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TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING THESIS ABSTRACTS OF

ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT STUDENTS IN MEDAN

STATE UNIVERSITY

A THESIS

Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Sarjana Sastra

By:

SOFYAN FERNANDES HUTAURUK

Registration Number 2113220038

ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTEMENT

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The greatest gratitude is expressed to God, the Almighty and Most Beneficial for His

Grace, Guidance, Praise, Honor, and Mercy that has been given to the writer so that he

finally accomplishes his thesis entitled: “Techniques of Translating Thesis Abstracts of

Economics Department Students in Medan State University”.

In completing this thesis, the writer realized that he faced some problems and he had

received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got a lot of assistance and

moral support from many people. Therefore, the writer would like to express his gratitude

and special thanks to:

Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of Medan.

Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.

Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature Department. Dra. Meisuri, M.A. the Secretary of English and Literature Department.

Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English Education Program. Syamsul Bahri, S.S., M.Hum. the Head of English Literature Program and also his

Thesis Examiner.

Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., his Thesis Consultant who has given her precious

time, guidance, suggestions, and comments to finish this thesis.

Mahmud Layan Hutasuhut,S.Pd.,M.hum., his Academic Adviser. Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., his Thesis Examiner.

Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M.Pd., his Thesis Examiner.

All lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and advised him

throughout the academic years.

Mam Euis, Mam Enda and Mr.Pantes, the Administration Staff of English

Department, for their attention, assistance, and information.

• His special sincere gratitude goes to his beloved parents, all his families and the Sunday School Teachers for their endless love, prayer, inspiration, motivation that makes the

writer so blessed to know each and everyone of them.

• His beloved friends, ELIT-A for their endless support, attention, prayer and love which

they have been giving to the writer not only during the term of the writers’ study, but

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The writer realizes that this thesis still has the paucity; he conveniently welcomes any

suggestions, comments, and advices that will improve the quality of this thesis. He hopes that

this thesis would be useful for those who read and are interested in the field of this study.

Medan, September 2015

The writer,

Sofyan Fernandes H Reg.No. 2113220038

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ABSTRACT

Fernandes, Sofyan. 2113220038. Techniques of Translating Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan State University. A Thesis. English Literature Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan. 2015

The study deals with the techniques of translation on thesis abstracts in Economic Department. The objectives of the study were to identify the types of translation techniques, to find out the most dominant type of the translation techniques used, and to find out the reasons of the translation techniques used in translating thesis abstract. The study used descriptive qualitative design. Descriptive qualitative is a method of research that makes the description of the situation or events or occurrences clearer. It is understood that descriptive qualitative method is a method of research which provides the description of situation or events or occurrences, so this method is an intention to accumulate the basic data. Qualitative research involves analysis of data such as words and phrases in abstracts. The data were taken from twenty translated thesis abstracts of Economic Department. The findings show that there were eight techniques of eighteen techniques used in thesis abstracts. The most dominant type was established equivalent due to the translator intention to avoid misunderstanding by using dictionaries. It’s recommended that in doing any translation, the most essential thing is to keep the meaning or the message of the source language remains the same when it’s being translated into the target language.

.

Keywords: Translation, Translation Tehniques, Thesis Abstracts.

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LIST OF TABLES

Pages

Table 2.1: The Diagram of Translation Process by Bell (1991:21) ... 12

Table 4.1: Data Collection of the Abtracts of Economic Department.. ... 31

Table 4.2: Data identification of the Abtracts of Economic Department ... 35

Table 4.3: Adaptation ... 39

Table 4.4: Amplification ... 40

Table 4.5: Compensation ... 41

Table 4.6: Discursive Creation ... 42

Table 4.7: Established Equivalent ... 43

Table 4.8: Literal Translation ... 44

Table 4.9: Modulation ... 46

Table 4.10: Particularization ... 46

Table 4.11: Reduction ... 47

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v   

LIST OF TABLES

Pages

Table 2.1: The Diagram of Translation Process by Bell (1991:21) ... 12

Table 4.1: Data Collection of the Abtracts of Economic Department.. ... 31

Table 4.2: Data identification of the Abtracts of Economic Department ... 35

Table 4.3: Adaptation ... 39

Table 4.4: Amplification ... 40

Table 4.5: Compensation ... 41

Table 4.6: Discursive Creation ... 42

Table 4.7: Established Equivalent ... 43

Table 4.8: Literal Translation ... 44

Table 4.9: Modulation ... 46

Table 4.10: Particularization ... 46

Table 4.11: Reduction ... 47

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LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX A The Data Identification of Translation Techniques

in Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department

Students in Medan State University

APPENDIX B The Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department

Students in Medan State University

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  1  

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.The Background of The Study

Language is essential, not only for linguists, students, and lecturers or in

education, but also for politician, and other subjects that need language as a

medium to communicate. In another word, language actively manages the life of

people to get on with. Kramsch (in Rahyono 2011:21) states that language is the

principal means whereby we conduct our social lives. When it is used in contexts

of communication, it is bound up with culture in multiple and complex ways. As

an example of the application of Kramsch’s definition about language; for

instance, some international events are put on air on the television, the Internet or

the newspaper require language as the medium to communicate the message or

information as well as possible. Therefore, we couldn’t deny the existence of the

language which occurs in our social lives.

Unfortunately, we are not living in the world which unites humanity in one

language. Stephen Juan, Ph.D., an anthropologist of University of Sydney, states

(via theregister.co.uk) that more than 6,800 living languages spoken in the world.

With that huge number of languages, humanity needs a solution to prevent the

misunderstood meaning while communicating; therefore, translation is the only

way to solve the language problem.

The beneficial effect of translation could be seen many ways; for

instances, in various written text, such as books, magazines, newspaper, poem,

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2   

beginning, we did not know at all because of the language problem, and then we

knew everything because the text was translated or transferred into our native

tongue.

Let’s see some examples of translation techniques that are taken from thesis

abstracts Medan State University:

No Source Text Target Text Kind of Translation Technique

1 Volume Volume Borrowing

Borrowing is one of the techniques of translation, which takes a word or

expression straight from another language. Borrowing basically consists of two

types, first pure borrowing, which means the translation is transferred without

changing the writing system and the pronunciation in SL form, and second,

naturalized which means the translation is adapted with the TL translation or

made as natural as possible to TL. This type changes as close as possible to the

TL writing system and pronunciation.

Volume is purely borrowed from the terminology of SL ‘volume’ without

changing the writing system and the pronunciation after rendered in TL form.

No Source Text Target Text

Kind of Translation Technique

3 Pemberitahuan Notification Established Equivalent

Established Equivalent is one of technique translation, which its term

expression is recognized (by dictionaries or language in use) as an equivalent in

the TL.

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3   

source language (SL) andEnglishas target language (TL) was able to indicatea

form of translation and demonstrates the use of technique of translation within

technical terminology.

Related to analysis, the technical terminology became main object of this

analysis, because it showed changes that occur when a term in Indonesian

translated into English. Some changes were indicated by a change in the structure

and form ofthe word; some words were translated longer than SL, and some word

were shortened after translated, some word also showed meaning shift;

nevertheless, the changes that occured still referred to the technique of translation

which applied by the translator.

Furthermore, this study would open the reader's mind about how important

the translation from SL to TL in giving comprehension and understanding about

the shifting proccess in Thesis’ Abstract.

B. The Problems of the Study

There were three problems to be analyzed as follows:

1) What techniques were applied in the translation of Thesis Abstracts of

Economics Department Students in Medan State University?

2) What was the most dominant technique of translation in Thesis Abstracts

of Economics Department Students in Medan State University?

3) Why that dominant technique was used in Thesis Abstracts of Economics

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4   

C. The Objectives of the Study

There were three objectives of the study in this analysis as the answers to

the problems which had been mentioned before, they are:

1) to find out the techniques applied in translation of Thesis Abstracts of

Economics Department Students in Medan State University into English.

2) to find out the most dominant technique which the translator used in

translation of Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan

State Universityinto English.

3) to explain why that most dominant technique was used in the translation of

Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan State

University.

D.The Scope of the Study

The scope of the analysis was only focused on the translation of technical

terminology and techniques of translation Words and Phrases in 20 thesis

abstracts of economics department students in Medan State University from

Indonesian Into English based on Molina and Albirtheory(2002:509-511).

E.The Significances of Study

The Significances of the study were as follows.

1) As the reference and the guidance for students and the teachers of

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5   

comprehension about the translation, especially about the technique of

translation and to do other related researches about translation.

2) As a reference and the guidance for students and the teachers of translation

in general; and the translator in particular, especially about the

implementation of technique of translation applied in technical

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A.Conclusions

Having collected and analyzing the data, some conclusions were given

below:

1. The study revealed that there were three dominant techniques used in

translating abstracts, they were established equivalent,

particularization, and adaptation since the translator tried to render the

meaning by domesticating the words and phrase to be relevant to the

target language. The translator believed that the product of the

translation should become a part of the society and represent the

existence of the target language.

2. The result showed that the most dominant type of translation was 42

(fourty two) Established Equivalent (40, 38 %).

3. The reason of implementing and using established equivalent

technique was the intention of the translators to avoid

misunderstanding in target language by using dictionaries or particular

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52  

B.Suggestions

The writer would like to recommend that in doing any translation, the

most essential thing is to keep the meaning or the message of the source language

remains the same when it is being translated into the target language.

Specifically, the research can be suggested as follows:

1. All information in the text is very essential; since it’s informative text and

contains technical terminology which is only a few people comprehend the

real meaning within. It is suggested that the translator should be careful in

choosing suitable word to the Target Language before implementing the

translation process, because it needs full of awareness to establish the right

meaning, so the result can prevent the misunderstanding.

2. It is suggested that the translator look for relevant technical terminology

dictionary to find the equivalence of foreign term.

3. It is suggested that the researcher can analyze about either its translation

methods, translation approaches, or the ideology of its translation with the

various scope of research, such as sentence, phrase, language style, etc.

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REFERENCES

Baker, M. 1992. In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. London: Sage Publication.

Bell, Roger T. 1991. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. New York: Longman.

Beekman, J.and Callow, John. 1974.“Translating the Word of God,” in Terjemahan Teks Medis Dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Medan: Bartong Jaya.

Catford, J.C. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Britain: Oxford University.

Gerloff, P. 1986. “Second Language Learner’s reports on The Interpretive Process: Talk aloud Protocols of Translation,” in R. Silalahi. 2012. Terjemahan Teks Medis Dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Medan: Bartong Jaya.

Larsson, Mildred L. 1984. Meaning-Based Translation: A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence. New York: Univ.Press.

Muchtar, M .2013.Translation: Theory, Practice and Study. Medan: Bartong Jaya.

Molina, L and A.H. Albir. 2002. “Translation Tecnique Revisited: A Dynamic AndFuncionalist Approach,” in Meta, Vol XLVII, No. 4, p 499-512.

Nababan, M. R. 1999. “Teori Menerjemah Bahasa Inggris,” in M. Muchtar. 2013. Translation: Theory, Practice and Study. Medan: Bartong Jaya.

Newmark, P. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. Britain: Prentice Hall.

Nord, C. 1994. “Translation as a Process of Linguistic and Cultural Adaptation,” in R. Silalahi.2012.Terjemahan Teks Medis Dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Medan: Bartong Jaya.

Rahyono,F.X. 2011.”The Concept of Fairness As Expressed in Javanese Propositions: A Study of Cultural Wisdom” in Makara, SosialHumaniora, Vol. 15 No. 1 Page 21-28.

Reiss. K. 1971. “Type, Kind and Individuality of Text, Decision Making in Translation,” translated by S. Kitron. In L. Venutti. (ed). 2000. Translation Studies Reader. London: Rouledge.

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