TECHNIQUES OF TRANSLATING THESIS ABSTRACTS OF
ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT STUDENTS IN MEDAN
STATE UNIVERSITY
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
SOFYAN FERNANDES HUTAURUK
Registration Number 2113220038
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The greatest gratitude is expressed to God, the Almighty and Most Beneficial for His
Grace, Guidance, Praise, Honor, and Mercy that has been given to the writer so that he
finally accomplishes his thesis entitled: “Techniques of Translating Thesis Abstracts of
Economics Department Students in Medan State University”.
In completing this thesis, the writer realized that he faced some problems and he had
received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got a lot of assistance and
moral support from many people. Therefore, the writer would like to express his gratitude
and special thanks to:
• Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of Medan.
• Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
• Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature Department. • Dra. Meisuri, M.A. the Secretary of English and Literature Department.
• Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English Education Program. • Syamsul Bahri, S.S., M.Hum. the Head of English Literature Program and also his
Thesis Examiner.
• Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., his Thesis Consultant who has given her precious
time, guidance, suggestions, and comments to finish this thesis.
• Mahmud Layan Hutasuhut,S.Pd.,M.hum., his Academic Adviser. • Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., his Thesis Examiner.
• Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M.Pd., his Thesis Examiner.
• All lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and advised him
throughout the academic years.
• Mam Euis, Mam Enda and Mr.Pantes, the Administration Staff of English
Department, for their attention, assistance, and information.
• His special sincere gratitude goes to his beloved parents, all his families and the Sunday School Teachers for their endless love, prayer, inspiration, motivation that makes the
writer so blessed to know each and everyone of them.
• His beloved friends, ELIT-A for their endless support, attention, prayer and love which
they have been giving to the writer not only during the term of the writers’ study, but
The writer realizes that this thesis still has the paucity; he conveniently welcomes any
suggestions, comments, and advices that will improve the quality of this thesis. He hopes that
this thesis would be useful for those who read and are interested in the field of this study.
Medan, September 2015
The writer,
Sofyan Fernandes H Reg.No. 2113220038
ABSTRACT
Fernandes, Sofyan. 2113220038. Techniques of Translating Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan State University. A Thesis. English Literature Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan. 2015
The study deals with the techniques of translation on thesis abstracts in Economic Department. The objectives of the study were to identify the types of translation techniques, to find out the most dominant type of the translation techniques used, and to find out the reasons of the translation techniques used in translating thesis abstract. The study used descriptive qualitative design. Descriptive qualitative is a method of research that makes the description of the situation or events or occurrences clearer. It is understood that descriptive qualitative method is a method of research which provides the description of situation or events or occurrences, so this method is an intention to accumulate the basic data. Qualitative research involves analysis of data such as words and phrases in abstracts. The data were taken from twenty translated thesis abstracts of Economic Department. The findings show that there were eight techniques of eighteen techniques used in thesis abstracts. The most dominant type was established equivalent due to the translator intention to avoid misunderstanding by using dictionaries. It’s recommended that in doing any translation, the most essential thing is to keep the meaning or the message of the source language remains the same when it’s being translated into the target language.
.
Keywords: Translation, Translation Tehniques, Thesis Abstracts.
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 2.1: The Diagram of Translation Process by Bell (1991:21) ... 12
Table 4.1: Data Collection of the Abtracts of Economic Department.. ... 31
Table 4.2: Data identification of the Abtracts of Economic Department ... 35
Table 4.3: Adaptation ... 39
Table 4.4: Amplification ... 40
Table 4.5: Compensation ... 41
Table 4.6: Discursive Creation ... 42
Table 4.7: Established Equivalent ... 43
Table 4.8: Literal Translation ... 44
Table 4.9: Modulation ... 46
Table 4.10: Particularization ... 46
Table 4.11: Reduction ... 47
v
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 2.1: The Diagram of Translation Process by Bell (1991:21) ... 12
Table 4.1: Data Collection of the Abtracts of Economic Department.. ... 31
Table 4.2: Data identification of the Abtracts of Economic Department ... 35
Table 4.3: Adaptation ... 39
Table 4.4: Amplification ... 40
Table 4.5: Compensation ... 41
Table 4.6: Discursive Creation ... 42
Table 4.7: Established Equivalent ... 43
Table 4.8: Literal Translation ... 44
Table 4.9: Modulation ... 46
Table 4.10: Particularization ... 46
Table 4.11: Reduction ... 47
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A The Data Identification of Translation Techniques
in Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department
Students in Medan State University
APPENDIX B The Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department
Students in Medan State University
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.The Background of The Study
Language is essential, not only for linguists, students, and lecturers or in
education, but also for politician, and other subjects that need language as a
medium to communicate. In another word, language actively manages the life of
people to get on with. Kramsch (in Rahyono 2011:21) states that language is the
principal means whereby we conduct our social lives. When it is used in contexts
of communication, it is bound up with culture in multiple and complex ways. As
an example of the application of Kramsch’s definition about language; for
instance, some international events are put on air on the television, the Internet or
the newspaper require language as the medium to communicate the message or
information as well as possible. Therefore, we couldn’t deny the existence of the
language which occurs in our social lives.
Unfortunately, we are not living in the world which unites humanity in one
language. Stephen Juan, Ph.D., an anthropologist of University of Sydney, states
(via theregister.co.uk) that more than 6,800 living languages spoken in the world.
With that huge number of languages, humanity needs a solution to prevent the
misunderstood meaning while communicating; therefore, translation is the only
way to solve the language problem.
The beneficial effect of translation could be seen many ways; for
instances, in various written text, such as books, magazines, newspaper, poem,
2
beginning, we did not know at all because of the language problem, and then we
knew everything because the text was translated or transferred into our native
tongue.
Let’s see some examples of translation techniques that are taken from thesis
abstracts Medan State University:
No Source Text Target Text Kind of Translation Technique
1 Volume Volume Borrowing
Borrowing is one of the techniques of translation, which takes a word or
expression straight from another language. Borrowing basically consists of two
types, first pure borrowing, which means the translation is transferred without
changing the writing system and the pronunciation in SL form, and second,
naturalized which means the translation is adapted with the TL translation or
made as natural as possible to TL. This type changes as close as possible to the
TL writing system and pronunciation.
Volume is purely borrowed from the terminology of SL ‘volume’ without
changing the writing system and the pronunciation after rendered in TL form.
No Source Text Target Text
Kind of Translation Technique
3 Pemberitahuan Notification Established Equivalent
Established Equivalent is one of technique translation, which its term
expression is recognized (by dictionaries or language in use) as an equivalent in
the TL.
3
source language (SL) andEnglishas target language (TL) was able to indicatea
form of translation and demonstrates the use of technique of translation within
technical terminology.
Related to analysis, the technical terminology became main object of this
analysis, because it showed changes that occur when a term in Indonesian
translated into English. Some changes were indicated by a change in the structure
and form ofthe word; some words were translated longer than SL, and some word
were shortened after translated, some word also showed meaning shift;
nevertheless, the changes that occured still referred to the technique of translation
which applied by the translator.
Furthermore, this study would open the reader's mind about how important
the translation from SL to TL in giving comprehension and understanding about
the shifting proccess in Thesis’ Abstract.
B. The Problems of the Study
There were three problems to be analyzed as follows:
1) What techniques were applied in the translation of Thesis Abstracts of
Economics Department Students in Medan State University?
2) What was the most dominant technique of translation in Thesis Abstracts
of Economics Department Students in Medan State University?
3) Why that dominant technique was used in Thesis Abstracts of Economics
4
C. The Objectives of the Study
There were three objectives of the study in this analysis as the answers to
the problems which had been mentioned before, they are:
1) to find out the techniques applied in translation of Thesis Abstracts of
Economics Department Students in Medan State University into English.
2) to find out the most dominant technique which the translator used in
translation of Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan
State Universityinto English.
3) to explain why that most dominant technique was used in the translation of
Thesis Abstracts of Economics Department Students in Medan State
University.
D.The Scope of the Study
The scope of the analysis was only focused on the translation of technical
terminology and techniques of translation Words and Phrases in 20 thesis
abstracts of economics department students in Medan State University from
Indonesian Into English based on Molina and Albirtheory(2002:509-511).
E.The Significances of Study
The Significances of the study were as follows.
1) As the reference and the guidance for students and the teachers of
5
comprehension about the translation, especially about the technique of
translation and to do other related researches about translation.
2) As a reference and the guidance for students and the teachers of translation
in general; and the translator in particular, especially about the
implementation of technique of translation applied in technical
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A.Conclusions
Having collected and analyzing the data, some conclusions were given
below:
1. The study revealed that there were three dominant techniques used in
translating abstracts, they were established equivalent,
particularization, and adaptation since the translator tried to render the
meaning by domesticating the words and phrase to be relevant to the
target language. The translator believed that the product of the
translation should become a part of the society and represent the
existence of the target language.
2. The result showed that the most dominant type of translation was 42
(fourty two) Established Equivalent (40, 38 %).
3. The reason of implementing and using established equivalent
technique was the intention of the translators to avoid
misunderstanding in target language by using dictionaries or particular
52
B.Suggestions
The writer would like to recommend that in doing any translation, the
most essential thing is to keep the meaning or the message of the source language
remains the same when it is being translated into the target language.
Specifically, the research can be suggested as follows:
1. All information in the text is very essential; since it’s informative text and
contains technical terminology which is only a few people comprehend the
real meaning within. It is suggested that the translator should be careful in
choosing suitable word to the Target Language before implementing the
translation process, because it needs full of awareness to establish the right
meaning, so the result can prevent the misunderstanding.
2. It is suggested that the translator look for relevant technical terminology
dictionary to find the equivalence of foreign term.
3. It is suggested that the researcher can analyze about either its translation
methods, translation approaches, or the ideology of its translation with the
various scope of research, such as sentence, phrase, language style, etc.
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