Q a iy al e 000 $
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Production 861,150 n.a 766,572 n.a 762,795 391.1 757,399 334.1 928,523 252.3
Market share(%) Production in the World Export
Domestic Consumption 169,109 n.a 160,473 n.a 160,375 n.a 178,698 n.a 186,680 n.a
1. Households 41,575 n.a 46,946 n.a 47,407 24.3 47,896 21.1 49,169 13.4
2. Non Households 127,534 n.a 113,527 n.a 112,968 n.a 130,802 n.a 137,511 n.a
Export to Top 5 countries
1. Malaysia 2,425 880
2. Singapore 1,650 870
3. Taiwan 502 120
4. Australia 4 80
5. Thailand 56 10
6. Others n.a n.a
Total Export 5,991.6 1,670.8 6,816.2 2,189.0 5,402.1 2,421.1 4,637.3 1,888.9
Import from Top 5 countries
1. Phillipines 28,759 8
2. Vietnam 9,057 3
3. Thailand 6 2
4. Malaysia 22,454 1
5. China 1,963 1
6. Others n.a n.a
Total Import 47,963.7 12,475.0 32,928.8 9,069.0 42,007.9 12,369.9 48,927.1 14,240.4
Total Harvest Area (Ha)
Top 5 Province Prod. (Ton) Area (Ha) Prod. (Ton) Area (Ha) Prod. (Ton) Area (Ha) Prod. (Ton) Area (Ha) Prod. (Ton) Area (Ha)
1. East Java 344,642 24,546 223,147 24,408 213,818 27,457
2. Centre of Java 195,021 23,467 215,601 21,201 231,052 23,394
3. West Java 103,326 12,699 96,619 10,483 120,219 13,353
4. NTB 103,012 6,855 91,151 8,818 82,838 8,801
5. South Sulawesi 11,609 3,345 41,053 4,176 18,304 2,949
Opportunity for Investment
Source: Department of Agriculture
82,147 79,867
In total, export activity during 2001-2004 declined. Biggest export value was reached in year 2002 with 6.8 thousand ton in volume or equal to 2.2 million USD. Export activity during 2003-2004 also declined, from 5.4 thousand ton(2.4 million USD )to 4.6 thousand ton(1.9 million USD). The difference in export value was caused by change in world price and exchange rate. Main export destination in year 2004 was Malaysia with export total of 2.4 thousand ton(880 thousand USD), followed by Singapore and Taiwan each with 1.65 thousand ton(870 thousand USD) and 502 ton(120 thousand USD) respectively. Average Export volume during 2001-2003 was 6,070 ton. Compared to world export, Indonesia is the 5th biggest exporter, after Mexico, New Zealand, France and Netherland. Import-wise, Indonesia is the 2nd biggest importer after Brazil, with the average volume of 43 thousand ton per year. Therefore it is natural for shallot trade balance to be negative.
Export-import
2002 2003 2004 2005
20.6 (%)
88,029 86,239 86,521
0.8 (%) 17.1 (%)
20.8 (%) 17.5 (%)
1 (%) 17.9 (%)
n.a n.a
Production-Consumption
The slow recovery of Indonesia economy after crisis, indirectly affect shallot production. Decreased production volume of of 5 shallot production centers in Indonesia(East Java, Central Java, West Java, West Nusa Tenggara and South Sulawesi) was the main factor of decline in national shallot production in the last 5 years. During 2001-2005, the average of Indonesia total shallot production was 815.3 thousand ton or 18.8% of the world total production, and it tends to decline.This can be seen from its growth which shows negative value. Growth rate in year 2002 was minus 12.3% while in year 2003 and 2004 its growth was -0.5 and -0.7 respectively. However in year 2005, Indonesia shallot production underwent a turning point that it was predicted to reach 928.5 thousand ton in volume, increasing as much as 18.4% from year 2004. The reason was increase in domestic consumption, from households and non-households. Improvement in food industry and the awareness among farmers to conduct intensification program, give ample contribution to increase in shallot production. Other factors are extensification. This can be seen from the enlargement of total harvest area. It was 86.2 thousand ha in 2004 and reached 86.5 thousand ha in 2005. Extensification does not always render good impact on production. For example in year 2003, total harvest area was 88
Shallots
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a. 1.5 (%)
1.3 (%) 0.0 (%)
