Microhydro for
Rural Development
Mandiri Foundation, appropriate technology group
1991 1989
1988 1990 1992 1993
IBEKA history
Pesantren Infrastructure Project Electrification, MHP Clean water, Gravitation, Deep Well
1979 - 1990
IBEKA Foundation, People Centered Business and Economic Institute
Notarial Act 17 Agustus 1992
IBEKA
Greater Bandung Small Metal Enterprise Development Project (Swiss Contact)
MHP Dissemination Project (GTZ-SKAT)
1990 - 1994
FLOW DURATION CURVE
1. Catchments area 2. Annual rain fall
3. Topography & geology 4. Vegetation
5. etc
adequate
TRANSMITION & DISTRIBUTION line and HOUSE HOLD connection
IBEKA
DESIGN FLOW assurance
Civil Engineering, topographical mapping 1. Weir, canal, basin size
2. Slope stability
3. Mud & sand settlement 4. Flushing & spillway 5. Trash rack & disposal 6. etc
Appropriate construction design
maintain POWER GENERATION
Mechanical & Electrical engineering
• Fluid mechanics
• Power generation & control system
IBEKA
NEW/RENEWABLE ENERGY NATURE
AVAILABILITY POWER SCALE
BUSINESS CATAGORY
~ mWe 0 We
Power : SMALL Power : MEDIUM Power : BIG
Availability : PLENTY Availability : SOME Availability : RARE
SMALL MEDIUM BIG
PLENTY SOME RARE
semi commercial
non commercial commercial 1.5 mW <
SOCIAL BUSINESS COMMUNITY BASED
1.5 mW 250 kW
BENEFIT for THE POOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION ACTIVITY PROFIT for CAPITAL OWNER
COMMERCIAL BUSINESS
New/renew able energy technology New/renew able energy technology IBEKA
NEW-RENEWABLE ENERGY NATURE
AVAILABILITY POWER SCALE
0 We
Power : SMALL Availability : PLENTY
non commercial
COMMUNITY BASED
250 kW
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFIT for THE POOR
USER FRIENDLY CAPACITY BUILDING local community capability SOCIAL “ASPECT” TECHNICAL “ASPECT”
DEVELOPMENT and NRE TECHNOLOGY
local community
loca l resour ce dev elopment time line Resource Data Assessment Community Baseline Data Collection Community Social Structure Mapping Floating Mass Awareness Village CONCENSUS ORGANIZATION set up & reinfor-
cement PARTICIPATORY Activity RECONAICANCE PHASE 3 month CONSOLIDATION PHASE
9 month 6 month
SELF ORGANIZING PHASE SELF RELIANT PHASE TECHNICAL CAPABILITY MANAGE- RIAL CAPA-
BILITY SOC IAL A D A P T A TI ON C RIT ICA L P H A SE NO COMMUNITY
CONSOLIDATION NO SELF ORGANIZING
NON SELF RELIANT
TECHNICAL DEPEND –
ABILITY
LOCAL
ORGANIZATIONAL and
INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY
LOCAL
BENEFIT and
ADDED VALUE
PRIME MOVER
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
BY ELECTRIC POWER UTILIZATION
AND NGOS CAPACITY BUILDING
THROUGH MICROHYDRO
DEVELOPMENT
A. Cisalimar
•
Remote part of Cipeuteuy Village
•
Categorized as under-developed
•
Very limited access to resources/services
•
MHP potential
B. The MHPP Development
•
MHP: a sustainable, affordable source of
energy/electricity
“
driving force
”
•
Process oriented: participative process for
empowerment
•
Direct benefits, aiming medium to long term
impacts
•
Appropriate media for MHP development
AIM/DIRECTION
Description
Assigned Activity
1. Exploring more of local situation/
conditions for checking and adjustments
• Rural Appraisal
• Baseline Data 2. Participation and contribution
(involvement, sense of belonging)
• Participative Planning
• Electric Supply Management
3. Revitalization of community’s institution/
organization
• Participative Planning
• Electric Supply Management 4. Skill and capacity building
• MHPP construction
• Farmer Extension 5. Productivity facilitation and electricity
utilization
• Electrical appliance
• Mechanization 6. NGOs capacity building on MHP
development
DESIGN
Rural Appraisal
Baseline Data
Participative Planning
Electricity Supply Management Agriculture/other economic activities
Construction
Electrical appliances
Mechanization
NGOs
capacity
build
ing
Training for NGOs
• 8 participating institutions (NGO, government and private company) from 5 province (Lampung, South Sumatera, South Sulawesi, North Sulawesi Central Java and Jakarta)
• MHP development aspects and planning training (2003)
• On-the-job training at Cisalimar MHPP
construction (2004)
• Four site studies by
Cisalimar Microhydro Power
Plant
•
34 kW installed
capacity
•
288 households
electrified
•
Owned by
community and
managed by Arum
Mekar Cooperative
•
Trained local
Community’s Institution
– Livestock
– Small industry enterprises
– Agriculture
– Trade
– Financing facilitation (microcredit)
• Community’s Arum Mekar
Cooperative founded
• Electricity supply management, and power plant operation and maintenance
• Aim: Facilitating and coordinat-ing
community’s economic activity
Economic Activity Promotion
Activity
Aim
• Sheep/goat with revolving mechanism
• Sheep/goat as household saving
• Increased sheep/goat population
• Proven system that works
• Possibility to invite investments
– 60 sheep/goats as starter
• Agriculture demonstration plots (vegetables)
• Increased skills
• Product diversification (testing)
• Indigenous knowledge pooling for possibility to lower external inputs
– 6 locations, about 2 ha
• Market accessing facilitation for agriculture products
• Agriculture production consolidat-ion for product competitiveness
• Mechanization using processing machinery (testcase)
• Added value
• Inputs efficiency
• Production capacity
– Cassava/banana chips production
• Seed capital loan test • Small financing (microcredit) facilitation capability
Electric Power Utilization
Activity
Aim
Target
• Machinery
demonstration
• Added values for local
products
• Optimal power utilization and
improved cost recovery
• 3 testcases
• Electrical appliances
introduction
• Household workload
• Household income
• 1 unit;
revolving
• Feasibility studies for
small/home industries
Intangibles
Impacts
Indicators
• Trust • Active participation – Invitations/requests
– Aspirations
• Confidence • Initiative – Decisions
– Proposed activities
– Constructive suggestions
• Cohesion • Functional institution – Cooperative function effectively
– Collective efforts (often voluntarily)
Combined with skill improvements will create capacity. A
