1. Diagram Moody
3. Resistance Coefficient dan Diagram Pipa Persamaan
Hazen-Williams
Sumber:
** "Piping Handbook", Nayyar, Mohinder L., Editor in Chief, Sixth Ed., McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1992.
4. Koefisien Kekasaran Pipa
Sumber: http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/surface-roughness-ventilation-ducts-d_209.html
5. Tabel Sifat Air (Physical Properties of Water) (SI units)
Sumber: MWH’s Water Treatment: Principles and Design, Third Edition
6. Kerugian Head untuk Komponen Pelengkap Pipa pada Aliran Turbulen
7. Entrance Losses
8. Pandangan atas Turbin Francis Unit 4 PLTA Tangga