AN ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE POLITENESS
IN OPRAH’S TRANCRIPT
By Wida Prastyani NIM 2006-32-241
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
iii
AN ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE POLITENESS IN OPRAH’S TRANCRIPT
SKRIPSI
Presented to Muria Kudus University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Completing Sarjana Program in English Education
By Wida Prastyani NIM 200632241
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
iv
MOTTO AND DEDECATION
MOTTO
Our job is not to be success, but our job is to try and learn because try and learn to find and build the opportunities for successes (Mario Teguh)
The spirit will be support in the hardship
There is life there is hope, there is hope there is success There is no too late to be success
DEDICATION
This skripsi is dedicated to:
My beloved parents and my siblings
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the sarjana skripsi of Wida Prastyani has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the examining committee.
Kudus, March 15th, 2012
Advisor I
Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd NIS. 0610701000001155
Advisor II
Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd NIP.195706161984031015
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M. Pd NIP. 1956061919858031002
vi
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is certify that the skripsi of Wida Prastyani (NIM 2006-32-241) has been approval by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree in the Teaching English as a foreign language.
Kudus, March 24th, 2012 Skripsi Examiners
Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd Chairman
NIS. 0610701000001155
Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd Member
NIP. 1957061 619840 31 015
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd Member
NIS. 0610701000001155
Titis Sulistyowati, SS, M.Pd Member
NIP. 1981040 200501 2 001
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M. Pd NIP. 195606191985803100
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise to God who gives me the spirit, power, dream, hope, healthy, and inspiration to complete my research entitled “Positive and Negative Politeness Found in Oprah’s Transcript”. Then, I would like to convey my gratitude to: 1. Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS. M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University, also as my first advisor who corrects this research carefully and gives great critics, opinion, and suggestion.
3. Suprihadi, M.Pd who gives his time to read and correct my skripsi patiently and correctly.
4. All of the lecturers who help me complete this skripsi.
5. My beloved parents and siblings who always support and praying to me. 6. My close and special friend: Sutiah, Qodriyah, Mas Jojo, Syaiful, Mas Noval,
Mas Heri, Mas Agung, Dian Ika, Tri Mulyanto thanks for support and everything had said to me that gives me the great spirit.
Then, thanks are due to those whose names couldn’t be mention here. Finally, I hope this skripsi not only gives the knowledge for the reader, but also is useful for the reader.
Kudus, March 2012 Wida Prastyani
viii ABSTRACT
Prastyani, Wida. 2012. An Analysis of Positive and Negative Politeness in
Oprah’s Transcript. Skripsi. English Education Department. Teacher
Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (i) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd (ii) Drs. Suprihadi, M. pd
Key words: positive, negative, politeness, oprah
A good interaction requires the politeness principle to organize how to communicate the information to other. Although, politeness seems like an old customs, politeness is very important, especially in speaking and writing activities. There are some reasons why politeness is important. First, politeness is sign that we respect the other people who speak with us. Second, politeness indicates that we are a professional person. Politeness can be learned from transcript of talk show, for the example Oprah’s transcript.
This research has two purposes. There are to describe positive and negative politeness that are found in Oprah’s transcript.
This research design used descriptive qualitative. The data is positive and negative politeness. Meanwhile, the data source is Oprah’s transcript. I apply four steps to collect the data, such as: downloading transcript, reading transcript, searching and underline the politeness strategies, and listing the sentences which contain politeness strategies. Meanwhile, I do two steps to collect the data. They are reading the list and classifying the data into positive and negative politeness.
The result of the analyzing found 31 types of positive politeness strategies. That are claim common ground (17), the host (S) conveys that all participants are cooperators (7), fulfill H’s wants (2), encouragement expression (2), and regarding the guest’s mistake (3). Meanwhile, I found 19 types of negative politeness, such as: hedging (13), give deference directly (2), expressing hesitation and unwillingness (4).
Based on the analyzing above, I suggest that the student should not only know or reads about politeness strategy, but also learn deeply and practice the politeness, especially to positive politeness. Moreover, I also suggest that the teacher or lecturer should give the suggest or critic if the student don’t imply positive politeness. Therefore, the student will get the habit to use positive politeness.
ix ABTRAKSI
Prastyani, Wida. 2012. Analisa Kesantunan Positif dan Negatif Dalam Transkrip
Oprah. Skripsi. Program pendidikan bahasa inggris. Fakultas keguruan
dan ilmu pendidikan. Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing (i) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd (ii) Drs. Suprihadi, M. pd
Key words: positive, negative, politeness, oprah
Interaksi yang baik membutuhkan prinsip kesantunan to mengorganisir bagaimana menyampaikan sebuah informasi. Meskipun, kesantunan terlihat seperti budaya lama, tetapi kesantunan sangatlah penting, khususnya dalam aktivitas berbicara dan menulis. Ada beberapa alasan mengapa kesantunan sangatlah penting. Pertama, kesantunan merupakan isyarat bahwa kita menghargai lawan bicara kita. Kedua, kesantunan mengindikasikan bahwa kita orang-orang yang professional. kesantunan dapat dipelajari melalui transkrip sebuah talk show, sebagai contoh: transcript dari acara Oprah Winfrey.
Ada dua tujuan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan tersebut adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesantunan positif dan kesantunan negative.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian adalah kalimat yang memuat bentuk kesantunan positif dan negative. Sementara itu, sumber data penelitian ini adalah transkrip Oprah. Saya menerapkan empat langkah dalam mengklasifikasi data, yaitu mengunduh transkrip, membaca transkrip, mencari dan menggarisbawahi strategi kesantunan, dan membuat daftar kalimat yang memuat strategi kesantunan. Sementara itu, dalam pengumpulan data, saya melakukan dua langkah, yaitu: membaca daftar kalimat yang memuat bentuk kesantunan positif dan negatif serta mengelompokkan data dalam kesantunan positif dan negative
Hasil penelitian menemukan 30 bentuk strategi kesantunan positif, yaitu: mengasah hal yang umum (17), pembicara dan semua partisipan saling bekerjasama (7), memenuhi keinginan pendengar (2), dorongan (2), dan mengabaikan kasalahan (3). Sementara itu, saya menemukan 19 tipe strategi kesantunan negatif, yaitu: pembatasan (13), menyampaikan pertidaksetujuan secara langsung (3), serta keragu-raguan and ketidakmauan (4).
Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, saya memberi saran bahwa siswa sebaiknya tidak hanya mengetahui atau membaca tentang strategi kesantunan, tetapi juga belajar secara mendalam dan mempraktekkan strategi kesantunan, khususnya kesantunan positif. Lebih dari itu, saya juga memberikan saran untuk dosen atau guru supaya memberikan saran ataupun kritik kepada siswa yang tidak menggunakan strategi kesantunan positif. Dengan demikian, siswa akan terbiasa menggunakan kesantunan positif.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ... i
LOGO ... ii
PAGE OF TITLE ... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ... v EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMANT ... vii ABSTRACT ... viii ABSTRAKSI ... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ... x
LIST OF TABLES ... xii
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xiii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1 Background of the Research ... 1
1.2 Statement of the Research ... 5
1.3 Objective of the Research ... 5
1.4 Significant of the Research ... 5
1.5 Scope of the Research ... 6
1.6 Definition of the Research ... 6
CHAPTER II : REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE ... 8
2.1 Pragmatics ... 8
2.2 Politeness ... 9
2.2.1 Politeness and Face ... 10
2.2.2 Positive Politeness Strategy ... 11
2.2.3 Negative Politeness Strategy ... 17
2.3 Biography of Oprah Winfrey ... 22
2.3.1 Oprah Show ... 22
2.4 Previous Study ... 24
CHAPTER III : METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH ... 25
3.1 Design of the Research ... 25
3.2 Data and Data Source... 25
3.3 Technique of Collecting Data ... 25
3.4 Technique of Analyzing Data ... 26
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING ... 29
4.1 The Description of Positive and Negative politeness Strategies found in Oprah’s Transcript ... 29
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CHAPTER V : DISCUSSION ... 40
5.1 The Description of Positive and Negative politeness Strategies found in Oprah’s Transcript ... 40
CHAPTER VI : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 51
6.1 Conclusion ... 51
6.2 Suggestion ... 51 BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 The Description of Positive and Negative Politeness Strategies
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LIST OF APPENDICES
