Studi Sistem Perencanaan Produksi Hirarkis dalam Penentuan Tingkat Produksi Detail pada Industri Pertanian

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PADW

lNDUSTRl PERTAWIAN

Oleh

ABDUR RAHMAN

F 22. 0067

1 9 9 1

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

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Abdur Rahman. F 2 2 . 0 0 6 7 . S t u d i S i s t e m P e r e n c a n a a n P r o d u k s i H i r a r k l s D a l a m P e n e n t u a n T l n g k a t P r o d u k s l D e t a l l P a d a I n d u s - t r l P e r t a n l a n . D i b a w a h B i m b l n g a n I r a w a d i

RINGKASAN

M a s a l a h p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i m e m e r l u k a n s e d e r e t a n k e -

p u t u s a n m e l a l u i s u a t u p e r i o d e w a k t u y a n g p a n j a n g p a d a b e r - b a g a i t i n g k a t ( l e v e l ) d a l a m p r o s e s p e r e n c a n a a n . U n t u k men- d a p a t k a n k e p u t u s a n y a n g l e b i h o p e r a s i o n a l , m a n a j e r p e r l u

m e n d i s a g r e g a s i k a n h a s i l p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i a g r e g a t k e d a -

l a m j a d w a l i n d u k p r o d u k s i . Henca-na a g r e g a t m e m b e r i k a n p e - t u n j u k k e s e l u r u h a n b a g i j a d w a l i n d u k p r o d u k s i y a n g menen-. t u k a n w a k t u d a n b e s a r p r o d u k s i p r o d u k - p r o d u k i n d i v i d u .

U m -

p a n b a l i k d a r i p e r f o r m a n s i j a d w a l i n d u k a k t u a l a k a n membe-

r i k a n i n f o r m a s i u n t u k p e r e n c a n a a n a g r e g a t p e r i o d e b e r i k u t -

n y a .

S i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i ' i r a r k i s m e r u p a k a n s i s t e m

k e p u t u s a n b e r t i n g k a t ( m u l t i - l e v e l ) y a n g b e r k a i t a n d e n g a n

p e r e n c a n a a n d a n p e n j a d w a l a n p r o d u k s i . D e n g a n b a n t u a n kom-

p u t e r p e r u s a h a a n d a p a t m e n g o r g a n i s a s i k a n k e r a n g k a k e r j a h i - r a r k i s u n t u k m e n g a i t k a n k e p u t u s a n p e r e n c a n a a n a g r e g a t d e -

n g a n k e p u t u s a n p e r e n c a n a a n d e t a i l .

P e n e l i t i a n i n i m e n g g u n a k a n p e n d e k a t a n s i s t e m , b e r t u -

j u a n ( 1 ) M e m p e l a j a r i f a k t o r - f a k t o r y a n g b e r k a i t a n d e n g a n

p e n e r a p a n s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i h i r a r k i s p a d a i n d u s -

t r i p e r t a n i a n , ( 2 ) Menyusun m o d e l s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n p r o -

d u k s i h i r a r k i s s e b a - g a i m o d e l k e p u t u s a n p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i

d a n ( 3 ) Menentuka.n t i n g k a t p r o d u k s i o p t i m a l u n t u k t i p e , f s -

m i l y d a n i t e r n p r o d u k s e s u a i d e n g a n t u j u a n d a r i t i a p t i n g k a . t k e p u t u s 8 . n .

Model HPPLANS a d a l a h m o d e l s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i

h i r a r k i s y a n g d i s u s u n denga-n e m p a t s u b m o d e l , y a i t u p e n e n - t u a n b a t a s p e r s e d i a a n (INVENT), p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i a g r e -

g a t u n t u k t i p e p r o d u k (AGREGAT), d i s a g r e g a s i r e n c a n a a g r e - g a t p a d a t i n g k a t f a m i l p p r o d u k (FAMILY) d a n d i s a g r e g a s i

r e n c a n a p r o d u k s i p a d a t i n g k a t d e t a i l , y a i t u item _{p r o d u k}

( I T E M ) . D i s a m p i n g i t u m o d e l i n i d i l e n g k a p i d e n g a n

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R a n c a n g a n d a n v e r i f i k a s i m o d e l d i l a k u k a n u n t u k s i s t e m

p r o d u k s i PT D j a y a B e v e r a g e s B a t t l i n g Company y a n g m e m i l i k i 1 7 i t e m p r o d u k , der1ga.n d u a t i p e p r o d u k , y a i t u r e g u l a r d a n

l i t e r d s n e m p a t f a m i l y , y a i t u 6 . 5 - 7 o z , 8 o z d a n 1 0 o z ( t i p e 1 ) d a n l i t e r ( t i p e 2 ) . H a s i l r e n c a n a a g r e g a t u n t u k enam p e r i o d e m e n y a t a k a n bahwa p e r m i n t a a n k e d u a t i p e p r o d u k d a p a t d i p e n u h i d e n g a n k a p a s i t a s jam k e r j a maksimum s e m u a

l i n i p r o d u k s i , k e c u a l i p e r i o d e p e r t a m a k a r e n a s e b a g i a n p e r -

m i n t a a n t e l a h d i p e n u h i d a r i p e r s e d i a a n p a d a awal p e r i o d e . D i s a g r e g a s i p a d a t i n g k a t f a m i l y m e n g h a s i l k a n b a h w a t a r g e t

r e n c a n a a g r e g a t p e r i o d e p e r t a m a s e b e s a r 7 4 2 863 u n i t t i p e 1 d a p a t d i c a p a i k a r e n a m a s i h d a l a m b a t a s p r o d u k s i d e n g a n wak-

t u k e h a b i s a n f a i i i i l y s a t u p e r i o d e . D i s a a g r e g a s i u n t u k t i p e

2 d a p a t memenuhi t a r g e t r e n c a n a a g r e g a t s e b e s a r 1 4 5 9 6 5

u n i t d e n g a n w a k t u k e b a b i s a n s a t u p e r i o d e . D i s a g r e g a s i pa.da

t i n g k 8 . t d e t a i l t e 1 a . h s e c a r a k o n s i s t e n m e n c a p a i b e s a r p r o -

d u k s i d a n w a k t u k e h a b i s a n y a n g d i t e n t u k a n p a d a t i n g k a t k e -

p u t u s a n y a n g l e b i h t i n g g i , s e h i n g g a r e n c a n a p e r u b a h a n m e s i n d a p a t d i t e p a t i . H a s i l p e r e n c a n a a n d e t a i l m e m b e r i k a n bim-

b i n g a n b a g i m a n a j e r u n t u k m e l a k u k a n p e r t i m b a n g a n - p e r t i m -

b a n g a n d a l a m p e n j a d w a l a n p r o d u k s i . M o d e l u n t u k h a 1 i n i d a -

p a t p u l a d i s u s u n u n t u k m e n u n j u k k a n t i n g k a t a n h i r a r k i y a n g

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S'YUDI S l s r E n PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI HIRARKIS

DALAH PENENTUAN TINGKAT PRODUKSI DETAIL

PADA INDUSTRI PERTANlAN

O l e h

ABDUH HAHMAN

F ' 22.0067

SKHIPSI

S e b a g a i s a l a 1 1 s a t u syarat u n t u k m e m p e r o l e h gelar

SARJANA TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN,

P a d a J u r u s a n T e k n o l o g i I n d u s t r i P e r t a n i a n ,

F a k u l t a s T e k n o l o g i P e r t a n i a n ,

I n s t i t u t P e r t a n i a n B o g o r

1991

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

INS'PITUT PERTANIAN BOGOH

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INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

STUD1 SISTEM PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI HIRARKIS

DALAM PENENTUAN TINGKAT PRODUKSI DETAIL

PADA INDUSTRI PERTANIAN

SKRIPSI

S e b a g a i s a l a h s a t u s y a r a t u n t u k m e m p e r o l e h g e l a r

S A R J A N A TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

pa.da J u r u s a n T e k n o l o g i I n d u s t r i P e r t a n i a n ,

F a k u l t a s T e k n o l o g i P e r t a n i a n ,

I n s t i t u t P e r t a n i a n B o g o r

O l e h

ABDUR RAHHAN

F 2 2 . 0 0 6 7

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KATA PENGANTAR

P u j i d a n s y u k u r p e n u l i s p a n j a t k a n k e h a d i r a t A l l a h SWT

a t a s s e g a l a r a h m a t d a n k a r u n i a - N y a s e h i n g g a s k r i p s i i n i d a -

p a t d i s e l e s a i k a n .

S k r i p s i i n i a d a l a h l a p o r a n h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n m a s a l a h

k h u s u s y a n g d i l a k u k a n d i PT D j a y a B e v e r a g e s B o t t l i n g Compa-

n y , J a k a r t a .

P a d a k e s e m p a t a n i n i p e n u l i s m e n g h a t u r k a n t e r i m a k a s i h

s e b e s a r - b e s a r n y a k e p a d a :

1. D r . I r . I r a w a d i s e l a k u d o s e n p e m b i m b i n g y a n g b a n y a k mem-

b e r i k a n b i m b i n g a n d a l a m p e n y u s u n a n s k r i p s i i n i ,

2 . I r . A r i e f M u l y a d i , m a n a j e r PAGA ( P e r s o n n e l A d m i n i s t r a -

t i o n a n d G e n e r a l A f f a i r s ) PT D j a y a B e v e r a g e s B o t t l i n g

Company y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n k e s e m p a t a n o b s e r v a s i l a -

p a n g ,

3 . S e g e n a p s t a f d a n k a r y a w a n PT D j a y a B e v e r a g e s B o t t l i n g

Company y a n g t e l a h membantu d e n g a n p e n u h p e r s a h a b a t a n

d a l a m p e n g u m p u l a n d a t a ,

4 . H . A c . _{A n i s d a n} _{Ha. S r i M u g i w a t i A n i s y a n g} _{s e n a n t i a s a} m e m b e r i k a n d u k u n g a n m o r i l d a n d a n a d e m i k e m a j u a n s t u d i ,

M e n y a d a r i b a h w a t i a d a k a r y a y a n g s e m p u r n a , k r i t i k d a n

s a r a n s e n a n t i a s a p e n u l i s h a r a p k a n . A k h i r n y a s e m o g a t u l i s a n

i n i b e r m a n f a a t

.

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DAFTAR I S 1

H a l a m a n

. . .

K A T A P E N G A N T A R i i i

D A F T A R T A B E L

. . .

v i i D A F T A R G A H B A R

. . .

v i i i D A F T A R L A M P I R A N . . . i x

I

.

P E N D A H U L I J A N

. . .

1

A

.

L A T A R B E L A K A N G

. . .

1

B

.

T U J I J A N

. . .

2

C . RUANG L I N G K U P

. . .

3

I1 . T I N J A U A N P U S T A K A

. . .

4

A

.

P E R E N C A N A A N P R O D U K S I

. . .

4

B

.

S I S T E M P E R E N C A N A A N P R O D U K S I H I R A R K I S

. . .

6

C

.

P R A K I R A A N P E R M I N T A A N

. . .

8

111 . L A N D A S A N M A T E M A T I K A

. . .

1 2 A

.

PROGRAM L I N I E R

. . .

1 2 B

.

PEMROGRAMAN K N A P S A C K

. . .

13

C

.

P E R E N C A N A A N A G R E G A T

. . .

14

. . .

D

.

T E K N I K P E R S E D I A A N P E R I O D I K 1 6 I V

.

M E T O D O L O G I P E N E L I T I A N

. . .

1 9 A

.

K E R A N G K A B E R F I K I R

. . .

1 9 B

.

P E N D E K A T A N P E N E L I T I A N

. . .

1 9 1

.

A n a l i s a K e b u t u h a n

. . .

20

. . .

2 . F v r m u l a s i P e r m a s a l a h a n 2 0

3 . I d e n t i f i k a s i S i s t e m

. . .

2 2

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V

.

PEMODELAN S I S T E M

. . .

2 7

A

.

K O N F I G U R A S I MODEL

. . .

2 7

B

.

SUBMODEL I N V E N T

. . .

29

C

.

SUBMODEL AGREGAT

. . .

31 D

.

SUBMODEL F A M I L Y

. . .

35

E

.

SUBMODEL I T E M

. . .

3 7 F

.

SUBMODEL P E N U N J A N G

. . .

4 0 V I

.

H A S I L DAN PEMBAHASAN

. . .

4 3

A . STRIJKTUR PRODUK DAN L I N I P R O D U K S I

. . .

4 3 B

.

. . .

45

C

.

S I S T E M PERENCANAN P R O D U K S I H I R A R K I S

. . .

4 9

1

.

S u b M o d e l I N V E N T

. . .

5 0 2

.

SubModel AGREGAT

. . .

5 2

3

.

S u b M o d e l F A M I L Y

. . .

58 4

.

SubModel I T E M

. . .

6 2 D

.

LAPORAN PERENCANAAN D E T A I L

. . .

6 4

V I I . K E S I M P U L A N DAN SARAN

. . .

67

A

.

K E S I M P U L A N

. . .

6 7

B . SARAN

. . .

69

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' S n I - , A S ' I tJer.mir~t.a.arl e f e l r t i f t i p e p r o d u k s e l a m a

erlaut p e r i o c i e Ice grlepar~ . . . !i 4

b e I ? . _{K e L e r s e c l i a a r r .ianl i i e r j a L i a p p e r i v d e}

s e l a n ~ a tt o r i s v r l p e r e u c a n a a l l . . . !I :r

1 : e l 9 . tla.rsi.1 rjerenr:a.rraan p r o d u i i s j . u n t u k e n a m

. . .

p e r i < . d e ite cleparl !! 'i

' l ' a l ~ e l JIJ I ' e r i g g u r ~ a a i ~ i a m l i e r i a p r u d u k s i t i a p

1 1 . t l . i !:ism) . . . . . . . . 5 ,i

'Tat-!el 12. Walitu I t e h a h i s a r l , s t a t u s , b a t a s b a w a h tlarl

tbaI.il~; a l . 3 ~ p r ~ d ~ l i s i i ' a m i l y . . . 61)

' l ' a b e l 1 3 . _{H a s i l $ l l i s a g r e g a s i u n t u k} _t_{i p e p r o r l u k} ₁_{. . . .} 6 _l

'I'alheJ 1 4 . . ! u n ~ l a h p r i x l u k s i rian jxnl l i e r , j a r l n t u k

. . .

t i a p i r i n 1 i 1 . v prr,diil: p a d a t i a p l i n i 6 2

T a b e l 1 5 . Hencarla. p r o d u k s i d a n w a k t u k e h a h i s a n t i a p

. . .

i t e n 1 p r o d u k 6 4

' I ' a b e l 1 6 . H a s i l r e r i c a n a p r o d u k s i u n t u k t i a p

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[image:10.505.51.456.111.522.2] [image:10.505.49.455.115.518.2]

D A F T A R G A K B A R

Gambar 1. G a m b a r a n umum s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n

h i r s r k i . ( H s x d s n C s n d a s , 1 9 8 4 ) . . . 9

Gambar 2 . P o l a p e r s e d i a a n d i b a w a h k e b i j a k a . n ( S , R )

. . .

( H a x d a n C a n d e a , 1 9 8 4 ) 1 7

Gamba.r 3 . T a h a p a n k e r j a p e n d e k a t a n s i s t e m ( M a - n e t s c h d a n P a r k , 1 9 7 7 ) .

. . .

Gambar 4 . Diagram l i n g k a r s e b a b - a k i b a t d a l a m s i t e m

. . .

p e r e n c a n a a n p r o d u k s i h i r a r k i s 24

Gambar 5 . D i a g r a m i n p u t o u t p u t s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a a n

p r o d u k s i h i r a r k i s

. . .

2 5

Gambar 6 . Diagra.m a . l i r k e r j a p e n e l i t i a n

. . .

2 6

Gambar 7 . D i a g r a m a l i r s i s t e m p e r e n c a n a n p r o d u k s i

h i r a r k i s

. . .

2 8

Gambar 8 . K o n f i g u r a - s i p a k e t m o d e l s i s t e m

p e r e n c a n a - a n p r o d u k s i h i r a r k i s HPPLANS

. . .

29 Gambar 9 . D i a g r a m a l i r d e s k r i p t i f s u b m o d e l

INVENT

. . .

3 2

Gambar 1 0 . Diagram a l i r d e s k r i p t i f s u b m o d e l

AGREGAT

. . .

3 6

Gambar 11. Diagram a . l i r d e s k r i p t i f s u b m o d e l

FAMILY

. . .

3 8

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PADW

lNDUSTRl PERTAWIAN

Oleh

ABDUR RAHMAN

F 22. 0067

1 9 9 1

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

(167)