CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter discusses some topics related to the background of the study, statements of the problem, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and the definition of key terms.
1.1Background of the Study
English is an International language. It has an important role in delivering information, especially in the global era. Currently, science and technology develop very quickly. English can help bridge communication barriers accross
culture (Sonia, 2014). English proficiency helps Indonesian to get an easy access to Western technology and science. Besides, English also means of
communication or interaction since English as a lingua franca for many countries in the world. Harmer (2002) states that “Although English is not the language with the largest number of native or „first’ language speaker, it has become a lingua franca”. Moreover, English has opened up avenues for may areas such as
means of communication, medicine, agro-business, science, technology, international
businesses, trade, shipping, aviation, sports, research, books, diplomacy, and so on
(Sonia,2014). In Indonesia, English is as foreign language. English becomes compulsory subject at the junior and senior high schools and also university level. It is included in curriculum as a compulsory subject to learn.
Language components are pronunciation, structure, and vocabulary. Here, the researcher focuses her discussion on vocabulary as one of the language
components. According to Harmer (2002), “Vocabulary teaching has not always been very responsive to such problem, and teacher have not fully recognised the
tremendous communicative advantage in developing an extensive vocabulary”. Furthermore, mastering the vocabulary has important role in English learning. When the learner learns it more either actively or passsively, they will learn
easily.
Basically, teaching English is not the simple thing. It is not easy for
Indonesia students to learn and understand English quickly, because English is not their first language. In English teaching, the teacher has to be creative to make students interested in learning English. Teacher should be smart in choosing
suitable teaching techniques that are effective for learners. By choosing suitable teaching techniques, it will help the learners understand and comprehend the
materials easily.
In relation to the technique of teaching English vocabulary, there have
been some previous researches conducted. Syah (2013) who conducted research about techiques of teaching vocabulary at SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang found that the teacher used all kind of techniques of teaching vocabulary. There were ;
1) Visual, 2) Mime and gesture, 3) Use of illustrative situation, 3) Use of synonym and definition, 4) Contrast and opposite, 5) Scale, 6) Example of the
vocabulary teaching techniques used by the first grade English teacher at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau found that the teacher used five techniques in teaching
vocabulary. There were ; 1) Visual, 2) Opposite, 3) Translation, 4) Asking others and 5) Using dictionary.
Based on the previous studies that the researchers conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau Malang and SMPN 1 Randuagung Lumajang, mostly the techniques in teaching English vocabulary were considered as the effective
techniques in formal education. However, in this study the researcher wants to analyze the implementation of those technique in non formal education Kejar
Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung since the students have less time for learning process, lack of vocabulary and poor in English communication. Moreover, the students at non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul
Ulum Tulungagung are not only the people who failed in national examination and dropped out from school but also people who cannot join in formal education
which has old age. In addition, basically the competencies at non formal education that being accepted are similar with formal education, but the advantage at non
formal education the students also trained mastering an enterpreneur.
One of Non Formal Education is Kejar Paket C program that is equal to Senior High School, and it is for the people who cannot join in formal education (
Government Rule No.73/1991/ about non formal education).
From the statements, the researcher is interested in studying the techniques
1.2Statements of the Problem
3. How does the teacher cope the difficulties of implementing the techniques at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung?
1.3Purpose of the Study
Concerning with the problems above, the purposes of this study are:
1.4Significance of the Study
The result of this study is expected to be useful for English teacher, the
English department students, and the next researcher. For the English teacher, it is expected that the result of this study will give contribution to the English teacher
about the technique applied in teaching vocabulary for non formal education students at Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung. For English department students, the result of the study can be
useful for them to know how techniques of teaching vocabulary. For the next researchers, the result of this study is expected to be used as one of references if
they are interested in conducting similar study.
1.5Scope and Limitation
Based on the preceding statements of the problem, the researcher consider making the scope and limitation of this research. The scope of this research
focused on vocabulary teaching techniques used by English teacher at non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung. Because of the researcher’s knowledge, time and energy were limited, this research was limited
to the English teacher of non formal education Kejar Paket C in PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung.
1.6Definition of Key Term
1. Teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of something,
providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand (Brown:2000)
2. Technique is any wide variety of exercise, activities or tasks used in language classroom for realizing lesson objective (Brown:2000). 3. Vocabulary is an important ingredient of language and vocabulary
learning is an essential part of foreign language learning (Jafarigohar:2013).
4. Non Formal Education is an education program that is administrated at non formal education either institutionalized or not (Acts of National Education No 20/2003 about non formal education).
5. Kejar Paket C is one of the educational programs of non formal education that is equal to senior high school, and it is for the people
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION
KEJAR PAKET C
IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
A STUDY ON ENGLISH VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUE AT
NON FORMAL EDUCATION
KEJAR PAKET C
IN PKBM
MA’DINUL ULUM TULUNGAGUNG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
LUKEN YANUAR KUSUMA RINI
201110100311060
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL ... i
LEGALIZATION ... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... v
ABSTRACT ... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study ... 1
1.2 Statements of Problem ... 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ... 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 5
1.6 Definition of Key Term ... 6
2.2 Teaching Vocabulary ... 8
2.3 Techniques of Teaching Vocabulary ... 9
2.3.1 Techniques of Teacher-Centered Activities ... 10
2.3.1.1 Visual Techniques ... 10
2.3.1.2 Verbal Techniques ... 11
2.3.1.3 Translation Technique ... 13
2.3.2 Techniques of Student-Centered Activities ... 13
2.3.2.1 Asking Others ... 14
2.3.2.2 Using Dictionary ... 14
2.3.2.3 Contextual Guesswork ... 14
2.4 Non Formal Education ... 15
2.4.1 Characteristics of Non Formal Education ... 15
2.4.2 The Programs of Non Formal Education ... 16
2.4.3 Education of Equivalent... 18
2.4.3.1 Kejar Paket A and B... 18
2.4.3.2 Kejar Paket C ... 19
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design ... 21
3.2 Subject of the Study... 21
3.3 Research Instruments ... 22
3.3.1 Documents ... 22
3.3.2 Observation ... 22
3.3.3 Interview ... 24
3.4 Data Collection... 24
3.5 Data Analysis ... 26
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Findings ... 27
4.1.1 The Teacher’s Techniques In Teaching English Vocabulary At Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung ... 27
4.1.3 The Teacher’s Way To Cope The Difficulties In Implementing The Techniques At Non Formal Education Kejar Paket C In PKBM Ma’dinul Ulum Tulungagung ... 34
4.2 Discussion ... 35
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions ... 39 5.2 Suggestions... 40
REFERENCES
APPENDIXS
INTERVIEW SCRIPT... 1
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST... 2
REFERENCES
Cahyono. 2004.”English Language Teaching and Learning.” UM Press
Gairns, Ruth and Stuard Redman. 2003. “Working With Words: A Guide to Teaching and Learning.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harmer, J. 2002.“How to Teach Vocabulary.”Bluestone Press.Charlbury, Oxfordshire, UK.ISBN 0582 429668.
Jafarigohar. 2013. “The Effect of Teaching Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Collocation Recall in an EFL Context.” International Journal of English and Education.Vol. 2, Issue: 1; January 2013, ISSN: 2278-4012.
Joesoef, Soelaiman. 2008. “Konsep Dasar Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.” Jakarta: PT. BumiAksara.
Normalsari. 2013. “The Vocabulary Teaching Techniques Used by the First Grade English Teacher in SMP Muhammadiyah06 Dau Malang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Richard &Renandya. 2002. “Methodology in Language Teaching.” Cambridge University Press. New York, USA. Ary, Donald. 2002. “Introduction to Research in Education.” New York. Holt and Winston.
Ary, Donald. 2010. “Introduction to Research in Education.” California. Wardsworth
Brown, H.D. 2000. “Principles of Language Learning and Teaching.” Addison Wesley Longman.
Sonia. 2014. “Challenges of English Language Teaching in Rural Areas.” International Journal of English and Education.Vol. 3, Issue: 2; April 2014, ISSN: 2278- 4012. Syah. 2013. “The Technique of Teaching English Vocabulary At SMPN 1 Randuagung
Lumajang.” Unpublish Thesis. University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
____________. 2001. Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.73 Tahun 1991.Tentang Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.(Online). (www.plsdepdiknas.go.id).
____________. 2003. Undang-undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional RI No 20 Tahun 2003. Tentang Program Pendidikan Luar Sekolah.(Online). (www.plspdepdiknas.co.id)
