THE RESISTANCE OF GALILEO GALILEI AGAINST
THE CHURCH’S DOMINATIONIN BERTOLT BRECHT’S
THE LIFE OF GALILEO
A THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of
English Department Faculty of Humanities
This Thesis is dedicated for those
who believe in themselves, that
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude to Allah SWT for always giving me
patience, faith, spirit, and energy to finish my work. The very first people I would
like to thank are my parents, Bambang Supriyono, and Suwani. Thank you for giving
me understanding and support during the making of my thesis. My gratitude is also
for my sibling, Galih Hari Santoso.
My deepest gratitude is for Rina Saraswati, M. Hum. and Dra. Christinawati,
M. Si. who helped me a lot of times from the thesis evaluation, kindly being my
thesis advisor, and guiding me in every aspect of my thesis. I am so grateful for this
opportunity because they inspired me in working on my thesis. I would like to thank
them for the time and lesson that they gave me.
My deepest and unlimited gratitude to my best Comrade and Business friends:
Fatkhulloh Mujjadid, S.St., Achmad Irsan Farohi, S.St. Soffil Yudha Mulyadi, Sst.Ft.,
Mirza Iqbal Birahmatika, S.St., Okki Ari Skripsiawan, Amd., Dwi Mega Ariyanto,
S.Hum., Aditya Nugroho,. S.Hum., without them the making of my thesis would be
tiresome. I will not forget the support and help that they gave me not only as a
motivator, but also as a good friend of mine.
I also would like to express my appreciation to my friends who have become
part of my life: Sethio Bagus Wibowo, Bayu Prakasa, Hazmi Putra Kharisma
Nugraha, Rizky Yudha Prasetyo, M. Rizky Fadilah, Yusuf Arief Witoko, Sarah Safira
Ramadhani, Dani Setyo Priangga, Icko Divino Reshananda, Hanggono Wibilaksono,
Faiz Naufal, Ikhlasul Amal, M. Herza Trico Medino, Chalimatus Bai’q, Dika Febrian
Kawengian, Oky Urtya, Maharani Kartikarahmi and so forth, They are great gifts that
I ever have in my life. Thank you to all my friends in English Department and
Faculty of Humanities who have supported me. I hope all the best for their future too.
Surabaya, January 7th 2016
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Remember the moment you left me alone and
Broke every promise you ever made
I was an ocean, lost in the open
Nothing could take the pain away
The sticks and the stones that
You used to throw have
Built me an empire
So don't even try
To cry me a river
Cause I forgive you
You are the reason I still fight
So you can throw me to the wolves
Tomorrow I will come back
Leader of the whole pack
Beat me black and blue
Every wound will shape me
Every scar will build my throne
“Throne”, by Bring Me The Horizon
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Inside Cover Page ... i
Inside Title Page ... ii
Declaration Page ... iii
Dedication Page ... iv
Advisor Page ... v
Board of Examiner’s Approval Page ... vi
Acknowledgements ... vii
Epigraph ... ix
Table of Contents ... x
List of Figures ... xii
Abstract ... xiii
Chapter 1: Introduction ... 1
1.1. Background of the Study ... 1
1.2. Statement of the Problem ... 10
1.3. Objective of the Study ... 10
1.4. Significance of the Study ... 10
1.5. Scope and Limitation ... 11
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1.8. Definition of Key Terms ... 14
Chapter 2: Literature Review ... 15
2.1. Theoretical Framework ... 15
2.1.1. Marxist Criticism ... 15
2.1.2. Repressive State Apparatus (RSA) and Ideological State Apparatus (ISA) ... 19
2.1.3. The Ideology ... 23
2.1.4. The Counter-Ideology ... 24
2.2. Review of Related Studies ... 27
Chapter 3: Analysis ... 30
3.1. Galileo’s Science ... 30
3.2. The Church’s Domination in The Life of Galileo ... 35
3.2.1. The Ideological System Operated by The Church’s Apparatus ... 36
3.2.2. The Repressive System Operated by The Church’s Apparatus ... 44
3.2.3. The Ideology of the Church ... 45
3.3. Galileo Galilei’s Resistances ... 46
3.3.1. The Scientific Ideology as a Counter to the Domination ... 51
3.3.2. The Art as a Movement ... 58
Chapter 4: Conclusion ... 61
Work Cited ... 63
Synopsis ... 68
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: The ISA and RSA in The Life of Galileo ... 53
Figure 2: Science Between Church and Galileo in The Life of Galileo ... 54
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ABSTRACT
Handianto, Gondo. The Resistance of Galileo Galilei Against The Church’s
Domination in Bertolt Brecht’s The Life of Galileo. Undergraduate Thesis, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya.
The Society is divided into two classes, bourgeoisie (oppressor) and
proletariat (oppressed) based on Marxism. The conflicts that are occurred between
these two classes are determined by social justice and wealth. This kind of
phenomenon is well portrayed in the drama called The Life of Galileo. This drama
provides the representation of the Church’s domination into all aspect of society
including science. This study attempts to reveal Galileo’s resistance against Church’s
domination represented within the drama. This study also aims to criticize the
authoritarianism practice in the society which is represented by the dominant
ideology that gives negative impact to the society. Moreover, this study also intends
to reveal Galileo’s resistance which is represented through science and art against
Church’s domination. The writer used Karl Marx’s theory and Louis Althusser’s
theory with the approach to the ISA and RSA through a process called ‘interpellation’
which divided society into bourgeoisie and proletariat. In the end, it is found that
Galileo’s resistance in Bertolt Brecht’s The Life of Galileo is the impact of the
Church’s domination, the perpetual friction between scientific ideology, and also the
Dogma which prevent Galileo from spreading the truth.
Keywords: Ideology, Interpellation, ISA, RSA, Science.
