44
American Heart Association, 2014. Atherosclerosis and Stroke. http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/LifeAfterStroke/HealthyLi ving AfterStroke/UnderstandingRisky Conditions/Atherosclerosis-and-Stroke_UCM_310426_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014).
American Heart Association, 2014. Atherosclerosis. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/WhyCholesterol Matters/Atherosclerosis_UCM_305564_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014) American Heart Association, 2015. Heavy Drinking in Middle-Age May Increase
Stroke Risk More Than Traditional Factors.
http://newsroom.heart.org/news/heavy-drinking-in-middle-age-may-increase-stroke-risk-more-than-traditional-factors (13 Maret 2015)
Arntz R., Jacobs L.R., Maaijwee N., Schoonderwaldt N., Dorresteijn L., van;Dijk E., 2013. Post-Stroke Epilepsy in Young Adults.Plos ONE. 8(2):1-8
Abdul-Rahim A.H., Perez A.C., Fulton R.L., Jhund P.S., Latini R., Tognoni G., Wikstrand J., 2015. Risk of Stroke in Chronic Heart Failure Patients withoutn Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the CORONA and GISSI-HF Trials.AHA.11:1-9
Aguilar M.I., Brott T.G., 2011. Update in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Sage. 1(3): 148-59
Appelors P., Stegmayr P., Terent A. 2009. Sex Differences in Stroke Epidemiology. AHA. 40:1082-90
Balitbang Kemenkes RI. 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS. Jakarta: Balitbang Kemenkes RI
Baluch U.T., Kiani I., Nisa Z.U., Badshah M., 2008. Association of Dyslipidemia and Ischemic Stroke.Ann Pak Inst Med Sci. 4(3):165-7
Bartoli F., Lillia N., Lax A., Crocamo C., Mantero V., Carra G., Agostoni E., Clerici M., 2013. Depression after Stroke and Risk of Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2013:1-11]
Bhatti A.B., Ali F., Satti S.A. 2013. Association of Obesity with Stroke. IJBR.4(8): 421-6
Biffi A., Greenberg S.M. 2011. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Systematic Review. J Clin Neurol. 7: 1-9
Bruhin M.K., Kolonko B., Ayse, Annoni J.M., Hunziker E. 2013. Aphasia Following a Stroke: Recovery and Recommendations for Rehabilitation. Sanp.ch. 164(8):292-8
Caceres J.A., Goldstein J.N., 2012. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 30(3): 771–94
Chaudhury S.R., Ghosh S., Kar D., 2014. Comparative Lipid Profile Study Between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 6(11): 20-7
Chen L.F., Chang C.Y., Hsu L.C., Tsai P.H., Chang S.J., Chang S.C., Yuan M.K., lai Y.C., Liu Y.C., Wang W.S., 2013. Bacterial Pneumonia Following Acute Ischemic Stroke.JCMA. 76:78-2
Christanto R., Mahama C.N., Tumboimbela M. 2012. Profil Faktor-faktor Risiko Pada Pasien Stroke Yang Dirawat Inap di Irina F Neurologi RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D. Kandou Manado. eCl. 2(3): 1-4
Chrostek L., Supronowicz L., Panasiuk A., Cylwik B., Gruszewska E., Flisiak R. 2014. The Effect of the Severity of Liver Cirrhosis on the Level of Lipids and Lipoprotein.Clin Exp Med. 14: 417-21
Cynthia A., Yogeesha K.S., Arunachalam R., 2014. Dyslipidemia in Stroke. IOSR-JDMS.13(6):45-9
Dahlan S. 2011. Statistik Untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika
Davis S.M., Donnan G.A., 2012. Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke. N.Engl.J.Med. 366:1914-22.
di’Legge S., Koch G., Diomedi M., Stanzione P., Sallustio F., 2012. Stroke Prevention:ManagingModifiable Risk Factors. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2012:1-1
Dey S.K., Ahmed S., Rahman K.M., Uddin M.J., Alam M.R., Bhattacharjee M., Mondal G., Israil.2010. Lipid Profile among Ischemic and Haemorrhagic Stroke Patients.Mymensingh Med J. 19(2):176-80
Attack: Observations from the TEMPiS Trial.Eurheartj. 340:1-10
Fan A.Z., ham S.A., Muppidi S.R., Mokdad A.H. 2009. Validation of Reported Physical Activity for Cholesterol Control Using Two Different Physical Activity Instruments.Dovepress. 5:649-61
Faraji F., Ghasami K., Talaie-zanjani A., Mohammadbeigi A. 2013. Prognostic Factors in Acute Stroke, Regarding to Stroke Severity. Asian J Neurosurg. 8(2): 78-82
Feigin V.L., Krishnamurthi R., 2011. Stroke Prevention in the Developing World. AHA. 42:3655-58
Felix-Redondo F.J., Grau M., Fernandez-Berges D. 2013. Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly.Aging Dis. 4(3):154-69
Gezmu T., Schneider D., Demissie K., Lin Y., Gizzi M.S. 2014. Risk factors for Acute Stroke Among South Asians Compared to Other Racial/Ethhnic Groups. PLoS ONE.9(9): 1-8
Goldszmidt A.J., Caplan L.R., 2013. Stroke Esensial. Jakarta: Indeks
Gofir A., 2009. Manajemen Stroke. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Cendekia Press
Graham N.S.N., Crichton S., Koutroumanidis M., Wolfe C.D.A., Rudd A.G., 2013. Incidence and Associations of Poststroke Epilepsy.AHA. 44:605-11 Grube M.M., Koennecke H.C., Walter G., Meisel A., Sobesky J., 2013 Influence
of Acute Complications on Outcome 3 Months after Ischemic Stroke.PLoS ONE. 8(9): 1-8
Gunnal S.A., Farooqui m.S., Wabale R.N., 2013. Anatomical Variations of the Circulus Arteriosus in Cadaveric Human Brains. Neurology Research International.2014:1-16
Guo Y., Li P., Guo Q., Shang K., Yan D., Du S., Lu Y., 2013. Pathophysiology and Biomarkers in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Trop J Pharm Res. 12(6):1097-105
Haiping Z., Zhiping H., Wei L., 2014.Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Chin Med J. 127 (13):2531-6
Harsono. 2009. Kapita Selekta Neurologi, Edisi Kedua. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, pp.81-102
Iqbal M., Frida M., Yaswir., 2014. Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Gula Darah pada Luaran Stroke Iskemik Berdasarkan Indeks Barthel. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas.3(3):437-41
Jaffer A.M., Sultan K.M., Al-Mahdawi A., 2012. Stroke Related Pneumonia Incidence and Possible Risk Factor.IPMJ. 11(3):376-81
Jiang B., Fang X.H., Liu Y.H., Dai X.Y., Lin Z.G., Su F.Z., Yang Q.D., Wang W.Z., Wu S.P., Li S.C. 2010. Prospective Study on Associations between Levels of Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride and Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes.Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi.38(3):268-71. Khairunnisa N., Fitriyani., 2014. Hemiparese Sinistra, Parese Nervus VII, IX, X,
XII e.c Stroke Non-Hemorrhagic.Medula Unila. 2(3):52-9
Khan M.N., Khan H.D., Ahmad M., Umar M., 2014. Serum Total and HDL-Cholesterol in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Ann.Pak.Inst.Med. Sci.10(1): 22-6
Khon J.C., Lampi M.C., Reinhart-King C.A. 2015. Age-Related Vascular Stiffening : Causes and Consequences.Front Genet. 6(12): 1-17
Kinlay S., 2011. Changes in Stroke Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment. Circulation.124: 494-6
Koelhoffer E.C., McCullough L.D. 2013. The Effect of Estrogen in Ischemic Stroke.Transl Stroke Res. 4(4): 390-401
Kumar S., Selim M.H., Caplan L.R., 2010. Medical Complication after Stroke. http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS14744422%2809%2970 266-2.pdf
Kumar V., Cotran R., Robbins S. 2007. Buku Ajar Patologi. Jakarta: EGC
Kirtania K., Sultana A., Hossain M.Z., Ahmed S., Khatun A., 2011. Assoxiation of Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking With Ischaemic Stroke. J Dhaka Med Coll.20(1) : 12-14.
Kristiyawati S.P., Irawaty D., Hariyaty R.T.S. 2009. Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stroke di RS Panti Wilasa Citarum Semarang. JIKK. 1(1):1-7
Lee J.G., Koh S.J., Yoo S.Y., Yu J.R., Lee S.A., Koh G., Lee D., 2012. Characteristics of Subjects with Very Low Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and the Risk for Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Korean.J.Intern.Med. 27:317-26
7(2):62-73
Lisabeth L., Bushnell C.B. 2013. Menopause and Stroke: An Epidemiologic Review.Lancet Neurol.11(1): 82-91
Listiyana A.D., Mardiana., prameswari G.N. 2013. Obesitas Sentral dan Kadar Kolesterol Darah Total.Kemas. 9(1): 37-43
Llorca G.E., Guerra L.C., Moreno M.C.F., Doblado S.R., Hernandez M.D.J. 2015. Post-Stroke Depression: an update.Neurologia. 30(1):23-1
Loubinoux I., Kronenberg G., Endres M., Bard P.S., Freret T., Filipkowski R.K., Kaczmarek L., Wagner A.P.2012 Post-Stroke Depression: Mechanism, Translation and Therapy. J.Cell.Mol.Med. 16(9):1961-9
Macdonald R.L. 2014. Delayed Neurological Deterioration after Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.Nature Reviews Neurology. 10: 44-58
Machfoed M.H., Hamdan M., Machin A., Wardah R.I., 2011. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Saraf. Surabaya: Pusat Penerbitan dan Percetakan UNAIR. pp.91-108
Magistris F., Bazak S., Martin J., 2013. Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management.MUMJ. 10(1):15-22
Mahmood A., Sharif M.A., Khan M.N., Ali U.Z., 2010. Comparison of Serum Lipid Profile in Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic Stroke.JCPSP. 20(5):317-20. Malik M.A., Mewo Y.M., Kaligis S.H.M. 2013. Gambaran Kadar Kolesterol
Total Darah Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2011 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh 18,55-22,9 kg/m2.
eBM. 1(2): 1008-13
Markam S. 2009. Penuntun Neurologi. Tangerang: Binarupa Aksara. Pp: 140-145 Marwat M.A., Usman M., Hussain M. 2009. Stroke and Its Relationship to Risk
Factors.GCMS. 7(1): 17-21
Masterjohn C. 2009. Cholesterol and Stroke. http://www.westonaprice.org/health-topics/cholesterol-and-stroke/ (14 Desember 2015)
Mintalangi M.E. 2013. Perbandingan Kadar Kolesterol Total Pada Masyarakat Semi Kota dan Desa di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi. PhD Thesis
Mousawi Z.N., Al-Tameemi K.M., Haji G.F. 2012. Predictors of Outcome for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Iraqi Stroke Patients. IPMJ. 11(4): 503-9
Murray R.K., Granner D.K., Rodwell V.W., 2009. Biokimia Harper. Jakarta:EGC pp.225-39
Musser B., Wilkinson J., Gilbert T., Bokhour B.G., 2015. Changes in Identity after Aphasic Stroke: Implications for Primary Care. Int J Family Med. 2015:1-8
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2012. What is Cholesterol?. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc (18 Maret 2015) National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. 2013. Cerebral
AneurysmFactSheet.http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disoders/cerebral_aneurysm/ detail_cerebral aneurysms/htm (20 Oktober 2015)
National Stroke Association. 2009. Cholesterol and Stroke. http://www.stroke.org/sites/default/files/resources/NSA_FactSheet_Cholest erol_2014.pdf (18 Maret 2015)
Nechikkat S., Chandni R., Sasidharan P.K. 2014. Hypertension as a Risk Factor fo haemorrhagic Stroke in Female.JAPI. 62:24-8
Ngili Y.2010. Biokimia Dasar. Bandung: Rekayasa Sains. pp.333
Noorkhairina S., Sakinah H., Ma C.H., 2013. Secondary Stroke Prevention through Patient Education Intervention on Lifestyle Risk Factors. Health and the Environment Journal. 4(2):127-51
Notoadmodjo, Soekidjo. 2012. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta:Rineka Cipta
Okthavia S.W., 2014. Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Keluarga Terhadap TingkatSelf EsteemPada Penderita Pasca Stroke.JPPP. 3(2):110-8
Pandian J.D., Kaur A., Jyotsna R., Sylaja P.D., Vijaya P., Padma M.V., Venkateswaralu K., Sukumaran S., Mathew R., Kaur P., Singh Y.P., Radhakrishnan K., 2012.Complications in Acute Stroke in India (CAST-I). JoS. 21:695-703
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/stroke-classification-and-diagnosis/11080450.article (18 Maret 2015)
Pluta R.M., Lynm C., Golub R.M., 2011. Stroke Imaging.JAMA. 306(11)
Poedjiadi A., Supriyanti T. 2009. Dasar-Dasar Biokimia. Jakarta: UI-Press. pp.296
Rasyid A., Soertidewi L., 2007. Unit Stroke:Manajemen Stroke Secara Komprehensif. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI
Ritzel R.M., Capozzi L.A., McCullough L.D. 2013. Sex, Stroke, and Inflammation: The potential for Estrogen-mediated Immunoprotection in Stroke.Horm Behay.63(2):238-53
Robert A.A., Zamzam M.M., 2014. Stroke in Saudi Arabia: a review of the recent literature.Pamj. 17:1-5
Rocca W.A., Shuster L.A., Brown R.D. 2012. Could Estrogen Protect Younger Menopausal Women From Stroke?.Expert Rev.Neurother.12(4): 363-5 Sabri M., Lass E., Macdonald R.L. 2013. Early Brain Injury: A Common
Mechanism in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Global Cerebral Ischemia. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2013:1-9
Saeed E., Ali R., Jalaluddin M., Jadoon R.J., Moiz M. 2015. Hypercholesterolemia In Patients of Ischemic Stroke.JAMC.27(3): 637-9 Shafe A.C.E., Lee S., Cowie M.R., 2011. UK Stroke Incidence, Mortality and
Cardiovascular Risk Management 1999-2008.BMJ Open.1:1-9
Shah R.S., Cole J.W. 2010. Smoking and Stroke: The More You Smoke The More You Stroke.Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 8(7):917-32
Siritho S., Thrift A.G., McNeil J.J., You R.X., Stephen M.D., Donnan G.A., 2003. Risk of Ischemic Stroke Among Users of the Oral Contraceptive Pill: The Melbourne Risk Factor Study (MERFS) Group.Stroke. 34:1575-1580. Sitia S., Tomasoni L., Atzeni F., Ambrosio G., Cordiano C., Catapano A.,
Tramontana S., Naccarato P., Camici P., Picano E., Cortigiani L., Bevilacqua M., Milazzo L., Barlassina C., Sarzi-Puttini P., Turiel M. 2010. From Endothelial Dysfunction to Atherosclerosis.Elsevier. 9(12): 830-4 Sorganvi V., Kulkami M.S., Kadelis D., Atharga S. 2014. Risk Factor for Stroke:
A Case Control Study.Int J Cur Res Rev. 06(03): 46-52
Stein D.C., Kaufmann B.A. 2015. Ultrasound Imaging for Risk Assessment in Atherosclerosis.Int J Mol Sci. 16(5): 9749-69
Sulistyani D.O., Purhadi, 2013. Analisis Terhadap Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Laju Perbaikan Kondisi Klinis Pasien Penderita Stroke dengan RegresiCoxWeibull.JSSP. 2(1):72-77
Sudoyo A. W., Setiyohadi B., Alwi I., Simadibrata M., Setiati S., 2007. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FKUI pp.1926-33
Suwanwela N.C., Stroke Epidemiology in Thailand.JoS. 16(1):1-7
Tabuchi S. 2015. Relationship Between Postmenopausal Estrogen Deficiency and Aneurysmal Subrachnoid Hemorrhage. Hindawi. 2015(2015):1-6
Tada Y., Wada K., Shimada K., Makino H., Liang E.I., Murakami S., Kudo M., Shikata F., Silva R.A., Kitazato K.T., Hasan D.M., Kanematsu Y., Nagahiro S., Hashimoto T. 2014. Estrogen Protects Against Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture In Ovariectomized Mice.PMC. 1339-44
Togha M., Gheini M.R., Ahmadi B., Khashaiar P., Razeghi S. 2011. Lipid Profile in Cerebrovascular Accidents.Iran J Neurol. 10(1-2):1-4
Valappil A.V., Chaudhary N.V., Praveenkumar R., Gopalakrishnan B., Girija A.S., 2012. Low cholesterol as a risk factor for primary intracerebral hemorrhage: A case–control study.Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 15(1): 19–22 van’Tuijl J.H., van’Raak E.P.M., de’Krom M.C.T.F.M., Lodder C., Aldenkamp
A.P., 2010.Early treatment after stroke for the prevention of late epileptic seizures.Seizure. 20:285-91
Vemmos K., Ntaios G., Spengos K., Savvari P., Vemmou A., Pappa T., Manios E. 2010. Association between Obesity and Mortality After Acute First-Ever Stroke.StrokeAHA.10:30-6
Wang X., Dong Y., Qi X., Huang C., Hou L., 2013. Cholesterol Levels and Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke.Stroke. 10:1833-9
Wieberdink R.G., Poels M.M.F., Vernooij M.W., Koudstaal P.J., Hofman A., der’Lugt A.V., Breteler M.M.B., Ikram M.A., 2011. Serum Lipid Levels and the Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.31:2982-89
Wilson M.E. 2013. Stroke: Understanding The Differences Between Males and Females. Pflugers Arch. 465(5): 595-600
Xu Q., Li Y.S. 2012. Age and Gender Specific Prevalence of Risk Factors in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke In China.Hindawi. 2012:1-7 Yayasan Stroke Indonesia. Tahun 2020 Penderita Stroke Meningkat 2 kali.
http://www.yastroki.or.id/read.php?id=319 (18 Maret 2015)
Yuniadi Y. 2010. Intervensi Pada Stoke Non-Hemoragik. J Kardiol Indones. 31:153-5
Zhang J., Wang Y., Wang G., Sun H., Sun T., Shi J., Xiao H., Zhan J. 2011. Clinical Factors in Patients With Ischemic Versus Hemorrhagic Stroke in East China.World J Emerg Med. 2(1): 18-23
