Enviro nme ntal Manage me nt
Fac ulty o f Engine e ring, Unive rsity o f L’ Aquila, Italy
P.M . Pelagagge
Fac ulty o f Engine e ring, Unive rsity o f L’ Aquila, Italy
A.C. Caputo and
Ave rage variability range s o f o pe rating parame te rs
A.C. Caputo and P.M. Pe lagagge
Ec o no mic analysis o f pulse d ve rsus c o nve ntio nal ESPs in industrial applic atio ns Enviro nme ntal Manage me nt and He alth
8 / 3 [1 9 9 7 ] 1 0 0 –1 0 4
F in a lly, a lt h ou gh m odest t ot a l cost
in cr em en t s of pu lsed over con ven t ion a l E SP (CS< 0) h ave been n ot iced for low r esist ivit y, it m ay be poin t ed ou t t h a t r eleva n t oper a t in g cost r edu ct ion s a r e n ever t h eless obt a in ed. As a n exa m ple, F igu r e 2 pr esen t s t h e oper a t in g cost savin g (OCS) for t h e con sider ed in du -st r ia l scen a r ios, a ssu m in g du -st r esi-st ivit y a t
Table II
SCA range s fo r applic atio n are as
Cement
Power generation manufacturing Iron and steel Glass industry
Conv. Pulsed Conv. Pulsed Conv. Pulsed Conv. Pulsed
3 1 -2 7 0 3 1 -2 4 9 6 5 9 -5 4 2 6 9 -3 1 2 2 1 -1 8 4 2 1 -1 0 7 3 2 3 -2 0 7 0 3 2 3 -1 1 4 4 Figure 1
Co st saving mapping
Figure 2
A.C. Caputo and P.M. Pe lagagge
Ec o no mic analysis o f pulse d ve rsus c o nve ntio nal ESPs in industrial applic atio ns Enviro nme ntal Manage me nt and He alth
8 / 3 [1 9 9 7 ] 1 0 0 –1 0 4
lower va lu e. Aga in , gr ea t er OCS m ay be ga in ed w h en fl ow r a t e a n d efficien cy gr ow.
Conclusions
A pa r a m et r ic in vest iga t ion on econ om ica l con ven ien ce of pu lsed over con ven t ion a l E SP h a s been per for m ed for som e r e pr esen t a t ive in du st r ia l a pplica t ion a r ea s. Cost savin gs a ssocia t ed w it h pu lsed en er giza t ion m ay be u n dou bt edly sign ifi ca n t wh en ga s fl ow r a t e, r esist ivit y a n d collect ion efficien cy a ll in cr ea se.
T h e econ om ic a dva n t a ge in power gen er a -t ion , cem en -t m a n u fa c-t u r in g a n d -t h e gla ss in du st r y, is m a in ly a ffect ed by du st r esist iv-it y. In ir on -or e sin t er in g pla n t s a n d low su l-ph u r coa l-fi r ed boiler s, r eleva n t cost savin gs h ave been a ssessed by t a k in g in t o a ccou n t t h e con st a n t ext r em ely h igh r esist ivit y. However, it ca n be gen er a lly st a t ed t h a t wh en t h e ba ck cor on a is fi r m ly est a blish ed t h e pu lsed E SP is a lw ays con ven ien t , t h a n k s t o t h e r edu ct ion s in t h e r equ ir ed collect in g a r ea a n d power con su m pt ion fu lly offset t in g t h e in cr ea sed cost s of power su pply. On t h e con t r a r y, for low r esist ivit y ca ses, pu lsed E SP cost exceeds t h e con ven t ion a l on e, bu t sign ifi ca n t r edu ct ion in power con su m pt ion m ay a lw ays be obt a in ed.
F in a lly, it sh ou ld be n ot ed t h a t a m on g t h e ava ila ble t ech n iqu es for ba ck cor on a su ppr es-sion , pu lsed en er giza t ion h a s t h e a dded a dva n t a ge of ca u sin g a lower oper a t in g a n d m a in t en a n ce im pa ct w it h r espect t o ot h er con dit ion in g m et h ods (i.e. sor ben t in ject ion ) a n d ca n in m a n y ca ses sim plify t h e pr ocess equ ipm en t , for in st a n ce by elim in a t in g t h e wet coolin g t ower in cem en t m a n u fa ct u r in g.
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