FLEXURAL AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF BRICK WALL PANELS WITH WIREMESH REINFORCEMENT Flexural And Compressive Strength Of Brick Wall Panels With Wiremesh Reinforcement.

FLEXURAL AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF BRICK WALL PANELS

WITH WIREMESH REINFORCEMENT

Final Project

Submitted as partial for Filling

The Requirement for Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering

by :

ROZZAANA ISLAMIA

NIM : D 100 122 004

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ENGINEERING FACULTY

iii

MOTTO

Truly behind the difficulty there is easiness then do it with patience

(Q.S. Al-insyiroh: 5-7)

Allah does not burden a person’s but according to his ability

(Q.S. Al Baqarah :45)

Man Jadda Wa Jadda

( Negri 5 menara)

Why wait no limit to her Ashamed when I got to be patient Allah is with me

and I do not want to limit his being with Allah

( gs )

Ask God’s help with patience and prayer, indeed prayer was very heavy, except

for people who fervently

vi

Dedication

This work is dedicated to :

 Allah who has given guidance, smoothness and facilities in the pursuit of knowledge, work, and duties.

 Prophet Muhammad is as a role model and a good example for us.

 Beloved Papa and Alm. Mama, thank you for your pray , love and support. May Allah rewards better than what they given me.

 All extended family, thankyou for keep me in your pray and support me.

 My Partner Muhammad Arif K and My lill Deva.

 My best friends Nabella Maharani, Nella Kusumaningtyas, Annisa Putri H, Nur Hidayah, thank you for support.

 My beloved sister Hany Novianti, Lia, Bunda Dyah.

 Friends who helped inthe settlement of this final report : Bella, Nella, Pendi, Eko dkk, thank you for your coorperation and help.

v PREFACE

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb

There are no first word, be spoken besidesAlhamdulillah. Praise be to

Allah, writer prays this final project in accordance with a predemined

time. This final project is en

titled Flexural

and Compressive Strength of

Brick Wall Panels with

Wire esh Rei force e t .

This Final Project submitted as partial for filling the requirement for

Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty of University of

Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

In this connection allows writer to thank to all those who have

participated in help, they help morally or materially as long the writer is

being as student until she finished her final project.

Thanks and highest appreciation for the direction guidance and

assistance that has given so I can finish the Project of study in Departmen

of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah

Surakarta especially to the honorable:

1.

Ir. Sri Sunarjono, M.T., Ph.D., as Dean of the Engineering Faculty,

University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

2.

Mochamad Solikin, S.T., M.T., Ph.D ., as Head of the Department of

Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah

Surakarta.

3.

Anto Budi L, S.T., M.Sc., as the Academic Lecture.

4.

Muhammad Ujianto, S.T., M.T., as Final Project Lecture who has given

support and taught.

5.

Yenny Nurchasanah, S.T., M.T., as Final Project Lecture who has given

support, taught, and suggested.

6.

Basuki, S.T., M.T., as Examiner who has given taught, support, and

suggested.

7.

Budi Setiawan, S.T., M.T., as Guest of Final Project Lecture who has

given support, taught, and suggested.

8.

Lecture

of

Civil

Engineering,

Engineering

Faculty,

University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta

9.

Beloved papa and mama who have provide both material, moral,

support, andpray, and I pray to God for papa and mama.

vi

11.

All parties who cannot be mentioned one by one that has helped to completion of final Project.

Writter realized that there is no perfect thing, therefre critics and constructive suggestions for the perfection extremely authors expect at this final and hopefully, this final can be useful for use.

viii

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITTLE ... i

APPROVAL SHEET ... ii

MOTTO .. ... iii

DEDICATION... iv

PREFACE ... v

STATEMENT... vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ... viii

LIST OF FIGURE ... . xi

LIST OF TABLES ... .. xii

LIST OF NOTATION ... .. xiii

ABSTRACT ... xiv

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ... ... 1

A. Background ... 1

B. Problem Formulation ... 1

C. Research Purposes ... 2

D. Benefit of Research ... 2

E. Scope of Problem ... 2

F. Authenticity Research ... 3

CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW ... 4

A. Wall Panels ... 4

B. Mortar ... 4

C. Brick... .. 5

D. Wiremesh ... 6

E. Factors Affecting Compressive Strengt Mortar ... 8

1. Water Cement Ratio ... 8

2. Aggregate Nature ... 8

3. Total Cement ... 8

4. Age of Mortar ... 8

CHAPTER III. Theoritical Basis ... 9

A. General ... 9

B. Materials Composition of Wall Panels ... 9

1. Portland Cement ... 9

2. Water ... 10

3. Fine Aggregate ... 10

4. Wiremesh ... 11

C. Mix Design of Wall Panels ... 11

D. Wall Panels test ... 12

1. Tensile Strength of Wiremesh Reinforcement ... 12

ix

3. Wall Panels Compressive Strength ... 13

4. Wall Panels Flexural Strength Test ... 13

CHAPTER IV. Research Methods ... 15

A. General ... 15

B. Materials Research ... 15

1. Water ... 15

2. Fine Aggregate ... 15

3. Cement ... 15

4. Wiremesh ... 16

5. Wood ... 16

6. Brick ... 16

C. Research Equipment ... 16

1. Agregat Sieve ... 17

2. Sieve Vibrator Machine ... 17

3. Scale ... 18

4. Oven ... 18

5. Measuring Cup ... 18

6. Steel Road ... 19

7. Concrete Mixer ... 19

8. Cup ... 19

9. Cube Mold ... 20

10. Tensile Strength Test Equipment ... 20

11. Compressive Strength Test Equipment ... 20

12. Supporting Equipment ... 20

D. Research Stage ... 20

1.Stage I : Preparation Equipment and Material Supply ... 23

2.Stage II : Examination of Materials ... 23

3.Stage III : Mix Design and Making of Test Specimens ... 23

4.Stage IV : Specimen Test ... 23

5.Stage V : Analysis and Discussion ... 23

D. Research Implementation ... 25

1. Examination of Materials ... 25

a. Water Examination ... 25

b. Cement Examination ... 25

c. Fine Aggregate Examination ... 25

d. Brick Examintaion ... 26

2. Mix Design ... 27

3. Making of Specimen ... 27

a. Mortar Cube ... 27

b. Wall Panels ... 27

x

5. Tensile Strength of Wiremesh ... 28

6. Compressive Strength test of Mortar Cube ... 28

7. Compressive Strength test of Wall Panels ... 28

8. Flexural Strength test of Wall Panels ... 28

CHAPTER V. Result and Discussion ... 29

A. Examination Result Composer Materials of Wall Panels ... 29

1. Examinaton of Cement ... 29

2. Examination of Fine Aggregate ... 29

a. Examination of Organic Material Content ... 29

b. Examination of Saturated Surface Dry (SSD) ... 29

c. Examination of Mud Content ... 30

d. Finenes Modulus Testing ... 30

e. Fine Agreggate Gradation Testing ... 31

f. Absorption Testing of Fine Aggregate ... 31

3. Composition of Material ... 32

4. Examination Tensile Strength of Wiremesh ... 32

5. Slump Test ... 32

B. Testing Result of Mortar Cube ... 32

1. Compressive Strength of Mortar Cube ... 32

C. Testing Result of Wall Panels ... 33

1. Testing of Wall Panels ... 33

a. Compressive Strength of Wall Panels ... 33

b. Flexural Strength of Wall Panels ... 34

CHAPTER VI. Conclusion and Suggestion ... 36

A. Conclusion . ... 36

B. Suggestion .... ... 36

xi



LIST OF FIGURE

Figure III.1 Mortar cubes compressive strength test ... 13

Figure IIi.2 Flexural strength loading scheme ... 14

Figure IV.1 Fine agregate ... 15

Figure IV.2 Cement ... 15

Figure IV.3 Wiremesh ... 16

Figure IV.4 Brick ... 16

Figure IV.5 Sieve aggregate ... 17

Figure IV.6 Sieve vibrator machine ... 17

Figure IV.7 Scale ... ... 18

Figure IV.8 Oven ... 18

Figure IV.9 Measuring cup ... 18

Figure IV.10 Steel rod ... 19

Figure IV.11 Concrete mixer... 19

Figure IV.12 Cup ... 19

Figure IV.13 Panel form work... 20

Figure IV.14 Tensile strength test equipment ... 20

Figure IV.15 Compressive strength test equipment ... 21

Figure IV.16 Supporting equipment ... 21

Figure IV.17 Test object cubes mortar ... 21

Figure IV.18 Test object wall panel ... 22

Figure IV.19 Wall panels testing scheme ... 22



xii



LIST OF TABLE

Table II.1 Wiremesh material specification ... 6

Table II.2 Wiremesh specification ... 7

Table II.3 specifications produc wiremesh ... 7

Table V.1 Test of the organic material content fine aggregates ... 29

Table V.2 Saturated Surface Dry (SSD) ... 29

Table V.3 Test of fine aggregate mud content ... 30

Table V.4 Test of Fineness Modulus Testing ... 30

Table V.5 Test of Specific gravity of fine aggregate testing ... 31

Tabel V.6. Materials composer of specimen nee ... 32

Table V.7. Test of tensile strength wiremesh ... 32

Table V.8 Test of slump test ... 32

Tabel V.9 Test of Compressive strength of mortar cube ... 32

Table V.10 Compressive strength testing wall panels without reinforcement. ... 33

Table V.11 Compressive strength testing wall panels with reinforcement. ... 33

Table V.12 Percentage increase in value of Compressive strength wall panels ... 33

Table V.13 Flexural strength testing wall panels without reinforcement wiremesh ... 34



xiii

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVITIONS AND NOTATIONS

A = The surface of specimen (mm2) Aso = Cross sectionl area of specimen (mm2) b = Width of specimen (mm)

f’c = Compressive stress (N/mm2)

fs = Maximum tensile stress (N/mm2)

h = High of specimen (mm)

L = Length of specimen (mm)

MOR = Modulus of rupture (MPa) P = Maximum load (N)

V = Volume (cm3) W = Berat beton (gr)

xiv

WIREMESH REINFORCEMENT CONTRIBUTED FLEXURAL AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

BRICK WALL PANELS

Abstract

Wall is one of the important elements of the building and serves to separate and form a space in residential buildings or storied. In the development of the world very rapidly and building construction technology advances, many new innovations are found on the walls of one of them is a precast wall panels with reinforcement.Wall panels have a high quality and provide convenience in workability and structural systems efficiently determine the construction budget, the concrete in the wall panels were replaced by bricks coated mortar to become the cheaper alternative, and required a different method, namely red brick mounted horizontally for creating a thinner wall and efficiently. The test object is created with a size of 50 cm width, 100 cm length and 10 cm height for testing compressive strength and flexural strength, the lifes of the specimen are planned up to 28 days. On specimen maintained by way of watered.Tests performed at this research is testing the compressive strength and flexural strength at 28 days. At the lifes of 28 day compressive strength values obtained without wiremesh reinforcement of 1,878 MPa and compressive strength with wiremesh reinforcement at 2.10 MPa, for flexural strength without reinforcement wiremesh obtained a value of 1.493 MPa and with wiremesh reinforcement of 3,800 MPa. In this case the visible increase in the compressive strength and flexural due wiremesh reinforcement.

Keywords: Wall panels, Brick, Wiremesh, Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength

Dinding merupakan salah satu elemen penting dari bangunan dan berfungsi untuk memisahkan dan membentuk ruang di bangunan tempat tinggal atau bertingkat. Dalam perkembangan dunia yang sangat cepat dan kemajuan teknologi konstruksi bangunan, banyak inovasi baru yang ditemukan di dinding salah satunya adalah dinding pracetak panel dengan tulangan. Dinding panel memiliki kualitas tinggi dan memberikan kemudahan dalam pengerjaan dan struktur sistem efisien menentukan anggaran konstruksi, beton di panel dinding digantikan oleh batu bata dilapisi mortar menjadi alternatif yang lebih murah, dan diperlukan metode yang berbeda, yaitu bata merah dipasang horizontal untuk menciptakan dinding tipis dan efisien. Benda uji dibuat dengan ukuran lebar 50 cm, panjang 100 cm dan tinggi 10 cm untuk pengujian kuat tekan dan kuat lentur, yang lifes dari spesimen yang direncanakan sampai dengan 28 hari. Pada spesimen dipelihara dengan cara watered.Tests dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah pengujian tegangan tekan dan lentur pada 28 hari. Pada umur nilai tegangan tekan 28 hari diperoleh tanpa penguatan wiremesh dari 1.878 MPa dan tegangan tekan dengan tulangan wiremesh di 2.10 MPa, untuk stres lentur tanpa penguatan wiremesh diperoleh nilai dari 1,493 MPa dan dengan tulangan wiremesh dari 3.800 MPa. Dalam hal ini peningkatan terlihat dalam kuat tekan dan lentur karena tulangan wiremesh.