariyo Kanno, and Masahiko

Sekine

Yamaguchi University, Japan

Mitigation Planning on 2014 Predictive Eruption of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta,

14

8

Indonesia: A Lesson from Merapi's 4 Years Eruption Cycle

Widiastuti Nur Farida, and Ag'!tha Armadhea Vashti

Diponegoro University

HOLGETOR 3 in 1 Eco-friendly Vegetables and Fruits Preservative Tools, Less

133

Energy Based on Automatic Water Spray and Nano Co Doped ZnO

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scicntilk Meeting (H1SAS) I Vol. XI 18 February 2014

ISSN: 2355-4398

Determine Best Practice of COBIT to support Business of Small Medium Enterprise

(SME) in Indonesia (Case Study: SME in West Java)

Aceng Salim, and Eka Nurmuzaki

Bandung Institute of Technology

..

"Sekolah Alam Pertanian" for Increasing Interest and Attention on Agriculture,

Environment,and Rural Local Wisdom

Jajang Jaelani .

Bogor Agricultural University

137

141

Using English-translated Indonesian Kid-:;ongs in English Class to Teach English

148

Vocabulary and Noun Phrases, and to Encourage Indonesian Young Learners'

Concern About Nature

Puthut Prehantoro

Hokkaido University of Education, Japan

Phenomenological Studies of Leadership in Ecological Intelligence of Nature Lovers

153

Titis Sekti Wijayanti-, Adi Sutakwa, and Luthfiyah Dyaka

Sebelas Maret University

Liquid Fertilizer as A Solution for Organic Waste Problems and Empowerment of

157

Scavenger

Bagus Harjanto Sukra Ardi, Lisa Karis, Niken Rahmah Ghanny, and Novi Andri-anto

Bogor Agricultural University

I. . '

Bank Lingkungan Inovatif (IiUlovative Trash Bank): . An Innovative Waste

161

Management System to Create Zero Waste and Energy Independent-Village in

Cikahuripan Village, Lembang, West Java

.

Amelia Warliana, Desi Wulan Dhari,' Indah Rosidah Maemunah, Khatlya Rivana Putri,

Seny Damayanti, Shabrina Nida Alhusna, and Shuffah Nur Hijrah

Bandung Institute of Technology

The Relationship between Water Quality and Distribution of Aquatic Biota in Sagara

165

Menyan, Subang West Java-Indonesia

Lusita Meilana, Ayu Ramadhini Hastuti, and Hefni Effendi

Bogor Agricultural University

The Effect of Chromium Waste Pollution In Cikijing River to Physical and Chemical

171

Quality of Well in Linggar Village, Rancaekek, Bandung

Moch Prahastomi Muttahari Suprayitna, Eriya Utama, Sofyan MuItazam, Ade Putra,

Muhammad Syarif Ali Akbarsyah, Taufiqurrahman, and Ryandi Adlan

Padjadjaran University

Horizontal Distribution of Total Suspended Solid in Madura Strait

Aries Dwi Siswanto, and Achmad Fachruddin Syah

Trunojoyo University

174

Proceedings of The Hokkairlo Indonesian Student AssociatioiiScicntific Meeting (H1SAS) I Vol. XI 18 February 20,4 "

ISSN: 2355-4398

Effect of Addition Lerak Fruit Extract

(Sapindus rarak)

in Feed Containing Omega-3

178

Fatty Acids to Broiler Performance and Fatness

,.

165

Proceedings-of The Hokkaid o Indonesian Student Association Scientific Meeting (H1SAS) I Vol. XII 8 ｆ ･ ｢ｲｵｾｲｹ＠ 2014 -ISSN: 23554398

The Relationship between Water Quality and

Distribution of Aquatic Biota in Sagara Menyan, Subang

West Java-Indonesia

Lusita Meilana#l, Ayu Ramadhini Hastuti"2, Hefni Effendi#3

# Department of Living Aquatic Resources Management, Bogar Agriculture University, Bogor, Indonesia

# Department of Living Aquatic Resources Management, Bogor Agriculture University, Bogor, Indonesia #Center for Environmental Research of Bogor Agrieuiture University, Bogar Agriculture University, Bogar, Indonesia

·Corresponding Author's E-mail: lusitameilana@yahoo.co.id

Abstract..,- Coastal known as thl! aquatic ecosystem have a very large resource potential. This area has been widely utilized and made a significant contribution. However, coastal get constant pressure in the form of ecological pollutants resulting fromhum:m activities. These conditions will lead to a decrease water quality that will bring harm to the aquatic biota.

This observation purposed to measure the

cllaracteristics of the qu:.lity parameters and the distribution of coastal and estuarine biota in Segara Menyan. Water temperature .. at Segara Mer.yan ranged from 30 to 32°C. Water depths ranged 59 to 250 cm. The transparency ranged 50 .to 89.5 cm. Range levels of DO 1.5 to 5.4 mg/L. Range levels of salinity 30 to 36 psu. Range levels of total ll.hosphate 0.03 to 0.2 mglL. Range levels of nitrate 0.0023 to 0.0257 mgll. Rar.ge levels of nitrite 0.0005 to 0.0058 mglL. Range levels of amonia 0.0071 to 0.2429

mg/L. DJ dan Dz• The range of chlorophyll-a 0.0032

to 0.122 mg/L. Based on the STORET Method analysis obtained, Segara Menyan was fertility waters with medium polluted in water ｱｵ｡ｬｩｴｹｾ＠ It has low diversity, low stable community, medium similarity and high . dominance of biota aquatic. Caused by pressure in the form of ecological pollutants originating from human activity and the management indiscretion .•

Keywords-

Water quality, Waters condition, Organism, Segara Menyan, Human Activity

I. INTRODUCTION

As it mentioned in that entitled "Institutional Arrangements for Managing Coastal Resources and Environments", Sorensen & MC CREARY (1990) defines the border or coastal zone is the space where the two major environmental change, namely sea and land. There are 17,508 islands and 81,000 miles of coastline along Indonesia known as the mega-biodiversity countries in terms of biodiversity, coastal areas and has huge potential to various deVelopment options (Rahmawati, 2004). Marine and coastal areas are a very important area for the majority of the Indonesian population and 60% of the toial popUlation of Indonesia, living and active in marine and coastal areas (Dahuri, 1995). Indonesian marine and

coastal areas are also an important area in the world environment. Indonesia is recognized as a world center of biodiversity for marine biota and coastal, including coral reefs, reef fish, mollusks and mangrove (Tomascik et al., 1997). However, coastal areas face constant pressure in thl! form of ecological pollutants originating from human activity and the management indiscretion has caused many marine ecosystems and certain marine biota decreased quality imd quantity and water quality at a v<"ry worrying rate (Dirhamsyah, 2006). One of the coastal . water affected is the Segara menyan. This is one of the coastal areas and estuaries in West ·lava. In addition . to having ' a broad estuary, the area has mangrove forest vegetation. Hence, the estuarine region Mayangan has abundant resources of coastal biota contained therein.

The purpose of this research is to measure the quality parameters characteristics of the aquatic biota distribution in coastal and ｾ＠ estuarine in Segara Menyan Mayangan Subang ..

.J.

II. MATERIALANDMETHOD

A. Sampling Period and Study Sites

The sampling was carried out in December 2012 in Segara Menyan, Subang West lava-Indonesia. A total of 4 stations were chosen according to the water character of environmental conditions. Station I is located in the body of the river, Station 2 is located at the mouth of the dver, Station 3 is located at the mouth of the close river and Station 4 is located off the coastal area. Water quality parameters were observed at each station such as temperature, depth, transparency, DO, salinity, total phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and chlorophylla. -While the biological parameters observed were macro benthos, plankton, and fish.

B. Sampling Methods

Physico-chemical analysis ｾ ｟＠

The concentrations of tot a! phospate, Nitrogen (Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia) were measured using inductively

｣ｯｾｰｬ･､＠ phasma spectrometry after digestion with aqua regia (HN03:HCI; I :3) in teflonlined high pressure decomposition vessels. Salinity was recorded with a refractometer, abiotic parameters (temperature and

I

· 1

l

I

dissolved oxygen) were recorded with an oxygen meter, and water transparency was estimated based on turbidity 9 and Secchi depth, according to Yanez-Arancibia et al., 10

1983 (in Rebelo, 1992).

II

Biological samples processing 12

Proceedings of The.Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scientific Meeting (HlSAS) I Vol. Xl IS February 2014 ISSN: 2355-4398

Anunonia

(NHJ-N) mg/I SpcctrometrylPhenate

Chlorophyll-a mg/I Spedrometry/aseton

elektric Microskop /

Plankton Inelll sensus

Benthos Inellm1 S.urber/visual

Ex situ

Ex situ

Ex situ

Ex situ

Nekton Ind Net/visual

Biotic parameters (chlorophyll-a) was measured using 13

Ex situ

spectrometry methods. Fishes were preserved by freezing:-. ＮＮＺＮＺＮＮＭＮＮＺＮＮＮＮ［Ｌ［］［ＬＺ［ＬＮＬＬＭＭＭＮＮＮＮＺｾＭＭＡＮＺＮＺＺＺＮＺＺＮＮＮＺＮＺｾＺＺＮＺＮＮＮＮＭＭＭＭＭＭｾｾＡＮＡＮＡＡＮＭ

At the laboratory each specimen was identified, according

III.

...

RESULT

1. Environmental Variables

to the taxonomIc keys of Bauchot and Pras (1987) and Whitehead et al. (1986), measured (total length), and weighed (total weight). The mollusc samples were processed through. a sieve with a mesh size of 0.5 mm and the retained fraction was fixed in 4% neutral formalin stained with Rose Bengal. Organisms were sorted out of the residue by eye (see De Grave and Whitaker, 1999), identified to species level when possible, and counted.

Table 2. Values Obtained for Water Variables at the 4 Sampling Station

Data analysis

The total number of species, the Shannone Wiener diversity index (Shannon and Weaver, 1963), the Simpson dominance index (Odum, 1971), and Eveness Indeks (Bengen 2000). The condition of water quality was analysis with STORET Index (KepMen No 51, 2004). Describe the condition from reference study and ecology side.

ｾ＠

-.

ｾ＠

=

Fig 1. Map of the Segara Menyan showing sampling stations: st I (the body of the river), st 2 (the mouth of the river), st 3 (the mouth of the close river), st 4 (the coastal).

. sources: modification from google map (Zahid, 2012)

Parameters

Temperature (C)

Depth (em)

Transparency (cm)

% transparency

Surface Salinity (psu)

Bottom Salinity (psu)

Surface DO (mg/I)

Bottom DO (mgll)

Total Phosphate (rug/I)

Nitrate (mg/I)

Nitrite (mgll)

Ammonia (mgfl)

Chlorophyll-a (mgfl) 'Species Number o(

Plankton Diversity Index of Plankton Evenness Index of Plankton

Dominancy Index of Plankton

Species Number of Benthos

Tabel I .MateriaI and Methods Used in Analysis of Water Diversity Index of Samples on The Physics, Chemistry, And Biology Parameters Benthos

30-31 145-161 68-76 48.01 35 31 2,3077 1.5385 0,2048 0,0023 0,0005 0,0719 0,0085 14 0,7212 0,4983 0,2809 II 3.41 Station

2 3

30,5-31,5 31-32

90-104 59-76

86-95 50-60

81,74 84,62

30 30

30,5 34

3,8462 3,8462

3,8462 5,3846

0,0442 0,0455

0,0187 0,0257

0,004 0,0058

0,1863 0,2229

0,0032 0,0104

8

0,7273 0,7085

0,5026 0,4895

0,2343 0,3064

10 II

2,6 0,44

4 31,5-32 119-124 69-89,5 65,29 '.35 . 36 5.3846 5.3846 0,0483 0,0047 0,0015 0,2429 0,0122 9 0,3628 0,2507 0,6304 10 0,39

__ ＨＡＮＺＮａｐＡＡＮＮＡｈａｾ［Ｎ［ＱＺＮＮＺＺＹＮＮＺＺ［ＸＺＺＺＮＹＡＬ［［＠ ＲＺＺ［ＰｾＰｾＵＺＢＺＺＩ＠ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -r-_ _ _ _ E!;:.!venness Index of

In Benthos

No Station Unit

1 Temperature °C

2 Depth em

3 Transparency cm

4 Salinity psu

5 DO mg/I

6 Total Phospate rug/I

7 Nitrate (NOrN) mg/I

8 Nitrite (N02;N) mgll

Materi:lI/methods Thermometer !Expansion Seechi diskNisual Secchi diskNisual Refractometer Winkler SpectrometrylDigestion Spectrometry/Brucine

. Spectrometry/Co lorimetrik

situlEPominaney Indcx of situ Benthos

In situ In situ Tn situ Tn situ

In situ

Ex situ

Ex situ

Ex situ

0,9 0,82 0,04 0,12

[image:10.606.25.570.40.821.2]

2. Water QualityParameters

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indon es ian Student Association Scienti!ic Meeting (HISAS) I Vol. X118· February 2014

ISSN: 2355-4398 .

Based on the results of the analysis using the STORET Method was obtained amounting -29, so according value system of "US-EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)" to determine the status of water quality value

[image:11.605.49.574.35.820.2]

ranged -11 s/d -30 was medium polluted categorized. .

Table 3. Analysis STORET Method

quality _{min max}

average min ..max average Total

standards

Physics

TemperatUre DC 25±3 30 32 31 -I -I -3 -5

Transparency em 50 89,5 69,75

°

Chemistry

°

Salinity psu <34 30 36 33

°

-2

°

-2

DO mgIL >5 1,5 5,4 ,3,45 -2

°

-2 -4

Total Phospate mgIL 0,015 0,03 0,2 0,115 -2 -2 -6 -10

Nitrate (NOJ-N) mglL 0,008 0,0023 0,0257 0,014

°

-2 -6 -8

Nitrite (N01-N) mgIL 0,0005 0,0058 0,00315

°

Ammonia (NH)-N) mgIL 0,3 0,0071 0,2429 0,125

° °

°

°

Total -29

1

ｾ＠

,

j

3. Biology Paramet<!rs Plankton

The four stations· provided a total of 28 species.

although this species was also present in sampling station

4.1

Abundance of Coscinodiscus were high'!r in sampling station . 1 although this species was also present in sampling station

4. 1

Table 2 shows the highest total abundance is. at

sampling station 4 (766 ind/I) and the lowest totai abundance is at sampling station 1 (79 indll). The dominant species of the study was Rhizosolenia,

distributed in sampling station 2,3 and 4. The largest number of RMzosolenia is at sampling station 4 (60 I

indll of 766 indll), . although this species is present in

sampling station 2 and 3. .

700 ;

wo

j

50°1

40Qi

3()oj

ＲＰＰｾ＠

100

j

ｯｬＭＭｾｾＭ｢ｾ］

Ｎ ｾＮ＠ ｾｾＭＭｾｾｾｾＮ＠

Staticn 1 StaV..(12 Station 3 Statloo 4

ＧＩＮｍｮｏｵｴｬｩ･ｲＧ Ｚ ｴＮ｢Ｈ ｟ ｾ＠

Figure 2. Plankton abundance in each sampling station

Then, the second largest number of species i.s

Thalasionema that was founded at sampling station 2,3, and 4. Abundance of ThalasiOliema is higher than the other. Abundance of Chaetoceros were higher in sampling station 2

But, Gunardia are only present in sampling station 4.

!

. I

Table 4. Index of plankton

Species Number

Diversity Index Evenness Index

Dominancy Index

700

Q 600

'gt

500

6 ｾ＠ 400 :::

.g

300 ::: g200

<

100

o

Mean±SD

8±5,35

0,63±0,18

0,44±0,12

0,36±0,18

.... J.t..I.._ .. •.

1 2 3 4

Rtnt.i<>1l

Range

1-14

0,36-0,73

0,25-0,50

0,23-0,63

a

Rhizos

olellia

Figure 3. The most exist species of plankton in each sampling station

j

J j

I

4.

I

on 4 .

1

1

I 1, ｾ＠

,

,

I

I

1

J

ｾ＠

i

I

ｾ＠

I

ｾ＠

1 _;1

Benthos

The four stations provided a total of 24 species. Table 3 ·shows the highest total abundance is at sampling station 1 (1000 ind/m2) and the lowest total abundance is at sampling station 3 (250 ind/m2) which

consist of dominant species, Terebralia palustris. But dominancy index in slmpling station 1, 2, and 4 were low. The highest diversitY index and evenness index were at sampling station 1. Segara Menyan has low diversity, low stable community, medium similarity and high dominance of benthos.

Table 5. The Variation of Benthic Community in Every Station

Station H' E Ci

I 3,41 0,90 0,11

2 2,60 0,82 0,21

3 0,44 0,04 0,83

4 0,39 0,12 0,17

300

200 ··

100

6

o

Station

1

8'"--" -- .." ",-_.c .om

3

stqtion

4

Figure 4. Benthos abundance in each sampling station

300

11

50

ｾｯｯ＠

-=-ｾＵＰ＠ <:

,¥oo

ｾＵＰ＠

o

1

I

IIlllillobdell

1

(/

moorei

i ·

TerebmJia

... _._-"' __ ._ __ . , palllstris

:2 .)

Rtat.ion

4

Figure 5. The most exict species of benthos in each sampling station

Nekton

At Station 1 nekton dominated by milkfish (Chanos Chan os), at Station 2 is dominated by Baelama anchovy (Thryssa baelamaj, at Station 3 is dominated by fish Japanese flathead (Platycephallls Bataviensis)

and at Station 4 was found a few species such as Prickly croaker (Aspericorvina jubata), Belanger's

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indonesian Student Association Scientific Meeting (HISAS) I Vol. XII 8 February 2014 ISSN: 2355-4398

croaker (John ius belangcrii), Scalloped perchlet .

(Ambasis na[ua), and Amoy croaker (Argyrosumus amoyensis).

Tabel 6. Species of Nekton in Sagara Menyan

species

ChaJlos chanos Thryssa baelama Platycephafus balaviensis Johnius befangerii " Aspericorvina jubata Ambasis nalua Argyrosumus amoyensis

Maturity male female stage (ind) . (ind)

2-4 3 4

1-4 4 2 3 2-4 4 2 2 I 7 1

IV. DISCUSSION

total (ind) 7 6 6 1 2 7 2

The . Segara Menyan is a semi-enclosed estua!ine laguon located within the Java Sea. Many fish species utilize estuary lagoon as feeding, nursery, and refuge area. Water temperature at station 1 Segara Menyan ranged 30 to 31°C, while the temperature of the class crustacean zooplarikton organisms are generally still able to survive. Tropics temperatures range is relatively stable than the equator of the polar region because more sunlight.

Segara Menyan waters are in between that range ... The temperature changes afiect of the water suitability . ,., as aquatic organisms habitat, because it's every aquatic organisms have a maximum and minimum range limit (effendi 2003). Temperature directly ｡ｦｦｾ｣ｴｳ＠ the rate of photosynthesis aud the physiology oLanimals (degree$ metabolism and circulation reproduction) which in tum affects the way of eating and growth (Hayes and

Laevastu 1982). I.

Salinity of the sea ranged 34-35 psu (Nontji 1993). Surface water salinity is affected by the balance between · evaporation and precipitation (Meadow and Campbell 1988). Observation and analysis showed tbt chlorophyll-a

m

the Segara Menyan is dependent on . sun rays. If the sun emmited more in specific level, so

the chlorophyll concentration also will increase. It can be proved at Station 1 which has a moderate level of radiation.

Chlorophyll concentration at Stasion I amounted to 0.0085 mg/m3• Station 2 has a low level of radiation, because it is surrounded by mangrove plants. Chlorophyll concentration at Stasion 2 amounted to 0.0032 mg/m3. -Whereas, Station 3 and Station 4 have high levels of radiation because it is nearing the open sea. Chlorophyll concentrations at stations 3 and 4, respectively by 0.0104 mg/m3 and 0.0122 mg/m3•

Based on biota observations in Segara Menyan, plankton abundance was highest at Station I

Coscinodiscus species, whereas at Station 2-4 is

Rhizosolellia. A station 1 is the highest temperature than other. It means that Coscinodisctls species can tolerate high temperature about 34°C. According Nontji

[image:12.610.20.388.33.815.2]

r

169

temperatures. Phytoplankton is the most important primary producer in marine, because phytoplankton can photosynthesize. Distribution and growth of phytoplankton as primary ｰｲｯ､ｵ｣ｾｲｳ＠ in the food ｾｨ｡ｩｮ＠

in the waters influenced by upwellmg that occurs m the waters.

Water depth at Segara Menyan ranged

59-161 cm. The shallow location will be easier to basic mixing happen as the result of the influence of waves, it caused water depths more than 3 m (Andriyono 2010). Plankton abundance was highest at Station 4 which has a depth ranging from 119 to 124 cm. Plankton abundance in the waters affected by the depth and dissolved oxygen. Water surface layer rich. in dissolved oxygen tends decreases with increasing depth Henderson-Sellers and Markland (1987). Station 4 is the coastal area with high DO value (5.3846 mgfl) and high plankton abundance (766 Indlm2). Daily

fluctuations of oxygen can affect other chemical parameters, especially when the absence of oxygen, which can result in changes in the solubility properties of some chemical elements in water (Effendi 2003).

Dissolved oxygen at Station 4 higher when

｣ｯｾｰ｡ｲ･､＠ to Station · I Station 4 is caused due to an open area. This area can get DO source from photosynthetic process and atmospheric diffusion, different with covered area . According Effendi (2003) levels of 0.3-1.0 affects on aquatic organisms, especially fish that can lead to fish kills.

Segura Menyan is waters with moderate to fertility high levels. Station I phosphate levels are very high and the ncxt station phosphate levels arc relativcly moderate. The fertility rate resulted in an abundance of fish, plankton and macrozoobenthos. According_ to Effendi (2003) waters with high fertility has a total phosphate concentration 0.051 to 0: I mg/I. The total phosphate levels describe there are a lot of algae and aquatic plants. According to Davis and Cornwell (1991) iri Effendi (2003) there is a positive correlation between the levels of total phosphate with chlorophyll-a becchlorophyll-ause phosphorus chlorophyll-are essentichlorophyll-al elements. for chlorophyll-aquchlorophyll-atic plants and algae. In addition, the large number of fish and benthic are the result of the total phosphate with

high content. .

The distribution of macrozoobenthos in the waters will overflow if the oxygen contents for the process of respiration is enough. Oxygen is essential for life aquatic macro-and micro-organisms as required for the process of respiration. Daily fluctuations of oxygen can affect other chemical parameters, especially when the absence of oxygen, which can result in changes in the solubility properties of some chemical elements in

water (Effendi 2003).

-Nekton distribution at Station 1, 2, 3, and 4 are dominated by different species of fish. At Station I nekton dominated by milkfish (Chanos Chanos), at Station 2 is dominated by Baelama anchovy (Thryssa baelama), at Station 3 is dominated by fish Japanese flathead (Platycephalus Bataviensis) and at Station 4

Proceedings of The Hokkaido Indonesian Student ASSOCiation Scientific Meeting (H1SAS) I Vol. XI I 8 February 2014 ISSN: 2355-4398

was found a few species such as Prickly croaker

(Aspericorvilla jubafa), Belanger's croaker (JOhllius belangerii), Scalloped perchlet (Ambasis nalua), and Arnoy croaker (Argyrosumlls amoyensis) .. Nekton diversity is high in Segara Menyan. The , depth at Stati?ns 1, ｾ＠ and 4 are ｳｨｾｬｬｯｷ＠ and Station .2 is deep, The mcreasmg depth causmg the level of diversity of organisms is reduced, but the dominance of a few species increased. Baelama anchovy (Thryssa baelama)

is carnivorous, one of them prey on small crustaceans and other macrozooben10s. Macrozoobentos at Station

1 (the river mouth area) has a higher diversity index thah. the other stations, amounting to 3.41 with ｨｩｧｾ＠

evenness index is 0.9. A benthic . habitats is muddy substrate with a low depth for classified into suspended

feeder benthic. .

Segara Menyan was fertility waters with medium polluted in water quality. it has low diversity, low stable , community, medium similarity and high dominance of biota aquatic. Caused by pressure in the fonn of ecological pollutants originating from human activity and the management indiscretion.

V. CONCLUCION

Based on the STORET Method analysis obtained, Segara Menyan was fertility waters with medium polluted in water quality. it has l;)w diversity, low stable ;:;ommunity, medium similarity and high dominance of biota aquatic. Caused by pressure in the fonn of ecological pollutants originating from human activity and the management ｩｮ､ｩｳ｣ｲ･ｴｩｯｮｾ＠

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This study was made possible by family of Aquatic . Resources Management (MSP), Faculty of Fisheries . and Marine (FPIK), Center for Coa'stit! and Mariner Resources Studies of Bogor Agricultural University (PKSPL, IPB), Center for Evironmental Research of Bogor Agricultural University (PPLH-LPPM, IPB).

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by:

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Tokyo

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