DEVELOPING AND CONSTRUCTING AN AIR DRUM KIT FOR ENTERTAINMENT PURPOSES
By Ricky Andrew
1-1108-035
A Thesis submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY EduTown BSDCity
Tangerang 15339 INDONESIA
Telp. +62 21 3045 0045 Fax. +62 21 3045 0001 E-mail: info@sgu.ac.id
www.sgu.ac.id
2012
DEVELOPING AND CONSTRUCTING AN AIR DRUM KIT FOR ENTERTAINMENT PURPOSES
By Ricky Andrew
1-1108-035
A Thesis submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY EduTown BSDCity
Tangerang 15339 INDONESIA
Telp. +62 21 3045 0045 Fax. +62 21 3045 0001 E-mail: info@sgu.ac.id
www.sgu.ac.id
2012
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.
_______________________________________ _________________
Ricky Andrew Date
Approved by:
________________________________________ _________________
Advisor, Dipl.-Ing. Maralo Sinaga Date
________________________________________ _________________
Co-Advisor, Dipl.-Ing. Wahjoe Goeritno, M.Si Date
______________________________________ _________________
Chairman of the Examination Steering Committee Date
ABSTRACT
DEVELOPING AND CONSTRUCTING AN AIR DRUM KIT FOR ENTERTAINMENT PURPOSES
By
Ricky Andrew
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY Bumi Serpong Damai
Dipl.-Ing. Maralo Sinaga, Thesis Advisor Dipl.-Ing. Wahjoe Goeritno, M.Si, Thesis Co-Advisor
Nowadays musical instruments such as acoustic guitar, electric guitar, acoustic drum kit, electric keyboard or even a grand piano have various disadvantages moreover in flexibility. Flexible and easy musical instruments can be developed with virtual concept such as virtual guitar or virtual drum kit. With the new concept and goal, this thesis will present development and implementation of air drum kit concept with low- cost budget for entertaining purpose. System design will include the design of drum sticks integrated with triple-axis accelerometers and drum pedals integrated with limit switches. The goal of this project is developing and constructing an air drum kit with the process of learning MIDI connection and builds a system that can send MIDI messages as the output. This output will control the Sound Module integrated with Music Sequencer to produce sound that imitate acoustic drum kit sound and behavior.
Keywords: Air Drum Kit, Accelerometer MMA7361, Arduino Microcontroller Board, Limit Switch Z-15GQ-B, FL Studio 10
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to my Almighty God, my family, my lecturers, my colleagues who contributed so much in completion of this thesis.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank Almighty God for His blessings and His inclusion that support me the most to work and finish this thesis. I can always in my best condition from the beginning until the end of this thesis work.
I would like to thank all SGU lecturers in Mechatronics Engineering Department for their help, support and assistance over this thesis work. Especially to Dipl,-Ing.
Maralo Sinaga my thesis advisor, Dipl.-Ing. Wahjoe Goeritno, M.Si my thesis co- advisor who patiently support and guide me.
I would like to thank all my colleagues in SGU, especially from Mechatronics Department 2008 whose work on their thesis but still able to help my problems.
Lastly, I would like to thank my parents for their financial supports, my father who gives me a lot of advices and supports in mechanical aspect, my mother who support me in mental supports.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR ... 3
ABSTRACT ... 4
DEDICATION ... 5
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... 7
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ... 13
1.1 Background ... 13
1.2 Thesis Purpose... 14
1.3 Thesis Scope and Limitation ... 14
1.4 Methodology ... 15
1.5 Thesis Structure ... 16
CHAPTER 2 – LITERATURE REVIEW ... 17
2.1 Drum Kit Role in Musical Performance ... 17
2.2 Drum Kit History ... 17
2.3 Basic Drum Technique ... 18
2.4 Acoustic Drum Kit ... 20
2.5 Electric Drum Kit ... 21
2.6 Air Drum Kit ... 22
CHAPTER 3 – METHODOLOGY ... 24
3.1 System Design Overview ... 24
3.2 Mechanical System Design ... 25
3.2.1 Drum Sticks ... 25
3.2.2 Drum Pedals ... 26
3.3 Electrical System Design ... 28
3.3.1 Accelerometer ... 29
A. Acceleration ... 29
B. How Accelerometer Works... 32
C. Choosing Accelerometer ... 33
D. Accelerometer Mounting ... 35
E. Accelerometer Testing ... 36
3.3.2 Limit Switch... 39
A. Criteria for choosing Limit Switch ... 40
B. Conclusion of the Limit Switch for This Thesis Project ... 40
C. Limit Switch Mounting ... 41
D. Limit Switch Testing... 41
3.3.3 Microcontroller ... 42
A. Criteria for choosing Microcontroller ... 43
B. Arduino Microcontroller Boards & Software ... 44
C. Types of Arduino Microcontroller Board ... 46
D. Conclusion of Arduino for This Thesis Project ... 47
3.4 Program System Design ... 48
3.4.1 MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) ... 50
A. MIDI Data ... 51
B. MIDI Message ... 52
C. MIDI Connection ... 54
3.4.2 Music Sequencer ... 55
A. Criteria for choosing Music Sequencer... 55
B. FL Studio 10 ... 56
CHAPTER 4 – RESULT & DISCUSSION... 61
4.1 Accelerometer ... 61
4.1.1 Accelerometer Testing Result ... 61
4.1.2 The Sensitivity Checking ... 65
4.1.3 Acceleration Testing Result ... 65
4.2 Limit Switch ... 70
4.2.1 Electrical Solution ... 74
4.2.2 Program Solution ... 75
4.3 FPC Note ... 76
4.4 Generating Sound Output ... 77
4.4.1 Interfacing Sound Module ... 78
A. Registry Configuration... 78
B. Program Interfacing ... 80
4.4.2 Programming Simulation ... 82
4.4.3 MIDI Input Variables ... 83
5.1 Conclusion ... 85
5.2 Recommendation ... 85
GLOSSARY ... 87
REFERENCES ... 90
APPENDIX A: MECHANICAL DESIGN ... 92
APPENDIX B: ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC AND DATASHEET ... 100
B.1 Electrical System Schematic ... 100
B.2 Arduino Uno Board Schematic ... 101
B.3 Schematic of Accelerometer Board MMA7361... 102
B.4 Datasheet ... 103
APPENDIX C: PROGRAM CODE ... 123
APPENDIX D: BILL OF MATERIAL ... 129
D.1 Mechanical Components ... 129
D.2 Electrical Components ... 129
D.3 Total Price ... 130
CURRICULUM VITAE ... 131
