[ 3 3]
[ 3 4]
Ne ve nka Lo ko baue r, Z de nko Frani ´c and Alic a Bauman
1 3 7Cs and 9 0Sr in the human fo o d c hain in the Re public o f Cro atia
Enviro nme ntal Manage me nt and He alth
7 / 4 [1 9 9 6 ] 3 3 –3 5
In p u t →At m os p h er e →E a r t h ’s s u r fa ce → Diet →Tis su e →Dose
In t h e la s t few d eca d es m u ch effor t h a s b een exp en d ed a ll over t h e wor ld on wor k in g ou t a n d p os t u la t in g ecologica l t r a n sp or t of 137Cs a n d 90Sr fr om fa llou t t o t h e h u m a n food ch a in [3]. T h e levels of h u m a n exp os u r e d u e t o food s t u ffs con t a m in a t ion d e p en d on t h e s p ecifi c cir cu m st a n ces of r a d ion u clid es ’ r elea s es, t h e t im e of yea r, m et eor ologica l con d it ion s a n d a gr icu lt u r a l p r a ct ices [4].
Estimates of
137Cs and
90Sr intake
via food in the Republic of Croatia
In t h e Re p u blic of Cr oa t ia con t in u ou s in vest i-ga t ion s of 137Cs a n d 90Sr a ct iv it y con cen t r a -t ion s in r e p r esen -t a -t ive food i-t em s collec-t ed fr om t h e sever a l a r ea s (a r ou n d t h e t ow n s Za gr eb, Za d a r a n d Osijek ) h ave b een ca r r ied ou t by t h e De p a r t m en t of Ra d ia t ion P r ot ec-t ion of ec-t h e In sec-t iec-t u ec-t e for Med ica l Resea r ch a n d Occu p a t ion a l H ea lt h sin ce 1959. T h e p r im a r y
1 ,0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0
1
0
1 9 6 4 1 9 6 5 1 9 7 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 6 1 9 9 0 1 9 9 1 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 Ye ar
Figure 2
Effe c tive do s e s re c e ive d fro m 1 3 7Cs intake by fo o ds
1 ,0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0
1
1 9 6 4 1 9 6 5 1 9 7 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 6 1 9 9 0 1 9 9 1 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 Ye ar
Effective dose
Figure 3
[ 3 5] Ne ve nka Lo ko baue r,
Z de nko Frani ´c and Alic a Bauman
1 3 7Cs and 9 0Sr in the human fo o d c hain in the Re public o f Cro atia
Enviro nme ntal Manage me nt and He alth
7 / 4 [1 9 9 6 ] 3 3 –3 5
p u r p os e of t h es e m ea su r em en t s is t o eva lu a t e w h et h er 137Cs a n d 90Sr a r e p r es en t in t h e h u m a n food ch a in of t h e Cr oa t ia n p op u la t ion in con cen t r a t ion s t h a t m igh t b e h a r m fu l t o h u m a n s. T h e secon d a r y a im , w h ich
u lt im a t ely s er ves t h e p r im a r y en d , is t o col-lect in for m a t ion on t h e r ela t ion b et w een t h e a ct iv it y levels.
On t h e b a s i s of a ll d a t a t h e con t a m i n a t i on of m os t s i gn i fi ca n t food com p on en t s w a s i n ves t i ga t ed a n d yea r ly i n t a k e of 137Cs a n d 90Sr fr om food s for t h e Cr oa t i a n p op u la -t i on w a s es -t i m a -t ed . F i gu r e 1 gives es -t i m a -t es of 137Cs a n d 90Sr yea r ly i n t a k e s i gn i fi ca n t w i t h r es p ect t o glob a l fa llou t follow i n g n u clea r w ea p on t es t s a n d t h e Ch er n oby l a cci d en t .
A con t i n u ou s 35-yea r i n ves t i ga t i on of 137Cs a n d 90Sr levels i n food s t u ffs i n d i ca t ed t h a t follow i n g t h e Ch er n oby l a cci d en t , con t a m i -n a t i o-n by 137Cs w a s a p p r ox i m a t ely t h e s a m e a s t h a t r ecor d ed i n t h e 1960s a n d con t a m i n a -t i on by 90Sr t h e s a m e a s t h a t r ecor d ed i n t h e 1970s. In or d er t o es t i m a t e t h e r i s k t o t h e p op u la t i on of Cr oa t i a t h e cor r es p on d i n g effect ive d os es (E ) w er e a s s es s ed a s s h ow n i n F i gu r es 2 a n d 3.
Con cer n in g exp osu r e fr om in t a k e of r a d ion u clid es, t h e lim it t o m em b er s of t h e p u blic is 1 m Sv a yea r [5]. In ou r st u dy, t h e est im a t ed d oses w er e fa r b elow t h is va lu e – yea r ly effect ive d ose levels a n d , t h er efor e, cu r r en t r isk for t h e p op u la t ion of Cr oa t ia a ssocia t ed w it h 137Cs a n d 90Sr in gest ion ca n b e con sid er ed less t h r ea t en in g.
References
1 Fow ler, E .B. (E d .), R a d ioa ctiv e Fa llou t, S oils,
Pla n ts, Food s, M a n , E ls ev ier, Am s t er d a m , 1965.
2 Un it ed N a t ion s Scien t ifi c Com m it t ee on t h e E ffect s of At om ic Ra d ia t ion (UN SCE AR),
S ou rces a n d E ffects of Ion iz in g R a d ia tion ,
Un it ed N a t ion s, N ew Yor k , N Y, 1977. 3 Un it ed N a t ion s Scien t ifi c Com m it t ee on t h e
E ffect s of At om ic Ra d ia t ion (UN SCE AR),
S ou rces, E ffects a n d R isk s of Ion iz in g
R a d ia tion , Un it ed N a t ion s, N ew Yor k , N Y, 1988.
4 Wor ld H ea lt h Or ga n iza t ion (WH O), Der iv ed
In ter v en tion L ev els for R a d ion u clid es in Food ,
Wor ld H ea lt h Or ga n iza t ion , Gen eva , 1988. 5 In t er n a t ion a l At om ic E n er gy Agen cy (IAE A),
In ter n a tion a l B a sic S a fety S ta n d a rd s for Pr o-tection a ga in st Ion iz in g R a d ia tion a n d for th e S a fety of R a d ia tion S ou rces, IAE A, Vien n a ,
