ABSTRAK
Kesiapsiagaan adalah program pembangunan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemampuan seluruh potensi sumberdaya di wilayah agar dapat menanggulangi masalah kesehatan akibat kedaruratan dan bencana secara efisien dari tahap tanggap darurat sampai rehabilitasi secara berkesinambungan sebagai bagian dari pembangunan kesehatan yang menyeluruh. Kesiapsiagaan akan membawa manusia didaerah rawan bencana pada tataran kesiapan atau kesiapsiagaan yang lebih baik dalam menghadapi bencana.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana di Kabupaten Aceh Besar dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, untuk menggambarkan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan tenaga gizi sebagai bentuk kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi gizi darurat pada bencana, selain itu untuk menjelaskan masalah masalah yang mendalam berkaitan dengan kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi dalam menghadapi gizi darurat juga dilakukan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam untuk mendukung data kuantitatif.
Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh pengetahuan tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar sebanyak 54,90% memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar memiliki sikap positif sebanyak 74,51%. Keterampilan tenaga gizi diperoleh sebanyak 25,49% yang terampil. Kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi diperoleh sebanyak 37,25% tenaga gizi siap siaga dan 62,74% tenaga gizi kurang siap siaga. Dari wawancara mendalam juga diperoleh bahwa tenaga gizi belum pernah dilibatkan dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana. Koordinasi yang dilakukan selama ini masih kurang baik, pedoman gizi darurat belum dimiliki oleh tenaga gizi kecuali yang bertugas di Dinas Kesehatan, sosialisasi belum pernah diikuti, pelatihan gizi darurat belum pernah diikuti dan belum pernah diadakan simulasi bencana.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini, tenaga gizi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar masih perlu meningkatkan kesiapsiagaannya. Dukungan dan kesempatan tenaga gizi untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masih kurang. Oleh karena itu tenaga gizi perlu terus meningkatkan kemampuan dalam memberikan pelayanan gizi darurat serta perlu mendapat dukungan dari instansi terkait dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan tenaga gizi, termasuk mulai dilibatkannya tenaga gizi dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana.
Kata Kunci : Kesiapsiagaan, Gizi Darurat, Bencana
ABSTRACT
Preparedness and complete alertness is development program which is aimed to increase the capacity and capability of all potential resources in regional level to handle health problems efficiently as the result of emergency and disaster from immediate responsiveness to sustainable rehabilitation as a part of complete health development. Preparedness and complete alertness will lead people who are subject to disaster area on to the level of good preparedness or complete alertness in facing disaster.
The objective of the research was to analyze the preparedness and complete alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition in disaster which occurred in Aceh Besar District, using descriptive quantitative method to describe the level of knowledge, attitude, and skill of nutrition care providers, in the form of preparedness and complete alertness, in facing emergency nutrition in the disaster area and to explain serious problems related to the preparedness and complete alertness of nutrition care providers in facing emergency nutrition, using qualitative approach and in-depth interviews to support the quantitative data.
The result of the research showed that nutrition care providers (54.90%) in Aceh Besar District had good knowledge. nutrition care providers (74.51%) had positive attitude. Nutrition care providers (25.49%) were skillful. Nutrition care providers (37.25%) were in preparedness and complete alertness, and them (62.74%) were not in preparedness and complete alertness. The result of the in-depth interviews showed that nutrition care providers were never asked to get involved in the activity of disaster response; coordination was bad; nutrition care providers did not have any guidance for emergency nutrition, except those who were in duty in the Health Office; they were never asked to participate in counseling and training about emergency nutrition; and there was no disaster simulation.
The conclusion of the research was that nutrition care providers in Aceh Besar District still need to improve their preparedness and complete alertness. There was lack of support and opportunity for nutrition care providers; therefore, they have to improve their capability in providing emergency nutrition, and the agency concerned needs to support them to improve their preparedness and complete alertness by involving them in the disaster response activities.
