CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Language is the main way to communicate with other person in human’s life.
Language has important role, such as thinking, express feeling, communicating ideas
and discussing with others. Sapir (1921 : 8) says “language is purely human and non
instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotional, and desires by means of
system of voluntarily produced symbols”.
Nowadays, many people tend to study not only their native language but also
a foreign language, especially English. As we know that English holds an important
part in International life as an International language. Because of that, many people
are eager to speak and write English well. Large part of students in the world study
about English as their second or foreign language. In Indonesia, students arealso
study English as second language in the school and support it by joining English
courseto improve language skills or language ability.However, still many people who
have not been able to use English because English is quite difficult to be learnt and
understood. One of the difficult parts to be learnt is grammar because it creates some
words to become a good sentence, paragraph, etc.
One of grammatical components is part of speech. Fries (1957: 65) classifies
the part of speech into eight parts, they are, noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb,
makes statements less repetitive while showing how the subjects and objects of a
clause or a series of clauses are connected. And he divided the pronouns into eight
types; personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive
pronouns, indefinite pronouns, reciprocal pronouns, relative pronouns, and
interrogative pronouns.
There are so many types of pronouns that have different meaning and purpose
in a sentence. Demonstrative Pronoun is one topic thatstudents studying about
English grammar, especially about demonstrative sentence. By understanding the
demonstrative pronoun, it can help the student in speaking and writing English well.
Demonstrative pronouns are those that identify or point to a thing or things
and occasionally persons.They can be both singular and plural and they refer to
nouns that are either nearby or far away in time or space.
There are four demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, those. This and
these used to replace specific person or thing near the speaker. But the difference is
this refer to singular nouns and these identify plural nouns. For example:
- This book is mine.
- Do you want these candies?
Then, that and those refer to replace specific person or thing far away from
the speaker. But the difference is that refer to singular nouns and those identify plural
nouns. For example:
- I can’t reach that pen
So, a demonstrative pronoun tells us whether it is replacing something
singular or plural and whether that thing(s) is close by or farther away in purpose to
modify the pronoun.
Meanwhile, Demonstrative adjective are those that identify or point to a
thing or things and occasionally persons in purpose to modify the noun that followed
by adjective . Just like demonstrative pronoun, demonstrative adjective also can be
both singular and plural and they refer to nouns that are either nearby or far away in
time or space. Demonstrative adjective also must contain those 4 words above to
identify the demonstrative form (this, that, these, those) that has same meaning and
function as demonstrative pronoun but followed by adjective. For example:
- This red car is belong to my mother.
- Thatnew sofa looks better.
- Thesebroken glasses cuts her finger.
- Thoseexpensivebags are mine.
From the explanation above, the writer concludes both kind of the using of
demonstrative are identical, but a demonstrative pronoun stands alone, while a
demonstrative adjective modifies the noun.
In Indonesia, studying English is as important as other subject for students.
They study English beginning from primary school up to university level, moreover
they take the addition lesson in course for increase their English furthermore.
In this thesis, the writer describes and analyzes the ability of My Apple’s
students on demonstrative sentence. My Apple is a multimedia language centre that
educated programs, they are: English for children, English for teenagers, English for
adults, Mandarin class, conversation, grammar, art and craft, and movie time.In
English program, there are some levels that categorize students’ knowledge about
English, appropriate with the curriculum based from Singapore. The levels are: Early
1, Early 2, Beginner 1, Beginner2, Beginner 1, Beginner 2, Level 1,
Pre-Level 2, Pre-Level 1-9, Step 1-6, and Conversation.
Pre-Level 1, Pre-Level 2 and Level 1 are the levels that study about
demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative adjective in those classes, the students are
commonly in 4th-5th grade of primary school.Having observed some students of My
Apple, the writer found that they are confused to differentiate the types of
demonstrative sentence. As a primary school students, they also have difficulty to
change the combination between the singular this or that either the plural these or
those. They are confused which one they should use. That’s why the writer describes
and analyzes the students’ ability to use demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative
adjective at My Apple course.
1.2 Problem of the Study
Based on the description above, the problem of this research is stated in the
formof question below:
a. To what extent are My Apple students able to use demonstrative pronoun and
demonstrative adjective?
b. What factorscan influence the students’ ability to use demonstrative pronoun
and demonstrative adjective?
1.3 Objective of the Study
a. To find out to what extent the My Apple students able to use demonstrative
pronoun and demonstrative adjective.
b. To find out the factors that influence students’ ability to use demonstrative
pronoun and demonstrative adjective.
1.4. Scope of the Study
In writing this thesis the writerlimits the study due to time limitation and
focus on the analysis of two demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative adjective
which is based on the curriculum used by the course. The object that analyzed
wasthestudentsof My Apple who are in the pre-level 1, pre-level 2 and level 1.
1.5 Significance of the Study
This research is a study on students’ ability in using demonstrative pronoun
and demonstrative adjective. It has positive significance not only for the students, but
also for the English teachers in their attempts to improve their teaching and learning
techniques of English grammar, especially demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative
adjective. Specifically, the significance of this study are stated as follow:
a. It is expected that the result of this research can provide some valuable
and useful information about the students’ ability to use demonstrative
pronoun and demonstrative adjective for the English teachers so that the
teachers can motivate their studentsmore to improve their ability in using
demonstrative pronouns and demonstrative adjective.
b. It is also expected that the thesis can be a reference for the other
researchers who are interested to research about demonstrative pronoun
